Unit 1 People of Achievement Discovering Useful Structures 非限制性定语从句 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语课件聚焦非限制性定语从句，通过句子对比和例句分析关系词功能导入，从关系词分类、作用过渡到非限制性概念、特征及与限制性的对比，构建从基础到应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于结合语言能力培养，融入高考真题实例提升语境运用能力，通过对比表格和核心特征分析发展思维品质，分层实战练习助力学习能力提升。教师可借助系统资源高效教学，学生能增强语法应用和写作表达能力。

Unit 1 People of Achievement Discover Useful Structures 新人教版选择性必修一 By the end of this unit, you will be able to: 1. learn how to analyse and identify the uses of relative clauses; 2. use what you have learnt in the previous activities to combine sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses; 3. use what you have learnt in the previous activities to express your own ideas or opinions by using non-restrictive relative clauses. Learning objectives: 句子 A： The woman who is receiving the prize is Tu Youyou. 将要获得奖项的那个女人是屠呦呦 句子 B： The woman is Tu Youyou，who is receiving the prize. 那个女人是屠呦呦，她将要获得奖项 Lead-in 1.7.2013 ‹#› What are the functions of these relative words Lead-in 1. My mother, who is a teacher, loves reading books. 2. The Eiffel Tower, which is located in Paris, attracts millions of tourists every year. 3. Tom, whom I met at the party last night, is a famous writer. 4. The book, whose cover is red, belongs to my sister. 5. He passed the exam, which made his parents very happy. 6. We visited the Great Wall, where we took many photos. 7. She arrived at 8 p.m., when the meeting had already started. 8. The reason he gave, which seemed quite reasonable, was accepted by everyone. Appreciate the following sentence. Lead-in The woman who is receiving the prize is Tu Youyou. 定语从句 先行词 关系词 关系词的作用： 引导作用（引导定语从句） 替代作用（替代先行词） 在定语从句中充当某个成分的作用 who, whom, which, that, whose, as 关系代词 where, when, why 关系副词 定语从句在高考中的考点及运用 语法填空：填写正确的关系词 写作：运用定语从句，增加文章亮点，提高文章档次 非限制性定语从句往往是对先行词或整个主句进行附加说明，主从句的关系并不十分密切，如果省略非限制性定语从句，主句的意义仍然完整清楚。从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。 Grammar 非限制性定语从句 概念 My brother, who is an engineer, works in Germany. (我的哥哥在德国工作，他是一名工程师。) 👉去掉非限制性定语从句后，意思依然完整、成立！ 1.7.2013 ‹#› 非限制性定语从句的关系词 关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 who 人 主语 The scientist, who won the prize, is Tu Youyou. whom 人 宾语 The professor, whom we met, will lecture. whose 人 / 物 定语 Einstein, whose theory changed the world, was a genius. which 物 / 整个主句 主 / 宾 / 表 The book, which I bought, is interesting. / He passed, which made us happy. when 时间名词 时间状语 In 2015, when she won, she became famous. where 地点名词 地点状语 Beijing, where she lives, is a big city. 关系词用法全攻略： who / whom （指人） My neighbor, who is a policeman, is very helpful. (我的邻居是个警察，他非常乐于助人。) 在从句中作宾语(Object)，不能省略 My sister, whom you met yesterday, will go abroad. 我姐姐你昨天见过，她要出国了。 在从句中作主语(Subject) 1.7.2013 了解了基本特征后，我们来系统学习关系词的用法。当先行词指人时，我们用who作主语，whom作宾语，whose表示所属关系。大家可以看这几个例子，感受一下它们在句子中的具体用法。 ‹#› 关系词用法全攻略： which (指物) 作主语 (Subject) The book, which was written by a teenager, has become a bestseller. 那本书是一个青少年写的，已经成了畅销书。 作宾语 (Object) The book, which I bought last week, is very interesting. 这本书我上周买的，很有意思。 1.7.2013 当先行词指物时，我们通常使用which，它既可以在从句中作主语，也可以作宾语。记住，这里绝对不能用that。通过这两个例子，我们可以清楚地看到which在不同成分中的应用。 ‹#› 关系词用法全攻略： which 指代整个主句 当主句表达一个完整的事件时，从句可以用which来指代整个事件，对其进行评论或说明结果。此时，which 通常位于句末，逗号隔开。 He won the first prize, which surprised everyone. 他得了一等奖，这件事让所有人都很惊讶。 She forgot to call me, which made me a little angry. 她忘了给我打电话，这件事让我有点生气。 1.7.2013 这是一个非常重要且高频的考点：which可以指代前面一整个句子。它用来对前面发生的事情进行评论或说明结果。比如，他得了一等奖，这件事让大家很惊讶。这里的which就指代“他得了一等奖”这件事。大家可以观察两个例句，which都是放在句末，指代前面整句话的内容，而不是单个名词，这是它最核心的特征。 ‹#› 关系词用法全攻略： whose 指人 = of whom whose 指物 = of which 关系代词whose不仅能指代人，也可以指代物（如物品、地点、时间等），表达“……的”这一所属关系。可以灵活转换为`of which`(指物) 或`of whom`(指人) 的结构，丰富句式表达。 指人: The girl, whose father is a doctor, is my classmate. =The girl, the father of whom is a doctor, is my classmate. (那个女孩是我的同学，她的父亲是一名医生。) 指物: The house, whose windows are broken, is unoccupied. = The house, the windows of which are broken, is unoccupied. 那栋窗户破了的房子目前无人居住。 1.7.2013 我们之前学过whose可以指人，其实它也可以指物，表示所属关系。当它指物时，可以和“of which”结构互换。比如这个例子，“房子的窗户”，我们可以说“whose windows”，也可以说“the windows of which”。大家可以根据个人习惯或表达的需要，灵活选择使用哪种句式。 ‹#› 关系词用法全攻略：地点 where / 时间 when 📍 where (指代地点) We visited the Summer Palace, where we saw many ancient buildings. (我们参观了颐和园，在那里我们看到了许多古建筑。) ⏳ when (指代时间) I will never forget the day, when I first came to this school. (我永远不会忘记我第一次来这所学校的那一天。) 1.7.2013 最后，当先行词是地点时，我们用where；当先行词是时间时，我们用when。注意，它们引导的同样是非限制性定语从句，所以前面一定有逗号。 ‹#› as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 关系代词 意义 从句位置 as 正如，就像 可位于句首、句中或句末 which 这一点，这/那 一般位于所修饰词或句之后 As we all know, the earth is round. 众所周知，地球是圆的。 The plan, as we expected, worked well.正如我们所预料的，这个计划进展顺利。 He is late again, as is often the case.他又迟到了，这是常有的事。 The book, which I bought yesterday, is very interesting.我昨天买的那本书很有趣。 对比辨析：限制性 vs. 非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 (Restrictive) 非限制性定语从句 (Non-restrictive) 逗号 主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿。 与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。 关系词 that, which, who, whom，when, where, why which, who, whom, whose, when, where 省略规则 关系词作宾语时可以省略 关系词在任何情况下都不能省略 核心作用 & 翻译 限定范围 (必要成分，缺一不可)，通常译作“……的” 补充说明 (附加信息，删去不影响)，通常另起一句翻译 先行词 只能是名词或代词 可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子 例句对比 1. The students who work hard will succeed. 努力学习的学生将会成功 2. The students, who work hard, will succeed. 这些学生学习都很努力，他们将会成功 1.7.2013 我们再来看一个经典的对比。第一句话没有逗号，意思是“努力的学生才会成功”，限定了范围。第二句话有逗号，意思是“这些学生都很努力，他们会成功”，是补充说明。一个逗号，天差地别。 ‹#› 核心特征 01 / 有逗号分隔 📌 规则：非限制性定语从句与主句之间，必须用逗号隔开，以表示两者是相对独立的补充关系。 Shakespeare, whois a great writer, created many famous plays. （莎士比亚是一位伟大的作家，他创作了许多著名的戏剧。） 核心特征 02 / 先行词的特殊性 📌 规则：先行词通常是专有名词、独一无二的人或物、已被限定的名词（如 this, my），或指代整个主句。 Beijing, where I was born, is a beautiful city. （北京，也就是我出生的地方，是一座美丽的城市。） 核心特征 03 / 不能用 that 📌 规则：关系代词不能用 that。指人用who/whom，指物用which。 This is my car, which I bought last year × This is my car, that I bought last year. 核心特征 04/不能用 why 📌规则：当先行词是 reason 时，不能用 why 引导非限制性定语从句，要用for which来代替。 He didn't tell me the reason, for which he was absent. × He didn't tell me the reason, why he was absent. 核心特征 05. 关系代词不能省略 📝 语法规则：在非限制性定语从句中，无论关系代词在从句中作主语还是宾语，都不能省略。这与限制性定语从句有显著区别。 The man, whom you met at the party, is my boss. × The man, you met at the party, is my boss. (whom 在从句中作宾语，但仍需保留) 核心特征 06. 翻译技巧：另起一句 💡 翻译法则：非限制性定语从句通常表达补充说明的含义，在翻译成中文时，建议将从句部分单独翻译成一句话，而不是译成“……的”结构。 He lent me a dictionary, which was very useful. 他借给我一本词典，这本词典非常有用。 ❌ 他借给我一本非常有用的词典 01. 逗号后绝不接 that！ 💡 翻译法则：非限制性定语从句通常表达补充说明的含义，在翻译成中文时，建议将从句部分单独翻译成一句话，而不是译成“……的”结构。 He gave me a book, which is very interesting. ❌ He gave me a book, that is very interesting. 非限制性定语从句需要注意的问题 02.非限制性定语从句常常位于句末，但也可位于句中，这时前后都需要用逗号与主句隔开 Disneyland, which consists of several theme areas, is a popular tourist destination. 迪士尼乐园是颇受欢迎的旅游目的地，包含好几个主题园区。 非限制性定语从句需要注意的问题 03. “介词 + which（物）/whom（人）”也可以引导非限制性定语从句。 （不能用 that） The colourless gas, without which we can’t live, is called oxygen. 这种无色的气体就是氧气，离了它我们无法生存。 非限制性定语从句需要注意的问题 语法解析：句中的 which 指代的是“colourless gas” ：把从句中与先行词搭配的介词提前。 04. “名词/代词/数词+介词of+关系代词”引导的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句 •Julie is good at German, French and Russian, all of which she speaks fluently. • 朱莉擅长德语、法语和俄语，所有这些语言她说得都很流利。 •Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week. • 她的两个儿子每周都给她打电话，他们都在国外工作。 •In our class there are 46 students, half of whom wear glasses. • 我们班有46名学生，其中一半戴眼镜。 非限制性定语从句需要注意的问题 实战演练：选择题 01. He bought a new car, ______ is very expensive. that B. who C. which D. whose 02My father, ______ is a professor, teaches at a university. whom B. who C. which D. whose 03. She told me the news, ______ was very exciting. A. it B. that C. which D. what 04. The reason, ______ he didn't come, was that he was ill. A. why B. for which C. that D. which 1.7.2013 理论学习结束，现在是实战演练时间。我们来看几道选择题，请大家思考一下，应该选择哪个选项。这些题目都涵盖了我们刚才讲过的核心知识点。 ‹#› 实战演练：选择题 05. We will put off the picnic until next week, ______ the weather may be better. A. which B. that C. when D. where 06. The novel, ______ I read last week, is very touching. A which B. that C. what D. who 07. She has a son, ______ is studying abroad. A. he B. whom C. who D. whose 08. He failed the exam, ______ made his parents very disappointed. A. that B. which C. what D. this 1.7.2013 理论学习结束，现在是实战演练时间。我们来看几道选择题，请大家思考一下，应该选择哪个选项。这些题目都涵盖了我们刚才讲过的核心知识点。 ‹#› 1. My cousin, ____ father is a teacher, wants to be a teacher as well. 2. His father, ____ works in Beijing, came back yesterday. 3. ____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. 4. This novel, ___ _ I have read three times, is very interesting. 5. He failed in the exam, ____ made his mother angry. 6. They went to London, ___ _ they lived for six months. 实战演练：填空题 whose who As which which where 实战演练：真题挑战 2022 全国甲卷 On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. 2020 全国III卷In ancient China lived an artist, ______ paintings were almost lifelike. 2019 全国II卷Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ______ she opened with her late husband Les. who whose which 1.7.2013 最后，我们来看几道高考真题。通过真题，我们可以了解考试的真实难度和考查方向。大家看这几道题，都是对我们今天所学知识点的直接应用。第一题考who，第二题考whose，第三题考which。掌握了基本规则，这些题目就迎刃而解了。 ‹#› Discovering Useful Structures 新人教版选择性必修一 Unit 1 Thank You ! $