精品解析：湖南省长沙市明德中学2025-2026学年高二下学期5月期中英语试题

明德中学2026年上学期期中考试 高二年级英语试卷 时量: 120分钟 满分: 150分 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What happened to the man? A. He was fined by his company. B. He had a business failure. C. He lost his job. 2. What did the man forget to do today? A. Watch a show. B. Walk the dog. C. Practice the piano. 3. How many courses does the woman have in the morning? A. Two. B. Three. C. Five. 4. What does the woman need help with? A. Buying some medicine. B. Finding a drugstore. C. Getting groceries. 5. What is the woman's problem? A. She lacks imagination. B. She manages time badly. C. She has difficulty focusing. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. The man's trip preparations. B. The man's emergency funds. C. The man's credit limit. 7. How much cash has the man prepared for his trip? A.200 euros. B.300 euros. C.500 euros. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. Why is the woman nervous? A. It's been years since her last race. B. She hasn't trained for two months. C. She suffered an injury before. 9. What's the man's advice? A. Doing enough warm-up. B. Adjusting based on the race. C. Keeping a comfortable pace. 10. What is the man mainly doing for the woman? A. Building her confidence. B. Planning her recovery. C. Comforting her after the race. 听第8段材料，回答第11至 13题。 11. Where is the conversation taking place? A. In a hotel apartment. B. On a beach. C. In a café. 12. What drink does the woman want? A. Juice. B. Water. C. Coffee. 13. What are the speakers going to do tonight? A. Read magazines. B. Have a group dinner. C. Use a coffee machine. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teammates. B. Professor and student. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 15. Why is the newly discovered dinosaur special? A. It stands on three legs. B. It likes eating leaves. C. It has two fingers. 16. What will the woman discuss next? A. Another dinosaur species. B. Her next research region. C. Dinosaurs moving between regions. 听第 10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What do we know about Barnard's star? A. It's bigger than the Sun. B. It's younger than the Sun. C. It's cooler than the Sun. 18. Why is Barnard's Star hard to observe? A. Its brightness is low. B. It's too close to the Sun. C. It has millions of planets. 19. What does the speaker think of the universe? A. It is full of the unknown. B. It is largely explored. C. It is multi-centered. 20. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Scientists. B. Students. C. News reporters 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Frequently Asked Questions about London Theatres London has a world-leading theatre scene, and it’s particularly strong when it comes to family shows. Read the FAQ to make your family theatre trip a pleasant one. Can children go to all theatres? Most shows are suitable for people aged 12 or older. Some productions might have material that is too mature for younger theatregoers. However, there are also fantastic family shows which are appropriate for all ages, or which are specifically aimed at kids. Are children booster seats available? Some theatres, though not all, provide booster seats-for example, Nederlander theatres rent height-adjustable seats for £1 if you ask a member of staff. They are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Some venues will also have height restrictions so that audience sitting behind you can still see. Are there frequent breaks throughout the duration of a performance? If it’s a show for a general audience, there will usually be one or two intervals based on the running time. Most shows designed specifically for younger audiences will have short running times, like an hour or less. Can I bring my own snacks and drinks into the theatre? Most theatres won’t allow you to bring your own snacks and drinks. They sell food and drink in the theatre and that’s part of how they bring in profit. If you have concerns about dietary requirements, you can contact the theatre beforehand to make arrangements. Find all the latest recommendations and more information about the rules on Telegraph Tickets, or check with the box office. 1. Where is the text probably from? A. A theatre guide. B. A drama review. C. A show advertisement. D. A performance schedule. 2. Which best describes booster seats? A. Found in every theatre. B. Provided free of charge. C. Required by safety rules. D. Offered in limited number. 3. What are the theatres’ concerns behind their food policies? A. Financial gain. B. Food safety. C. Cleaning cost. D. Audience experience. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是关于伦敦剧院的常见问题解答。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Read the FAQ to make your family theatre trip a pleasant one.(阅读常见问题解答，让你的家庭剧院之旅愉快)”以及后文对伦敦剧院各种常见问题的详细解答可知，文章旨在为去剧院的人提供相关信息和指导。“A theatre guide(剧院指南)”符合文章的性质和用途。B项“A drama review(戏剧评论)”主要是对戏剧内容、表演等方面进行评价；C项“A show advertisement(演出广告)”侧重于宣传演出；D项“A performance schedule(演出时间表)”主要呈现演出的时间安排，均不符合文章内容。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Some theatres, though not all, provide booster seats for example, Nederlander theatres rent height adjustable seats for £1 if you ask a member of staff. They are available on a first come, first served basis.(一些剧院，并非所有剧院，提供增高座椅。例如，如果你向工作人员提出要求，Nederlander剧院会以1英镑的价格出租可调节高度的座椅。这些座椅是先到先得的)”可知，并不是每个剧院都有增高座椅，且是收费出租的，也未提及是安全规则要求的，而先到先得，说明数量是有限的。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Most theatres won’t allow you to bring your own snacks and drinks. They sell food and drink in the theatre and that’s part of how they bring in profit.(大多数剧院不允许你自带零食和饮料。他们在剧院内出售食品和饮料，这是他们盈利的一部分)”可知，剧院的饮食政策是为了获得经济收益。故选A项。 B When Sandra Mejia received news in 2023 that her beloved plant store, Plant Chica, had to close within 90 days, her heart sank. The store — first opened as a pop-up store in 2018 and later turned into a greenhouse in a repurposed auto body shop — had become a gathering spot for locals. Although business was slow during the winter of 2023, Mejia was always feeling positive about the store because having a physical store was her dream.“We were having a really hard time letting go of it,” said Mejia. “I felt like I was never going to find anything as special as that space.” But hope arrived unexpectedly. A community organization read about her story and reached out. Robbie Lee, from a local nonprofit organization, thought Mejia might be a good fit for what his organization was trying to build in Leimert Park. “She seemed to have some strong connection to the South L.A. community,” Lee explained. He believed Mejia’s passion matched their vision for a cultural center in Los Angeles. So, he decided to help her find a new place. After viewing several locations, Mejia discovered a suitable place. In late 2024, the new Plant Chica opened. The redesigned greenhouse, with gravel paths and a weather-resistant dome (圆屋顶), became an instant favorite. The new space is special for another reason: The open space allows Mejia to more easily facilitate the community events and cooperation she is known for. When Amorette Brooms, a fellow small business owner, faced the closure of her business, Mejia offered her free space at Plant Chica. This action turned into a sustainable model: currently, four local marketers operate their businesses rent-free within the greenhouse. “This model gives small businesses a chance to grow,” Brooms said. For Mejia, Plant Chica is more than a plant store. It's proof that when people come together, beautiful things grow. Reflecting on her journey, Mejia shared, “My son cut the ribbon at both stores. That's the lesson - when things get tough, don't give up. Find new paths forward.” 4. How did Sandra Mejia feel about the news in 2023? A. Excited about making a change. B. Depressed and completely at a loss. C. Indifferent due to slow winter sales. D. Relieved to end the struggling business. 5. What made Robbie Lee determined to help Mejia? A. Her knowledge of gardening. B. Her chance of drawing visitors. C. Her cultural ties and community spirit. D. Her experience in running businesses. 6. What is the key benefit of Mejia’s rental model according to Brooms? A. It greatly increases Plant Chica’s profits. B. It makes her store a popular check-in spot. C. It promotes competition among businesses. D. It helps small businesses to survive and grow. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Plant Chica’s Rebirth: Unity and Hope B. A Greenhouse’s Architectural Transformation C. A New Running Model for Plant Chica D. Surviving Challenges: Small Businesses in Crisis 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了2023年，梅贾的植物商店面临关闭。一个社区组织帮她找到了一个新地方；这家2024年开业的商店可以让她举办社区活动，并为小企业提供免费空间，展示团结和希望。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“When Sandra Mejia received news in 2023 that her beloved plant store, Plant Chica, had to close within 90 days, her heart sank.( 2023年，当桑德拉·梅贾（Sandra Mejia）收到她心爱的植物商店Plant Chica必须在90天内关闭的消息时，她的心一沉。)”以及““We were having a really hard time letting go of it,” said Mejia. “I felt like I was never going to find anything as special as that space.”(“我们真的很难放下它，”梅贾说。“我觉得我再也找不到像那个地方那么特别的地方了。”)”可推知，桑德拉·梅贾对2023年的消息感到沮丧和完全不知所措。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中““She seemed to have some strong connection to the South L.A. community,” Lee explained. He believed Mejia’s passion matched their vision for a cultural center in Los Angeles. So, he decided to help her find a new place.(“她似乎与南洛杉矶社区有着密切的联系，”李解释说。他相信梅贾的热情与他们在洛杉矶建立文化中心的愿景相吻合。所以，他决定帮她找个新地方。)”可知，“社区联结”和“契合文化中心愿景的热情”（体现社区精神）是李帮助她的核心原因。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Mejia offered her free space at Plant Chica. This action turned into a sustainable model: currently, four local marketers operate their businesses rent-free within the greenhouse. “This model gives small businesses a chance to grow,” Brooms said.(梅贾为她提供了Plant Chica的免费空间。这一行动变成了一个可持续的模式：目前，四名当地营销人员在温室内免费经营他们的业务。“这种模式给小企业一个成长的机会，”布鲁姆斯说。)”可知，根据布鲁姆斯的说法，梅贾的租赁模式的主要好处是它帮助小企业生存和发展。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了2023年，梅贾的植物商店面临关闭。一个社区组织帮她找到了一个新地方；这家2024年开业的商店可以让她举办社区活动，并为小企业提供免费空间，展示团结和希望。由此可知，这篇文章最适合的标题是“Plant Chica的重生：团结与希望”。故选A项。 C Self-confidence means trusting our abilities and is generally regarded as positive. But is it possible that we might benefit from a little less confidence in our beliefs? For many years, Dr. Mark Leary, a neuroscientist at Duke University, has studied the role of people’s beliefs in their behavior. He found overconfidence is very common, especially in personal beliefs, and can lead us to disastrous decisions. In 1986, NASA put space flight loss risk at roughly 1 in 100,000. It was an overconfident belief and might have led to the explosion of the Challenger. The good news is that there’s a “vaccine (疫苗)” for overconfidence, and that’s what scientists call“intellectual humility (谦逊)” — recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong. A survey of 144 college students to measure their intellectual humility found that students who saw their thinking could be wrong tended to be more curious and more likely to seek out new knowledge. They ended up knowing more at the end of the day. But does it actually help you beyond that? To find out more, Dr. Tenelle Porter at Ball State University conducted a series of studies with high school students. She found that students with intellectual humility were much more likely to test themselves to see whether they really understood the material and seek out potential knowledge gaps. When they got test scores, they’d change their study strategies to improve their performance and master the material for the next test. Students who didn’t see their knowledge could be wrong might instead just sail through their studying and wouldn’t stop to ask themselves if they truly understood the material. Such students thought they got a subject down pat, they found they didn’t actually understand as much as they had thought. Although it might be good for you, researchers recognize that questioning your beliefs can be truly hard. Still, it’s important to remember that questioning beliefs isn’t always about replacing old ones with new ones. If you find it hard to question a belief, try taking “baby steps.” 8. Why does the author mention the explosion of the Challenger? A. To express his sorrow for the loss. B. To stress the high risk of space flights. C. To give an example of overconfidence. D. To show the result of wrong operation. 9. What do we know about intellectual humility according to Porter’s research? A. It encouraged students to take exams. B. It urged students to gain recognition. C. It motivated students to memorize knowledge. D. It helped students to adjust learning methods. 10. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the students mentioned ________. A. try to avoid difficult learning tasks B. hold an unrealistic opinion of their learning C. refuse to spend much time on their learning D. have wrong methods of learning new lessons 11. What will probably be discussed in the following paragraphs? A. Why questioning our belief is hard. B. Why intellectual humility is helpful. C. How to become a confident person. D. How to practice intellectual humility. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了“智力谦逊”这一概念，即认识到自己的信念可能是错误的，并通过研究说明智力谦逊有助于学生调整学习策略、提升学习效果。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“He found overconfidence is very common, especially in personal beliefs, and can lead us to disastrous decisions. In 1986, NASA put space flight loss risk at roughly 1 in 100,000. It was an overconfident belief and might have led to the explosion of the Challenger.(他发现过度自信非常普遍，尤其是在个人信念方面，并且可能导致我们做出灾难性的决策。1986年，NASA将航天飞机失事风险定为大约十万分之一。这种过度自信的信念可能导致了挑战者号的爆炸)”可知，作者引用挑战者号爆炸的例子是为了具体说明过度自信可能导致灾难性后果，以此作为过度自信的例证。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“She found that students with intellectual humility were much more likely to test themselves to see whether they really understood the material and seek out potential knowledge gaps. When they got test scores, they’d change their study strategies to improve their performance and master the material for the next test.(她发现，具有智力谦逊的学生更有可能自我测试，看看自己是否真正理解了材料，并找出潜在的知识盲点。当他们拿到考试成绩后，会改变学习策略以提高表现，为下次考试掌握材料)”可知，智力谦逊帮助学生调整学习方法和策略。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Students who didn’t see their knowledge could be wrong might instead just sail through their studying and wouldn’t stop to ask themselves if they truly understood the material. Such students thought they got a subject down pat, they found they didn’t actually understand as much as they had thought.(那些意识不到自己所学知识可能存在错误的学生，往往学习一路顺风顺水，也不会停下来反思自己是否真正吃透了所学内容。这类学生自以为把一门学科掌握得炉火纯青，到头来却发现自己实则远没有想象中理解得透彻。)”可知，这些学生对自己的学习水平有不切实际的评估，高估了自己的理解程度。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although it might be good for you, researchers recognize that questioning your beliefs can be truly hard. Still, it’s important to remember that questioning beliefs isn’t always about replacing old ones with new ones. If you find it hard to question a belief, try taking “baby steps.”(尽管智力谦逊可能对你有益，但研究人员承认，质疑自己的信念确实很困难。不过，重要的是要记住，质疑信念并不总是要用新信念取代旧信念。如果你觉得质疑某个信念很困难，试着采取“小步走”的方式)”可知，文章最后指出质疑信念很难，并建议采取“小步走”的方式，因此接下来很可能具体介绍如何实践智力谦逊的方法。 D A new study published in the Journal of Applied Ecology revealed when, where and how most songbirds migrate offshore over North American coasts. This data can help wind energy managers cut down on birds dying from hitting wind turbines (涡轮机) while generating sustainable energy. The researchers studied 10 years of weather radar data from 16 sites and found that birds flying over the Atlantic Coast and the Gulf of Mexico gather more closely and move for a shorter time than those flying over land. More birds also migrate in fall than in spring. Shannon Curley, the study’s lead researcher, explained, “Birds migrate over the sea on fewer nights than over land. There’s no place to rest and refuel on the water, so birds may wait for ideal atmospheric conditions, such as favorable winds, before making an offshore crossing.” This short yet critical time window gives wind energy managers a chance to reduce collisions (相撞). Curley said they could pause turbine work on nights when migration is most intense-a practice that is currently more common in Europe than North America. “These peak nights of migration tend to have fairly nice weather and calmer winds, and are therefore not the nights when wind operators have a huge energy harvest,” Curley noted. “So there might be a sweet spot where we can target these big migration nights and give these birds safe passage.” The study also found that songbirds migrating offshore fly at lower altitudes than those migrating over land, potentially putting them at greater risk of wind turbine collisions. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service says 140,000 to 327,000 birds die from land turbines each year. But no one knows how many die from offshore turbines, since dead birds’ bodies wash away easily. So using radar technology to identify high-risk areas is key. With one-third of all American bird species rapidly declining, data-driven decisions about turbine siting and operations can point the way to sustainable energy while also saving birds. “Our hope is that this work will help identify high-risk, high-use areas for birds and contribute to positive green energy solutions,” Curley said. 12. What can we learn about the songbirds in paragraph 2? A. They favor flying over open seas. B. They become more active on spring nights. C. They are particular about where to rest. D. They time crossings by weather conditions. 13. What does the underlined phrase “a sweet spot” refer to? A. An ideal balance. B. A moral dilemma C. An opportunity for profit. D. A place without turbines 14. Why is it difficult to identify high-risk areas offshore? A. Birds change their travelling routes. B. Wind strength at sea is unpredictable. C. Dead birds’ bodies are hard to trace. D. Radar technology is underdeveloped. 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Radar changes songbird migration study. B. Study balances energy and bird protection. C. North America tests bird-smart wind practices. D. Offshore turbines kill more birds than land ones. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项关于北美鸣禽迁徙的研究，该研究揭示了鸣禽在北美海岸线外迁徙的时间、地点和方式，为风能管理者提供了减少鸟类与风力涡轮机相撞的数据支持，从而在发展可持续能源的同时保护鸟类。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Birds migrate over the sea on fewer nights than over land. There’s no place to rest and refuel on the water, so birds may wait for ideal atmospheric conditions, such as favorable winds, before making an offshore crossing.(鸟类在海上迁徙的夜晚比在陆地上少。由于水面上没有地方可以休息和补充能量，所以鸟类可能会等待理想的大气条件，比如有利的风，然后再进行离岸穿越)”可知，鸟类会根据天气情况来安排迁徙的时间。故选D。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段中““These peak nights of migration tend to have fairly nice weather and calmer winds, and are therefore not the nights when wind operators have a huge energy harvest,” Curley noted. “So there might be a sweet spot where we can target these big migration nights and give these birds safe passage.”(柯利指出：“这些迁徙的高峰夜晚往往有相当好的天气和平静的风，因此不是风力运营商获得大量能源的夜晚。”“所以可能是 a sweet spot ，我们可以瞄准这些大迁徙的夜晚，给这些鸟安全的通道。”)”可知，“a sweet spot”出现在描述“大风天(高发电量)但迁徙少”与“天气好、风力小(低发电量)但迁徙密集”两种情况的对比之后。它指代的是“一个理想的平衡点”，即在鸟类迁徙高峰的夜晚(通常是低发电量的时候)暂停涡轮机，既对发电量影响不大，又能有效保护鸟类。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“But no one knows how many die from offshore turbines, since dead birds’ bodies wash away easily.(但没有人知道有多少鸟类死于海上涡轮机，因为死鸟的尸体很容易被冲走)”可知，很难确定海上高风险区域是因为死鸟的尸体很难追踪。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“This data can help wind energy managers cut down on birds dying from hitting wind turbines (涡轮机) while generating sustainable energy.(这些数据可以帮助风能管理者减少在产生可持续能源时鸟类因撞击风力涡轮机而死亡的数量)”和最后一段中“With one-third of all American bird species rapidly declining, data-driven decisions about turbine siting and operations can point the way to sustainable energy while also saving birds.(由于美国三分之一的鸟类正在迅速减少，关于涡轮机选址和运营的数据驱动决策可以为可持续能源指明方向，同时也能拯救鸟类)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于北美鸣禽迁徙的研究，该研究揭示了鸣禽在北美海岸线外迁徙的时间、地点和方式，为风能管理者提供了减少鸟类与风力涡轮机相撞的数据支持，从而在发展可持续能源的同时保护鸟类。因此，全文的主要内容是通过研究数据找到兼顾风能开发和鸟类保护的平衡点。故选B。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Gardening 380 Kilometers above Earth Astronauts have to go through physical, psychological, and technical training. They also go through training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants. Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isn’t a new idea. As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space. ____16____ Because of this, it’s not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away. Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things. ____17____ Also, plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen. They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraft — the only air the astronauts can breathe. ____18____ Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots don’t “know” to grow down, leaves don’t “know” to grow up, and water doesn’t easily travel up the roots to the leaves. ____19____ Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (胶) are used to help plant growth. Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. ____20____ Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. With the world’s population now at seven billion (十亿) people, our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions. A. Every plant grown in space must have several uses. B. However, there are challenges with growing plants in space. C. Such methods may result in improvements back here on Earth. D. The cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram. E. Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly. F. Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods. G. Currently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks and then caught again so it can be reused. 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了在太空中种植植物的必要性、面临的挑战以及科学家们正在进行的研究。 【16题详解】 前文“As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space. (随着太空旅行时间的延长，在太空中种植食物将是必要的)”提到在太空中种植食物的必要性，后文“Because of this, it’s not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away. (正因为如此，把长途旅行所需的所有东西都送去，只使用一次就扔掉是不现实的)”提到送上太空的物资不能是一次性的，因此D项“The cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram. (将任何东西送入太空的成本约为每公斤2.2万美元)”与下文构成因果关系，指出送物资上太空成本高昂，承上启下，后文的this指代选项内容。故选D。 【17题详解】 前文“Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things. (在太空旅行中，植物有多种用途。他们可以提供更多新鲜的东西)”指出太空中的植物用途很多，可以提供更多新鲜事物，F项“Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods. (宇航员将欢迎在他们的干粮中添加水果和蔬菜)”指出宇航员会喜欢吃到新鲜水果和蔬菜，承接上文，继续阐述太空中植物的用途，符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots don’t “know” to grow down, leaves don’t “know” to grow up, and water doesn’t easily travel up the roots to the leaves. (由于太空中缺乏重力，植物产生的氧气留在植物周围。这实际上会杀死它们，所以需要风扇来循环空气。没有重力，根‘不知道’向下生长，叶‘不知道’向上生长，水也不容易从根流向叶)”可知，在太空中种植植物面临各种挑战，如氧气的滞留、重力的缺失等；空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，应该与挑战相关；B项“However, there are challenges with growing plants in space. (然而，在太空中种植植物也存在挑战)”指出在太空中种植植物面临挑战，契合段落内容；上一段阐述太空植物的多种用途，B选项与上一段构成转折关系，符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 前文“Without gravity, roots don’t “know” to grow down, leaves don’t “know” to grow up, and water doesn’t easily travel up the roots to the leaves. (没有重力，根‘不知道’向下生长，叶‘不知道’向上生长，水也不容易从根流向叶)”指出由于缺乏重力，植物的根系和叶片生长方向会出现问题，因此E项“Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly. (专门的容器正在开发，以帮助植物正确生长)”符合语境，指出需要特殊的容器来帮助植物正确生长，承接前文。故选E。 【20题详解】 前文“They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. (他们正在努力使植物在太空中生长得更快，在更少的水和光的条件下生长，他们正在寻找使植物更抗病的方法)”提到科学家为了在太空中种植植物，围绕植物本身开展的各种研究，后文“Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. (想象一下，有一天沙漠可能会为当地人提供大量新鲜食物，从而节省运输成本。同样，抗病的植物可以提供重要的食物供应)”提到这些研究应用于地球环境时带来的用处，因此C项“Such methods may result in improvements back here on Earth. (这些方法可能会在地球上带来改进)”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Before graduation, I asked my adviser for feedback on areas where I could improve. It felt ____21____ to receive high marks for leadership, communication, and my ability to work independently. But when it ____22____ to attention to detail, she gave me an “OK.” As a scientist, that hurt a bit. At first, I ____23____ with this. But it’s true that focusing on the tiny details isn’t something I ____24____ excel at, or even enjoy as much as my ____25____ do. I knew all this at some level. Still, hearing it from my adviser pushed me to really____26____ my strengths and interest. So after I finished my Ph.D., I explored different ____27____. Being honest with myself about my strengths and interest ____28____ led me to my job in health care communications. In my current role, I help companies tell their ____29____. I take complex scientific information and turn it into something _____30_____ and engaging that non-scientists can understand. Looking back, I’m so grateful for that _____31_____ from my adviser, painful though it was, because it set my career on a new _____32_____. I think a lot of us get caught up in what we think we’re supposed to be good at, instead of focusing on what we’re _____33_____. For me, that feedback gave me _____34_____ to step away from the idea that I had to fit into a certain mold (模式) as a scientist. Instead, I _____35_____ a career that lets me use my strengths and do something I truly enjoy. 21. A. astonishing B. comforting C. convincing D. depressing 22. A. turned B. meant C. came D. started 23. A. agreed B. stayed C. ended D. struggled 24. A. naturally B. slightly C. physically D. sincerely 25. A. parents B. followers C. students D. classmates 26. A. part from B. show off C. reflect on D. give up 27. A. cities B. careers C. subjects D. universities 28. A. regularly B. straightly C. ultimately D. probably 29. A. jokes B. secrets C. truths D. stories 30. A. clear B. annoying C. uncertain D. tough 31. A. praise B. protest C. comment D. complaint 32. A. hook B. track C. coast D. edge 33. A. drawn to B. trained as C. accused of D. prevented from 34. A. criticism B. punishment C. forgiveness D. permission 35. A. quit B. found C. created D. required 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。毕业前，作者向导师询问自己可以在哪方面改进的意见时，导师在领导力、沟通能力和独立工作能力方面给了作者高分，但是当谈到注重细节时，导致给了作者一个“OK”，这让作者开始真正反思自己的优势和兴趣，最终找到了自己喜欢的工作。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在领导力、沟通能力和独立工作能力方面获得了高分，这让我感到很安慰。A. astonishing令人惊讶的；B. comforting安慰的；C. convincing令人信服的；D. depressing令人沮丧的。由下文“to receive high marks for leadership, communication, and my ability to work independently”可知，作者获得了高分，所以感到安慰，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当谈到注重细节时，她给了我一个“OK”。A. turned转动；B. meant意味着；C. came来；D. started开始。此处是固定句型，when it comes/came to意为“当谈到”，由下文“to attention to detail”可知，此处表示当谈到细节时，故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我为此苦苦挣扎。A. agreed同意；B. stayed停留；C. ended结束；D. struggled挣扎。由上文“As a scientist, that hurt a bit.”可知，在谈到注重细节方面，导师给作者的评价是“OK”，这让作者有些受伤，由此可知，作者最初为此苦苦挣扎，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但确实，关注微小细节并不是我天生擅长的事情，甚至不像我的同学那样喜欢。A. naturally自然而然地；天生地；B. slightly稍微地；C. physically身体上地；D. sincerely真诚地。由上文“attention to detail, she gave me an “OK.” ”和“But it’s true that focusing on the tiny details isn’t something”可知，关注微小细节并不是作者天生擅长的事情，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但确实，关注微小细节并不是我天生擅长的事情，甚至不像我的同学那样喜欢。A. parents父母；B. followers跟随者；C. students学生；D. classmates同学。由上文“Before graduation, I asked my adviser for feedback on areas where I could improve.”可知，作者是一名学生，由此可推知，此处指作者拿自己和同学作比较，故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，从我的导师那里听到的这句话促使我真正反思自己的优势和兴趣。A. part from与……分开；B. show off炫耀；C. reflect on反思；D. give up放弃。由上文“Still, hearing it from my adviser pushed me to really”和下文“my strengths and interest.”可知，导师的话让作者开始反思自己的优点和兴趣，故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以当我完成博士学位后，我探索了不同的职业。A. cities城市；B. careers事业；C. subjects科目；D. universities大学。由下文“led me to my job in health care communications”可知，作者在毕业后尝试了不同的职业，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：对自己诚实地对待自己的优势和兴趣最终使我找到了医疗保健传播领域的工作。A. regularly有规律地；B. straightly直接地；C. ultimately最后地；D. probably可能地。上文提到作者在毕业后尝试了不同的职业，结合下文“led me to my job in health care communications”可知，在尝试了很多职业后，最终作者选择了自己感兴趣的工作，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我目前的角色中，我帮助公司讲述它们的故事。A. jokes玩笑；B. secrets秘密；C. truths事实；D. stories故事。由下文“I take complex scientific information and turn it, into something __10____and engaging that non-scientists can understand.”可知，目前作者的角色是帮助公司讲述它们的故事，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我将复杂的科学信息转化为非科学家可以理解的清晰且引人入胜的内容。A. clear清楚的；B. annoying令人恼怒的；C. uncertain不确定的；D. tough艰难的。由下文“engaging that non-scientists can understand.”可知，为了让非科学家理解，作者将复杂的科学信息转化，以便他们能清楚地理解，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我非常感谢我的导师的评论，尽管它很痛苦，因为它让我的职业生涯走上了一条新的轨道。A. praise赞美；B. protest抗议；C. comment评论；D. complaint抱怨。由第一段中“Before graduation, I asked my adviser for feedback on areas where I could improve.”和“But when it ___2__to attention to detail, she gave me an “OK.” As a scientist, that hurt a bit.”导师对作者的评价可知，此处指作者很感谢当初导师对自己的评价，故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我非常感谢我的导师的评论，尽管它很痛苦，因为它让我的职业生涯走上了一条新的轨道。A. hook挂钩；B. track轨道；C. coast海岸；D. edge边缘。由上文“because it set my career on a new”以及上文提到作者找到了自己感兴趣的领域可知，导师对自己的评价让作者的职业生涯走上了新的轨道，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我认为我们很多人都陷入了我们认为自己应该擅长的事情，而不是专注于吸引我们的事情。A. (be) drawn to被吸引；B. (be) trained as被训练为；C. (be) accused of被指控；D. (be) prevented from被阻止。由下文“I____15__ a career that lets me use my strengths and do something I truly enjoy.”可知，作者认为我们很多人没有关注于吸引我们，即我们自己所喜欢的事，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这种反馈让我摆脱了作为科学家必须适应某种模式的想法。A. criticism批评；B. punishment惩罚；C. forgiveness原谅；D. permission允许。由下文“to step away from the idea that I had to fit into a certain mold (模式) as a scientist”可知，导师的评价允许作者摆脱了作为科学家必须适应某种模式的想法，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我找到了一份可以让我发挥自己的优势并做我真正喜欢的事情的职业。A. quit停止；B. found发现；找到；C. created创造；D. required要求。由下文“ a career that lets me use my strengths and do something I truly enjoy.”可知，作者找到了自己真正喜欢做的职业，故选B。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Instead of crowding into popular overcrowded tourist spots for holidays, a growing number of holidaymakers in China are spending their leisure time at lesser-known resorts ____36____(seek) unique, relaxed holiday experiences.“Reverse tourism”____37____(emerge) as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China recently. During the week-long public holiday,____38____ ended on Oct 7, large numbers of vacationers, especially young professionals who long to escape busy city life, avoided popular holiday destinations in order to get off the____39____(beat) track and enjoy some peace and quiet. According to data from online travel agency Qunar,____40____number of rooms booked at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Some young professionals who normally have little time for____41____(they) simply had a staycation in a hotel to make the much-awaited break____42____(relaxing). Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips____43____ popular destinations, which often involve pricey tickets, meals, and hotel stays. In addition, lesser-known attractions are not as“commercial” and “standardized” as ____44____(develop) ones and are able to offer more authentic experiences and natural encounters, according to social media posts. And unlike popular destinations, some underexplored places with little online_____45_____(expose) can offer more surprises. 【答案】36. to seek 37. has emerged 38. which 39. beaten 40. the 41. themselves 42. more relaxing 43. to 44. developed 45. exposure 【解析】 【导语】主要说明了如今国内兴起反向旅游热潮，年轻人避开热门景区，偏爱小众冷门地点度假，既能省钱享清静，还能体验原生态风情，收获别样出游乐趣。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国，越来越多的度假者不再涌入那些人满为患的热门旅游景点度假，而是选择前往一些不太知名的度假胜地，以寻求独特且轻松的度假体验。此处seek作目的状语用不定式。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：“反向旅游”最近已成为中国年轻游客中的一种新趋势。根据recently可知为现在完成时，主语为Reverse tourism，助动词用has。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在为期一周的公共假期（于 10 月 7 日结束）期间，大量度假者纷纷离开热门旅游景点，尤其是那些渴望远离繁忙都市生活、渴望远离喧嚣寻求宁静的年轻人。他们选择避开热门旅游地，去一些人迹罕至的地方，享受片刻的宁静与平和。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词holiday，在从句作主语，指物，故用which。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在为期一周的公共假期（于 10 月 7 日结束）期间，大量度假者纷纷离开热门旅游景点，尤其是那些渴望远离繁忙都市生活、渴望远离喧嚣寻求宁静的年轻人。他们选择避开热门旅游地，去一些人迹罕至的地方，享受片刻的宁静与平和。修饰track用形容词beaten。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：根据在线旅游网站去哪儿网提供的数据，在这个假期期间，前往那些游客较少的城市的酒店预订房间数量同比增长了 30%。短语the number of表示“……的数量”。 【41题详解】 考查代词。句意：一些平时几乎没有时间独处的年轻职场人士，干脆选择在酒店里度过了一段“居家度假”时光，以让期待已久的休息时间变得更加惬意。此处表示“他们自己”用反身代词themselves。 【42题详解】 考查比较级。句意：一些平时几乎没有时间独处的年轻职场人士，干脆选择在酒店里度过了一段“居家度假”时光，以让期待已久的休息时间变得更加惬意。此处表示“更加放松”用比较级more relaxing作宾语补足语。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：除了人潮拥挤的旅游景点外，一些游客还选择前往一些人迹罕至的地方，以节省前往热门旅游目的地的费用。这些热门目的地通常需要支付高昂的机票、餐饮和住宿费用。trip to sp.表示“去往某地的旅行”。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：此外，据社交媒体上的帖子所述，那些不太知名的景点不像那些成熟的景点那样“商业化”和“标准化”，它们能够提供更真实、更自然的体验和接触机会。修饰ones用形容词developed，表示“成熟的”。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：而且与那些热门旅游目的地不同，一些未被充分开发、在网络上曝光度较低的地方可能会带来更多惊喜。作介词的宾语，用名词exposure。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，是校学生会主席。在中国文化遗产日(Chinese Cultural Heritage Day)到来之际，请根据下面的写作提示，给同学们写一封英语倡议书发表在校英语报上，内容包括： 1. 保护文化遗产(cultural heritage)的重要性； 2. 可采取的措施；3. 发出呼吁。 注意: 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ the Students’ Union 【答案】例文 Dear fellow students, As Chinese Cultural Heritage Day is approaching, I’m calling on all of you to take action. Cultural heritage is a very important resource. It is an important way for people to understand the ancient civilization. However, some cultural relics in our country are in danger of disappearing. So how to protect them has become an urgent need. In my opinion, firstly, people’s awareness of protecting cultural relics should be improved. Secondly, the government should shoulder the main responsibility to protect them. Moreover, as students, we can help to raise money for protecting cultural relics. Let us join hands together to protect our splendid ancient civilization. the Students’ Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以校学生会主席李华的身份，在中国文化遗产日到来之际，给同学们写一封英语倡议书，发表在校英语报上，内容涵盖保护文化遗产的重要性、可采取的措施以及发出呼吁。 【详解】1.词汇积累 接近：approach → draw near 呼吁：call on → appeal to 理解：understand → comprehend 消失：disappear → vanish 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：However, some cultural relics in our country are in danger of disappearing. 拓展句：However, it is a fact that some cultural relics in our country are in danger of disappearing. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In my opinion, firstly, people’s awareness of protecting cultural relics should be improved.（运用了动名词protecting作宾语 ） 【高分句型2】Moreover, as students, we can help to raise money for protecting cultural relics.（运用了不定式to raise作宾语、动名词protecting作宾语 ） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “John, come on! We’ve got to get going!” my older sister Anna yelled up the stairs. Anna and I fought about everything. She used the bathroom too long, she ate my snacks, and she always acted like the perfect older sister. She was on the track team, got good grades, and had tons of friends. Mom and Dad were always saying, “Why can’t you be more like your sister?” Trust me, I heard it enough. Why would anyone pick exercise over pajamas (睡衣)? It puzzled me. I’m really not that into sports. So, when Anna heard I was running the Turkey Trot this year, the look on her face — “You? Running?” I’ll never forget it. I stumbled down to the car where Anna was already seated and Dad was eating a chocolate bar. “Gotta fuel up,” he said. “Want one, John?” “I just need to wake up,” I said. “Why is it still dark? Is this even legal? You think this is fun?” “Of course it’s fun,” Anna cut in. “Don’t you know that exercise in the morning is one of the healthiest things you can do?” I stopped listening. She could be such a know-it-all sometimes. When we got to the race, I was shocked how many people were there. It wasn’t long before the announcer started the countdown. Anna plugged in her AirPods and went off with the crowd. Dad found his friends and joined them. I was determined to run on my own. Just keep going, just keep going, I told myself. I hated to admit it, but maybe Anna had been right about morning exercise. After the first mile and a half, I was feeling amazing—until my leg began to feel funny. It felt like nails were poking my right leg. My muscles began twitching uncontrollably. No, no, no, not a cramp (抽筋)! Before I could decide, my body chose for me. I couldn’t take one more step. I struggled to the side of the road and sat down, trying to shake it off. This can’t be happening, I thought. Then I heard footsteps behind me. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It was Anna, jogging back toward me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As we crossed the finish line, Anna asked, “One more time next year?” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: It was Anna, jogging back toward me. “What are you doing here?” I asked. “You should be at the finish line!” “I got to the two-mile mark and didn’t see you,” she said, breathing hard. “I got worried. Are you okay?” Anna knelt down beside me. She gently stretched my leg and offered me her hand. I took it, and she helped me up. For the rest part, Anna stayed by my side. She slowed her pace to match mine. She talked me through the pain, telling me when to walk and when to jog again. “You’re doing great, John. Just keep going. I’m right here.” As we crossed the finish line, Anna asked, “One more time next year?” “Yeah,” I said. And for the first time, I meant it. Dad was at the finish line, cheering for us. Anna threw an arm around my shoulder, saying “Not bad for your first race, little brother.” After the race, I couldn’t stop thinking about how Anna had given up her race to help me. I started to look at my sister differently and realized something: I hadn’t just learned to love running. I had learned to love having her as my sister. Sometimes the best things in life aren’t about winning — they’re about who’s running beside you. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了约翰和姐姐安娜总是吵架，约翰不喜欢运动，却报名参加了火鸡慢跑比赛，比赛中约翰腿部抽筋无法继续，正当他无助时，听到身后有脚步声的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“是安娜，正慢跑着朝我回来。”可知，第一段可描写安娜担心约翰而折返，询问他的状况，帮他拉伸腿部、扶他起身，放慢速度陪着他一起继续比赛，鼓励他坚持下去。 ②由第二段首句内容“当我们冲过终点线时，安娜问：“明年再来一次？””可知，第二段可描写约翰爽快答应，爸爸在终点线为他们欢呼，约翰领悟到安娜的心意，改变了对姐姐的看法，明白陪伴比输赢更重要。 2. 续写线索：安娜折返——关心询问、帮助拉伸——扶起身、陪跑鼓励——一起冲过终点线——安娜邀请明年再参加——约翰答应、领悟陪伴的意义 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①拉伸：stretch/pull ②扶起我：help me up/lift me up ③冲过：cross/run through 情绪类 ①担心的：worried/anxious 【点睛】[高分句型1] She talked me through the pain, telling me when to walk and when to jog again.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） [高分句型2] Sometimes the best things in life aren’t about winning — they’re about who’s running beside you.（运用了who引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 明德中学2026年上学期期中考试 高二年级英语试卷 时量: 120分钟 满分: 150分 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What happened to the man? A. He was fined by his company. B. He had a business failure. C. He lost his job. 2. What did the man forget to do today? A. Watch a show. B. Walk the dog. C. Practice the piano. 3. How many courses does the woman have in the morning? A. Two. B. Three. C. Five. 4. What does the woman need help with? A. Buying some medicine. B. Finding a drugstore. C. Getting groceries. 5. What is the woman's problem? A. She lacks imagination. B. She manages time badly. C. She has difficulty focusing. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. The man's trip preparations. B. The man's emergency funds. C. The man's credit limit. 7. How much cash has the man prepared for his trip? A.200 euros. B.300 euros. C.500 euros. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. Why is the woman nervous? A. It's been years since her last race. B. She hasn't trained for two months. C. She suffered an injury before. 9. What's the man's advice? A. Doing enough warm-up. B. Adjusting based on the race. C. Keeping a comfortable pace. 10. What is the man mainly doing for the woman? A. Building her confidence. B. Planning her recovery. C. Comforting her after the race. 听第8段材料，回答第11至 13题。 11. Where is the conversation taking place? A. In a hotel apartment. B. On a beach. C. In a café. 12. What drink does the woman want? A. Juice. B. Water. C. Coffee. 13. What are the speakers going to do tonight? A. Read magazines. B. Have a group dinner. C. Use a coffee machine. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teammates. B. Professor and student. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 15. Why is the newly discovered dinosaur special? A. It stands on three legs. B. It likes eating leaves. C. It has two fingers. 16. What will the woman discuss next? A. Another dinosaur species. B. Her next research region. C. Dinosaurs moving between regions. 听第 10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What do we know about Barnard's star? A. It's bigger than the Sun. B. It's younger than the Sun. C. It's cooler than the Sun. 18. Why is Barnard's Star hard to observe? A. Its brightness is low. B. It's too close to the Sun. C. It has millions of planets. 19. What does the speaker think of the universe? A. It is full of the unknown. B. It is largely explored. C. It is multi-centered. 20. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Scientists. B. Students. C. News reporters 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Frequently Asked Questions about London Theatres London has a world-leading theatre scene, and it’s particularly strong when it comes to family shows. Read the FAQ to make your family theatre trip a pleasant one. Can children go to all theatres? Most shows are suitable for people aged 12 or older. Some productions might have material that is too mature for younger theatregoers. However, there are also fantastic family shows which are appropriate for all ages, or which are specifically aimed at kids. Are children booster seats available? Some theatres, though not all, provide booster seats-for example, Nederlander theatres rent height-adjustable seats for £1 if you ask a member of staff. They are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Some venues will also have height restrictions so that audience sitting behind you can still see. Are there frequent breaks throughout the duration of a performance? If it’s a show for a general audience, there will usually be one or two intervals based on the running time. Most shows designed specifically for younger audiences will have short running times, like an hour or less. Can I bring my own snacks and drinks into the theatre? Most theatres won’t allow you to bring your own snacks and drinks. They sell food and drink in the theatre and that’s part of how they bring in profit. If you have concerns about dietary requirements, you can contact the theatre beforehand to make arrangements. Find all the latest recommendations and more information about the rules on Telegraph Tickets, or check with the box office. 1. Where is the text probably from? A. A theatre guide. B. A drama review. C. A show advertisement. D. A performance schedule. 2. Which best describes booster seats? A. Found in every theatre. B. Provided free of charge. C. Required by safety rules. D. Offered in limited number. 3. What are the theatres’ concerns behind their food policies? A. Financial gain. B. Food safety. C. Cleaning cost. D. Audience experience. B When Sandra Mejia received news in 2023 that her beloved plant store, Plant Chica, had to close within 90 days, her heart sank. The store — first opened as a pop-up store in 2018 and later turned into a greenhouse in a repurposed auto body shop — had become a gathering spot for locals. Although business was slow during the winter of 2023, Mejia was always feeling positive about the store because having a physical store was her dream.“We were having a really hard time letting go of it,” said Mejia. “I felt like I was never going to find anything as special as that space.” But hope arrived unexpectedly. A community organization read about her story and reached out. Robbie Lee, from a local nonprofit organization, thought Mejia might be a good fit for what his organization was trying to build in Leimert Park. “She seemed to have some strong connection to the South L.A. community,” Lee explained. He believed Mejia’s passion matched their vision for a cultural center in Los Angeles. So, he decided to help her find a new place. After viewing several locations, Mejia discovered a suitable place. In late 2024, the new Plant Chica opened. The redesigned greenhouse, with gravel paths and a weather-resistant dome (圆屋顶), became an instant favorite. The new space is special for another reason: The open space allows Mejia to more easily facilitate the community events and cooperation she is known for. When Amorette Brooms, a fellow small business owner, faced the closure of her business, Mejia offered her free space at Plant Chica. This action turned into a sustainable model: currently, four local marketers operate their businesses rent-free within the greenhouse. “This model gives small businesses a chance to grow,” Brooms said. For Mejia, Plant Chica is more than a plant store. It's proof that when people come together, beautiful things grow. Reflecting on her journey, Mejia shared, “My son cut the ribbon at both stores. That's the lesson - when things get tough, don't give up. Find new paths forward.” 4. How did Sandra Mejia feel about the news in 2023? A. Excited about making a change. B. Depressed and completely at a loss. C. Indifferent due to slow winter sales. D. Relieved to end the struggling business. 5. What made Robbie Lee determined to help Mejia? A. Her knowledge of gardening. B. Her chance of drawing visitors. C. Her cultural ties and community spirit. D. Her experience in running businesses. 6. What is the key benefit of Mejia’s rental model according to Brooms? A. It greatly increases Plant Chica’s profits. B. It makes her store a popular check-in spot. C. It promotes competition among businesses. D. It helps small businesses to survive and grow. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Plant Chica’s Rebirth: Unity and Hope B. A Greenhouse’s Architectural Transformation C. A New Running Model for Plant Chica D. Surviving Challenges: Small Businesses in Crisis C Self-confidence means trusting our abilities and is generally regarded as positive. But is it possible that we might benefit from a little less confidence in our beliefs? For many years, Dr. Mark Leary, a neuroscientist at Duke University, has studied the role of people’s beliefs in their behavior. He found overconfidence is very common, especially in personal beliefs, and can lead us to disastrous decisions. In 1986, NASA put space flight loss risk at roughly 1 in 100,000. It was an overconfident belief and might have led to the explosion of the Challenger. The good news is that there’s a “vaccine (疫苗)” for overconfidence, and that’s what scientists call“intellectual humility (谦逊)” — recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong. A survey of 144 college students to measure their intellectual humility found that students who saw their thinking could be wrong tended to be more curious and more likely to seek out new knowledge. They ended up knowing more at the end of the day. But does it actually help you beyond that? To find out more, Dr. Tenelle Porter at Ball State University conducted a series of studies with high school students. She found that students with intellectual humility were much more likely to test themselves to see whether they really understood the material and seek out potential knowledge gaps. When they got test scores, they’d change their study strategies to improve their performance and master the material for the next test. Students who didn’t see their knowledge could be wrong might instead just sail through their studying and wouldn’t stop to ask themselves if they truly understood the material. Such students thought they got a subject down pat, they found they didn’t actually understand as much as they had thought. Although it might be good for you, researchers recognize that questioning your beliefs can be truly hard. Still, it’s important to remember that questioning beliefs isn’t always about replacing old ones with new ones. If you find it hard to question a belief, try taking “baby steps.” 8. Why does the author mention the explosion of the Challenger? A. To express his sorrow for the loss. B. To stress the high risk of space flights. C. To give an example of overconfidence. D. To show the result of wrong operation. 9. What do we know about intellectual humility according to Porter’s research? A. It encouraged students to take exams. B. It urged students to gain recognition. C. It motivated students to memorize knowledge. D. It helped students to adjust learning methods. 10. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the students mentioned ________. A. try to avoid difficult learning tasks B. hold an unrealistic opinion of their learning C. refuse to spend much time on their learning D. have wrong methods of learning new lessons 11. What will probably be discussed in the following paragraphs? A. Why questioning our belief is hard. B. Why intellectual humility is helpful. C. How to become a confident person. D. How to practice intellectual humility. D A new study published in the Journal of Applied Ecology revealed when, where and how most songbirds migrate offshore over North American coasts. This data can help wind energy managers cut down on birds dying from hitting wind turbines (涡轮机) while generating sustainable energy. The researchers studied 10 years of weather radar data from 16 sites and found that birds flying over the Atlantic Coast and the Gulf of Mexico gather more closely and move for a shorter time than those flying over land. More birds also migrate in fall than in spring. Shannon Curley, the study’s lead researcher, explained, “Birds migrate over the sea on fewer nights than over land. There’s no place to rest and refuel on the water, so birds may wait for ideal atmospheric conditions, such as favorable winds, before making an offshore crossing.” This short yet critical time window gives wind energy managers a chance to reduce collisions (相撞). Curley said they could pause turbine work on nights when migration is most intense-a practice that is currently more common in Europe than North America. “These peak nights of migration tend to have fairly nice weather and calmer winds, and are therefore not the nights when wind operators have a huge energy harvest,” Curley noted. “So there might be a sweet spot where we can target these big migration nights and give these birds safe passage.” The study also found that songbirds migrating offshore fly at lower altitudes than those migrating over land, potentially putting them at greater risk of wind turbine collisions. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service says 140,000 to 327,000 birds die from land turbines each year. But no one knows how many die from offshore turbines, since dead birds’ bodies wash away easily. So using radar technology to identify high-risk areas is key. With one-third of all American bird species rapidly declining, data-driven decisions about turbine siting and operations can point the way to sustainable energy while also saving birds. “Our hope is that this work will help identify high-risk, high-use areas for birds and contribute to positive green energy solutions,” Curley said. 12. What can we learn about the songbirds in paragraph 2? A. They favor flying over open seas. B. They become more active on spring nights. C. They are particular about where to rest. D. They time crossings by weather conditions. 13. What does the underlined phrase “a sweet spot” refer to? A. An ideal balance. B. A moral dilemma C. An opportunity for profit. D. A place without turbines 14. Why is it difficult to identify high-risk areas offshore? A. Birds change their travelling routes. B. Wind strength at sea is unpredictable. C. Dead birds’ bodies are hard to trace. D. Radar technology is underdeveloped. 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Radar changes songbird migration study. B. Study balances energy and bird protection. C. North America tests bird-smart wind practices. D. Offshore turbines kill more birds than land ones. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Gardening 380 Kilometers above Earth Astronauts have to go through physical, psychological, and technical training. They also go through training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants. Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isn’t a new idea. As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space. ____16____ Because of this, it’s not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away. Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things. ____17____ Also, plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen. They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraft — the only air the astronauts can breathe. ____18____ Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots don’t “know” to grow down, leaves don’t “know” to grow up, and water doesn’t easily travel up the roots to the leaves. ____19____ Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (胶) are used to help plant growth. Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. ____20____ Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. With the world’s population now at seven billion (十亿) people, our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions. A. Every plant grown in space must have several uses. B. However, there are challenges with growing plants in space. C. Such methods may result in improvements back here on Earth. D. The cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram. E. Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly. F. Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods. G. Currently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks and then caught again so it can be reused. 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Before graduation, I asked my adviser for feedback on areas where I could improve. It felt ____21____ to receive high marks for leadership, communication, and my ability to work independently. But when it ____22____ to attention to detail, she gave me an “OK.” As a scientist, that hurt a bit. At first, I ____23____ with this. But it’s true that focusing on the tiny details isn’t something I ____24____ excel at, or even enjoy as much as my ____25____ do. I knew all this at some level. Still, hearing it from my adviser pushed me to really____26____ my strengths and interest. So after I finished my Ph.D., I explored different ____27____. Being honest with myself about my strengths and interest ____28____ led me to my job in health care communications. In my current role, I help companies tell their ____29____. I take complex scientific information and turn it into something _____30_____ and engaging that non-scientists can understand. Looking back, I’m so grateful for that _____31_____ from my adviser, painful though it was, because it set my career on a new _____32_____. I think a lot of us get caught up in what we think we’re supposed to be good at, instead of focusing on what we’re _____33_____. For me, that feedback gave me _____34_____ to step away from the idea that I had to fit into a certain mold (模式) as a scientist. Instead, I _____35_____ a career that lets me use my strengths and do something I truly enjoy. 21. A. astonishing B. comforting C. convincing D. depressing 22. A. turned B. meant C. came D. started 23. A. agreed B. stayed C. ended D. struggled 24. A. naturally B. slightly C. physically D. sincerely 25. A. parents B. followers C. students D. classmates 26. A. part from B. show off C. reflect on D. give up 27. A. cities B. careers C. subjects D. universities 28. A. regularly B. straightly C. ultimately D. probably 29. A. jokes B. secrets C. truths D. stories 30. A. clear B. annoying C. uncertain D. tough 31. A. praise B. protest C. comment D. complaint 32. A. hook B. track C. coast D. edge 33. A. drawn to B. trained as C. accused of D. prevented from 34. A. criticism B. punishment C. forgiveness D. permission 35. A. quit B. found C. created D. required 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Instead of crowding into popular overcrowded tourist spots for holidays, a growing number of holidaymakers in China are spending their leisure time at lesser-known resorts ____36____(seek) unique, relaxed holiday experiences.“Reverse tourism”____37____(emerge) as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China recently. During the week-long public holiday,____38____ ended on Oct 7, large numbers of vacationers, especially young professionals who long to escape busy city life, avoided popular holiday destinations in order to get off the____39____(beat) track and enjoy some peace and quiet. According to data from online travel agency Qunar,____40____number of rooms booked at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Some young professionals who normally have little time for____41____(they) simply had a staycation in a hotel to make the much-awaited break____42____(relaxing). Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips____43____ popular destinations, which often involve pricey tickets, meals, and hotel stays. In addition, lesser-known attractions are not as“commercial” and “standardized” as ____44____(develop) ones and are able to offer more authentic experiences and natural encounters, according to social media posts. And unlike popular destinations, some underexplored places with little online_____45_____(expose) can offer more surprises. 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，是校学生会主席。在中国文化遗产日(Chinese Cultural Heritage Day)到来之际，请根据下面的写作提示，给同学们写一封英语倡议书发表在校英语报上，内容包括： 1. 保护文化遗产(cultural heritage)的重要性； 2. 可采取的措施；3. 发出呼吁。 注意: 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ the Students’ Union 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “John, come on! We’ve got to get going!” my older sister Anna yelled up the stairs. Anna and I fought about everything. She used the bathroom too long, she ate my snacks, and she always acted like the perfect older sister. She was on the track team, got good grades, and had tons of friends. Mom and Dad were always saying, “Why can’t you be more like your sister?” Trust me, I heard it enough. Why would anyone pick exercise over pajamas (睡衣)? It puzzled me. I’m really not that into sports. So, when Anna heard I was running the Turkey Trot this year, the look on her face — “You? Running?” I’ll never forget it. I stumbled down to the car where Anna was already seated and Dad was eating a chocolate bar. “Gotta fuel up,” he said. “Want one, John?” “I just need to wake up,” I said. “Why is it still dark? Is this even legal? You think this is fun?” “Of course it’s fun,” Anna cut in. “Don’t you know that exercise in the morning is one of the healthiest things you can do?” I stopped listening. She could be such a know-it-all sometimes. When we got to the race, I was shocked how many people were there. It wasn’t long before the announcer started the countdown. Anna plugged in her AirPods and went off with the crowd. Dad found his friends and joined them. I was determined to run on my own. Just keep going, just keep going, I told myself. I hated to admit it, but maybe Anna had been right about morning exercise. After the first mile and a half, I was feeling amazing—until my leg began to feel funny. It felt like nails were poking my right leg. My muscles began twitching uncontrollably. No, no, no, not a cramp (抽筋)! Before I could decide, my body chose for me. I couldn’t take one more step. I struggled to the side of the road and sat down, trying to shake it off. This can’t be happening, I thought. Then I heard footsteps behind me. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It was Anna, jogging back toward me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As we crossed the finish line, Anna asked, “One more time next year?” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $