2026届高三英语一轮复习之定语从句在英语写作中的应用 导学案

定语从句在英语写作中的应用 导学案（教师版・含答案） 班级：________ 姓名：________ 学号：________ 日期：________ 学习目标 复习定语从句核心知识，区分关系代词与关系副词。 掌握定语从句在写作中的应用：合并句子、翻译、写段落。 能在作文中熟练使用定语从句，提升句式档次。 学习重难点 重点：定语从句结构、关系词选择、写作中正确运用。 难点：关系代词 vs 关系副词；非限制性定语从句。 学习方法 自主探究、小组合作、讲练结合 一、预习案（Pre-learning）：知识回顾 1. 定语从句基础填空 (1) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的 名词 或 代词。 (2) 关系词：分为 关系代词（who/whom/that/which/whose）和 关系副词（when/where/why）。 (3) 定语从句：修饰 名词 或 代词 的从句，一般紧跟在 先行词 后面。 (4) 分类：限制性 定语从句 和 非限制性 定语从句。 (5) 翻译：定语从句通常译为 “…… 的”。 2. 关系词分类速记 指人：who/that（主 / 宾）、whom（宾）、whose（定） 指物：which/that（主 / 宾）、whose（定） 时间状语：when；地点状语：where；原因状语：why 二、探究案（While-learning）：精讲精练 任务 1：基础闯关 —— 选择正确关系词 1.I am a student from AAA Senior High School, which is located in Xu Chang. 2.The reason why I want to introduce my school is that it offers practical education. 3.There are modern playgrounds that/which are available for us to take exercise. 4.I remember there was a time when all students read English loudly together. 5.There are many friendly classmates with whom I could get along well. 6.I have met excellent teachers who/that devote themselves to teaching. 7.I will never forget the classroom where we study together. 任务 2：句式升级 —— 合并简单句 Our class is a big family. The family consists of 44 girls and 13 boys. → Our class is a big family, which consists of 44 girls and 13 boys. Luo Yang is a famous historic city. We can visit many historic spots in the city. → Luo Yang is a famous historic city, where we can visit a large number of historic spots. Lijiang is a charming town. Many young people go there to experience slow life. → Lijiang is a charming town, where many young people go to experience slow life. The girl will go abroad for study. You invited her to your party. → The girl whom you invited to your party will go abroad for further study. 任务 3：句型翻译 —— 用定语从句完成句子 这就是我们最喜欢的地方。 → This is the place that/which we like most. 我不会忘记我们一起玩的那些日子。 → I will never forget those days when we played together. 我想去视频中提到的那所大学。 → I want to go to the university that/which is mentioned in the video. 三、提升案（Post-learning）：活学活用 任务：短文写作（参考范文） Our school is a beautiful school which/that is surrounded by many green trees. This is the place where I have lived and studied for three years. More importantly, there are a great number of excellent teachers who/that have rich teaching experience. I am a student of AAA High School, which makes me proud. I will never forget the wonderful days when I studied hard here. 四、总结案（Summary） 1. 写作四步法 找先行词（人 / 物 / 时间 / 地点 / 原因） 看从句成分：主 / 宾→关系代词；状语→关系副词 选关系词：who/whom/that/which/whose；when/where/why 从句用陈述语序 2. 写作价值 句式丰富，告别简单句堆砌，精准修饰，表达更地道，高考作文加分核心句型。 五、作业案（Homework）：（参考范文） Dear Tom, I’m glad to tell you about Zhengzhou University, which is a key university with a history of 70 years. It lies in Zhengzhou, where the campus is beautiful and surrounded by green trees. The school has excellent facilities, which include libraries, computer rooms and labs. There are also many experienced teachers who are ready to help students. I hope I can study there soon. Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 定语从句在英语写作中的应用 导学案 班级：________ 姓名：________ 学号：________ 日期：________ 学习目标 复习定语从句的核心知识点，明确关系代词与关系副词的区别。 掌握定语从句在写作中的应用方法，学会合并简单句、精准翻译句子。 能运用定语从句完成短文写作，提升书面表达水平。 学习重难点 重点：定语从句的结构、关系词的正确选择；写作中定语从句的灵活运用。 难点：区分关系代词与关系副词；非限制性定语从句在写作中的使用。 学习方法 自主探究、小组合作、讲练结合 一、预习案（Pre-learning）：知识回顾 1. 定语从句基础填空（自主完成，核对答案） (1) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的______或______。 (2) 关系词：分为__________（who/whom/that/which/whose）和__________（when/where/why）。 (3) 定语从句：修饰______或______的从句，一般紧跟在__________后面。 (4) 分类：________定语从句（无逗号，不可省略）和__________定语从句（有逗号，补充说明）。 (5) 翻译：定语从句通常译为 “____”。 2. 关系词分类速记 指人：（主 / 宾）、（宾）、__________（定） 指物：（主 / 宾）、（定） 时间状语：；地点状语：；原因状语：__________ 二、探究案（While-learning）：精讲精练 任务 1：基础闯关 —— 选择正确关系词（独立完成，小组核对） 1.I am a student from AAA Senior High School, _______ is located in Xu Chang. 2.The reason ______ I want to introduce my school is that it offers practical education. 3.There are modern playgrounds _______ are available for us to take exercise. 4.I remember there was a time ______ all students read English loudly together. 5.There are many friendly classmates with _______ I could get along well. 6.I have met excellent teachers _______ devote themselves to teaching. 7.I will never forget the classroom _____ we study together. 任务 2：句式升级 —— 合并简单句（小组讨论，展示成果） 方法总结： ① 确定主句和从句；② 找出相同的先行词；③ 分析先行词在从句中的成分；④ 选择关系词，从句用陈述语序。 1.Our class is a big family. The family consists of 44 girls and 13 boys. → ________________________________________________________ 2.Luo Yang is a famous historic city. We can visit many historic spots in the city. → ________________________________________________________ 3.Lijiang is a charming town. Many young people go there to experience slow life. → ________________________________________________________ 4.The girl will go abroad for study. You invited her to your party. → ________________________________________________________ 任务 3：句型翻译 —— 用定语从句完成句子（独立完成，互评纠错） 这就是我们最喜欢的地方。 → This is the place ________________________. 我不会忘记我们一起玩的那些日子。 → I will never forget those days ________________________. 我想去视频中提到的那所大学。 → I want to go to the university ________________________. 三、提升案（Post-learning）：活学活用 任务：短文写作（小组合作，完成后互评） 写作主题：介绍 AAA 高级中学 写作要点： 我们学校是一所绿树环绕的美丽学校。这里是我生活和学习了三年的地方。这里有许多有着丰富教学经验的优秀教师。作为 AAA 高级中学的学生我感到很自豪。我永远不会忘记我在这努力学习的美好时光。 写作要求： 至少使用 3 个定语从句，语句通顺，逻辑连贯。 写作框架： Our school is a beautiful school ______________. This is the place ______________ for three years. More importantly, there are a great number of excellent teachers ______________. I am a student of AAA High School, ______________. I will never forget the wonderful days ______________. 四、总结案（Summary）：核心梳理 1. 定语从句核心口诀 先行词，名 / 代前，关系词，来连接； 人用 who 物用 which，that 万能要记牢； 时间 when 地点 where，原因 why 别混淆； 写作用上定从句，句式高级分更高。 2. 写作加分价值 告别简单句，句式更丰富；精准描述人 / 物 / 时间 / 地点，表达更流畅；高考书面表达必背加分句型。 五、作业案（Homework）：巩固拓展 写作任务：邮件介绍郑州大学 你的英国朋友想了解你打算考取的郑州大学，请写一封电子邮件，要点如下： 郑州大学是一所具有 70 年历史的重点大学。校园环境优美、绿树环绕。学校设备优良，有图书馆、计算机室和实验室等。学校有很多经验丰富的优秀教师。 要求： 词数 100 词左右，可适当增加细节； 至少使用 3 个定语从句。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $