Unit 7 Charities Grammar 课件 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

Unit7 Charities Grammar Learning objectives 1.Grasp the structure and usage of simple present/past passive voice. 2.Master passive voice through practice. 3.Use the passive voice in the simple present and past tenses correctly. 1.What is the good news for people with eye problems? 80 percent of these cases can _. 2.How does ORBIS help? The plane _a training centre. Local doctors and nurses _. 3.How many operations does Dr Ma do during a visit? _ during his last visit. 4.What does ORBIS need most? _carry on with our work. Revision An interview with an ORBIS doctor be prevented or cured is also used as 150 patients were operated on More money is needed to are invited on board to learn about eye operations Passive voice A young boy was blinded in a car accident in January this year. Two months later, he was cured by Orbis doctors. In addition to helping patients directly, Orbis does many other things. For example, local doctors and nurses are trained by Orbis so that they can better help patients. With the help of Orbis and its volunteers, the lives of many patients with eye problems all over the world are improved. was blinded was cured are trained are improved passive voice Read the text below and pay attention to the passive voice. 英语的动词有两种语态,即主动语态(The Active Voice)与被动语态(The Passive Voice)。 A monster caught master.妖怪抓走了师傅 Master was caught by a monster.师傅被妖怪抓走了。 执行者 承受着 承受者 执行者 主动语态 被动语态 主语是动作的执行者 主语是动作的承受者 “把”字句 “被”字句 发出动作的人/物 接受的动作人/物 主动 被动 被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成。be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。 一般现在时 am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时 was/were+及物动词的过去分词 He is beaten by some naughty boys. The lost boy was found in a lonely park. We form the passive voice in the simple present and past tenses like this: simple present tense simple past tense These books are written for children. These flowers are not watered by my mom. He was invited to competitions around the world. The windows were not broken by him. We form the passive voice in the simple present tense in this way: is/am/are + the _ (simple present tense, past participle) of the verb. We form the passive voice in the simple past tense in this way: was/were + the _ (simple past tense, past participle) of the verb. past participle past participle 被动语态的用法 We use the passive voice when: a. It is obvious (明显的) who performs the action. The plane is used as a hospital. c. The action is more important than the person who performs the action. b. We don’t know or don’t need to know who performs the action. His eye problem was cured two months ago. The lives of the patients with eye problems are improved. 主动语态和被动语态的转化 active voice passive voice I made some bread. Some bread me. was made by 1 2 3 4 找 换 改 加 Find the subject and object Change the place of the subject and object Change the verb into be + done (be 体现时态) Add “by” before the new object Practice 将下列句子变成被动语态。 1.People grow tea in many places in China. 2.The workers built this bridge last year. 3.We clean our classroom every day. 4.He wrote a story yesterday. Tea is grown by people in many places in China. This bridge was built by the workers last year. Our classroom is cleaned by us every day. A story was written by him yesterday. The Class 1, Grade 8 students are talking about different things they can do for those in need. Look at the pictures and help them complete their notes with the words in brackets using the passive voice. Add the word by when necessary. What they do every year 1. Charity activities _ (plan/to help the poor). are planned to help the poor 2. Leaflets _ (hand out/to people in the street/volunteers). are handed out to people in the street by volunteers 3. Old toys and books _ (sell/to raise money). are sold to raise money What they did last week New books _ _ (send/to children in need/the Class 1, Grade 8 students). 3. A charity show _ (hold/in the school hall). 2. Warm clothes _ (collect/for children in disaster areas). were sent to children in need by Class 1, Grade 8 students were collected for children in disaster areas was held in the school hall Mr Wu is telling the Class 1, Grade 8 students about what international charities do to help. Complete what he says with the words in brackets using the passive voice. Add the word by when necessary. Do you know that there are thousands of international charities around the world? Every year, lots of money (1)_ (raise/different charities). The money (2) _(use) to help people in need. Save the Children is one of these charities. It (3)_(found) in 1919 and aims to help build a better future for all children. Every year, a lot of children’s lives (4)_(improve) thanks to this charity. Last year, millions of children (5)_ (help/the education programmes) from Save the Children. In addition, many people (6)_ (train/the charity) to become teachers. is raised by different charities is used was founded are improved were helped by the education programmes are trained by the charity But it’s not just people who are in need of help and support. Some other charities (7)_(create) for different reasons, such as protecting the environment and animals. For example, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) works hard to protect the natural world for the benefit of people and wildlife. are created Amy and Daniel are talking about an international charity. Complete their conversation with the words in the box below using the passive voice. Add the word by when necessary. carry out do feed found help provide support write Amy: I’ve just looked online at some different international charities. They’re all fantastic. Daniel: Oh really? What charities did you find? Amy: I found a charity called Oxfam. Daniel: What kind of work _ this charity? Amy: It _ in 1942 with the aim of helping poor children and families around the world. It also makes great efforts to make sure families _ with clean water and hungry children _. is carried out by was founded are provided are fed carry out do feed found help provide support write Daniel: That’s amazing! Amy: Yes. I read an article yesterday. It _ a volunteer from Oxfam. It said that millions of children _ the charity’s health programmes around the world. And these programmes _ many volunteers. Daniel: Wow! It sounds like a lot of amazing work _ the volunteers. was written by were helped by were supported by is done by 01 含有双宾语 I gave him an apple. (IO) (DO) He was given an apple by me He was given an apple by me An apple was given to him by me 1. 间接宾语变主语时,直接宾语仍保留在谓语动词后面; 2. 直接宾语变主语时,间接宾语前通常加上介词for/to; 常用的词:bring, teach, give, tell, show, buy, get等。 Something to pay attention to 02 省略to的不定式 The boss makes him work late. He is made to work late by the boss. 1. let, make, have等使役动词; 2. see, hear, notice, watch, feel等感官动词。 I heard him sing in the next room. He was heard to sing in the next room. 03 主动表被动 The juice tastes good. The house robots sell well. Beijing Opera sounds beautiful. 1. look、smell、taste、sound、feel等系动词接形容词; 2. write、sell、wash、read、burn等词和well, easily, quickly, smoothly等副词连用,描绘事物的特性时,可用主动语态表示被动含义。 04 动词短语变被动 动词短语是不可分割的整体,如: take care of, pay attention to, make use of 在变被动语态时,不可丢掉构成动词短语的副词或介词。 We take care of the old people. The old people are taken care of by us. They look after the little girl. The little girl is looked after by them. 05 无被动 不及物动词或短语不能用于被动语态,如:happen、appear、weigh;break out、take place、run out 、fall asleep、come true、depend on等。 An earthquake happened yesterday afternoon. A traffic accident happened just now. The spring sport meeting will take place next week. Practice makes perfect! 一、将下列句子变为被动语态。 1. They use wood to make paper. 2. The teacher makes us finish homework on time. 3. People take good care of these trees. 4. He planted many trees last spring. 5. We can finish the work in two days. Wood is used to make paper by them. We are made to finish homework on timeby the teacher. These trees are taken good care of by people. Trees were planted by him last spring. The work can be finished by us in two days. Practice makes perfect! 二、单项选择 1. A new supermarket _ in our town next year. A. will build B. will be built C. is built 2. The little boy _ cry by his brother just now. A. made to B. was made to C. was made 3. Great changes _ in my hometown every year. A. take place B. are taken place C. took place 4. These books _ well. They sell out quickly. A. are sold B. sell C. sold 5. The old bridge _ by the workers last month. A. was built B. built C. is built Homework 1.Complete related exercises about Passive voice. 2.Preview Integration on Page 101 $