甘肃宕昌县第一中学等校2025-2026学年高二下学期5月期中英语试题

绝密★启用前 2025-2026年宕昌第一中学、第二中学、两当第一中学 高二下学期期中考试英语试卷 一、阅读理解 Coastal Cleanup Crew Help preserve Marin’s stunning coastlines from Ocean Cove to Drake’s Beach. Join us in removing marine debris, recycling plastics, and documenting pollution data. Coastal Cleanup Crew volunteers are essential in safeguarding marine habitats and protecting vulnerable species like seabirds and sea turtles. GROUPS Groups of six or more must make arrangements ahead of time. Check the Project Availability Calendar and submit a Group Registration Form to secure your spot. AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING Volunteers must be 10 or older. Review the Youth Safety Guidelines for participants under 16. Bring a signed Volunteer Waiver Form. Minors need a parent/guardian’s signature. Dress in sturdy, weather-appropriate clothing that can withstand sand and saltwater. Bring a hat, sunscreen, and a reusable water bottle. Pack a lunch and waterproof boots if possible. Work continues in light rain—bring a waterproof jacket! No prior experience needed. Training, gloves, and equipment provided. Counts toward community service hours. UPCOMING EVENTS Date    Time Meeting Point Saturday, Feb. 4    9:00 AM – 12:30 PM Ocean Cove Visitor Center Sunday, Feb. 12    8:30 AM – 1:00 PM Drake’s Beach North Lot Saturday, Feb. 18    10:00 AM – 2:00 PM Limantour Spit Trailhead 1．What is the primary goal of the Coastal Cleanup Crew? A. To promote local tourism. B. To study ocean currents. C. To protect marine ecosystems. D. To build recreational facilities. 2．What is the minimum age requirement for volunteers? A. 8. B. 10. C. 16. D. 18. 3．What must volunteers be prepared for? A. Bring specialized tools. B. Work in light rain. C. Wear provided uniforms. D. Attend all three events. Denmark, known for its inventive restaurants and elegant design studios, is about to become known for something more basic: the world’s first belch (打嗝) and manure (粪便) tax. That’s because there are five times as many pigs and cows in Denmark as there are people. Nearly two-thirds of its land is taken up by farming. And agriculture is becoming its largest share of climate pollution, putting lawmakers under intense public pressure to reduce it. So now, Denmark’s government, has agreed to tax the methane emissions (甲烷排放) released by farm animals. The measure was passed this month, making it the only such climate tax on farm animals in the world. “I think it’s good,” said Rasmus, a 31-year-old citizen who was shopping for dinner in Copenhagen. “It’s a gentle push to encourage plant-based diets, perhaps fewer pork choices.” The tax is part of a larger package designed to clean up the country’s agricultural pollution and eventually restore some farmland to its natural form, like peat lands (泥炭地), which are exceptionally good at trapping planet-heating gases underground but were emptied decades ago. Denmark’s effort is also a wake-up call for many agricultural nations, including the United States, as they face the same calls to reduce pollution from farms. Globally, the food system accounts for a fourth of greenhouse gases, and reducing those emissions requires making tough choices on diets, jobs and industries. That makes food a particularly challenging climate problem to address. No wonder that efforts to reduce agriculture’s climate emissions have faced strong resistance, from Brussels to Delhi to Wellington, where the New Zealand government proposed a burp tax in 2022 only to have a later government overturn it. Even Denmark’s measure faced heated political debates and has been under negotiation for years. The measure was finally passed in November. Starting in 2030, it will charge farmers 300 Danish kroner (around $43) for every ton of carbon dioxide. By 2035, the tax will more than double to 750 kroner (S106). A bigger, more difficult dilemma still looms: Will Denmark continue to tum over so much of its land to cows and pigs? 4．Why did Denmark introduce a “belch and manure” tax? A. To boost its tourism through new taxes. B. To improve animal welfare on farms. C. To reduce climate pollution from animals. D. To take a lead role in environmental protection. 5．What can be inferred about the new tax? A. It is opposed by most citizens in Denmark. B. It aims to ultimately restore natural landscapes. C. It will quickly address the agricultural pollution. D. It has drawn inspiration from the United States. 6．What is the main idea of paragraph 6? A. Praising Denmark’s successful tax measure. B. Comparing the food policies of different countries. C. Discussing the benefits of reducing farm emissions. D. Explaining the challenges in cutting farm emissions. 7．What does the text mainly talk about? A. Denmark’s groundbreaking emission tax. B. How Denmark reshapes global farming. C. The future of Denmark’s agricultural industry. D. Global struggle to reduce agricultural pollution. Contagious yawning (传染性哈欠) has long been seen in warm-blooded animals: besides us, they include chimps, lions and wolves. But Elisabetta Palagi, a scientist from the University of Pisa, says it has been proven in a cold-blooded species for the first time. Palagi and her team set out to confirm if fish yawn and if it’s contagious. They chose zebrafish, a common freshwater fish, raised at home, and observed 18 zebrafish in the lab. The fish usually breathed by quickly opening and closing their mouth, but sometimes they opened their mouth slowly. They also stretched (使变大) it wide and then closed it suddenly. This seemed to mimic what scientists usually describe in other animals as yawning. The researchers noted many differences between a fish’s normal breathing and a yawn. For example, the fish opened their mouth wider during a yawn than when simply breathing. And about half the time, a yawning fish also stretched its body. This is"very interesting,"Palagi says, and something"we did not expect to find". The team trained an AI model to recognize these yawning features. After feeding it video screenshots (屏幕截图), the AI could tell yawns from normal breathing, just like the researchers. Next, they showed zebrafish two types of videos: one of a yawning zebrafish and the other of one breathing normally. Tested many times on many fish, the results showed fish were more than twice as likely to yawn when watching yawning videos — proving contagious yawning. Also, lab fish that yawned in response often changed swimming direction; since wild zebrafish swim in large groups, researchers think this helps them coordinate (协调) their movements. Not everyone is buying it. Cait Newport, a biologist from the University of Oxford, says that it’s still unclear why fish would yawn together. She notes the directional change doesn’t prove that fish in the wild would use yawning to coordinate their movements. Noam Miller, a psychologist at Canada’s Wilfrid Laurier University, points out that we need to know if fish yawn contagiously for the same reasons as warm-blooded animals. Palagi says why animals yawn is still an open question, but zebrafish are perfect for further study. "This study opens the floodgates for many more studies to come." 8．What does the underlined word "mimic" in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Hide. B. Speed. C. Point out. D. Look like. 9．What did the researchers need to do during the study? A. Tell zebrafish’s yawns from their normal breathing. B. Compare home-raised zebrafish to wild zebrafish. C. Let zebrafish see some videos of human yawning. D. Use an AI model to control videos of zebrafish. 10．What did the researchers find? A. Wild zebrafish changed direction after yawning. B. Zebrafish yawned more than warm-blooded species. C. Zebrafish yawned when seeing other fish yawn in videos. D. Contagious yawning helped zebrafish find food in groups. 11．What is Cait Newport’s attitude towards the research? A. Curious. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Unclear. Earthworms（蚯蚓）are well-known for their ability to enrich and improve soil. Yet, their precise impact on plant growth has remained a mystery. Now, two groundbreaking studies have found that they not only boost crop yields（产量）but also protect plants from harmful microplastics. In late 2023, a research team from Colorado State University (CSU) reported that earthworms are responsible for 6.5 percent-or 140 million tons-of global food production annually. This is comparable to Russia’s annual grain harvest, which is the world’s fourth largest. CSU’s Steven Fonte and his team drew this conclusion after a comprehensive study. They surveyed earthworm populations, soil qualities, and crop yields from around the world. The researchers focused on four grains-rice, maize, wheat, and barley. The team found that the earthworms’ impact was significant in developing countries. For example, they helped increase grain yields by 10 percent in sub-Saharan Africa and 8 percent in Latin America. Fonte and his team believe farmers in these regions likely lack easy access to chemical fertilizers（化肥）. This makes them more reliant on earthworm-rich organic matter, such as manure. "Earthworms are contributing a lot in these areas where we have fewer chemical inputs," Fonte said."If we manage our soils in a more sustainable way, we can better make use of this biodiversity and produce more sustainable agroecosystems." Earthworms help plant growth in several ways. Their burrowing creates channels that loosen the soil and let in fresh air. This allows water to run down from the surface and be stored underground. The earthworms’ constant movement helps mix the soil’s organic matter, making the nutrients more available to plants. In a 2024 study scientists at Nankai University found that earthworms can also protect plants from microplastic pollution. The researchers tested this by placing tomato plants in soil polluted by tiny plastics. They found that when earthworms were present, the plants grew well despite the pollution. They were also able to drive away common plant-eating insects. The scientists believe that earthworms help boost the tomato plants’ immune systems. This makes them better withstand environmental changes. 12．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A.The methods used in the study. B.The impact of microplastics on crops. C.The types of grains studied in the research. D.Earthworms’ contribution to global food output. 13．What is one benefit of managing soil with earthworms? A.Greater crop diversity. B.More sustainable farming. C.Richer organic matter. D.Enough chemical fertilizer supply. 14．What does the underlined word "burrowing" in paragraph 6 mean? A.Transporting. B.Resting. C.Growing. D.Digging. 15．What did the Nankai University study find about earthworms? A.They killed insects harmful to plants. B.They helped carry away microplastics. C.They protected plants from environmental stress. D.They grew well in spite of environmental pollution. 二、七选五 16．Adults should be getting at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity (中等强度) exercise every week, according to the Physical Activity Guidelines published recently. The guidelines advise adults to do muscle-strengthening activities of moderate or greater intensity at least twice per week. ①____________ “Engaging in a variety of exercises is definitely beneficial,” Voos, who is head team doctor for a football team, said. “Your body needs different ranges of motion, strength and stability. ②____________” This is especially true for children. Sports medicine experts have long encouraged kids to play multiple sports and not to specialize in one at a young age. A lot of data on the topic shows children who specialize in a sport when young have an increased risk of injury. ③____________ They are less bored with exercise and enjoy greater sports achievements when they are older. ④____________ Voos said football players at training camp might do a lot of conditioning one day, then work on flexibility and balance the next, then move onto strength training, all of which is intermixed with playing football. “So even at the highest levels, our athletes are exposing their bodies to different motions,” Voos said. Another plus to shaking things up with your exercise routine, especially if you prefer one activity, is that it helps prevent the plateau (高原) effect. ⑤____________ That’s because your body has become very efficient at the movements. To overcome such pauses, you need to change your movement routine and stimulate your body in different ways. While changing up your exercise is important for many reasons, experts don’t have specific recommendations for how many different exercises you need to do each week or month to achieve the most benefit. But it’s important to work all of your muscle groups each week, if possible, to strengthen them all. A. However, the children who don’t specialize tend to be healthier. B. This is a period of time when progress in your favored sport stops. C. They also note that varying your exercises can prevent overuse injuries. D. But adults and even professional athletes need to vary their routines, too. E. Cross-training lets your body see all of those different movements each week. F. So they say even simple exercises done at work or home are beneficial, too. G. Those who have the largest amount in their physical activity live the longest. 三、完形填空（15空） One day, I logged on to social software and realized that I was very close to having 700 online "friends". Not bad, I thought to myself,        1        of how many online pals, acquaintances and even        2        I had managed to sign up. But I had        3        with some of them, for the usual reasons—jobs in other cities, family life, limited social time, etc. I had fewer friends to hang out with than I'd ever had before. So I decided to have a party at my neighbourhood bar. I used social software to invite my        4        friends. After a week the        5        stopped coming in. I figured that about 20 people would show up. That sounded pretty good to me—twenty        6        new friends. On the evening of the party, filled with        7        I headed to the bar and waited, and waited, and waited.         8        , one person showed up. I        9        with my new potential friend, Paula, doing my best to        10        that I wasn't frustrated (沮丧的) and embarrassed. We made small talk, but eventually we         11        things to say. When I watched her stride out into the night, I wasn't sure if our friendship would        12        . After she left, I stayed and waited for someone else to show up. It was nearing midnight and my        13        were disappearing. I finally realized that no one else was coming. I        14        myself and promised that I would spend less time online. Then I took a gulp of the beer. It was delicious but        15        —about seven hundred friends, and I was drinking alone. 17． A. aware B. scared C. thoughtful D. proud 18． A. enemies B. strangers C. employers D. friends 19． A. made friends B. teamed up C. lost contact D. held conversations 20． A. real-life B. imaginary C. ambitious D. digital 21． A. invitations B. responses C. callings D. beliefs 22． A. close B. honest C. potential D. available 23． A. confidence B. doubt C. carelessness D. impression 24． A. Unfortunately B. Eventually C. Unsurprisingly D. Actually 25． A. danced B. reasoned C. chatted D. argued 26． A. pretend B. deny C. explain D. grasp 27． A. found out B. turned out C. ran out of D. got rid of 28． A. fade B. decline C. wind D. grow 29． A. dreams B. hopes C. frustrations D. appointments 30． A. toasted B. perceived C. believed D. predicted 31． A. precise B. bittersweet C. curious D. apparent 四、短文填空 32．Chinese scientist Lu Qi ①_____________________ (award) the title of 2024 Champions of the Earth of Science and Innovation by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) for his contributions to ②_____________________ (address) desertification (沙漠化), land degradation and drought on last Tuesday. Lu is the chief scientist of the Chinese Academy of Forestry and founding president of the Institute of Great Green Wall. He is the first Chinese ③___________________ has been honored in this category. According to the UNEP, Lu has played a key role in carrying out the world’s largest afforestation (造林) project ④______________ in establishing expert research networks and partnerships. This award is the highest ⑤_____________________ (recognize) and greatest encouragement for China’s forestry and grassland efforts, especially for the scientists and technologists ⑥__________________ (devote) to sand control. The annual Champions of the Earth Award, the UN’s highest environmental honor, recognizes pioneers making efforts ⑦_____________________ (protect) the people and the planet. 122 recipients (接受者) of the award have been honored for outstanding and inspirational environmental leadership ⑧________________ 2005. Lu said the Champions of the Earth Award would inspire more scientists and ecological workers, particularly younger generations, to contribute ⑨___________________ (active) to global environmental protection and the achievement of the UN’s 2030 Goals. Lu also expressed a desire to see more ⑩____________________ (effect) and adaptable desertification control technologies shared globally through initiatives such as China’s Belt and Road Initiative and the Global Development Initiative. 五、书面表达 33．假定你是李华，你校在五一国际劳动节举办了烹饪比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1.活动过程； 2.活动反响。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Cooking Competition on Labor Day ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、读后续写 34．The scorching sun beat down on our sixth — grade class hiking through Blue Mountains. Mr. Thompson, our outdoor education teacher, kept reminding us: “Drink water, watch your footing, and remember-every scratch here could become a life lesson.” My best mate Josh chuckled, balancing his water bottle like a circus act. “Relax, Em! We’ve done CPR drills a million times. What’s the worst that could —” A sharp cry cut through the air. Twenty meters ahead, Lily-the quiet exchange student from Japan-had stumbled into a dried riverbed. Her leg was pinned beneath a pointed rock, blood soaking through her trousers. “I... I think I heard a crack,” she whispered, her face ghostly pale. Mr. Thompson knelt beside her, his voice steady but urgent. “Lily, don’t move. Everyone else-backpacks off! Josh, get the first aid kit. Emily, find two straight branches for splints (夹板). Now!” My hands shook as I pressed a bandage against Lily’s wound. Josh froze, staring at the odd angle of her leg. “Focus!” Mr. Thompson snapped, his tone softening as he addressed Lily. “You’re doing brilliantly. Breathe slowly.   Help’s coming.” He turned to us, rapid — firing instructions: “Josh-control bleeding. Use the pressure bandage from the yellow pouch.” “Emily-stabilize the leg. Remember the ‘above and below’ rule for splint placement.” “Sophie-call emergency services. GPS coordinates (坐标) are on my watch.” Lily gripped my wrist as I positioned the branches. “Will I... walk again?” Her whisper sent chills down my spine. “Of course you will,” I lied, recalling last week’s first — aid lecture: Broken bones risk infection. Immobilization is critical. I tightened the bandages, whispering apologies each time she screamed. As dusk approached, the radio crackled with bad news — Ambulance needs 90 minutes. Josh suddenly lunged toward the first aid kit. “Her lips are turning blue! What if it’s shock?” 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Lift her legs a bit more,” Mr. Thompson directed. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At last, the ambulance arrived. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 参考答案 1．答案：C 解析：原文定位第一段最后一句：Coastal Cleanup Crew volunteers are essential in safeguarding marine habitats and protecting vulnerable species safeguard marine habitats = 保护海洋栖息地protect species = 保护物种→ 合起来就是 保护海洋生态系统（marine ecosystems）排除A 推广旅游 → 没提B 研究洋流 → 没提D 建造娱乐设施 → 没提 2．答案：B 解析：原文定位AGE 部分第一句：Volunteers must be 10 or older.最低年龄要求：10 岁 3．答案：B 解析：原文定位AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING 部分：Work continues in light rain — bring a waterproof jacket!志愿者必须做好小雨天继续工作的准备。排除A 自带专业工具 → 原文说 equipment provided（工具会提供）C 穿统一服装 → 没提D 参加全部三场活动 → 没要求必须全参加 4．答案：C 解析：原文定位第二段核心句：And agriculture is becoming its largest share of climate pollution, putting lawmakers under intense public pressure to reduce it. So now, Denmark’s government, has agreed to tax the methane emissions released by farm animals.原因明确指向：农业是气候污染的最大来源，政府因此决定对农场动物排放的甲烷征税。选项 C To reduce climate pollution from animals（减少来自动物的气候污染）与原文完全吻合。排除A 通过新税收促进旅游 → 原文首句虽提到旅游，但征税核心是环保，排除。B 改善农场动物福利 → 原文未提及福利，只提污染，排除。D 引领环保 → 虽是事实，但不是征税的直接原因（reason），排除。 5．答案：B 解析：原文定位第四段：The tax is part of a larger package designed to... eventually restore some farmland to its natural form, like peat lands...该税收是一揽子计划的一部分，最终目标是将部分农田恢复为自然形态（如泥炭地）。选项 B It aims to ultimately restore natural landscapes（旨在最终恢复自然景观）是对原文的准确同义替换。排除A 遭大多数公民反对 → 第三段引述市民 Rasmus 表示支持，排除。C 将快速解决农业污染 → 第六段提到该税要到 2030 年才开始征收，且是多年谈判结果，说明非 “快速” 解决，排除。D 借鉴美国 → 第五段只说丹麦给美国敲响警钟，未说借鉴，排除。 6．答案：D 解析：段落逻辑分析第六段内容层层递进：全球背景：粮食系统占 1/4 温室气体，难处理。难点：需要在饮食、就业、产业上做艰难选择（tough choices）。结果：减排面临强烈抵制（strong resistance），新西兰提案被推翻，丹麦提案也历经多年辩论。整段都在论述减少农业排放面临的种种困难与挑战。选项 D Explaining the challenges in cutting farm emissions（解释减少农场排放的挑战）完美概括全段。排除A 赞扬该措施 → 全段基调是 “困难”，非赞扬，排除。B 比较不同国家政策 → 只是举例，非主旨，排除。C 讨论减排好处 → 未提好处，只谈困难，排除。 7．答案：A 解析：文章主旨文章结构：引入：丹麦将成为首个征收动物打嗝与粪便税的国家。背景：丹麦畜牧业污染严重，征税迫在眉睫。反应：市民支持，是环保计划一部分。国际影响：给其他国家敲响警钟。现实挑战：征税过程曲折，未来土地利用仍有难题。全文围绕丹麦开创性的（groundbreaking）动物甲烷排放税展开。选项 A Denmark’s groundbreaking emission tax（丹麦开创性的排放税）是对全文核心内容的最佳概括。排除B 重塑全球农业 → 原文只说 “敲响警钟”，程度过重，排除。C 农业未来 → 仅最后一段提一句，非主旨，排除。D 全球减排斗争 → 范围太大，文章重点在丹麦，排除。 8．答案：D 9．答案：A 10．答案：C 11．答案：B 12．答案：D 解析：第二段第一句earthworms are responsible for 6.5 percent--or 140 million tons--of global food production annually.第二段核心是蚯蚓对全球粮食产量的贡献,用具体数据说明。A(研究方法)→第三段内容B(微塑料影响)→第七段内容C(研究谷物种类)→第三段内容D(蚯蚓对全球粮食产量的贡献)→完全匹配。 13．答案：B 解析：第五段produce more sustainable agroecosystems.用蚯蚓管理土壤的好处是让农业更可持续。A(作物多样性)→未提及B(更可持续的农业)→正确C(更丰富有机物)→是蚯蚓的作用,不是管理土壤的最终好处D(充足化肥供应)→相反,这些地区缺少化肥。 14．答案：D 解析：第六段Their burrowing creates channels that loosen the soil…burrowing 意思是钻土、挖洞,只有digging 符合。A 运输B 休息C 生长D 挖、钻→正确。 15．答案：C 解析：第七段earthworms can also protect plants from micro plastic pollution…help boost the tomato plants' immune systems. This makes them better withstand environmental changes.南开大学研究发现:蚯蚓能保护植物抵御环境压力(微塑料、虫害)。A(杀死害虫)→原文是drive away (驱赶), 不是kill B(带走微塑料)→未提及C(保护植物免受环境压力)→正确D(在污染中长得好)→是植物长得好,不是蚯蚓。 16．答案：C；E；A；D；B 解析：①由上文“The guidelines advise adults to do muscle-strengthening activities of moderate or greater intensity at least twice per week. (该指南建议成年人每周至少进行两次中等强度或更高强度的肌肉强化活动。)”及下文““Engaging in a variety of exercises is definitely beneficial,” Voos, who is head team doctor for a football team, said. (“进行多样化的体育锻炼绝对是有益的，”足球队首席队医沃斯说道。)”可知，上文提到成年人每周应进行一定强度的肌肉强化活动，下文引出进行多种锻炼有益的观点，本空应说明变化锻炼方式的好处，C选项“他们还指出，变化锻炼方式可以防止过度使用造成的伤害。”能承上启下，符合语境。 ②由上文““Engaging in a variety of exercises is definitely beneficial,” Voos, who is head team doctor for a football team, said.(“进行多样化的体育锻炼绝对是有益的，”足球队首席队医沃斯说道。)”和“Your body needs different ranges of motion, strength and stability. (你的身体需要不同的运动范围、力量和稳定性。)”可知，上文提出身体需要不同的活动幅度、力量和稳定性，本空应说明如何能让身体获得各类不同运动锻炼。E选项“交叉训练让你的身体每周都能接触到所有这些不同的动作。”能承接上文，符合语境。 ③由上文“A lot of data on the topic shows children who specialize in a sport when young have an increased risk of injury. (很多关于这个话题的数据显示，小时候专门从事一项运动的儿童受伤的风险增加。)”及下文“They are less bored with exercise and enjoy greater sports achievements when they are older. (他们对锻炼不那么厌倦，长大后也能取得更大的体育成就。)”可知，上文提到小时候专门从事一项运动的儿童受伤风险增加，下文说明不专门从事一项运动的儿童的好处，本空应说明不专门从事一项运动的儿童的情况，A选项“然而，不专门从事一项运动的儿童往往更健康。”能承上启下，符合语境。 ④由下文“Voos said football players at training camp might do a lot of conditioning one day, then work on flexibility and balance the next, then move onto strength training, all of which is intermixed with playing football. (沃斯说，训练营的足球运动员可能有一天会进行大量的体能训练，第二天会进行灵活性和平衡性训练，然后进行力量训练，所有这些都与踢足球交织在一起。)”可知，下文举例说明足球运动员也进行多种训练，本空应说明成年人甚至专业运动员也需要变化训练方式，D选项“但成年人甚至专业运动员也需要改变他们的常规训练。”能引出下文，符合语境。 ⑤由上文“Another plus to shaking things up with your exercise routine, especially if you prefer one activity, is that it helps prevent the plateau (高原) effect. (另一个改变锻炼常规的好处，特别是如果你更喜欢一项活动，是它有助于防止高原效应。)”及下文“That’s because your body has become very efficient at the movements. (那是因为你的身体对这些动作已经非常熟练了。)”可知，上文提到改变锻炼常规有助于防止高原效应，下文解释高原效应产生的原因，本空应说明高原效应是什么，B选项“这是一段时间，你在喜欢的运动上的进步停止了。”能承上启下，符合语境。 17．答案：D 解析：根据前文I logged on to social software and realized that I was very close to having 700 online "friends"以及Not bad可知，作者登录社交软件发现自己有将近700名线上“好友”，觉得还不错，因此作者很为自己自豪。aware意为“意识到的；明白的”; scared意为“害怕的”; thoughtful意为“体贴的；沉思的”; proud意为“自豪的”。故选D项。 18．答案：B 解析：根据空前的acquaintances and even及设空处后的I had managed to sign up可知，作者已经添加了线上朋友、熟人，甚至是陌生人，他们都成了作者将近700名线上“好友”中的一员。故选B项。 19．答案：C 解析：根据下文I had fewer friends to hang out with than I'd ever had before.可知，因为各种原因，一些朋友跟作者已经失去了联系。make friends意为“交朋友”; team up意为“结成一队”; lose contact意为“失去联系”; hold conversations意为“进行对话”。故选C项。 20．答案：D 解析：根据前文One day, I logged on to social software and realized that I was very close to having 700 online "friends"可 知，作者打算邀请社交软件上的好友参加聚会，他们都是作者线上的“好友”。digital意为“数字的”，符合语境。故选 D项。 21．答案：B 解析：根据前文I used social software to invite my ________ friends.可知，作者发出邀请后应该有回复。invitation意为“邀请”; response意为“答复”; calling意为“使命感”; belief 意为“信仰”。故选B项。 22．答案：C 解析：根据下文I____ with my new potential friend, Paula 可知，可能会有大约20个与作者发展友谊的潜在的新朋友。potential意为“可能的；潜在的”，符合语境。故选C项。 23．答案：A 解析：根据前文That sounded pretty good to me—twenty ________ new friends.可知，有人回复会来参加聚会，这使作者感到信心满满。confidence意为“信心”; doubt意为“不确定；怀疑”；carelessness意为“粗心；疏忽”; impression意为“印象”。故选A项。 24．答案：B 解析：根据前文and waited, and waited可知，最后有一位朋友来了。eventually意为“最后”，符合语境。故选B项。 25．答案：C 解析：根据后文We made small talk可知，此处指作者与葆拉聊天。故选C项。 26．答案：A 解析：根据下文that I wasn't frustrated and embarrassed可知，上文讲到作者对新朋友会来充满自信，可是此时此刻，只有一个人来了，作者感到失落，但是要假装不沮丧也不尴尬。pretend意为“假装”; deny意为“否定；否认”; explain意为“解释”; grasp意为“理解；领会”。故选A项。 27．答案：C 解析：根据下文When I watched her stride out into the night可 知，作者和葆拉很快就把话题聊完了。findout意为“查明；发现”; turn out意为“生产；制造”; run out of意为“用完”； get rid of意为“摆脱”。故选C项。 28．答案：D 解析：根据前文When I watched her stride out into the night可知，作者不确定这种友谊是否能继续发展。故选D项。 29．答案：B 解析：根据前文It was nearing midnight及后文I finally realized that no one else was coming.可知，已经快到午夜了，作者意识到不会有人出现了，所以希望破灭了。故选B项。 30．答案：A 解析：根据后文Then I took a gulp of the beer.和drinking alone可知，此处应为作者自斟自酌。toast意为“为……举杯敬酒”，符合语境。故选A项。 31．答案：B 解析：本句中It指啤酒。根据破折号后的内容可知，酒尝起来美味，但此刻作者却尝到甜中带苦的味道，暗指作者此刻的心境。precise意为“精确的”; bittersweet意为“甜中带苦的；苦乐参半的”; curious意为“好奇的”; apparent意为“显然的”。故选B项。 32．答案：was awarded；addressing；that/who；and；recognition；devoted；to protect；since；actively；effective 解析：①考点：一般过去时被动语态标志：last Tuesday（过去时间）逻辑：Lu Qi 被授予称号 → 被动结构：was/were + 过去分词句意：上周二，卢琦被授予2024 年地球卫士奖。 ②考点：固定搭配短语：contributions to doing sth. 对做某事的贡献to 是介词，后面接doing句意：为应对沙漠化、土地退化和干旱做出贡献。 ③考查定语从句。句意：他是首位获此殊荣的中国人。“___has been honored in this category”是定语从句，先行词是Chinese,指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或who引导。故填that或who。 ④考查连词。句意：据联合国环境规划署称，卢琦在实施世界上最大的植树造林项目以及建立专家研究网络和伙伴关系方面发挥了关键作用。in carrying out the world’ s largest afforestation (造林)project与in establishing expert research networks and partnerships是并列关系，所以用连词and连接。故填and。 ⑤考点：动词变名词结构：the highest + 名词recognize → recognition（认可）句意：该奖项是最高的认可。 ⑥考点：过去分词作定语短语：be devoted to 致力于……作定语省略 be，直接用 devoted句意：致力于治沙的科学家和技术人员。 ⑦考点：固定搭配短语：make efforts to do sth. 努力做某事句意：努力保护人类和地球。 ⑧考点：现在完成时标志句型：have been honored since 2005 自 2005 年以来句意：自2005 年以来，已有 122 位获奖者。 ⑨考点：副词修饰动词contribute actively to… 积极为…… 做贡献active → actively句意：积极为全球环保做贡献。 ⑩考点：形容词修饰名词 technologies，用形容词 effective（有效的）句意：更有效的治沙技术。 33．答案：作答示例一 Cooking Competition on Labor Day To celebrate Labor Day and encourage the spirit of hard work, a cooking competition was held in our school canteen, which attracted dozens of students. Participants were required to cook a dish within 30 minutes. They washed, cut and stirred carefully. The air was filled with smells and laughter. Dishes like fried eggs and dumplings were made. Then a group of judges made up of teachers and students tasted and scored each dish. The activity was a great success. Everyone loved the food cooked by themselves, saying it was the most delicious food they had ever tasted. 作答示例二 Cooking Competition on Labor Day To celebrate Labor Day and encourage craftsmanship, a thrilling cooking competition took place in our school canteen, drawing dozens of enthusiastic participants. The process was intense and inspiring. Working in pairs, participants were challenged to prepare a classic Chinese dish within 30 minutes. From precise slicing to skillful stir-frying, every step required cooperation and creativity. Finally, judged by a panel of teachers and students, the first prize went to a superb Mapo Tofu. The event was a big success. We realized each dish came from hard work and dedication and developed a deeper respect for laborers. 解析：1. 词汇积累 吸引：attract→draw 要求：require→demand 搅拌：stir→mix 组成：be made up of→consist of 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Participants were required to cook a dish within 30 minutes. 拓展句：Participants, who were full of enthusiasm, were required to cook a dish within 30 minutes, which added to the excitement of the competition. 【高分句型1】To celebrate Labor Day and encourage the spirit of hard work, a cooking competition was held in our school canteen, which attracted dozens of students.（运用不定式作目的状语，同时which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Then a group of judges made up of teachers and students tasted and scored each dish.（运用过去分词短语made up of teachers and students作后置定语） 34．答案：“Lift her legs a bit more,” Mr. Thompson directed. He wrapped an emergency blanket around her. “Keep talking to her — anything to keep her awake.” Sophie, Josh and I took turns telling jokes that made Lily groan despite the pain. Her faint laughter was the sweetest sound. But as the air grew colder, her grip weakened. “Stay with us,” Mr. Thompson urged. “Tell us about Tokyo’s cherry blossoms,” I added softly. She described busy markets and pink skies, struggling to stay conscious. At last, the ambulance arrived. The paramedics checked our work and nodded. “Great job — you stabilized her perfectly.” Lily squeezed my hand weakly before they carried her away. Three weeks later, she returned to class, slightly lame but bright. She placed a paper crane on my desk. “In Japan, this crane stands for healing. You helped me hold on.” Deeply moved, I decided then that I would always be someone who help people stand up again when they fall. 解析：1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“‘把她的腿再抬高一点。’汤普森先生指挥道。”可知，第一段可以描写众人在汤普森先生的指导下救助受伤的莉莉，轮流和她说话、讲笑话让她保持清醒，莉莉强忍疼痛回应大家，在寒冷中大家不断鼓励她不要放弃。 ②由第二段句首内容“终于，救护车到了。”可知，第二段可以描写救护车赶到，医护人员肯定了大家的急救措施，莉莉被送走；三周后莉莉康复返校，送给作者象征康复的纸鹤并表达感谢，作者深受触动并立下要帮助他人的志向，点明文章主旨。 2.续写线索：汤普森先生指挥——众人施救 —— 不断鼓励维持清醒 —— 救护车赶到——送医救治 ——莉莉康复返校致谢 —— 收到纸鹤深受感动 —— 立下助人志向升华主旨 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①用急救毯包裹她：wrap an emergency blanket around her/cover her with an emergency blanket ②轮流做某事：take turns doing sth./do sth. in turn ③努力保持清醒：struggle to stay conscious/try hard to keep awake 情绪类 ①感动：move/touch ②悦耳的：sweet/musical 【高分句型1】Sophie, Josh and I took turns telling jokes that made Lily groan despite the pain. (运用了that引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】Lily squeezed my hand weakly before they carried her away. (运用了before引导的时间状语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $