精品解析：广东惠东县2025-2026学年第二学期高二年级期中学业质量监测英语试题

惠东县 2025-2026 学年第二学期高二年级期中学业质量监测 英语 （本卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定的位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需要改动，先用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Harry Potter fans, get ready for the journey to Hogwarts and beyond on an official guided tour of Warner Bros. This guided experience at Warner Bros. Studio Tour London — The Making of Harry Potter is the only tour of its kind, so if you’re a fan of the magical world, it’s a must-do. What To Expect Upon arriving, you will be greeted by an experienced guide who reveals the wonders you’ll encounter throughout your tour of the original sets and costumes from all eight of the Harry Potter films. You will be given your own personal headset to ensure you do not miss any of the fascinating behind-the-scenes facts. Watch a short film in the cinema before you enter the Great Hall, Visit the original Hogwarts Express locomotive (火车头) and a recreation of Platform 9½. Climb aboard the train carriage and pose with a luggage trolley as it disappears through the platform wall. Once the tour comes to an end, you have the option to re-enter the studio at your leisure, find that perfect souvenir at the Studio Shop, or purchase a coffee at the Studio Tour Cafe. Additional Information Not wheelchair accessible. Infants (婴儿) must sit on laps. Travelers should have a medium physical fitness level. This tour/activity will have a maximum of 15 travelers. The total duration of the tour is 5 hours, comprising a 1-hour travel time to the studios, a 3-hour guided tour, and a 1-hour travel time back to London. Cancellation Policy If you cancel at least 3 days in advance of the scheduled departure, there is no cancellation fee. If you cancel within 2 days of the scheduled departure, there is a 100 percent cancellation fee. 1. What can be expected throughout the tour? A. Taking photos with the actors. B. Knowing behind-the-scenes facts. C. Creating a new Platform. D. Watching Harry Potter series again. 2. Who can join the tour? A. Couples with little babies. B. Adults with physical disability. C. A group consisting of 16 members. D. Teenagers with travel sickness. 3. When will canceling the trip definitely result in financial damage? A. On the day of registration. B. On the exact day of departure. C. 3 days ahead of the departure date. D. 4 days ahead of the departure date. B There are decisions we take on instinct (本能), without even realizing we are taking them. Two years ago, I left Germany to do volunteering work. I had a couple of disappointing experiences and a boring job in front of me. It was time to go. I found an interesting contact in a small village in Portugal. In exchange for room and board, I would be working with animals in a residence that hosted families with disabled people. And there I went, with just a backpack I was ready to jump into a new adventure. There, I cared for the pets living next to the residents, cleaning their yard, preparing food and caring for them. Within a month I was in charge of all the other volunteers and the organization of the daily work. After 5 months, I left again and moved to Catalonia, in Spain, to live with an Irish family. They offered a roof and food on the passage of their house for abandoned animals I helped care for. During both experiences, I had the chance to discover beautiful little towns and lovely villages. In Portugal, I walked on the coastline and explored those little towns on the top of the dry hills. In Spain I visited Barcelona multiple times, discovering little by little all its corners. Sometimes, my volunteering experience was challenging. I didn’t speak any Portuguese and only a bit of Spanish. But life out there was simple. It was so different from what I used to call “home” before! Going back to previous habits took me time. If you’re wondering if an international volunteering year gap is worth it, despite the uncertain future and the social pressure, I say: go for it. Believe me, in various ways, you will be sure to return transformed, perhaps even improved to a better self. With a bit of luck, you may also discover a new career path. 4. Why did the author choose to leave Germany to do volunteering work? A. To make a change. B. To gain living skills. C. To broaden his views. D. To add working experience. 5. What did the author mainly do during his trip? A. Running an organization. B. Attending to animals. C. Taking care of the disabled. D. Preparing food for volunteers. 6. Which of the following can best describe the author’s trip? A. Simple. B. Romantic. C. Adventurous. D. Rewarding. 7. What can we learn from the author’s experiences? A. Instinct is a key step for new career. B. Backpacking brings us new adventures. C. A gap year helps us escape from reality. D. Volunteering is a journey of self-discovery. C Running has long been considered one of the most efficient, convenient, and beneficial workouts. But some claim you get more out of the classic way of exercising with a new technique—or rather a 180-degree about-face. A study led by Dr. Gardner published in 2016 in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning backs this up. Researchers found that running backwards benefited athletes by improving their running economy; by running backwards over time the athletes became better runners overall. Unlike forward running, which generally uses the muscles in the front of the leg, running backwards primarily uses the muscles of the bottom chain, especially the calf（腓）muscles and glutes. Dr. Gardner adds, “Within just a minute or two of running backwards, you’ll start to feel the burning in your calves!” Frankie Ruiz, a longtime cross-country running coach and chief running officer explains that aside from moving in reverse, running backwards differs from regular running because it requires an entirely different combination of things to do correctly. Running backwards may be easier on the knees. “In a backwards movement, the set of muscles involved in absorbing the impact in the lower level are opposite. Your lower leg muscles are doing most of the absorbing, thereby placing less stress on the knees. Running backwards will recruit lesser utilized muscles resulting in muscle growth and toning,” says Ruiz. In addition to using different muscles than running forwards, running backwards enhances balance and posture, “as it forces you to stay in a more upright position,” Gardner says. As to claims that running backwards can burn more calories than forward running, Gardner says it’s not so black and white. Lots of factors (including heart rate, age, and others) affect how many calories you burn during any particular activity. “Different muscle pattern usage doesn’t necessarily burn more calories. It is the intensity（强度）that matters most,” she points out. Because running backwards causes more muscle activity than running forwards, however, Gardner notes it makes sense that one might burn more calories, but there’s not conclusive data on exact calorie consumption differences. 8. What is the benefit of running backwards? A. It combines various muscles. B. It can better athletes’ performance. C. It frees the front muscles of the leg. D. It gets calf muscles and glutes burned. 9. Why is Ruiz’s opinion on running backwards mentioned? A. To state more of its advantages. B. To share his personal preference. C. To show its promising development. D. To introduce detailed guidance on it. 10. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. Calories consumption is difficult to measure. B. Using different muscles can burn more calories. C. The amount of calories burning depends on many aspects. D. Running backwards burns more calories than running forwards. 11. Who would benefit most from this passage? A. Nutritionists pursuing a balanced diet. B. Patients hoping to cure their injured knees. C. Coaches intending to better their training methods. D. Runners seeking to improve their economical situation. D Air pollution is among the biggest threats against humans, which causes seven million early deaths a year. To fight this problem, four friends put their heads together and designed CityTree, which is a mobile structure that can absorb as many pollutants as a forest made up of 275 trees. What makes the ‘tree’ special is that it’s not a regular tree at all; it is made up of moss cultures (苔藓培养物) that do a great job of absorption. “Moss cultures have a much larger surface than any other plant,” Zhengliang Wu, co-founder of Green City Solutions, explained to CNN. “That means we can absorb more pollutants.” The entire ‘tree’ sustains itself using solar panels that generate electricity so that it can collect rainwater itself. To monitor the health of the moss, the CityTree has sensors which measure temperature and water quality. Now, about 20 CityTrees can be found in major cities like Oslo, and Paris. The team also has plans to introduce the CityTree to cities in lower-income countries, which may have worse air pollution. However, Gary Fuller, an expert on air pollution, thinks that the concept of an urban air purifier might be too ambitious. “Even if you had a perfect air cleaner, getting the surrounding air in contact with it is really hard,” he said. Pollution made by cars, for example, spreads upwards a few kilometers into the air. “Efforts would be better put into stopping the pollution from forming in the first place,” he added. In response, the CityTree inventors say that they are aware of this and choose the location of each CityTree carefully. They are also testing a system to create their own air flow that draws the pollution to the “tree”. 12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about concerning the CityTree? A. Its appearance. B. Its operating process. C. How it works. D. How it gets powered. 13. How did Gary Fuller present his viewpoint? A. By giving an example. B. By making a comparison. C. By defining a concept. D. By providing statistics. 14. What will the CityTree inventors probably do? A. Develop a new type of air cleaner. B. Make improvements to the structure. C. Redirect efforts to make greener cars. D. Expand their business in rich countries. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Global Efforts in Planting Trees B. The Alarming Trend of Air Pollution C. A Structure that Will Change the World D. The ‘Tree’ with the Green Benefits of a Forest 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Some people jokingly refer to “being crazy” about exercise when they enjoy working out to an extreme degree. ____16____. However, overdoing it causes serious side effects. Here are some tips for avoiding exercise addiction. ● Set goals for exercise habits ____17____. Decide what you want to achieve in the short term, as well as the big picture. Goals will keep you focused on healthy lifestyle change. Set goals that are S. M. A. R. T: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. ● Limit how much you increase exercise habits Unrealistic expectations for calorie burn or workout duration are common red flags for exercise addiction. ____18____. Thus, once you can finish your daily workout easily and mindlessly, shift some focuses to other areas of your life. ● ____19____ Engaging in physical activities you enjoy will turn exercise into a hobby, not just pure calorie burning. Everyone is interested in different levels of pace in their workout, so finding something suitable and enjoyable will help you stick with it and build a healthy relationship with exercise. ● Don’t over-stress exercise It’s important to have an exercise habit that keeps you fit and energetic. However, you should strike a healthy balance across all areas of life. Spending hours on exercise every day could be a sign of addiction. ____20____. A. Enjoy your exercise B. Exercise at your own pace C. Exercise is key to a healthy lifestyle D. Think about what you want to get out of your workout E. Increasing exercise is normal, but your body has its limits F. It cuts exercise time, helping you refocus on other key life areas G. To avoid this, spend more time with loved ones or revisit forgotten hobbies 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lexie Alford, 21, said she recently became the youngest person to visit every country. Though her achievement is yet to be ____21____ by the Guinness Book of World Records, Alford said she had been to 196 ____22____. While her adventures may have looked ____23____ on her social media account, Alford faced various difficulties such as visa rejections, financial struggles, and health issues like malaria and food ____24____. For most people, the ____25____ to seeing the world is lack of money, but Alford managed to ____26____ her travels largely on her own. She started working multiple jobs and saving everything she had earned since 12. ____27____, her mother owns a travel agency and it has helped her find the best deals and book ahead of time, ____28____ significant savings on flights and hotels. As a(an)____29____ female traveler, Alford put safety in the first place when deciding how long to stay in a country, apart from budget and personal _____30_____. She spent a week in Switzerland, where there was so much she could do, while in some African countries, she would have spent more time _____31_____, but unfortunately she couldn’t afford to take the proper _____32_____ measures necessary for the trip. _____33_____ experiencing strong loneliness at times, Alford thinks the travel is a rewarding experience that everyone should have _____34_____ once in their lives. After her travels, Alford now believes that there are a lot of sacrifices (牺牲) you have to make if you want to travel the world, but if it’s something you truly have a passion for, it only takes _____35_____ to pursue it. 21. A. organized B. acknowledged C. focused D. pointed 22. A. cities B. countries C. places D. continents 23. A. dangerous B. accurate C. attractive D. demanding 24. A. poisoning B. shortage C. supply D. waste 25. A. key B. access C. solution D. barrier 26. A. arrange B. plan C. fund D. design 27. A. Finally B. Additionally C. Sincerely D. Obviously 28. A. adjusting to B. setting up C. beginning with D. contributing to 29. A. solo B. positive C. brave D. smart 30. A. interest B. information C. growth D. belongings 31. A. working B. exploring C. resting D. recording 32. A. finance B. health C. education D. security 33. A. Unlike B. Without C. Including D. Despite 34. A. at least B. less than C. at most D. rather than 35. A. time B. skill C. courage D. knowledge 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Northwest China’s Gansu Province ____36____ (lie) Zhangye National Geopark (张掖地质公园). It is blessed with a splendid Danxia landform (丹霞地貌) area, ____37____ covers about 1,289 square kilometers. The Danxia landform is ____38____ masterpiece of nature. The colorful mountain ridges are just like an overturned palette (调色板) from heaven. Bands of fiery red, creamy orange, rich green and bright yellow make long marks across the mountain, and form ____39____ is known as the most beautiful rainbow mountain. The incredible landscapes were created by sandstone and minerals piling on top of one another over the years due to plate ____40____ (movement). Wind, rain, and time then carved the rock formations and rolling hills, ____41____ (create) various shapes, including towers, pillars and valleys. The landform ____42____ (become) a top tourist attraction, since it was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2010, appealing ____43____ tourists from home and abroad. The park features a series of boardwalks that allow visitors to walk around the colorful sandstone landscapes. There are ____44____ (special) designed viewing platforms, enabling tourists ____45____ (get) close to the hills and feast their eyes on the amazing sights without damaging the ecosystem. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 某英文报正在开展主题为“Amazing Ancient Chinese Paintings”的征文活动，请写一篇短文投稿，推荐一幅你最喜欢的绘画作品。内容包括： 1．作品介绍； 2．推荐理由。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a typical spring morning in Hangzhou, China. The sun was barely up, and the air was still cool from the previous night’s rain. Wang Haoyu, a high school student, had planned an early morning basketball game with his friend Xiao Mo. The two had been looking forward to this game all week, and nothing was going to stop them from playing, not even the wet ground. As they arrived at the basketball court, the dew y grass glistened in the early morning light. The air was filled with the sound of chirping birds, and the scent of blooming flowers. However, the ground was still wet and slippery. Haoyu suggested they be careful as they played, and they both agreed to take extra care. Then they started to play, the ball bouncing back and forth as they took turns to score. The game soon became more and more intense, with both Haoyu and Xiao Mo giving it their all. However, as the clock approached 6:45 am, something went wrong. Xiao Mo was attempting a difficult shot when suddenly he lost his balance and slipped on the wet surface. His body and head hit the ground hard, and he immediately became unconscious. His face went all pale. Haoyu panicked and for a while he was unsure of what to do. Then he realized he should call for help. He shouted at the top of his lungs, “Quick, call 120! My friend has fainted (晕)!” Fortunately, a passer-by heard his cry and immediately dialed the number. As they were waiting for the ambulance, time seemed to slow down. The fear of losing his friend seized Haoyu, and he felt helpless as he watched Xiao Mo lying motionless on the ground. But then, a thought crossed his mind. He remembered the first aid video he had watched in school just a few weeks ago, which included CPR training. Haoyu knew that every second counted and that he needed to act fast. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 He quickly got down on his knees beside Xiao Mo. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Xiao Mo was rushed to the hospital, accompanied by Haoyu. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 惠东县 2025-2026 学年第二学期高二年级期中学业质量监测 英语 （本卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定的位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需要改动，先用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Harry Potter fans, get ready for the journey to Hogwarts and beyond on an official guided tour of Warner Bros. This guided experience at Warner Bros. Studio Tour London — The Making of Harry Potter is the only tour of its kind, so if you’re a fan of the magical world, it’s a must-do. What To Expect Upon arriving, you will be greeted by an experienced guide who reveals the wonders you’ll encounter throughout your tour of the original sets and costumes from all eight of the Harry Potter films. You will be given your own personal headset to ensure you do not miss any of the fascinating behind-the-scenes facts. Watch a short film in the cinema before you enter the Great Hall, Visit the original Hogwarts Express locomotive (火车头) and a recreation of Platform 9½. Climb aboard the train carriage and pose with a luggage trolley as it disappears through the platform wall. Once the tour comes to an end, you have the option to re-enter the studio at your leisure, find that perfect souvenir at the Studio Shop, or purchase a coffee at the Studio Tour Cafe. Additional Information Not wheelchair accessible. Infants (婴儿) must sit on laps. Travelers should have a medium physical fitness level. This tour/activity will have a maximum of 15 travelers. The total duration of the tour is 5 hours, comprising a 1-hour travel time to the studios, a 3-hour guided tour, and a 1-hour travel time back to London. Cancellation Policy If you cancel at least 3 days in advance of the scheduled departure, there is no cancellation fee. If you cancel within 2 days of the scheduled departure, there is a 100 percent cancellation fee. 1. What can be expected throughout the tour? A. Taking photos with the actors. B. Knowing behind-the-scenes facts. C. Creating a new Platform. D. Watching Harry Potter series again. 2. Who can join the tour? A. Couples with little babies. B. Adults with physical disability. C. A group consisting of 16 members. D. Teenagers with travel sickness. 3. When will canceling the trip definitely result in financial damage? A. On the day of registration. B. On the exact day of departure. C. 3 days ahead of the departure date. D. 4 days ahead of the departure date. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了华纳兄弟伦敦工作室之旅——《哈利·波特的制作》的官方导游体验，包括游客可以期待的内容、额外信息以及取消政策等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据What To Expect部分中“You will be given your own personal headset to ensure you do not miss any of the fascinating behind-the-scenes facts.(您将获得自己的个人耳机，以确保您不会错过任何有趣的幕后事实)”可知，在整个参观过程中，游客可以了解幕后事实。故选B项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据Additional Information部分中“Infants (婴儿) must sit on laps.(婴儿必须坐在腿上)”可推知，携带婴儿的夫妇可以参加这次旅行。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Cancellation Policy部分中“If you cancel within 2 days of the scheduled departure, there is a 100 percent cancellation fee.(如果您在预定出发日期前2天内取消，将收取100%的取消费)”可知，在出发当天取消旅行肯定会造成经济损失。故选B项。 B There are decisions we take on instinct (本能), without even realizing we are taking them. Two years ago, I left Germany to do volunteering work. I had a couple of disappointing experiences and a boring job in front of me. It was time to go. I found an interesting contact in a small village in Portugal. In exchange for room and board, I would be working with animals in a residence that hosted families with disabled people. And there I went, with just a backpack I was ready to jump into a new adventure. There, I cared for the pets living next to the residents, cleaning their yard, preparing food and caring for them. Within a month I was in charge of all the other volunteers and the organization of the daily work. After 5 months, I left again and moved to Catalonia, in Spain, to live with an Irish family. They offered a roof and food on the passage of their house for abandoned animals I helped care for. During both experiences, I had the chance to discover beautiful little towns and lovely villages. In Portugal, I walked on the coastline and explored those little towns on the top of the dry hills. In Spain I visited Barcelona multiple times, discovering little by little all its corners. Sometimes, my volunteering experience was challenging. I didn’t speak any Portuguese and only a bit of Spanish. But life out there was simple. It was so different from what I used to call “home” before! Going back to previous habits took me time. If you’re wondering if an international volunteering year gap is worth it, despite the uncertain future and the social pressure, I say: go for it. Believe me, in various ways, you will be sure to return transformed, perhaps even improved to a better self. With a bit of luck, you may also discover a new career path. 4. Why did the author choose to leave Germany to do volunteering work? A. To make a change. B. To gain living skills. C. To broaden his views. D. To add working experience. 5. What did the author mainly do during his trip? A. Running an organization. B. Attending to animals. C. Taking care of the disabled. D. Preparing food for volunteers. 6. Which of the following can best describe the author’s trip? A. Simple. B. Romantic. C. Adventurous. D. Rewarding. 7. What can we learn from the author’s experiences? A. Instinct is a key step for new career. B. Backpacking brings us new adventures. C. A gap year helps us escape from reality. D. Volunteering is a journey of self-discovery. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者离开德国去葡萄牙和西班牙做志愿者的经历。作者在不同的地方照顾动物、探索当地的城镇和村庄，虽然遇到了语言障碍等问题，但这段经历让作者体验到了简单的生活，也使作者发生了改变，作者认为国际志愿者间隔年是值得的，它是一段自我发现的旅程。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Two years ago, I left Germany to do volunteering work. I had a couple of disappointing experiences and a boring job in front of me. It was time to go. (两年前，我离开德国去做志愿者工作。我有几次令人失望的经历，还有一份无聊的工作摆在我面前。是时候离开了)”可知，作者选择离开德国去做志愿者工作是为了做出改变。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In exchange for room and board, I would be working with animals in a residence that hosted families with disabled people. (作为食宿的交换，我将在一个为残疾人家属提供住宿的住所里照顾动物)”以及第三段“They offered a roof and food on the passage of their house for abandoned animals I helped care for. (他们在自家房子的过道上为我帮忙照顾的弃养动物提供了住所和食物)”可知，作者在旅行期间主要做的是照顾动物。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“During both experiences, I had the chance to discover beautiful little towns and lovely villages. (在这两段经历中，我有机会发现了美丽的小镇和可爱的村庄)”以及最后一段“Believe me, in various ways, you will be sure to return transformed, perhaps even improved to a better self. With a bit of luck, you may also discover a new career path. (相信我，从各种方面来说，你回来时一定会有所改变，甚至可能会变成更好的自己。运气好的话，你也许还能发现一条新的职业道路)”可知，作者的这次旅行是有回报的。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者离开德国去葡萄牙和西班牙做志愿者的经历。作者在不同的地方照顾动物、探索当地的城镇和村庄，虽然遇到了语言障碍等问题，但这段经历让作者体验到了简单的生活，也使作者发生了改变，作者认为国际志愿者间隔年是值得的，它是一段自我发现的旅程。结合最后一段“If you’re wondering if an international volunteering year gap is worth it, despite the uncertain future and the social pressure, I say: go for it. Believe me, in various ways, you will be sure to return transformed, perhaps even improved to a better self. With a bit of luck, you may also discover a new career path. (如果你想知道在未来不确定和社会压力的情况下，国际志愿者的空档年是否值得，我说：去做吧。相信我，在很多方面，你肯定会改变，甚至可能会变成更好的自己。运气好的话，你可能还会发现一条新的职业道路)”可知，D项“志愿服务是一段自我发现的旅程”符合文章主旨。 C Running has long been considered one of the most efficient, convenient, and beneficial workouts. But some claim you get more out of the classic way of exercising with a new technique—or rather a 180-degree about-face. A study led by Dr. Gardner published in 2016 in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning backs this up. Researchers found that running backwards benefited athletes by improving their running economy; by running backwards over time the athletes became better runners overall. Unlike forward running, which generally uses the muscles in the front of the leg, running backwards primarily uses the muscles of the bottom chain, especially the calf（腓）muscles and glutes. Dr. Gardner adds, “Within just a minute or two of running backwards, you’ll start to feel the burning in your calves!” Frankie Ruiz, a longtime cross-country running coach and chief running officer explains that aside from moving in reverse, running backwards differs from regular running because it requires an entirely different combination of things to do correctly. Running backwards may be easier on the knees. “In a backwards movement, the set of muscles involved in absorbing the impact in the lower level are opposite. Your lower leg muscles are doing most of the absorbing, thereby placing less stress on the knees. Running backwards will recruit lesser utilized muscles resulting in muscle growth and toning,” says Ruiz. In addition to using different muscles than running forwards, running backwards enhances balance and posture, “as it forces you to stay in a more upright position,” Gardner says. As to claims that running backwards can burn more calories than forward running, Gardner says it’s not so black and white. Lots of factors (including heart rate, age, and others) affect how many calories you burn during any particular activity. “Different muscle pattern usage doesn’t necessarily burn more calories. It is the intensity（强度）that matters most,” she points out. Because running backwards causes more muscle activity than running forwards, however, Gardner notes it makes sense that one might burn more calories, but there’s not conclusive data on exact calorie consumption differences. 8. What is the benefit of running backwards? A. It combines various muscles. B. It can better athletes’ performance. C. It frees the front muscles of the leg. D. It gets calf muscles and glutes burned. 9. Why is Ruiz’s opinion on running backwards mentioned? A. To state more of its advantages. B. To share his personal preference. C. To show its promising development. D. To introduce detailed guidance on it. 10. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. Calories consumption is difficult to measure. B. Using different muscles can burn more calories. C. The amount of calories burning depends on many aspects. D. Running backwards burns more calories than running forwards. 11. Who would benefit most from this passage? A. Nutritionists pursuing a balanced diet. B. Patients hoping to cure their injured knees. C. Coaches intending to better their training methods. D. Runners seeking to improve their economical situation. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了倒着跑步的好处并分析了形成这些好处的原因。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Researchers found that running backwards benefited athletes by improving their running economy; by running backwards over time the athletes became better runners overall.(研究人员发现，向后跑步通过改善跑步经济使运动员受益；随着时间的推移，通过向后跑，运动员总体上变成了更好的跑步者)”可知，向后跑步的运动员整体上会成为更好的跑步运动员，也就是说，能使运动员的表现更好。故选B项 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Running backwards may be easier on the knees. “In a backwards movement, the set of muscles involved in absorbing the impact in the lower level are opposite. Your lower leg muscles are doing most of the absorbing, thereby placing less stress on the knees. Running backwards will recruit lesser utilized muscles resulting in muscle growth and toning,” says Ruiz.(膝盖向后跑可能更容易。“在向后运动中，参与吸收较低水平冲击力的一组肌肉是相反的。您的小腿肌肉正在完成大部分吸收，从而减轻膝盖的压力。向后跑步会招募较少使用的肌肉，从而导致肌肉生长和调理，”Ruiz说)”可知，Ruiz认为倒着跑步对膝盖有保护作用，且也会导致肌肉的增长和塑形，结合本文主题为倒着跑步的好处，所以提到Ruiz的观点是为了陈述更多倒着跑步的好处。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Lots of factors (including heart rate, age, and others) affect how many calories you burn during any particular activity.(许多因素（包括心率、年龄等）会影响您在任何特定活动中燃烧多少热量)”以及尾段中的“Because running backwards causes more muscle activity than running forwards, however, Gardner notes it makes sense that one might burn more calories, but there’s not conclusive data on exact calorie consumption differences.(然而，因为向后跑步比向前跑步会导致更多的肌肉活动，加德纳指出，一个人可能会燃烧更多的卡路里是有道理的，但没有关于确切卡路里消耗差异的结论性数据)”可知，向后跑步比向前跑步肌肉活动会更多，但没有明确的结论证实热量燃烧的差异性，有很多因素决定了热量燃烧的多少，由此可推断，最后两段进述的是热量燃烧的量取决于很多因素。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Researchers found that running backwards benefited athletes by improving their running economy; by running backwards over time the athletes became better runners overall.(研究人员发现，向后跑步通过改善跑步经济使运动员受益;随着时间的推移，通过向后跑，运动员总体上变成了更好的跑步者)”可知，研究发现，向后跑步能整体上提高运动员的表现，由此可推断，打算优化训练方法的教练可以考虑用此方法训练运动员，以提高他们的成绩，所以这篇文章的受益者应是打算优化训练方法的教练。故选C项。 D Air pollution is among the biggest threats against humans, which causes seven million early deaths a year. To fight this problem, four friends put their heads together and designed CityTree, which is a mobile structure that can absorb as many pollutants as a forest made up of 275 trees. What makes the ‘tree’ special is that it’s not a regular tree at all; it is made up of moss cultures (苔藓培养物) that do a great job of absorption. “Moss cultures have a much larger surface than any other plant,” Zhengliang Wu, co-founder of Green City Solutions, explained to CNN. “That means we can absorb more pollutants.” The entire ‘tree’ sustains itself using solar panels that generate electricity so that it can collect rainwater itself. To monitor the health of the moss, the CityTree has sensors which measure temperature and water quality. Now, about 20 CityTrees can be found in major cities like Oslo, and Paris. The team also has plans to introduce the CityTree to cities in lower-income countries, which may have worse air pollution. However, Gary Fuller, an expert on air pollution, thinks that the concept of an urban air purifier might be too ambitious. “Even if you had a perfect air cleaner, getting the surrounding air in contact with it is really hard,” he said. Pollution made by cars, for example, spreads upwards a few kilometers into the air. “Efforts would be better put into stopping the pollution from forming in the first place,” he added. In response, the CityTree inventors say that they are aware of this and choose the location of each CityTree carefully. They are also testing a system to create their own air flow that draws the pollution to the “tree”. 12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about concerning the CityTree? A. Its appearance. B. Its operating process. C. How it works. D. How it gets powered. 13. How did Gary Fuller present his viewpoint? A. By giving an example. B. By making a comparison. C. By defining a concept. D. By providing statistics. 14. What will the CityTree inventors probably do? A. Develop a new type of air cleaner. B. Make improvements to the structure. C. Redirect efforts to make greener cars. D. Expand their business in rich countries. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Global Efforts in Planting Trees B. The Alarming Trend of Air Pollution C. A Structure that Will Change the World D. The ‘Tree’ with the Green Benefits of a Forest 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了“城市树”可以改善空气污染，介绍了其工作原理以及好处。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The entire ‘tree’ sustains itself using solar panels that generate electricity so that it can collect rainwater itself. To monitor the health of the moss, the CityTree has sensors which measure temperature and water quality. (整棵“树”通过太阳能电池板来维持自身，太阳能电池板可以发电，这样它就可以自己收集雨水。为了监测苔藓的健康状况，“城市树”装有测量温度和水质的传感器)”可知，关于CityTree，本段主要关注它是如何工作的。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段““Even if you had a perfect air cleaner, getting the surrounding air in contact with it is really hard,” he said. Pollution made by cars, for example, spreads upwards a few kilometers into the air. “Efforts would be better put into stopping the pollution from forming in the first place,” he added. (“即使你有一台完美的空气净化器，也很难让周围的空气接触到它，”他说。例如，汽车造成的污染向上扩散几公里进入空气中。他补充说：“最好从一开始就努力阻止污染的形成。”)”可知，加里·富勒通过举例子的方式阐述自己的观点。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“They are also testing a system to create their own air flow that draws the pollution to the “tree”. (他们还在测试一个系统，该系统可以制造自己的气流，将污染物吸入“树”)”可知，CityTree的发明者可能会对结构进行改进。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“To fight this problem, four friends put their heads together and designed CityTree, which is a mobile structure that can absorb as many pollutants as a forest made up of 275 trees. What makes the ‘tree’ special is that it’s not a regular tree at all; it is made up of moss cultures (苔藓培养物) that do a great job of absorption. (为了解决这个问题，四个朋友集思广想，设计了“城市树”，这是一个移动结构，可以捕获与275棵树组成的森林一样多的污染物。这棵“树”的特别之处在于，它根本不是一棵普通的树；它是由苔藓培养物组成的，吸收效果很好。)”结合文章主要介绍了“城市树”可以改善空气污染，介绍了其工作原理以及好处可知，D选项“具有森林绿色效益的‘树’”最符合文章标题。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Some people jokingly refer to “being crazy” about exercise when they enjoy working out to an extreme degree. ____16____. However, overdoing it causes serious side effects. Here are some tips for avoiding exercise addiction. ● Set goals for exercise habits ____17____. Decide what you want to achieve in the short term, as well as the big picture. Goals will keep you focused on healthy lifestyle change. Set goals that are S. M. A. R. T: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. ● Limit how much you increase exercise habits Unrealistic expectations for calorie burn or workout duration are common red flags for exercise addiction. ____18____. Thus, once you can finish your daily workout easily and mindlessly, shift some focuses to other areas of your life. ● ____19____ Engaging in physical activities you enjoy will turn exercise into a hobby, not just pure calorie burning. Everyone is interested in different levels of pace in their workout, so finding something suitable and enjoyable will help you stick with it and build a healthy relationship with exercise. ● Don’t over-stress exercise It’s important to have an exercise habit that keeps you fit and energetic. However, you should strike a healthy balance across all areas of life. Spending hours on exercise every day could be a sign of addiction. ____20____. A. Enjoy your exercise B. Exercise at your own pace C. Exercise is key to a healthy lifestyle D. Think about what you want to get out of your workout E. Increasing exercise is normal, but your body has its limits F. It cuts exercise time, helping you refocus on other key life areas G. To avoid this, spend more time with loved ones or revisit forgotten hobbies 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. E 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍锻炼虽有益健康，但过度锻炼易成瘾，还给出设定目标、控制增量等四条避免锻炼成瘾的实用建议。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Some people jokingly refer to “being crazy” about exercise when they enjoy working out to an extreme degree. (有些人在极度喜欢锻炼时，会开玩笑说自己对锻炼“上瘾了”。)”以及后文“However, overdoing it causes serious side effects. Here are some tips for avoiding exercise addiction. (然而，过度锻炼会产生严重的副作用。以下是一些避免锻炼成瘾的建议。)”中的However可知，此空应先说明锻炼的积极意义，与后文的过度锻炼的弊端形成转折，C选项“Exercise is key to a healthy lifestyle (锻炼是健康生活方式的关键。)”肯定了锻炼的正面价值，与后文的转折关系衔接自然，符合语境。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据本段小标题“Set goals for exercise habits (为锻炼习惯设定目标)”以及后文“Decide what you want to achieve in the short term, as well as the big picture. Goals will keep you focused on healthy lifestyle change. (确定你想要在短期内实现的目标，以及长远的规划。目标会让你专注于健康的生活方式改变。)”可知，本段核心是为锻炼设定目标，此空应引出设定目标的前提，即明确锻炼的目的，D选项“Think about what you want to get out of your workout (想想你想从锻炼中得到什么。)”承接小标题的设定目标要求，且为后文确定具体目标做铺垫，符合语境。故选D项。 【18题详解】 根据本段小标题“Limit how much you increase exercise habits (控制锻炼习惯的增量)”以及前文“Unrealistic expectations for calorie burn or workout duration are common red flags for exercise addiction. (对卡路里消耗或锻炼时长抱有不切实际的期望，是锻炼成瘾的常见危险信号。)”和后文“Thus, once you can finish your daily workout easily and mindlessly, shift some focuses to other areas of your life. (因此，一旦你能轻松、不假思索地完成日常锻炼，就把一些注意力转移到生活的其他方面。)”中的Thus可知，此空应说明锻炼增量的原则，即虽可增量但需把握限度，E选项“Increasing exercise is normal, but your body has its limits (增加锻炼量是正常的，但你的身体有其承受限度。)”紧扣小标题的控制增量核心，且为后文的结论做原因铺垫，符合语境。故选E项。 【19题详解】 分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，概括本段核心内容，根据后文“Engaging in physical activities you enjoy will turn exercise into a hobby, not just pure calorie burning. Everyone is interested in different levels of pace in their workout, so finding something suitable and enjoyable will help you stick with it and build a healthy relationship with exercise. (参与自己喜欢的体育活动，会让锻炼变成一种爱好，而不仅仅是单纯的卡路里消耗。每个人对锻炼的节奏快慢喜好不同，所以找到适合自己且喜欢的锻炼方式，会帮助你坚持下去，并与锻炼建立健康的关系。)”可知，本段核心是要选择并享受自己喜欢的锻炼方式，A选项“Enjoy your exercise (享受你的锻炼。)”能精准概括本段主题，符合语境。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据本段小标题“Don’t over-stress exercise (不要过度重视锻炼)”以及前文“It’s important to have an exercise habit that keeps you fit and energetic. However, you should strike a healthy balance across all areas of life. Spending hours on exercise every day could be a sign of addiction. (养成能让你保持健康和精力充沛的锻炼习惯很重要。但你应该在生活的各个方面建立健康的平衡。每天花数小时锻炼可能是成瘾的信号。)”可知，前文指出过度锻炼的成瘾信号，此空应给出避免这种情况的具体做法，G选项“To avoid this, spend more time with loved ones or revisit forgotten hobbies (为了避免这种情况，多花时间和爱的人相处，或者重拾被遗忘的爱好。)”中的this指代前文每天花数小时锻炼的成瘾情况，且给出了平衡生活的具体方式，符合语境。故选G项。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lexie Alford, 21, said she recently became the youngest person to visit every country. Though her achievement is yet to be ____21____ by the Guinness Book of World Records, Alford said she had been to 196 ____22____. While her adventures may have looked ____23____ on her social media account, Alford faced various difficulties such as visa rejections, financial struggles, and health issues like malaria and food ____24____. For most people, the ____25____ to seeing the world is lack of money, but Alford managed to ____26____ her travels largely on her own. She started working multiple jobs and saving everything she had earned since 12. ____27____, her mother owns a travel agency and it has helped her find the best deals and book ahead of time, ____28____ significant savings on flights and hotels. As a(an)____29____ female traveler, Alford put safety in the first place when deciding how long to stay in a country, apart from budget and personal _____30_____. She spent a week in Switzerland, where there was so much she could do, while in some African countries, she would have spent more time _____31_____, but unfortunately she couldn’t afford to take the proper _____32_____ measures necessary for the trip. _____33_____ experiencing strong loneliness at times, Alford thinks the travel is a rewarding experience that everyone should have _____34_____ once in their lives. After her travels, Alford now believes that there are a lot of sacrifices (牺牲) you have to make if you want to travel the world, but if it’s something you truly have a passion for, it only takes _____35_____ to pursue it. 21. A. organized B. acknowledged C. focused D. pointed 22. A. cities B. countries C. places D. continents 23. A. dangerous B. accurate C. attractive D. demanding 24. A. poisoning B. shortage C. supply D. waste 25. A. key B. access C. solution D. barrier 26. A. arrange B. plan C. fund D. design 27. A. Finally B. Additionally C. Sincerely D. Obviously 28. A. adjusting to B. setting up C. beginning with D. contributing to 29. A. solo B. positive C. brave D. smart 30. A. interest B. information C. growth D. belongings 31. A. working B. exploring C. resting D. recording 32. A. finance B. health C. education D. security 33. A. Unlike B. Without C. Including D. Despite 34. A. at least B. less than C. at most D. rather than 35. A. time B. skill C. courage D. knowledge 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了21岁的莱克茜·奥尔福德成为最年轻环游世界者的经历，展现了她在旅行中面临的困难与坚持，以及从中领悟到的人生感悟。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管她的成就尚未得到吉尼斯世界纪录的认可，但奥尔福德表示她已经去过196个国家。A. organized组织；B. acknowledged认可、承认；C. focused专注；D. pointed指出。根据“Guinness Book of World Records”的属性可知，其核心职能是“认可”各类世界纪录，此处指成就还未被官方承认，符合语境。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管她的成就尚未得到吉尼斯世界纪录的认可，但奥尔福德表示她已经去过196个国家。A. cities城市；B. countries国家；C. places地方；D. continents大洲。根据前文“visit every country”可知，此处为原词复现，呼应“环游世界”的核心主题。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然她的冒险在社交媒体上看起来很有吸引力，但奥尔福德面临着各种困难，比如签证被拒、经济困难以及疟疾和食物中毒等健康问题。A. dangerous危险的；B. accurate准确的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. demanding苛刻的。社交媒体上的内容往往是经过筛选的光鲜一面，与后文“various difficulties”形成对比，“attractive”体现表面的美好。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她的冒险在社交媒体上看起来很有吸引力，但奥尔福德面临着各种困难，比如签证被拒、经济困难以及疟疾和食物中毒等健康问题。A. poisoning中毒；B. shortage短缺；C. supply供应；D. waste浪费。根据前文“health issues like malaria”可知，此处填与疾病相关的健康问题，“food poisoning”（食物中毒）是旅行中常见的健康风险，符合分类逻辑。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对大多数人来说，环游世界的障碍是缺钱，但奥尔福德的旅行费用主要靠自己解决。A. key关键；B. access通道；C. solution解决方案；D. barrier障碍。根据后文“but Alford managed to ____ her travels largely on her own.”可知，环游世界的障碍是缺钱，“lack of money”是阻碍人们环游世界的常见问题，即“障碍”，“barrier to sth”为固定搭配，表“……的障碍”。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对大多数人来说，环游世界的障碍是缺钱，但奥尔福德的旅行费用主要靠自己解决。A. arrange安排；B. plan计划；C. fund为……提供资金；D. design设计。根据后文“working multiple jobs and saving”可知，她主要靠自己赚取旅行费用，“fund”体现“解决资金问题”的核心动作。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，她母亲开了一家旅行社，帮她找到最优惠的价格并提前预订，这大大节省了机票和酒店费用。A. Finally最终；B. Additionally此外；C. Sincerely真诚地；D. Obviously明显地。前文讲她自己打工存钱，后文补充母亲旅行社的助力，是递进关系，“Additionally”表“此外、另外”，符合逻辑。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：此外，她母亲开了一家旅行社，帮她找到最优惠的价格并提前预订，这大大节省了机票和酒店费用。A. adjusting to适应；B. setting up建立；C. beginning with以……开始；D. contributing to促成、有助于。根据前文“it has helped her find the best deals and book ahead of time”可知，母亲的帮助直接带来了费用节省。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名独自旅行的女性游客，奥尔福德在决定在一个国家停留多久时，除了预算和个人兴趣外，还把安全放在首位。A. solo独自的；B. positive积极的；C. brave勇敢的；D. smart聪明的。根据前文“Lexie Alford, 21, said she recently became the youngest person to visit every country.”且未提及同行者，“solo”精准体现“独自旅行”的身份。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名独自旅行的女性游客，奥尔福德在决定在一个国家停留多久时，除了预算和个人兴趣外，还把安全放在首位。A. interest兴趣；B. information信息；C. growth成长；D. belongings财物。旅行停留时长通常与“预算多少”“是否感兴趣”相关，“personal interest”是合理考量因素，符合旅行决策逻辑。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在瑞士待了一个星期，那里有很多她可以做的事情，而在一些非洲国家，她本想花更多时间探索，但不幸的是，她无法采取旅行所需的适当安全措施。A. working工作；B. exploring探索；C. resting休息；D. recording记录。根据前文“while in some African countries”可知，旅行的核心行为是“探索”不同国家的风土人情。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在瑞士待了一个星期，那里有很多她可以做的事情，而在一些非洲国家，她本想花更多时间探索，但不幸的是，她无法采取旅行所需的适当安全措施。A. finance财政；B. health健康；C. education教育；D. security安全。根据前文“safety in the first place”，非洲部分地区旅行安全风险较高，需采取安全措施，“security measures”表“安全措施”，与前文安全优先原则呼应。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管有时会感到强烈的孤独，但奥尔福德认为旅行是一种有价值的经历，每个人一生至少应该有一次。A. Unlike不像；B. Without没有；C. Including包括；D. Despite尽管。“强烈的孤独”与“有价值的经历”是转折关系，“Despite”后接名词短语表让步，符合句子结构和逻辑。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查短语词义辨析。句意：尽管有时会感到强烈的孤独，但奥尔福德认为旅行是一种有价值的经历，每个人一生至少应该有一次。A. at least至少；B. less than少于；C. at most至多；D. rather than而不是。根据后文“once in their lives”可知，她认可旅行的价值，因此建议每个人“至少”体验一次，体现最低限度的推荐，符合语境。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：旅行结束后，奥尔福德现在相信，如果你想环游世界，你必须做出很多牺牲，但如果这是你真正热爱的事情，只需要勇气去追求它。A. time时间；B. skill技能；C. courage勇气；D. knowledge知识。结合前文提到的签证被拒、健康风险、孤独等困难，追求环游世界的梦想需要直面挑战的“勇气”。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Northwest China’s Gansu Province ____36____ (lie) Zhangye National Geopark (张掖地质公园). It is blessed with a splendid Danxia landform (丹霞地貌) area, ____37____ covers about 1,289 square kilometers. The Danxia landform is ____38____ masterpiece of nature. The colorful mountain ridges are just like an overturned palette (调色板) from heaven. Bands of fiery red, creamy orange, rich green and bright yellow make long marks across the mountain, and form ____39____ is known as the most beautiful rainbow mountain. The incredible landscapes were created by sandstone and minerals piling on top of one another over the years due to plate ____40____ (movement). Wind, rain, and time then carved the rock formations and rolling hills, ____41____ (create) various shapes, including towers, pillars and valleys. The landform ____42____ (become) a top tourist attraction, since it was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2010, appealing ____43____ tourists from home and abroad. The park features a series of boardwalks that allow visitors to walk around the colorful sandstone landscapes. There are ____44____ (special) designed viewing platforms, enabling tourists ____45____ (get) close to the hills and feast their eyes on the amazing sights without damaging the ecosystem. 【答案】36. lies 37. which 38. a 39. what 40. movements 41. creating 42. has become 43. to 44. specially 45. to get 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国甘肃张掖国家地质公园的丹霞地貌，包括其规模、自然奇观般的景色、形成原因，以及 2010 年列入世界遗产名录后成为热门旅游景点的相关情况。 【36题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：张掖国家地质公园位于中国西北部的甘肃省。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Zhangye National Geopark是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数lies。故填lies。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它拥有一个绚丽的丹霞地貌区，面积约1289平方公里。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词area是物，因此空格处用关系代词which。故填which。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：丹霞地貌是大自然的杰作。masterpiece是可数名词单数，此处表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，masterpiece是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：火红、橘黄、浓绿、亮黄等一道道色彩在山体上绵延，形成了被誉为“最美彩虹山”的景观。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，因此空格处用连接代词what。故填what。 【40题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：这一令人惊叹的地貌是多年来砂岩与矿物质因板块运动层层堆积而成。movement是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，因此空格处用复数。故填movements。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随后，风、雨和时间雕琢出了这些岩层与起伏的山丘，塑造出塔楼、石柱、峡谷等各式形态。句中谓语是carved，空格处用非谓语动词，Wind, rain, and time then carved the rock formations and rolling hills和create之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词creating作结果状语。故填creating。 【42题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自2010年被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录以来，该地貌已成为顶级旅游景点，吸引了来自国内外的游客。由since可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语The landform是单数，因此空格处是has become。故填has become。 【43题详解】 考查固定短语和介词。句意：自2010年被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录以来，该地貌已成为顶级旅游景点，吸引着海内外的游客。appeal to是固定短语，意为“吸引”，因此空格处是介词to，故填to。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：公园内设有一系列木栈道，供游客在色彩绚丽的砂岩景观中漫步，这里还有专门设计的观景台，让游客既能近距离欣赏山丘、饱览绝美景色，又不会破坏生态系统。空格处用副词specially修饰动词designed，specially意为“专门地”。故填specially。 【45题详解】 考查固定短语和不定式。句意：公园内设有一系列木栈道，供游客在色彩绚丽的砂岩景观中漫步，这里还有专门设计的观景台，让游客既能近距离欣赏山丘、饱览绝美景色，又不会破坏生态系统。enable sb. to do sth是固定短语，意为“使某人能够做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to get作宾语补足语。故填to get。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 某英文报正在开展主题为“Amazing Ancient Chinese Paintings”的征文活动，请写一篇短文投稿，推荐一幅你最喜欢的绘画作品。内容包括： 1．作品介绍； 2．推荐理由。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My favorite painting is Along the River During the Qingming Festival, one of the most admired Chinese paintings in the world. It was painted on a silk scroll by Zhang Zeduan duringthe Northern Song Dynasty. The painting’s great appeal is that it shows us how ordinary people lived at that time. It is now placed as a national treasure in the Palace Museum. It is not only a truework of art but also gives us a rare insight into daily life in ancient China. There is no doubt that it is one of the most amazing ancient Chinese paintings. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。某英文报正在开展主题为“Amazing Ancient Chinese Paintings”的征文活动，请写一篇短文投稿，推荐一幅你最喜欢的绘画作品。 【详解】1.词汇积累 放置：place→put 绘画：paint→draw 普通的：ordinary→common 稀有的：rare→scarce 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：The painting’s great appeal is that it shows us how ordinary people lived at that time. It is now placed as a national treasure in the Palace Museum. 拓展句：The painting’s great appeal is that it shows us how ordinary people lived at that time, which is now placed as a national treasure in the Palace Museum. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The painting’s great appeal is that it shows us how ordinary people lived at that time. (运用了that引导表语从句) [高分句型2] There is no doubt that it is one of the most amazing ancient Chinese paintings. (运用了There is no doubt that句型) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a typical spring morning in Hangzhou, China. The sun was barely up, and the air was still cool from the previous night’s rain. Wang Haoyu, a high school student, had planned an early morning basketball game with his friend Xiao Mo. The two had been looking forward to this game all week, and nothing was going to stop them from playing, not even the wet ground. As they arrived at the basketball court, the dew y grass glistened in the early morning light. The air was filled with the sound of chirping birds, and the scent of blooming flowers. However, the ground was still wet and slippery. Haoyu suggested they be careful as they played, and they both agreed to take extra care. Then they started to play, the ball bouncing back and forth as they took turns to score. The game soon became more and more intense, with both Haoyu and Xiao Mo giving it their all. However, as the clock approached 6:45 am, something went wrong. Xiao Mo was attempting a difficult shot when suddenly he lost his balance and slipped on the wet surface. His body and head hit the ground hard, and he immediately became unconscious. His face went all pale. Haoyu panicked and for a while he was unsure of what to do. Then he realized he should call for help. He shouted at the top of his lungs, “Quick, call 120! My friend has fainted (晕)!” Fortunately, a passer-by heard his cry and immediately dialed the number. As they were waiting for the ambulance, time seemed to slow down. The fear of losing his friend seized Haoyu, and he felt helpless as he watched Xiao Mo lying motionless on the ground. But then, a thought crossed his mind. He remembered the first aid video he had watched in school just a few weeks ago, which included CPR training. Haoyu knew that every second counted and that he needed to act fast. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 He quickly got down on his knees beside Xiao Mo. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Xiao Mo was rushed to the hospital, accompanied by Haoyu. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 He quickly got down on his knees beside Xiao Mo. Then he started performing CPR following what he saw from the video. He pressed hard on Xiao Mo’s chest, counting the compressions, and breathing air into his lungs. It was a difficult and exhausting process, but Haoyu was determined to save his friend’s life. After several minutes of efforts, Xiao Mo’s eyes flickered open, and he regained consciousness. The ambulance finally arrived, and the paramedics quickly took over. The people who came over after hearing Haoyu’s cry for help all looked on in amazement at what had just happened. Xiao Mo was rushed to the hospital, accompanied by Haoyu. The doctors were amazed at the quick thinking and bravery of the young man. Xiao Mo was treated for his injuries and made a full recovery, thanks to Haoyu’s quick actions. When asked about his heroics later, Wang Haoyu simply said, “I didn’t even think about it. I just remembered what I’d learned and acted on it. I’m just glad my friend is okay.” His bravery earned him the admiration and respect of many, including the local Red Cross, who praised him for his textbook-style emergency response. Haoyu and Xiao Mo’s friendship grew stronger, bonded by the life-altering experience that had brought them closer together. And Wang Haoyu, forever a hero in the eyes of his community, inspired others to learn first aid and emergency response, helping to create a safer world for all. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了王浩宇是一名高中生，他和他的朋友小莫一起计划了一场清晨的篮球比赛，结果比赛的时候小莫在潮湿的地面上滑倒了，他的身体和头部重重地撞在地上，他立刻失去了知觉。他的脸变得苍白。最后多亏了浩宇采取急救措施，救了小莫的命。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他迅速跪在小莫身边，然后根据他从视频中看到的情况开始进行心肺复苏术。”可知，第一段可描写浩宇对小莫进行急救的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“小莫被火速送往医院，浩宇陪同。”可知，第二段可描写小莫得救，感谢浩宇，以及浩宇得到了许多人的钦佩和尊重。 2.续写线索：浩宇急救——小莫醒来——救护车赶到——小莫送往医院——小莫得救——小莫感谢——浩宇得到钦佩和尊重 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①路过：come over/pass by ②记得：remember/recall ③考虑：think about/consider 情绪类 ①累人：exhausting/tiring ②惊讶：amazed/surprised 【点睛】[高分句型1] The people who came over after hearing Haoyu’s cry for help all looked on in amazement at what had just happened. (由who引导定语从句) [高分句型2] When asked about his heroics later, Wang Haoyu simply said, “I didn’t even think about it. I just remembered what I’d learned and acted on it. I’m just glad my friend is okay.”(由when引导时间状语从句和what引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $