精品解析：北京市第一六一中学2025-2026学年第二学期期中阶段练习高一英语试卷

北京市第一六一中学2025—2026学年第二学期期中阶段练习 高一英语 2026.4 本试卷共6页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 听力理解（共三节，20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. When did the fire probably break out? A. At 9 pm. B. At 8 pm. C. At 7 pm. 2. What does the man usually do after waking up in the morning? A. Brush his teeth. B. Check the weather forecast. C. Go out. 3. What’s the weather like in Beijing? A. Hot. B. Cold. C. Windy. 4. Where does the man like watching movies? A. On cellphones. B. In rooms with WiFi. C. In the theater. 5. What will the woman probably do? A. Clear useless data. B. Remove unwanted apps. C. Buy a new phone. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，15分） 听下面四段对话。每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Boss and secretary. B. Receptionist and guest. C. Ticket agent and customer. 7. When is the Chinese Music Concert? A. On 15th. B. On 28th. C. On 30th. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. What does the man want to do? A. Visit the manager. B. Rent an apartment. C. Ask for directions. 9. What is the man expected to bring with him? A. An application form. B. The MapQuest. C. His driver’s license. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Who is the woman buying a gift for? A. Her mother. B. Her father. C. Her sister. 11. What will the woman probably buy? A. A fry pan. B. Wine glasses. C. A Chinese teapot. 12. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a store. B. At a wine shop. C. In a kitchen. 听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。 13. What does the woman want to be? A. A manager. B. A doctor. C. A lawyer. 14. What helps one to be successful according to the speakers? A. Parents’ assistance. B. True interest. C. Great ambition. 15. What are the speakers talking about? A. University life. B. The future plan. C. A law firm. 第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分） 听下面一段独白，完成第16至20题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。 Job Interview Tips Tip 1 16 appropriately Tip 2 Do some 17 on the company to know if you have the needed 18 or experience Tip 3 Tell them why you would be the best 19 , in a 20 and direct way 第二部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My Hero What does it mean to be a hero? I think a hero is someone who goes out of his way to make others happy. My hero is Mr. Wright, my chorus (合唱队) teacher. When I was 12 years old, my grandparents passed away. I was really close to them, and losing them was the hardest thing I’ve ever had to ____1____ through. I couldn’t eat, sleep, or think; I felt like I couldn’t even breathe. It was as if my whole world had fallen down from under me, and I ____2____ into this huge hole of depression (抑郁). Although I was battling depression, I was determined to make my high school years the best of my life. It was difficult to be ____3____, but I had to try. I joined Women’s Choir. Mr. Wright was the choral director and he was so funny that the first day, I just knew I had made the best ____4____ of my life. As the year progressed, I loved chorus more and more. I began to smile again and really enjoy life. Then one day that all changed. My friends — or those that I thought were my friends — started talking about me behind my back. I was ____5____, and I sat by myself. Mr. Wright came over and asked what was wrong. The look in his eyes told me that I could ____6____ him. Trying hard to ____7____ back tears, I told him the whole story. When I finished, he nodded and told me, “If you never learn anything from me, learn this: No one is worth ____8____ your joy.” What Mr. Wright said really struck a chord (心弦) in my heart. He ____9____ cared about me and what was going on. I’ll never be able to thank him enough, because he not only saved me but has influenced every day of it since. Any time I feel like giving _____10_____, I remember Mr. Wright’s words and push forward. I’m proud to say that I _____11_____ my depression, and I’m now a senior. I’m still a part of chorus, and now I’m also in the best choir at my school. Mr. Wright is a hero _____12_____ everyone he meets. He cares about every single person who walks through his door, and he loves what he does more than any other teacher I’ve known. That’s _____13_____ he deserves to be Educator of the Year. He deserves the _____14_____ not just this year but every year. I’m glad I had the opportunity to meet you, Mr. Wright. You are an _____15_____ teacher, and I hope you realize that. You’re my hero. 1. A. put B. walk C. run D. go 2. A. looked B. broke C. fell D. turned 3. A. happy B. calm C. smart D. confident 4. A. suggestion B. decision C. effort D. offer 5. A. refused B. forgotten C. hurt D. trapped 6. A. trust B. impress C. respect D. satisfy 7. A. set B. fight C. take D. call 8. A. stealing B. sharing C. hiding D. feeling 9. A. cheerfully B. normally C. exactly D. truly 10. A. off B. out C. up D. away 11. A. suffered B. beat C. developed D. saved 12. A. about B. with C. at D. to 13. A. when B. what C. where D. why 14. A. title B. job C. help D. name 15. A. amusing B. ambitious C. amazing D. advanced 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列句子，根据句子内容填空。在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 16. If you want to see Laura, please wait a moment. She ________ (discuss) with her editor about her new book. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17. A group of energetic volunteers worked ________ (creative) together to find a new way to save the endangered species. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18. The ________ (shock) news about the volcanic eruption quickly spread across the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19. In the past ten years, effective measures ________ (take) to protect the wildlife and prevent the environment from being damaged. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20. We were ________ (inspire) to explore the unknown world after watching the movie about the great explorer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 21. The man, from ________ we learned a lot about environmental protection, is a renowned environmentalist. (用适当的词填空) 22. The writer, ________ works are popular among teenagers, will be invited to give a lecture on his way to success this Friday. (用适当的词填空) 23. The villagers have planted many trees on the hillside, ________ will help prevent future landslides. (用适当的词填空) 24. The Forbidden City, ________ ancient Chinese emperors once lived and worked, is now open to the public. (用适当的词填空) 25. It is a time ________ everything can be done with just a few taps on our smartphones. (用适当的词填空) 第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A For over 30 years, Rainbow Montessori in Addison has given children a place to grow and explore the world around them, and they’re still going strong today. With 20 years in the same location, the school is “not going anywhere,” says Dave Rodenborn, a son of the school’s founders. As general director, Dave has overseen many improvements, including a new playground for the preschool and a complete modernization. The school serves families of children from 6 weeks to 6th grade. This allows them to have programs in baby care, preschool, kindergarten, and elementary. The curriculum has developed over the decades, most notably in the elementary. At first somewhat jokingly referred to as “Monte-sorta,” due to its relaxed application of the Montessori Method, the school’s elementary now stresses a more traditional Montess environment. Montessori associates abstract concepts with concrete sensorial (感觉的) experiences, ensuring that children are involved in learning, not just memorization. Classrooms still have a creative, casual feel, with children having freedom of choice, but in keeping with Montessori principles, they work within a framework. This helps them learn about freedom within limits, maximizing their potential. The truly international Rainbow Montessori staff comes from a wide range of backgrounds, all Montessori-trained. “They are an energetic, devoted group,” says Dave. “They are loyal, caring and like what they do a lot. I’d say a good 30 to 40 percent of them have been here for almost a decade or more.” Dave says that his favorite part of being at Rainbow Montessori is “making things grow”. By that, he doesn’t mean it in the sense of the organic, but by “coming up with good solutions to problems as they occur.” This is reflective of Montessori beliefs, in which each child learns to use the right tools and discover solutions for themselves. Dave credits a strong staff and great parents with lots of patience for helping to make Rainbow Montessori an ideal place for children to learn and grow. Rainbow Montessori 790 East Duane Ave., Addison (408)738-3261 www.rainbow-montessori.com 26. What do we know about Rainbow Montessori school? A. It was founded by Dave Rodenborn. B. It has stood at the same place for 20 years. C. Its students range from kindergarten to primary. D. Half of its staff have worked there for ten years. 27. According to Paragraph 2, what is the characteristic of Rainbow Montessori? A. Students are expected to memorize concepts. B. Classroom regulations are highly stressed. C. Students are free to choose subjects. D. Active learning is encouraged. 28. By saying “making things grow” in the last paragraph, Dave means the school . A. tries its best to prevent problems from occurring B. provides suitable learning tools for each single child C. creates a natural environment for the growth of students D. encourages students to find proper ways to solve problems B Tony Hawk, who I thought was bigger than life, came in the room and then the interview began. As the world’s greatest skateboarder, he talked about how his life was not always so miraculous (奇迹般的). He mentioned one day he was skating on top of the world, and the next day the sport of skateboarding fell right on its face. Life for Tony has had its ups and downs, and what brought him back up was the way he believed in himself. One of the most tragic events in Tony’s life was that his father passed away. Although he suffered such pain, he never lost sight of his dream. He put his energy into his dream, which helped him overcome his sadness. One part of Tony that completely impressed me is the way he accepts himself. His goal is never to do better than others, but to do his best. If he does the best he can, it doesn’t matter how anyone else takes him. That’s true and wise. As for me, I play baseball and things aren’t going so well, but I’m trying my hardest, that’s life. It’s how you approach those bad days that will keep you on top. Confidence brought Tony to the next level. During our meeting he continually talked about the importance of following one’s dream. He also said, along with that, one needs to have a strong faith in one’s own ability to achieve that dream, no matter what challenges are presented. By the end, I didn’t see the same guy who had walked through the door an hour earlier. Now I view him as more than a world-class skateboarder. He is also a normal person who has dealt with many of the same problems we all face, but the difference is, he is always able to rise above his problems by having faith in his dream. 29. The underlined part “fell right on its face” in Paragraph 2 means ______. A. failed B. finished C. continued D. happened 30. The example of the author’s playing baseball is used to show he ______. A. accepts Tony Hawk’s suggestion B. doesn’t want to play baseball anymore C. has the same view of life as Tony Hawk D. wants to be as successful as Tony Hawk 31. In the eyes of the author, what makes Tony Hawk special? A. His achievement. B. His unusual experience. C. His confidence in winning the game. D. His determination to realize his dream. 32. At the end of the interview, the author thinks Tony Hawk is very ______. A. real B. simple C. lucky D. proud C Researchers continue to show the power behind our sense of smell. Recent studies have found, among other things, that the smell of foods like pizza can cause uncontrollable anger in drivers on roads. The review explains that smell is unique in its effects on the brain. According to Conrad King, the researcher who carried out the review, "more than any other senses, the sense of smell goes through the logical part of the brain and acts on the systems concerned with feelings. This is why the smell of baking bread can destroy the best intentions of a dieter." Smell, which dictates the unbelievable complexity of food tastes, has always been the least understood of our senses. Our noses are able to detect up to 10,000 distinct smells. Our ability to smell and taste this extremely large range of smells is controlled by something like 1,000 genes (基因), which make up an amazing 3% of the human genome. Researchers Richard Axel and Linda Buck were together awarded a Nobel Prize in 2004 for their ground-breaking research on the nature of this extraordinary sense. These two scientists were the first to describe the family of 1,000 olfactory (嗅觉) genes and to explain how our olfactory system works. According to one study in the research review, smelling fresh pizza or even the packaging of fast foods can be enough to make drivers feel impatient with other road users. They are then more likely to speed and experience uncontrollable anger on roads. The most reasonable explanation is that these can all make drivers feel hungry, and therefore desperate to satisfy their appetites. In contrast, the smells of peppermint and cinnamon were shown to improve concentration levels as well as reduce drivers’ impatience. Similarly, the smells of lemon and coffee appeared to promote clear thinking and mental focus. However, the way genes regulate smell differs from person to person. A study by researchers in Israel has identified at least 50 olfactory genes which are switched on in some people and not in others. They believe this may explain why some of us love some smells and tastes while others hate them. The Israel researchers say their study shows that nearly every human being shows a different pattern of active and inactive smell-detecting receptors. 33. What did Richard Axel and Linda Buck find out? A. The category of food smells. B. The logical part of human brain. C. The nature of human olfactory system. D. The relationship between food and feelings. 34. Which of the following can help people concentrate? A. Bread. B. Fruits. C. Coffee. D. Fast food. 35. What do we know from the last paragraph? A. Some people can recognize up to 50 smells. B. Every person has a different pattern of genes. C. Different people are sensitive to different smells. D. There are still some olfactory genes to be found out. 36. What is the passage mainly about? A. Logic and behaviour. B. Smell and its influence. C. Sense ability and food tastes. D. Olfactory genes and its system. D Camaraderie over Competence The importance of liking people is the subject of an article in the Harvard Business Review, which has carried out an experiment to find out who we’d rather work with. Hardly surprisingly, the people we want most as our workmates are both: brilliant at their jobs and delightful human beings. And the people we want least are both unpleasant and useless. More interestingly, the authors found that, given the choice between working with lovable fools and competent jerks (性情古怪的人), we irresistibly choose the former. Anyway, who likes those stupid men who annoy or hurt other people? We might insist that competence matters more, but our behavior shows we stay close to the people we like and sharing information with them. What companies should therefore do is get people to like each other more. The trick here is apparently to make sure staffs come across each other as often as possible during the day. They also should be sent on bonding courses and so on to encourage friendliness and break down displeasure. However, more outdoor-activity weekends and shared coffee machines inspire no confidence at all. The reality is that people either like each other or they don’t. You can’t force it. Possibly you can make offices friendlier by tolerating a lot of chat, but there is a productivity cost to that. In my experience, the question of lovable fool against competent jerk may not be the right one. The two are interrelated: we tend not to like our workmates when they are completely hopeless. I was once quite friendly with a woman whom I later worked with. I found her to be so outstandingly bad at her job that I lost respect for her and ended up not really liking her at all. Then is there anything that companies should be doing about it? By far the most effective strategy would be to hire people who are all pretty much the same, given that similarity is one of the main determinants of whether we like each other. I think this is a pretty good idea, but no one dares recommend this anymore without offending the diversity lobby group. There is only one acceptable view on this subject: teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity. This may be true, though I have never seen any conclusive proof of it. Not only do we like similar people, we like people who like us. So if companies want to promote more liking, they should encourage a culture where we are all nice to each other. The trouble is that this needs to be done with some skill. 37. According to the research, which kind of colleagues would most people tend to choose? A. Nice but unintelligent. B. Creative but unattractive. C. Competent but unfriendly. D. Humorous but unambitious. 38. The author talks about her experience to show that ______. A. people respect outstanding leaders B. people tend to like optimistic workmates C. a workmate’s working ability is important D. talkative workmates makes offices friendlier 39. Some people think that similar people working together may ______. A. offend each other B. create fewer new ideas C. talk more and work less D. be likely to stick together 40. To encourage workmates to like each other, companies could ______. A. arrange the training course for workers to study together B. organize team-building activities outside the office C. encourage a diversity of opinions in workplace D. employ staff who have a lot in common 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sound like a list of your homework for the next few nights — or maybe even just for tonight?___41___ It’s your teachers’ way of evaluating how much you understand what’s going on in class. And it helps strengthen concepts. ____42____ It’s inviting to start with the easy things to get them out of the way. However, you’ll have the most energy and focus when you begin, so it’s best to use this mental power on the subjects that are most challenging. Later, when you’re more tired, you can focus on the simpler things. If you get stuck on a problem, try to figure it out as well as you can — but don’t spend too much time on it because this can mess up your homework schedule for the rest of the night. ___43___. But don’t pick someone whom you’ll be up all night chatting with, or you’ll never get it done! Most people’s attention spans aren’t very long, so take some breaks while doing your homework. Sitting for too long without relaxing will make you less productive than if you stop every so often. Taking a 15-minute break every hour is a good idea for most people.___44___ Once your homework is done, you can check over it if you have extra time. Be sure to put it safely away in your backpack — there’s nothing worse than having a completed assignment that you can’t find the next morning or that gets ruined by a careless brother or sister.___45___.Now you’re free to hang out. A. Homework is a major part of going to school. B. Luckily, you can do a few things to do less homework. C. When you start your homework, deal with the hardest tasks first. D. But if you’re really concentrating, wait until it’s a good time to stop. E. If you need to, ask an adult for help or call or email a classmate for advice. F. And no teacher still believes that “chewed by the dog” lie — even when it’s true! G. In conclusion, no one is expected to stay long, and people have very different learning styles. 第四部分 词汇知识（共两节，40分） 第一节 单词填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面句子，根据首字母或中文提示填写单词，并注意使用其正确形式。请在答题卡指定区域作答，并写出完整的拼写。 46. The children looked c________ at the unusual box, wondering what was inside. (根据首字母单词拼写) 47. He o________ carefully and took clear notes of every small change when doing experiments in the lab. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. The streets become c________ with visitors and shoppers as soon as the holiday season starts. You have to squeeze to get through. (根据首字母单词拼写) 49. She looked around a________ when she found she had lost her way in the new city. (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. It is absolutely i________ to see robots perform martial arts (武术) so skillfully on stage. The scene remains fresh in my mind as if it were yesterday. (根据首字母单词拼写) 51. We gain ________ (智慧) by reading, thinking and learning from experience. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. We should respect the ________ (独创) ideas of artists and not copy them without permission. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. The firefighter’s ________ (勇气) in risking his own life to save the girl moved all the people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. Being truly ________ (慷慨) means caring more about others and less about money or honor. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. Enough ________ (准备) before traveling reduces unnecessary trouble and thus makes our trip enjoyable. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第二节 短语填空（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分） 阅读下列句子，根据句子内容，选择恰当的短语填空，并注意使用其正确形式。 come across put out be engaged in be regarded as break down fight for be based on 56. Martin Luther King __________ justice and equal rights for black people. 57. The discovery of artemisinin __________ a breakthrough in the treatment of malaria. 58. Nowadays, many young people __________ protecting traditional culture in modern society. 59. I __________ this thought-provoking article about history the other day while reading online. 60. The experience tells me: True friendship __________ mutual trust and deep understanding. 第三节 翻译句子（共5小题；每小题4分，共20分） 用所给提示词或短语翻译下列句子。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 61. 快点！你的时间快要用光了。(run) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 62. 除了读书，她课余的时候还喜欢弹钢琴。（apart from）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 63. 一个有责任感的人永远不会背弃他的家人和朋友。(turn one’s back) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 64. 这种态度被证明对你的个人发展是有害的。（prove）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 65. 现在，越来越多的人意识到保持健康生活方式的重要性。(aware) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 第五部分 书面表达（20分） 66. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友来信，询问你最敬佩的人。请你给Jim回信，内容包括： 1．你最敬佩的人是谁； 2．你敬佩他/她的原因（至少给出两个）； 3．他/她对你的影响。 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市第一六一中学2025—2026学年第二学期期中阶段练习 高一英语 2026.4 本试卷共6页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 听力理解（共三节，20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. When did the fire probably break out? A. At 9 pm. B. At 8 pm. C. At 7 pm. 2. What does the man usually do after waking up in the morning? A. Brush his teeth. B. Check the weather forecast. C. Go out. 3. What’s the weather like in Beijing? A. Hot. B. Cold. C. Windy. 4. Where does the man like watching movies? A. On cellphones. B. In rooms with WiFi. C. In the theater. 5. What will the woman probably do? A. Clear useless data. B. Remove unwanted apps. C. Buy a new phone. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，15分） 听下面四段对话。每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Boss and secretary. B. Receptionist and guest. C. Ticket agent and customer. 7. When is the Chinese Music Concert? A. On 15th. B. On 28th. C. On 30th. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. What does the man want to do? A. Visit the manager. B. Rent an apartment. C. Ask for directions. 9. What is the man expected to bring with him? A. An application form. B. The MapQuest. C. His driver’s license. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Who is the woman buying a gift for? A. Her mother. B. Her father. C. Her sister. 11. What will the woman probably buy? A. A fry pan. B. Wine glasses. C. A Chinese teapot. 12. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a store. B. At a wine shop. C. In a kitchen. 听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。 13. What does the woman want to be? A. A manager. B. A doctor. C. A lawyer. 14. What helps one to be successful according to the speakers? A. Parents’ assistance. B. True interest. C. Great ambition. 15. What are the speakers talking about? A. University life. B. The future plan. C. A law firm. 第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分） 听下面一段独白，完成第16至20题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。 Job Interview Tips Tip 1 16 appropriately Tip 2 Do some 17 on the company to know if you have the needed 18 or experience Tip 3 Tell them why you would be the best 19 , in a 20 and direct way 第二部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My Hero What does it mean to be a hero? I think a hero is someone who goes out of his way to make others happy. My hero is Mr. Wright, my chorus (合唱队) teacher. When I was 12 years old, my grandparents passed away. I was really close to them, and losing them was the hardest thing I’ve ever had to ____1____ through. I couldn’t eat, sleep, or think; I felt like I couldn’t even breathe. It was as if my whole world had fallen down from under me, and I ____2____ into this huge hole of depression (抑郁). Although I was battling depression, I was determined to make my high school years the best of my life. It was difficult to be ____3____, but I had to try. I joined Women’s Choir. Mr. Wright was the choral director and he was so funny that the first day, I just knew I had made the best ____4____ of my life. As the year progressed, I loved chorus more and more. I began to smile again and really enjoy life. Then one day that all changed. My friends — or those that I thought were my friends — started talking about me behind my back. I was ____5____, and I sat by myself. Mr. Wright came over and asked what was wrong. The look in his eyes told me that I could ____6____ him. Trying hard to ____7____ back tears, I told him the whole story. When I finished, he nodded and told me, “If you never learn anything from me, learn this: No one is worth ____8____ your joy.” What Mr. Wright said really struck a chord (心弦) in my heart. He ____9____ cared about me and what was going on. I’ll never be able to thank him enough, because he not only saved me but has influenced every day of it since. Any time I feel like giving _____10_____, I remember Mr. Wright’s words and push forward. I’m proud to say that I _____11_____ my depression, and I’m now a senior. I’m still a part of chorus, and now I’m also in the best choir at my school. Mr. Wright is a hero _____12_____ everyone he meets. He cares about every single person who walks through his door, and he loves what he does more than any other teacher I’ve known. That’s _____13_____ he deserves to be Educator of the Year. He deserves the _____14_____ not just this year but every year. I’m glad I had the opportunity to meet you, Mr. Wright. You are an _____15_____ teacher, and I hope you realize that. You’re my hero. 1. A. put B. walk C. run D. go 2. A. looked B. broke C. fell D. turned 3. A. happy B. calm C. smart D. confident 4. A. suggestion B. decision C. effort D. offer 5. A. refused B. forgotten C. hurt D. trapped 6. A. trust B. impress C. respect D. satisfy 7. A. set B. fight C. take D. call 8. A. stealing B. sharing C. hiding D. feeling 9. A. cheerfully B. normally C. exactly D. truly 10. A. off B. out C. up D. away 11. A. suffered B. beat C. developed D. saved 12. A. about B. with C. at D. to 13. A. when B. what C. where D. why 14. A. title B. job C. help D. name 15. A. amusing B. ambitious C. amazing D. advanced 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了作者心中的英雄 —— 合唱队老师赖特先生的故事。作者在失去祖父母、被朋友背叛后陷入严重抑郁，赖特先生的真诚关心和一句 “没有人值得偷走你的快乐” 点醒了她，帮助她走出低谷。作者认为赖特先生关心每一个学生，是当之无愧的年度教育家，也是自己永远的英雄。 【1题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我和他们关系非常亲密，失去他们是我经历过的最艰难的事情。A. put (through) 接通（电话），使经历；B. walk (through) 走过，排练；C. run (through) 浏览，贯穿；D. go (through) 经历，通过。根据句意以及上文“and losing them was the hardest thing”可知，此处指失去祖父母是作者经历过的最艰难的事。go through为固定搭配，意为“经历（痛苦、困难等）”。 【2题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：仿佛我的整个世界在我脚下崩塌了，我掉进了巨大的抑郁深渊之中。A. looked (into) 调查，研究；B. broke (into) 闯入，突然开始；C. fell (into) 陷入，掉进；D. turned (into) 变成。根据前文“It was as if my whole world had fallen down from under me”说“仿佛整个世界都崩塌了”，可知，此处指的是掉进了抑郁的巨大深渊。 【3题详解】 考查形容词。句意：要快乐很难，但我必须尝试。A. happy开心的；B. calm冷静的；C. smart聪明的；D. confident自信的。根据下文“but I had to try”可知，作者正在与抑郁作斗争，因此很难感到“开心”，但她必须努力尝试。 【4题详解】 考查名词。句意：赖特先生是合唱团的负责人，他非常有趣，第一天见面时，我就知道这是我一生中做出的最佳决定。A. suggestion建议；B. decision决定；C. effort努力；D. offer提议，出价。根据上文“I joined Women’s Choir.”可知，作者主动加入了女子合唱队，这是她做出的一个 “决定”，固定搭配 make a decision 意为“做决定”。 【5题详解】 考查动词。句意：我受伤了，我独自坐在那里。A. refused拒绝；B. forgotten被遗忘；C. hurt受伤；D. trapped被困住。根据上文“My friends — or those that I thought were my friends — started talking about me behind my back.”可知，朋友在背后议论自己，这会让人感到“受伤”，符合语境逻辑。 【6题详解】 考查动词。句意：他眼中的神情告诉我，我可以信任他。A. trust信任；B. impress给…… 留下印象；C. respect尊重；D. satisfy使满意。根据上文“Mr. Wright came over and asked what was wrong.”可知，赖特先生关切的眼神让作者觉得可以“信任”他，所以才会向他倾诉自己的遭遇。 【7题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我努力忍住泪水，把事情的经过告诉了他。A. set (back) 推迟，阻碍；B. fight (back) 忍住，反击；C. take (back) 收回，拿回；D. call (back) 回电话。根据句意以及下文“I told him the whole story”可知，作者努力忍住泪水，把事情的经过告诉了他。fight back tears为固定搭配，意为“强忍住泪水”。 【8题详解】 考查动词。句意：讲完后，他点了点头，对我说：“如果你从我这里得不到任何启示，那就记住这一点：没有人值得去偷走你的快乐。”A. stealing偷，窃取；B. sharing分享；C. hiding隐藏；D. feeling感觉。根据上文“No one is worth”以及下文“your joy”可知，老师的话是在安慰被朋友伤害的作者，核心意思是“不要因为别人的错误而失去自己的快乐”。 【9题详解】 考查副词。句意：他真的关心着我以及发生在我身上的每一件事。A. cheerfully高兴地；B. normally正常地；C. exactly确切地；D. truly真正地，真诚地。根据上文语境以及下文“cared about me and what was going on”可知，从老师主动关心、耐心倾听并给出真诚建议可以看出，他是“真正地”在乎作者。 【10题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：每当我想要放弃的时候，我就会想起赖特先生的话，然后继续努力。A. (giving) off发出（光、热、气味等）；B. (giving) out分发，耗尽；C. (giving) up放弃；D. (giving) away赠送；泄露。根据下文“I remember Mr. Wright’s words and push forward”可知，每当作者想要放弃的时候，就会想起赖特先生的话，然后继续努力。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：我很自豪地说，我已经战胜了抑郁症，现在是一名高三学生。A. suffered遭受，忍受；B. beat战胜，打败；C. developed发展，养成；D. saved拯救；节省。根据后文“and I’m now a senior”以及“I’m still a part of chorus”提到作者现在是高三学生，还在学校最好的合唱队里，说明她已经“战胜”了抑郁。 【12题详解】 考查介词。句意：赖特先生对他遇到的每个人而言都是英雄。A. about关于；B. with和……一起；C. at在（某地）；D. to对……来说。根据句意以及下文“everyone he meets”可知，此处指赖特先生对他遇到的每个人而言都是英雄。a hero to sb为固定表达，意为“对某人来说是英雄”。 【13题详解】 考查连词。句意：这就是为什么他理应成为年度教育工作者。A. when当……时；B. what什么；C. where在哪里；D. why为什么。根据前文“He cares about every single person who walks through his door, and he loves what he does more than any other teacher I’ve known.”解释了赖特先生关心每一个学生、热爱自己的工作，可知，这就是“为什么”他值得获得年度教育家称号。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：他这个称号不仅今年有资格获得，以后每年也都应该有资格获得。A. title称号，头衔；B. job工作；C. help帮助；D. name名字。根据上文“Educator of the Year”可知，此处为他这个称号不仅今年有资格获得，以后每年也都应该有资格获得。此处的“the title”指代前文提到的“Educator of the Year（年度教育家）”这个荣誉称号。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：您是一位了不起的老师，我希望您能意识到这一点。A. amusing有趣的，逗乐的；B. ambitious有野心的，有抱负的；C. amazing了不起的，令人惊叹的；D. advanced先进的，高级的。根据下文“You’re my hero.”可知，全文都在赞美赖特先生的善良、负责和对学生的影响，用“amazing（了不起的、令人惊叹的）”来形容他最符合全文的情感基调。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列句子，根据句子内容填空。在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 16. If you want to see Laura, please wait a moment. She ________ (discuss) with her editor about her new book. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is discussing 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果您想见劳拉，请稍等片刻。她正在和她的编辑讨论她的新书事宜。根据语境 “请稍等”，表示此刻正在进行的动作，用现在进行时；主语是She，空处需填is discussing。 17. A group of energetic volunteers worked ________ (creative) together to find a new way to save the endangered species. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】creatively 【解析】 【详解】句意：一群充满活力的志愿者富有创意地协作，找到了拯救濒危物种的新方法。修饰动词worked需用副词，形容词creative的副词形式是 creatively（有创意地）。 18. The ________ (shock) news about the volcanic eruption quickly spread across the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】shocking 【解析】 【详解】句意：有关火山爆发的这一令人震惊的消息迅速传遍了全世界。此处修饰名词news，应用-ing形容词shocking“令人震惊的”，用于描述事物本身的性质，作定语。 19. In the past ten years, effective measures ________ (take) to protect the wildlife and prevent the environment from being damaged. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been taken 【解析】 【详解】句意：在过去十年里，我们采取了一系列有效措施来保护野生动物，并防止环境受到破坏。In the past ten years（在过去十年里）是现在完成时的标志性时间状语；主语effective measures（有效措施）与动词 take 是被动关系，措施是“被采取”；现在完成时被动语态 have/has been + 过去分词，主语为复数，所以为have been taken的填入。 20. We were ________ (inspire) to explore the unknown world after watching the movie about the great explorer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】inspired 【解析】 【详解】句意：在观看了有关那位伟大探险家的电影之后，我们深受启发，开始探索未知的世界。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语be inspired to do sth.“受鼓舞做某事”；本句为被动含义：我们被这部电影鼓舞，去探索未知世界。be动词were后接inspire的过去分词inspired。 21. The man, from ________ we learned a lot about environmental protection, is a renowned environmentalist. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whom 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个人是一位著名的环保主义者，从他那里我们学到了很多关于环境保护的知识。空处和空前的from搭配，形成“介词+关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词The man作补充说明，先行词指人，作介词from的宾语，因此应用关系代词whom。 22. The writer, ________ works are popular among teenagers, will be invited to give a lecture on his way to success this Friday. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位作家的作品深受青少年喜爱，他将于本周五受邀来此举办一场关于其成功之路的讲座。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The writer，指人，且在从句中作定语，The writer和works“作品”之间是所属关系，因此用关系代词whose引导该从句。 23. The villagers have planted many trees on the hillside, ________ will help prevent future landslides. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【解析】 【详解】句意：村民们在山坡上种下了许多树木，这将有助于防止未来发生山体滑坡。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。 24. The Forbidden City, ________ ancient Chinese emperors once lived and worked, is now open to the public. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】句意：故宫，中国古代帝王曾经生活和理政的地方，如今对公众开放。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The Forbidden City表地点，在从句中作地点状语成分，所以用关系副词where引导。 25. It is a time ________ everything can be done with just a few taps on our smartphones. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【解析】 【详解】句意：这是一个只需轻点几下智能手机就能办妥所有事情的时代。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词a time表时间，后面定语从句句子成分完整，不缺主语、宾语，用关系副词when作时间状语。 第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A For over 30 years, Rainbow Montessori in Addison has given children a place to grow and explore the world around them, and they’re still going strong today. With 20 years in the same location, the school is “not going anywhere,” says Dave Rodenborn, a son of the school’s founders. As general director, Dave has overseen many improvements, including a new playground for the preschool and a complete modernization. The school serves families of children from 6 weeks to 6th grade. This allows them to have programs in baby care, preschool, kindergarten, and elementary. The curriculum has developed over the decades, most notably in the elementary. At first somewhat jokingly referred to as “Monte-sorta,” due to its relaxed application of the Montessori Method, the school’s elementary now stresses a more traditional Montess environment. Montessori associates abstract concepts with concrete sensorial (感觉的) experiences, ensuring that children are involved in learning, not just memorization. Classrooms still have a creative, casual feel, with children having freedom of choice, but in keeping with Montessori principles, they work within a framework. This helps them learn about freedom within limits, maximizing their potential. The truly international Rainbow Montessori staff comes from a wide range of backgrounds, all Montessori-trained. “They are an energetic, devoted group,” says Dave. “They are loyal, caring and like what they do a lot. I’d say a good 30 to 40 percent of them have been here for almost a decade or more.” Dave says that his favorite part of being at Rainbow Montessori is “making things grow”. By that, he doesn’t mean it in the sense of the organic, but by “coming up with good solutions to problems as they occur.” This is reflective of Montessori beliefs, in which each child learns to use the right tools and discover solutions for themselves. Dave credits a strong staff and great parents with lots of patience for helping to make Rainbow Montessori an ideal place for children to learn and grow. Rainbow Montessori 790 East Duane Ave., Addison (408)738-3261 www.rainbow-montessori.com 26. What do we know about Rainbow Montessori school? A. It was founded by Dave Rodenborn. B. It has stood at the same place for 20 years. C. Its students range from kindergarten to primary. D. Half of its staff have worked there for ten years. 27. According to Paragraph 2, what is the characteristic of Rainbow Montessori? A. Students are expected to memorize concepts. B. Classroom regulations are highly stressed. C. Students are free to choose subjects. D. Active learning is encouraged. 28. By saying “making things grow” in the last paragraph, Dave means the school . A. tries its best to prevent problems from occurring B. provides suitable learning tools for each single child C. creates a natural environment for the growth of students D. encourages students to find proper ways to solve problems 【答案】26. B 27. D 28. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是Rainbow Montessori学校的历史、教育理念及其特色，展示其如何支持儿童成长与探索世界。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With 20 years in the same location, the school is “not going anywhere,” says Dave Rodenborn, a son of the school’s founders.(学校创始人之子戴夫•罗登伯恩（Dave Rodenborn）表示，在同一地点开办了20年，这所学校‘哪儿也没去’。)”可知，20年来，学校的地址都在同一个地方。故选B项。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Montessori associates abstract concepts with concrete sensorial (感觉的) experiences, ensuring that children are involved in learning, not just memorization. Classrooms still have a creative, casual feel, with children having freedom of choice, but in keeping with Montessori principles, they work within a framework. This helps them learn about freedom within limits, maximizing their potential.(Montessori将抽象概念与具体的感官体验联系起来，确保儿童参与学习，而不仅仅是记忆。教室仍然有一种创造性的、随意的感觉，孩子们有选择的自由，但为了与Montessori原则保持一致，他们在一个框架内工作。这有助于他们学习在限制内的自由，最大限度地发挥他们的潜力。)”可知，Montessori的特色是课堂气氛轻松，富有创造性，鼓励学生积极主动学习，最大限度地发挥他们的潜力。故选D项。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Dave says that his favorite part of being at Rainbow Montessori is “making things grow”. By that, he doesn’t mean it in the sense of the organic, but by “coming up with good solutions to problems as they occur.” This is reflective of Montessori beliefs, in which each child learns to use the right tools and discover solutions for themselves. (戴夫说，他在Rainbow Montessori最喜欢的部分是‘让东西生长’。他所说的并不是指有机意义上的成长，而是指‘在问题出现时提出好的解决方案’。这反映了Montessori的信念，即每个孩子都学会使用正确的工具并为自己找到解决方案。)”可知，Dave解释说他所说的“成长”指的是“coming up with good solutions to problems as they occur”，这反映了Montessori教育理念，每个孩子学会使用正确的工具并自己发现解决方案；由此可知，Dave在最后一段说“making things grow”意思是学校鼓励学生找到合适的方法来解决问题。故选D项。 B Tony Hawk, who I thought was bigger than life, came in the room and then the interview began. As the world’s greatest skateboarder, he talked about how his life was not always so miraculous (奇迹般的). He mentioned one day he was skating on top of the world, and the next day the sport of skateboarding fell right on its face. Life for Tony has had its ups and downs, and what brought him back up was the way he believed in himself. One of the most tragic events in Tony’s life was that his father passed away. Although he suffered such pain, he never lost sight of his dream. He put his energy into his dream, which helped him overcome his sadness. One part of Tony that completely impressed me is the way he accepts himself. His goal is never to do better than others, but to do his best. If he does the best he can, it doesn’t matter how anyone else takes him. That’s true and wise. As for me, I play baseball and things aren’t going so well, but I’m trying my hardest, that’s life. It’s how you approach those bad days that will keep you on top. Confidence brought Tony to the next level. During our meeting he continually talked about the importance of following one’s dream. He also said, along with that, one needs to have a strong faith in one’s own ability to achieve that dream, no matter what challenges are presented. By the end, I didn’t see the same guy who had walked through the door an hour earlier. Now I view him as more than a world-class skateboarder. He is also a normal person who has dealt with many of the same problems we all face, but the difference is, he is always able to rise above his problems by having faith in his dream. 29. The underlined part “fell right on its face” in Paragraph 2 means ______. A. failed B. finished C. continued D. happened 30. The example of the author’s playing baseball is used to show he ______. A. accepts Tony Hawk’s suggestion B. doesn’t want to play baseball anymore C. has the same view of life as Tony Hawk D. wants to be as successful as Tony Hawk 31. In the eyes of the author, what makes Tony Hawk special? A. His achievement. B. His unusual experience. C. His confidence in winning the game. D. His determination to realize his dream. 32. At the end of the interview, the author thinks Tony Hawk is very ______. A. real B. simple C. lucky D. proud 【答案】29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 【解析】 【导语】文章通过作者对Tony Hawk的访谈，展现了这位滑板传奇人物在辉煌背后的挫折与坚持，强调了他“尽力而为、坚信梦想”的理念，并揭示了他真实、平凡却充满信念的形象。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线部分的上文“As the world’s greatest skateboarder, he talked about how his life was not always so miraculous (奇迹般的). (作为世界上最出色的滑板运动员，他讲述了自己过去的生活并非总是如此神奇美妙。)”和下文“Life for Tony has had its ups and downs (Tony的生活有起有落)”可知，Tony Hawk的生活并非事事顺利，也有起起落落。由此可知，这里与“he was skating on top of the world”相对，他会站在世界顶端，他也会在滑板上遭遇失败，画线部分的意思是“失败”。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“His goal is never to do better than others, but to do his best. If he does the best he can, it doesn’t matter how anyone else takes him. That’s true and wise. As for me, I play baseball and things aren’t going so well, but I’m trying my hardest, that’s life. (他的目标从来不是比别人做得更好，而是尽力而为。只要他尽了全力，别人如何看待他并不重要。这是真实而智慧的。至于我，我打棒球，事情并不顺利，但我正在尽最大努力，这就是生活。)”可知，作者在阐述Tony Hawk“尽力而为，不计较他人看法”的理念后，以自己的棒球经历为例，说明他也在实践同样的态度。由此可知，作者谈及自己打棒球的经历，是为了表明他与Tony Hawk有着相同的人生观。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“He also said, along with that, one needs to have a strong faith in one’s own ability to achieve that dream, no matter what challenges are presented. (他还表示，除此之外，一个人还需要对自己实现那个梦想的能力抱有坚定的信心，无论会遇到何种挑战。)”和最后一段中“but the difference is, he is always able to rise above his problems by having faith in his dream (但不同的是，他总是能够凭借对梦想的信念克服自己的困难)”可知，在作者眼中，Tony Hawk的特殊之处在于他实现梦想的决心。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Now I view him as more than a world-class skateboarder. He is also a normal person who has dealt with many of the same problems we all face, but the difference is, he is always able to rise above his problems by having faith in his dream. (现在我认为他不仅仅是一个世界级的滑板运动员。他其实也是一个普通人，也曾经历过我们所有人会遇到的许多相同问题，但不同的是，他总是能够凭借对梦想的信念克服自己的困难。)”可知，作者最初将Tony Hawk视为“传奇人物”，但访谈后认识到他也是一个有起伏、有痛苦的普通人，这种“平凡”使他显得真实。 C Researchers continue to show the power behind our sense of smell. Recent studies have found, among other things, that the smell of foods like pizza can cause uncontrollable anger in drivers on roads. The review explains that smell is unique in its effects on the brain. According to Conrad King, the researcher who carried out the review, "more than any other senses, the sense of smell goes through the logical part of the brain and acts on the systems concerned with feelings. This is why the smell of baking bread can destroy the best intentions of a dieter." Smell, which dictates the unbelievable complexity of food tastes, has always been the least understood of our senses. Our noses are able to detect up to 10,000 distinct smells. Our ability to smell and taste this extremely large range of smells is controlled by something like 1,000 genes (基因), which make up an amazing 3% of the human genome. Researchers Richard Axel and Linda Buck were together awarded a Nobel Prize in 2004 for their ground-breaking research on the nature of this extraordinary sense. These two scientists were the first to describe the family of 1,000 olfactory (嗅觉) genes and to explain how our olfactory system works. According to one study in the research review, smelling fresh pizza or even the packaging of fast foods can be enough to make drivers feel impatient with other road users. They are then more likely to speed and experience uncontrollable anger on roads. The most reasonable explanation is that these can all make drivers feel hungry, and therefore desperate to satisfy their appetites. In contrast, the smells of peppermint and cinnamon were shown to improve concentration levels as well as reduce drivers’ impatience. Similarly, the smells of lemon and coffee appeared to promote clear thinking and mental focus. However, the way genes regulate smell differs from person to person. A study by researchers in Israel has identified at least 50 olfactory genes which are switched on in some people and not in others. They believe this may explain why some of us love some smells and tastes while others hate them. The Israel researchers say their study shows that nearly every human being shows a different pattern of active and inactive smell-detecting receptors. 33. What did Richard Axel and Linda Buck find out? A. The category of food smells. B. The logical part of human brain. C. The nature of human olfactory system. D. The relationship between food and feelings. 34. Which of the following can help people concentrate? A. Bread. B. Fruits. C. Coffee. D. Fast food. 35. What do we know from the last paragraph? A. Some people can recognize up to 50 smells. B. Every person has a different pattern of genes. C. Different people are sensitive to different smells. D. There are still some olfactory genes to be found out. 36. What is the passage mainly about? A. Logic and behaviour. B. Smell and its influence. C. Sense ability and food tastes. D. Olfactory genes and its system. 【答案】33. C 34. C 35. C 36. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类的嗅觉和它的影响。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“These two scientists were the first to describe the family of 1,000 olfactory (嗅觉) genes and to explain how our olfactory system works.”可知，Richard Axel and Linda Buck研究了家庭嗅觉基因并解释了我们的嗅觉系统是如何工作的，即人类嗅觉系统的本质，故选C。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Similarly, the smells of lemon and coffee appeared to promote clear thinking and mental focus.”可知，柠檬和咖啡的气味有助于提高思考和注意力，故选C。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The Israel researchers say their study shows that nearly every human being shows a different pattern of active and inactive smell-detecting receptors.”， 几乎每个人的嗅觉感受器的活跃和不活跃模式都不同。由此判断出，不同的人对不同的气味敏感，故选C。 【36题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是根据第一段中Researchers continue to show the power behind our sense of smell. Recent studies have found, among other things, that the smell of foods like pizza can cause uncontrollable anger in drivers on roads.可知，研究人员继续证明我们的嗅觉背后的力量。最近的研究发现，比萨等食物的味道会让道路上的司机无法控制自己的愤怒情绪。以及全文的具体说明可知，本文主要介绍了人类的嗅觉和它的影响。故选B。 D Camaraderie over Competence The importance of liking people is the subject of an article in the Harvard Business Review, which has carried out an experiment to find out who we’d rather work with. Hardly surprisingly, the people we want most as our workmates are both: brilliant at their jobs and delightful human beings. And the people we want least are both unpleasant and useless. More interestingly, the authors found that, given the choice between working with lovable fools and competent jerks (性情古怪的人), we irresistibly choose the former. Anyway, who likes those stupid men who annoy or hurt other people? We might insist that competence matters more, but our behavior shows we stay close to the people we like and sharing information with them. What companies should therefore do is get people to like each other more. The trick here is apparently to make sure staffs come across each other as often as possible during the day. They also should be sent on bonding courses and so on to encourage friendliness and break down displeasure. However, more outdoor-activity weekends and shared coffee machines inspire no confidence at all. The reality is that people either like each other or they don’t. You can’t force it. Possibly you can make offices friendlier by tolerating a lot of chat, but there is a productivity cost to that. In my experience, the question of lovable fool against competent jerk may not be the right one. The two are interrelated: we tend not to like our workmates when they are completely hopeless. I was once quite friendly with a woman whom I later worked with. I found her to be so outstandingly bad at her job that I lost respect for her and ended up not really liking her at all. Then is there anything that companies should be doing about it? By far the most effective strategy would be to hire people who are all pretty much the same, given that similarity is one of the main determinants of whether we like each other. I think this is a pretty good idea, but no one dares recommend this anymore without offending the diversity lobby group. There is only one acceptable view on this subject: teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity. This may be true, though I have never seen any conclusive proof of it. Not only do we like similar people, we like people who like us. So if companies want to promote more liking, they should encourage a culture where we are all nice to each other. The trouble is that this needs to be done with some skill. 37. According to the research, which kind of colleagues would most people tend to choose? A. Nice but unintelligent. B. Creative but unattractive. C. Competent but unfriendly. D. Humorous but unambitious. 38. The author talks about her experience to show that ______. A. people respect outstanding leaders B. people tend to like optimistic workmates C. a workmate’s working ability is important D. talkative workmates makes offices friendlier 39. Some people think that similar people working together may ______. A. offend each other B. create fewer new ideas C. talk more and work less D. be likely to stick together 40. To encourage workmates to like each other, companies could ______. A. arrange the training course for workers to study together B. organize team-building activities outside the office C. encourage a diversity of opinions in workplace D. employ staff who have a lot in common 【答案】37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D 【解析】 【导语】文章通过《哈佛商业评论》的研究和作者的个人经历，探讨了职场中“好感”与“能力”的权衡，指出人们倾向于选择讨喜但能力不足的同事，而非能干但讨厌的人，还强调相似性和相互欣赏对团队关系的影响。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“More interestingly, the authors found that, given the choice between working with lovable fools and competent jerks (性情古怪的人), we irresistibly choose the former. (更有趣的是，作者们发现，如果要在与可爱傻瓜合作和与能干但令人讨厌的人合作之间做出选择，我们总是情不自禁地选择前者。)”可知，根据研究，大多数人倾向于选择“友善但不聪明”的同事。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“I was once quite friendly with a woman whom I later worked with. I found her to be so outstandingly bad at her job that I lost respect for her and ended up not really liking her at all. (我曾经和一位女士关系很好，后来我们还一起工作过。我发现她工作能力实在很差，以至于我对她失去了尊重，最终对她完全没有好感了。)”可知，作者用亲身经历说明，即使最初关系友好，但若同事能力极差，也会导致尊重和好感的丧失，这表明同事的工作能力很重要。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“There is only one acceptable view on this subject: teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity. (关于这个问题，只有一个被普遍认可的观点：由相似人员组成的团队是不好的，因为这会抑制创造力。)”可知，有些人认为相似的人一起工作可能产生更少的新想法。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“By far the most effective strategy would be to hire people who are all pretty much the same, given that similarity is one of the main determinants of whether we like each other. (迄今为止，最有效的策略应该是招聘那些彼此非常相似的人，因为相似性是决定我们是否相互喜欢的主要因素之一。)”可知，为了鼓励同事互相喜欢，公司可以雇佣有共同点的员工。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sound like a list of your homework for the next few nights — or maybe even just for tonight?___41___ It’s your teachers’ way of evaluating how much you understand what’s going on in class. And it helps strengthen concepts. ____42____ It’s inviting to start with the easy things to get them out of the way. However, you’ll have the most energy and focus when you begin, so it’s best to use this mental power on the subjects that are most challenging. Later, when you’re more tired, you can focus on the simpler things. If you get stuck on a problem, try to figure it out as well as you can — but don’t spend too much time on it because this can mess up your homework schedule for the rest of the night. ___43___. But don’t pick someone whom you’ll be up all night chatting with, or you’ll never get it done! Most people’s attention spans aren’t very long, so take some breaks while doing your homework. Sitting for too long without relaxing will make you less productive than if you stop every so often. Taking a 15-minute break every hour is a good idea for most people.___44___ Once your homework is done, you can check over it if you have extra time. Be sure to put it safely away in your backpack — there’s nothing worse than having a completed assignment that you can’t find the next morning or that gets ruined by a careless brother or sister.___45___.Now you’re free to hang out. A. Homework is a major part of going to school. B. Luckily, you can do a few things to do less homework. C. When you start your homework, deal with the hardest tasks first. D. But if you’re really concentrating, wait until it’s a good time to stop. E. If you need to, ask an adult for help or call or email a classmate for advice. F. And no teacher still believes that “chewed by the dog” lie — even when it’s true! G. In conclusion, no one is expected to stay long, and people have very different learning styles. 【答案】41. A 42. C 43. E 44. D 45. F 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。家庭作业是上学的一个主要部分，是老师评估你对课堂内容理解程度的一种方式。它有助于强化概念。文章主要就如何完成作业提出了一些建议。 【41题详解】 根据上文“Sound like a list of your homework for the next few nights — or maybe even just for tonight?(听起来像是你接下来几天晚上的作业清单——或者甚至只是今晚的作业？)”以及后文“It’s your teachers’ way of evaluating how much you understand what’s going on in class. And it helps strengthen concepts.(这是老师评估你对课堂内容理解程度的一种方式。它有助于强化概念)”可知，上文提到了家庭作业，后文则在解释家庭作业的作用，可知本句为过渡句，承上启下说明家庭作业的作用，A选项中Homework与上文homework相对应。故A选项“家庭作业是上学的一个主要部分”符合语境，故选A。 【42题详解】 根据后文“It’s inviting to start with the easy things to get them out of the way. However, you’ll have the most energy and focus when you begin, so it’s best to use this mental power on the subjects that are most challenging. Later, when you’re more tired, you can focus on the simpler things.(从简单的事情开始，先把它们完成，这很诱人。然而，当你开始的时候，你会有最多的精力和注意力，所以最好把这种精神力量用在最具挑战性的课题上。之后，当你更累的时候，你可以专注于更简单的事情)”可知，后文提到最开始写作业时，精力和注意力更好，之后，当你更累的时候，你可以专注于更简单的事情，可推知本句作为本段的中心句，是在建议先从最难的作业开始写起。C选项中the hardest tasks对应后文中subjects that are most challenging。故C选项“当你开始做家庭作业时，先处理最难的作业”符合语境，故选C。 【43题详解】 根据上文“If you get stuck on a problem, try to figure it out as well as you can — but don’t spend too much time on it because this can mess up your homework schedule for the rest of the night.(如果你被一个问题困住了，试着尽可能地把它弄清楚——但不要在它上面花太多时间，因为这会打乱你剩下的晚上的家庭作业计划)”以及后文“But don’t pick someone whom you’ll be up all night chatting with, or you’ll never get it done!( 但是不要选择一个你会和他整晚聊天的人，否则你永远也不会完成作业！)”可知，上文提到写作业遇到了难题，后文则提到不要选择爱和你聊天的人，可推知本句是在说明向他人求助，后文则提到了求助时的注意事项。故E选项“如果你需要的话，可以向成年人寻求帮助，或者打电话或发邮件向同学寻求建议”符合语境，故选E。 【44题详解】 根据上文“Most people’s attention spans aren’t very long, so take some breaks while doing your homework. Sitting for too long without relaxing will make you less productive than if you stop every so often. Taking a 15-minute break every hour is a good idea for most people.(大多数人的注意力持续时间都不长，所以做作业时不妨休息一下。坐太久而不放松会使你的工作效率不如你经常停下来。对大多数人来说，每小时休息15分钟是个不错的主意)”可知，本段主要是在说明写作业时注意力持续时间的问题，D选项中concentrating对应上文中attention spans。故D选项“但是如果你的注意力真的很集中，那就等到合适的时候停下来”符合语境，故选D。 【45题详解】 根据上文“Once your homework is done, you can check over it if you have extra time. Be sure to put it safely away in your backpack — there’s nothing worse than having a completed assignment that you can’t find the next morning or that gets ruined by a careless brother or sister.(一旦你的作业完成了，如果你有多余的时间，你可以检查一下。一定要把它安全地放在背包里——再没有比完成作业第二天找不到或者被粗心的兄弟姐妹毁了更糟糕的事情了)”可知，本段主要是说明作业完成后的存放问题，且上文提到了找不到作业，或是作业被毁的情况，故F选项“没有一个老师仍然相信‘作业被狗吃了’的谎言——即使它是真的！”符合语境，故选F。 第四部分 词汇知识（共两节，40分） 第一节 单词填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面句子，根据首字母或中文提示填写单词，并注意使用其正确形式。请在答题卡指定区域作答，并写出完整的拼写。 46. The children looked c________ at the unusual box, wondering what was inside. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】curiously##uriously 【解析】 【详解】句意：孩子们好奇地看着那个奇特的盒子，想知道里面装着什么。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为副词curiously“好奇地”修饰动词 looked，符合语境。 47. He o________ carefully and took clear notes of every small change when doing experiments in the lab. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】observed##bserved 【解析】 【详解】句意：在实验室做实验时，他仔细观察，把每一处细微变化都认真记录下来。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为动词observe“观察”，符合语境，and连接并列谓语，后面 took是一般过去时，所以此处也应为过去式observed。 48. The streets become c________ with visitors and shoppers as soon as the holiday season starts. You have to squeeze to get through. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】crowded##rowded 【解析】 【详解】句意：假日一到，街道上就挤满了游客和购物的人，只能挤着往前走。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为形容词crowded“拥挤的”作表语，构成固定短语：be crowded with“挤满、布满”，符合语境。 49. She looked around a________ when she found she had lost her way in the new city. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】anxiously##nxiously 【解析】 【详解】句意：当她在这座陌生的城市迷路时，她焦虑地四处张望。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填副词anxiously“焦虑地；不安地”，修饰动词短语looked around，符合语境。 50. It is absolutely i________ to see robots perform martial arts (武术) so skillfully on stage. The scene remains fresh in my mind as if it were yesterday. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】incredible##ncredible 【解析】 【详解】句意：看到机器人在舞台上如此娴熟地表演武术，真是令人难以置信。那个场景至今仍历历在目，仿佛就在昨天发生的一样。空处作表语，结合“to see robots perform martial arts (武术) so skillfully on stage”和首字母提示可推知，形容词incredible“难以置信的”符合题意，突出表演的震撼效果。 51. We gain ________ (智慧) by reading, thinking and learning from experience. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】wisdom 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们通过阅读、思考以及从经验中学习来获得智慧。表示“智慧”使用名词wisdom，作宾语，不可数名词。 52. We should respect the ________ (独创) ideas of artists and not copy them without permission. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】original 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们应当尊重艺术家的独创理念，未经许可不得擅自抄袭。“独创”应用形容词original，作定语修饰名词ideas，表示“独创理念”。 53. The firefighter’s ________ (勇气) in risking his own life to save the girl moved all the people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】courage 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位消防员冒着生命危险营救女孩的勇气感动了所有人。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词courage“勇气”作主语，为不可数名词。 54. Being truly ________ (慷慨) means caring more about others and less about money or honor. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】generous 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：真正的慷慨意味着多关心他人，少计较金钱和荣誉。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“慷慨的”应用形容词generous，being后接形容词作表语，符合语境。 55. Enough ________ (准备) before traveling reduces unnecessary trouble and thus makes our trip enjoyable. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】preparation 【解析】 【详解】句意：旅行前做好充足准备可以减少不必要的麻烦，从而让旅途更愉快。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词preparation“准备”作主语，符合语境。 第二节 短语填空（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分） 阅读下列句子，根据句子内容，选择恰当的短语填空，并注意使用其正确形式。 come across put out be engaged in be regarded as break down fight for be based on 56. Martin Luther King __________ justice and equal rights for black people. 57. The discovery of artemisinin __________ a breakthrough in the treatment of malaria. 58. Nowadays, many young people __________ protecting traditional culture in modern society. 59. I __________ this thought-provoking article about history the other day while reading online. 60. The experience tells me: True friendship __________ mutual trust and deep understanding. 【答案】56. fought for 57. is regarded as 58. are engaged in 59. came across 60. is based on 【解析】 【56题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：马丁·路德·金为黑人争取正义和平等权利而奋斗。空处作谓语，结合“justice and equal rights for black people”可推知，动词短语fight for“为……而斗争/奋斗”符合题意，表示“为黑人争取正义和平等权利而奋斗”，且这是描述历史事实，时态应用一般过去时，fight需变为过去式fought。 【57题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：青蒿素的发现被认为是疟疾治疗领域的一项突破。空处作谓语，结合“a breakthrough in the treatment of malaria”可推知，动词短语be regarded as“被认为是”符合题意，表示“被认为是疟疾治疗领域的一项突破”，且句子陈述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语是单数，be动词应用is。 【58题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：如今，许多年轻人在现代社会中致力于保护传统文化。空处作谓语，结合“protecting traditional culture”可推知，动词短语be engaged in“从事于，参与”符合题意，表示“致力于保护传统文化”，且结合“Nowadays”可知，时态应用一般现在时，主语为people，be动词应用are。 【59题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：前几天我在网上阅读时，偶然看到了这篇关于历史的发人深省的文章。空处作谓语，结合“this thought-provoking article”可推知，动词短语come across“偶然发现或遇见”符合题意，表示“偶然看到了这篇文章”，结合“the other day”可知，时态需用一般过去时，come需变为过去式came。 【60题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：经验告诉我：真正的友谊建立在相互信任和深刻理解的基础上。空处作谓语，结合“mutual trust and deep understanding”可推知，动词短语be based on“基于，建立在……基础上”符合题意，表示“建立在相互信任和深刻理解的基础上”，且句子陈述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语不可数，be动词应用is。 第三节 翻译句子（共5小题；每小题4分，共20分） 用所给提示词或短语翻译下列句子。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 61. 快点！你的时间快要用光了。(run) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Hurry up! Your time is running out. 【解析】 【详解】第一句“快点”是催促语，可用祈使句的形式，用动词短语hurry up表达；第二句描述即将发生的动作，可用现在进行时表将来，主语“你的时间”用名词短语your time，谓语“用光”可用动词短语run out。 62. 除了读书，她课余的时候还喜欢弹钢琴。（apart from）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Apart from reading, she also likes playing the piano in her spare time. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意以及句子提示短语可知，表示“除了读书”应为介词短语Apart from reading；表示“也，还”为副词also；表示“喜欢弹钢琴”应为动词短语like playing the piano；表示“在她的业余时间”应为介词短语in her spare time；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述经常，习惯性动作，为一般现在时。 63. 一个有责任感的人永远不会背弃他的家人和朋友。(turn one’s back) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A responsible person will never turn his back on his family and friends. 【解析】 【详解】本句可用简单句表示，主语“一个有责任感的人”可用名词短语a responsible person，“永远不会”可用表示意愿或决心的情态动词will和副词never搭配，“背弃”可用动词短语turn his back on，“他的家人和朋友”可用名词短语his family and friends。 64. 这种态度被证明对你的个人发展是有害的。（prove）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 This attitude proves to be harmful to your personal development. 【解析】 【详解】分析句子可知，表示“这种态度”应用This attitude，在句中作主语；表示“被证明（是）”应用prove to be，为固定用法，主动表被动含义，时态用一般现在时表客观情况，主语This attitude为单数，谓语动词用三单形式proves；表示“对……有害”应用be harmful to，为固定搭配；表示“你的个人发展”应用your personal development，作介词宾语。 65. 现在，越来越多的人意识到保持健康生活方式的重要性。(aware) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Nowadays, more and more people are aware of the importance of keeping a healthy lifestyle. 【解析】 【详解】句子描述当前的普遍社会现象，时态用一般现在时；状语“现在”可用副词nowadays，主语“越来越多的人”可用名词短语more and more people，“意识到”可用形容词短语be aware of，“……的重要性”可用名词短语the importance of，“保持健康生活方式”可用动词短语keep a healthy lifestyle，keep需变为动名词形式，作介词of的宾语。 第五部分 书面表达（20分） 66. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友来信，询问你最敬佩的人。请你给Jim回信，内容包括： 1．你最敬佩的人是谁； 2．你敬佩他/她的原因（至少给出两个）； 3．他/她对你的影响。 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Jim,         How is everything going? I’m very glad to tell you the person I admire most is my math teacher Ms. Wang.        She is the warmest person I have ever met. She is always patient with students who struggle with study, and never blames us when we fail. Instead, she always encourages us to keep trying. When I failed my important math exam last term and wanted to give up, she spent her spare time helping me sort out problems and cheered me up. Now I have made great progress in math, and I’ve learned to stick to my goals instead of giving up easily when facing difficulties.        Who is the person you admire most? Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给英国笔友Jim回信，介绍自己最敬佩的人。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 敬佩：admire→look up to 责备、责骂：blame→scold 放弃：give up→abandon 坚持：stick to→insist on 2. 句式拓展： 同义句转换 原句：She is always patient with students who struggle with study, and never blames us when we fail. 拓展句：She is always patient with students struggling with study, and never blames us when we fail. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m very glad to tell you the person I admire most is my math teacher Ms. Wang. (运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句和省略了关系代词的定语从句。) 【高分句型2】When I failed my important math exam last term and wanted to give up, she spent her spare time helping me sort out problems and cheered me up. (运用了连词when引导的时间状语从句。) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $