Unit4 Fun with science Grammar and composition 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语牛津译林版选修第一册

Grammar and composition Subjunctive mood (II): other cases Unit4 Fun with science Without air, there ________(be) no living things. But for your help, I __________________(not finish) it. II was ill yesterday. Otherwise, I _________________(attend) the meeting. would be wouldn't have finished would have attended 有时假设的情况不用条件句表达，而是用but for, without等介词(短语)或上下文来表示。 虚拟条件通过but for暗示出来，模式为“虚拟情况＋but for＋真实情况”。 用连词otherwise, or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟语气。 Implied Conditionals 2 主句中有表示“提议”“要求”“命令”“请求”等词中，名词性从句谓语通常用“(should) do” 。常见的此类动词有insist, order, command, advice, suggest, propose, recommend, ask, demand, require, request, urge, arrange, desire, intend, direct等。 We insisted that the meeting should not be held. （______从句） It was required that the crops should be harvested at once. （______从句） The suggestion that he be invited was rejected. （______从句） Their demand is that their wages be increased. （______从句） 宾语 主语 同位语 表语 insisted required suggestion demand In clauses 3 当suggest表示“暗示，表明”之意，insist表示“坚持说，坚持认为”之意时，suggest/insist后的宾语从句不使用虚拟语气，而使用陈述语气。 The smile on his face suggested that he _____(be) satisfied with my suggestion that we ____________(work) till finishing the task. Mike insisted that he ___________(not steal) anything and _____________(set) free. hadn’t stolen (should) be set was (should) work 4 It is/was＋adj.＋that clause，主语从句中谓语要用 “should＋动词原形”，should可省略。常见的此类形容词有necessary, important, preferable, desirable, advisable, essential, urgent, strange等。 It is important that _______________________________. 我们应该掌握一门外语 It's vital that __________________________________________. 我们应该认真对待我们的安全驾驶 It’s necessary that ________________________________________. 了解各国的文化差异 we (should) master a foreign language we (should) take our safety driving along the road we (should) understand the cultural differences 5 wish后接that引导的宾语从句用虚拟语气 宾语从句中谓语形式 与现在事实相反 did/were 与过去事实相反 had done 与将来事实相反 would/could/might＋do I wish I _____(be) ten years younger. I wish I _______(meet) the chairman yesterday. I wish my parents _____________ (not punish) me when they see the broken window. were had met wouldn’t punish 6 would rather后接宾语从句用虚拟语气 宾语从句中谓语形式 与现在事实相反 did/were 与将来事实相反 had done 与过去事实相反 would/could/might＋do I would rather you _________(go) with me yesterday. Don’t come. I would rather you ______(come) tomorrow. I would rather ______(come) tomorrow. had gone came come 7 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____________(break). He opened his mouth as if he __________(say) something. The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it __________ rain. would say were broken is going to as if/as though/even if/even though 宾语从句中谓语形式 与现在事实相反 did/were 与过去事实相反 had done 与将来事实相反 would/could/might＋do 如果描述的事情可能会发生，从句中的谓语动词用陈述语气。 8 if only引导的条件句及感叹句 条件句/感叹句 对现在的虚拟 did/were 对过去的虚拟 had done 对将来的虚拟 would/could/might＋do ________________ the film. 要是我看过那部电影就好了。 If only I _________(see) him again! If only I had seen could see Sentence structure 9 It’s (high/about/very) time that sb. did should do It is high time that we ___________________. 我们该出发了。 should set off/set off 10 Unreal conditionals（非真实条件句） Implied conditionals（含蓄式虚拟语气） “（should)+动词原形”式虚拟语气 It is +adj + that … wish would rather as if/ though If only It is (high) time that… would rather It is (high) time that… Summary 12 虚拟语气 虚拟条件句 动词变换 错综时间条件句 省略if的倒装 含蓄条件句 标志词 从句 “(should) do” It is/was＋adj.＋that clause， wish/would rather +宾语从句 as if/as though 句型 if only引导的条件句及感叹句 It’s (high/about/very) time that sb. did/should do Wilson Bentley -the first man who took photos for snowflakes in this world. Bentley ended up his life with 5000+ photos,  but he never found two snowflakes similar with each other. 01 Read the story on Page 48 Exploring the rules 1. Why is the saying “no two snowflakes are alike” mentioned in Paragraph 1? To introduce the “Snowflake Man”: Wilson Bentley. He discovered that no two snowflakes are ever exactly the same. 2. How did Wilson Bentley capture the world’s first image of a single snowflake? He attached his camera to a microscope and set up his equipment outside. He worked in the freezing cold for hours at a time, carefully handling each snowflake with a feather, and photographing it with a 90-second exposure. Below is a story from a popular science magazine about Wilson Bentley, the "Snowflake Man" Find the sentences in the story that use the subjunctive mood and fill in the box below. The first one has been done for you. Step 2 Exploring and working out the rules Find the sentences using the subjunctive mood in the story. 1. It is important that he (should) be remembered for ... 2. He wished that he could capture ... 3. ..., otherwise the snowflakes would have melted quickly. 4. ..., as though he were digging up buried treasure. 5. But for Bentley’s tireless work, we would not know that ... Finish “Working out the rules” of part A on P48. but for should Read more examples and further understand the rules. (1) It is necessary that the problem (should) be settled at once. (2) I wish I were a pilot. (3) My mother looks after the orphan as if he were her own child. (4) I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting tonight. (5) If only I had remembered to send you an email. (6) We could not have done the work well without your help. (7) He helped me a lot, otherwise I wouldn’t have finished my work on time. 02 Applying the rules Finish B1 on Page 49. Step 3 Applying the rules B1 on P49 would have had were (should) conduct would be / were Finish B2 on page 49 of the textbook. Suggested answers: (1) (had) examined (2) (should) understand (3) would not exist (4) would be (5) were Step 3 Applying the rules Applying the rules Finish B3 on Page 49. Sample answer: Anna: I’m impressed by these photographs of snowflakes. I only wish that (1) _____________________________________. Sophie: I would like to learn more about the science behind snowflakes. My Science teacher suggested that I (2) ________________________________________. Anna: That’s a great idea! But for (3) ______________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________. I could capture my own snowflak picture do some research about them online the Internet, we would not have such easy access to information about the “Snowflake Man” or how snowflakes are formed Part B on P72 would have failed would have missed had not told were knew were (should) obey had listened 1. Go through the Grammar notes on Pages 94–95. 2. Finish Part B on Page 75. Homework $