假期作业8 DIVERSE CULTURES-【快乐假期】2025-2026学年高一英语暑假作业

快乐假期 000-= Health is better than wealth.健康胜过财富。 假期作业8 DIVERSE CULTURES 完成日期： 月 日 No.1 基础知识 写与背 工.写作句型练 9 /'klauδg/n.衣服；服装 (十四)同位语从句 10. /nit/adj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的 同位语从句在句子中作同位语，它一般要 二、拓展单词 放在主句中某些名词（如thought,idea,fact, adj.不同的；多种多样的→ news,suggestion,plan,belief,doubt,fear)之后， n.差异（性）；不同（点）；多样性 说明这些名词的含义。引导同位语从句的连接 2. n.机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运 词有that,whether或连接副词how,when, 的→ adj.不幸的 where,why等，但大多数是由that引导。 3. adu.肯定；确实→ adj.肯 简单示例 定的；确定的 1.We have taken his suggestion 4 adj.(有关)历史的→history n. 历史 that we shouldhave a second try. 5. 同位语（从句） adj.引起中毒的；有毒的：分泌毒素 的→ n.毒物；毒药；毒素vt.毒死； 2.It is not a secret that Mary has fallen in 毒害 同位语（从句） 6. vt.包；裹；折叠vt.&vi.(可)折小； love with Tom (可)叠平→unfold.打开 √跟踪训练 7. n.作品集；收集物；收藏品→collect 1.地球是圆的这种看法并不新鲜。 v.收集；收藏 8. v.定居→settler n.定居者→settle- 2.他必须回答他是否同意此事这一问题 ment n.定居点 9.construct v.建筑；修建→ n.建筑； 3.我不知道他什么时候回来。 结构 10. v.合身；适合n.西装；套装→suit 4.真相终于大白，他原来是一个小偷。 able adj.合适的；适宜的 11. 0.包含；含有→ n.容器； 5.众所周知，海水是不能饮用的。 集装箱；货柜 Ⅲ.短语双向记 Ⅱ.单词分类记 1. (朝…)前进；（向…）去 一、写作单词 2. 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界 1. /ad'mt/vi.&vt.承认；准许进入 3 谋生 (或加入) 4. 一系列或一连串（事件） 2. /k3:(r)/ui.发生；出现 5. 除了…外（还）：此外 U /'a:ftawadz/adu.以后；后来 6. 导致；引起 /1'skep/ui.&.vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 7.to name but a few n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱 8.(at)first hand /mar'nDrati/n.少数民族；少数派；少 9.open up 数人 10.be located in /pa'sentid3/n.百分率；百分比 IV.经典句式记 'klaimat/n.气候 1.疑问词+插入语十陈述语气 8 /ma'tiorial/n.材料；布料；素材adj. Where he lives? 物质的；实际的 你认为他住在哪儿？ 34 三0022 2.It is likely that...可能… V.写作句型采撷—邮件 the Dear David, teacher will ask us some questions about grammar tomorrow. (得知你计划来中国游玩)in the company of 很有可能老师明天问我们几个有关语法的 your family,I'm writing to extend my sincere 问题。 welcome to you..[写信目的] 3.独立主格结构 What tops my recommendations is Beijing, There are so many people on the playground- (你在哪里可以参 loudly and widely. 观颐和园)and climb the Great Wall.Beijing,the 操场上有很多人，一些疯狂地高声欢呼。 capital of China, 4.非限制性定语从句 (是很多文物的所在地)，among which the For The young teacher invented a new teaching bidden City enjoys the highest popularity.The a heated discussion scenery here is so beautiful and the climate is so way, pleasant (它吸引 about education. 了源源不断的游客)from all over the world.[介 这位年轻老师创新了一种教学方法，这掀起 绍景点] 了对于教育的热烈讨论。 I will be more than delighted 5.not only置于句首 (如果你觉得我的推荐有用的 his drawing 话).Wish you an unforgettable time..[表示 in China,but also in western countries. 欢迎] 他的绘画不仅仅在中国受欢迎，在西方国家 Yours sincerely, 也是如此。 Li Hua No.2基础技能—练与悟 1.单词拼写 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.Research has found that having access to 1.Candidates must satisfy the general condi- (不同的)teachers is beneficial for tions for (admit). children. 2.What other sports do you like apart 2.His (使命，任务)was to football? help young people in his local community. 3. is better for people to have an extra 3.The book inspires confidence in students who 20-minute walk every day. (寻找)their own an 4.I will wish to (definite)choose to study this course as being a scientist has been my swers. dream. 4.Only a (少数)of people sup 5.Those who have committed a crime will never port these new laws. escape (punish). 5.Hong Kong is an international 6.It attracts students home and abroad because (金融的)center. of its abundant cultural (diverse). 6.The library has a (收集)of 7.It (claim)that some doctors were 80,000 books and 90 kinds of newspapers working 80 hours a week. and magazines. 8.Some plants are poison)and 7.These flowers will not grow in cold should be handled with care. (气候).Otherwise,they will die. Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空 8.Despite so many problems,most of them have bring about;make a fortune;under construc- been (解决)with satisfaction. tion;earn a living;turn into;leave out;check 9.The baby's mother (逃脱)from the out;be suitable for;lie in;settle down fire along with two other children. 1.Mr.Wang,one of the "Ten Great Moral 10.No money can be spent on the (建 Models",said that happiness and operation of the tram. helping others in need. 35 900-= 2.A great effort must be made before the ideals 5.我们去了一家特色饭店，在那里我们享受了 can be reality. 顿美味可口的晚餐。（非限制性定语从句） 3.Those with a kind and generous heart We went to a special restaurant, this position of the non-profit organization. V.基础语法练（省略） 4.He put all his savings into this company and 将下列句子改写成省略句 in business. 1.Just take a short break if you are tired. 5.Don't any necessary infor- -Just take a short break mation on your scholarship application form. 2.Only some of the students have done a first 6.For many years,the majority of Chinese peo- aid course but most of the students haven't ple by working hard done a first aid course. in the company. -Only some of the students have done a first 7.It is difficult for the immigrants aid course but in a foreign country. 3.John will go abroad to travel but his brother 8.The new international airport is still will not go abroad to travel. -John will go abroad to travel but his broth- 9.It can a physical emotional,or men- er tal change in people. 4.She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for 10.They folded their clothes,packed up and someone. then of the hotel. -She stood at the gate as if Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子 5.When he was in America,he made many 1.对这件事不仅教授们有自己的看法，学生们 friends with students from different coun- 也有自己的看法。(not only置于句首) tries. Not only their he made many friends own ideas on the matter,but the students with students from different countries. have theirs,too. 6.He won't attend the party even if he is invi- 2.中国在10年内可能实现四个现代化。(1ike ted. ly) -He won't attend the party China will realize four modernizations(现代化)inl0 years. 7.Mistakes,if there are any,should be correc- 3.你认为他什么时候从美国回来？（插入语） ted. -Mistakes, should be corrected. 4.一个小男孩领着路，我们很容易就找到了那 8.The book that he borrowed yesterday is well 个邮局。（独立主格） worth reading. we found the post office → yesterday is well worth easily. reading. No.3素养提升—感与知 1.阅读理解 else.In the last stage,the newcomers begin to get A used to their surroundings and,as a result,enjoy Specialists(专家)say that it is not easy to get their life more. used to life in a new culture."Culture shock"occurs There are some evident factors in culture when they are talking about the feelings that people shock.The weather may be unpleasant.The have in a new environment.The specialists say that customs may be diverse.The public service sys- there are three stages of culture shock.In the first tems-the telephone services,the post office,or stage,the newcomers like their new environment. the transportation-may be difficult to work Then,when the fresh experience dies,they begin to out.The simplest things seem to be the biggest hate the city,the country,the people,and everything problems.The language may be difficult. 36 三0P2 富一葵语) Who feels culture shock?Everyone does in 4.According to the writer,what is the best way this or that way.But culture shock surprises to overcome culture shock? most people.Very often the people having the A.To protect ourselves from the unfamiliar worst culture shock are those who never had environment. any difficulties in their own country.Coming to B.To develop a strange sense of self-protection. C.To get familiar with the new culture. a new country,these people find they do not D.To return to our own country. have the same positions as they had back home. B They find themselves without any identity. I was born and raised in England in a cul- They have to build a new self-image. ture where respecting other people's privacy Culture shock gives rise to a feeling of and "keeping yourself to yourself"were valued. helplessness.This feeling may be homesick- Speaking to strangers was not encouraged.Peo- ness.When homesick,people feel like staying ple were most hospitable(好客的)and friendly. inside all the time.They want to protect them- However,I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US, selves from the strange environment,and create where I found traditions of hospitality and po- an escape inside their room for a sense of secur- liteness very different. ity(安全).This escape does solve the problem I experienced Italian hospitality first-hand of culture shock for a short time,but it does on a crowded railway carriage travelling from nothing to make the person familiar with the Genoa to Florence.Sinking gratefully into an culture.Getting to know the new environment empty seat,I was scolded in rapid Italian by a and gaining experience are the long-term solu- gentleman who was returning to the seat-it tions to the problem of culture shock. had not been "spare"after all,so I apologized in 1.What could happen when people move to a English,and got up to allow him back into the seat.The gentleman obviously had no under- new country? standing of the English language,but he real- A.They may get used to their new surround- ized my sincere apology.He smiled and gestured ings with difficulty. for me to remain in the seat,and he himself re- B.They may have well prepared for the new mained standing in the corridor for the rest of surroundings. the journey.The other passengers smiled and C.They may get used to the culture of the nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome country quickly. among them.I feel that if this had been in Eng- D.They may never be familiar with the cul- land,a foreigner who made a mistake would not ture of the country. always be so kindly treated. Transport also showed the differences be- 2.According to the passage,which of the fol- tween the English and American culture.I flew lowing factors doesn't give rise to culture to New York on a plane with mainly English shock? passengers.We sat together in near silence.No- A.The language. body spoke to me nor,as I expected,to anyone B.The weather conditions and customs. else they did not know.They felt it was not po- C.The public service systems. lite to interrupt someone else's privacy.Howev- D.The homesickness. er,when I travelled across the US,whether by 3.According to the passage,who have the worst plane or Greyhound bus,I was never short of culture shock? conversation.Conversation was going on all around me and whoever sat next to me was hap- A.People who are not successful at home. py to introduce themselves and ask me about B.People who are very successful at home. myself.They obviously felt it would have been C.People who earn much money abroad. rude not to speak to another person,whether D.People who are famous abroad. they were strangers or not. 37 飞受快乐假期 .90M= 5.What do we know about the passengers when lantic Ocean.So the American culture doesn't the author was travelling in Italy? distinguish from the European culture a lot. A.They were all on the side of the gentle- 4 Take the language system for exam- man. ple.In the East,most languages belong to the B.They all laughed at the author for his mis- pictographic language while the Western lan- take. guages are mostly based on the Latin system. C.They would not bear a mistake like the Other causes like human race difference count author's in public. as well.But what's more,due to the far distance D.They all showed their understanding of and the steep areas between the East and West, the author's mistake. the two cultures seldom communicate until re- 6.What does the underlined word“scolded”in cent centuries.So they grew up totally in their Paragraph 3 refer to? own ways with almost no interference(干扰) A.Shouted. B.Surprised. from the other. C.Praised. D.Blamed. The differences are everywhere.5 But 7.Why did English passengers sit in near si- different cultures make the world of the 21st lence according to the last paragraph? century more colorful.The cultural gap should not be the obstacle to the civilization of human A.Everybody was deeply lost in thought. B.They were all strangers to each other. beings.It ought to be the motivation of our go- ing farther. C.Respecting privacy was valued in England. A.Let us work together to keep a variety of D.They were too tired to speak to anyone. cultures. 8.What can be the best title for the text? B.One important thing is to learn about other A.Understand Each Other cultures. B.The Importance of Privacy C.And these two are well-known as the base of C.Different Ways of Hospitality and Politeness the European culture. D.My Unforgettable Travelling Experience D.At the same time,some other differences add Abroad to the cultural differences. Ⅱ.阅读填句（七选五） E.This is because the culture systems are two Different Cultures separate systems on the whole. The cultures of the East and the West real- F.They helped the two cultures develop for ly distinguish each other a lot.1 centuries and form their own styles. The origin of the Eastern culture is mainly G.They are obvious and affect people's ways of from two countries:China and India.Both of the thinking and their views of the world. two cultures are developed by rivers-the …[中华文化苑们… Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in Face Changing(变脸) India.2 It is said that the origin of face changing When the two mother rivers gave birth to has something to do with the resistance of wild the Eastern culture,another famous culture was beasts(野兽).In ancient times,when coming: brought up on the Mesopotamian Plain-the across a ferocious(凶猛的)animal,people used Mesopotamian Civilization.This civilization lat- to draw different patterns on their faces to er on developed into the cultures of Ancient scare the animal away and keep themselves Greece and Ancient Rome.3 Like the Chi- safe.Later on,such trick was applied to the nese culture,the European culture also crossed stage performance of Sichuan Opera,and the waters.When the British settled down in Amer- uniquet(g独特的)art of face changing has thus ica,their culture went with them over the At- come into being. 38三0022 假期作业7 基础知识一写与背 L.1.The question is whether he is able to do it alone. 2.That is why he didn't pass the exam. 3.Xiao Li is no longer what he used to be. 4.What he wants to know is which dress she should buy. 5.What is troubling us is when we can get to know the details. I.-,1.complain 2.scholarship 3.hire 4.elsewhere 5.publish 6.replace 7.accident 8.chairman 9.income 10.per 11.therefore ,1.marry 2.majority major 3.respond response 4.reject rejection 5.appoint appointment 6.elect election 7.retire retirement 8.saving 9.scared scare 10.sharp sharpen 11.energetic 12.operation 13.export 14.assist assistant 15.harmful harmless Il.1.carry sb.through sth.2.tend to do sth. 3.pass away4.in memory of5.a great deal(of)6.流着泪： 含着泪7.处于绝望中8.被…绊倒9.急救 10.道德困境 IV.1.the first;to fly 2.making contributions to 3.what he can 4.Neither;nor 5.in memory of V.is an old fable about a king who thinks his people are lazy The author used this story to impress upon readers The story was successful in achieving its purpose It's our duty to take personal responsibility there are better stories to inspire peo- ple to take personal responsibility 基础技能一练与悟 I.1.virtue 2.hire 3.precious 4.complained 5.physician 6.moral 7.principles 8.scholarships 9.rejected 10.marriage II.1.to 2.appointment 3.rejections 4.Election 5.more important 6.energetic 7.majority 8.to win 9.about 10.sharply Il.1.carry;through 2.be faced with 3.in memory of 4.passed away 5.drawing a conclusion 6.tend to 7.care for 8.look into 9.in tears 10.to get into trouble I.1.to be awarded 2.Smoking is very harmful to people's health 3.what happened yesterday 4.Neither Lucy nor her little brother is 5.be responsible for my students V,l.running宾补2.Reading状语3.working 宾补 4.crying宾补5.called宾补6.allowing状语 素养提升一感与知 I,[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了践行美 德能让我们开发自己的潜能，过上更美好的生活。 l.C[推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“With the habit of being virtuous.:·greater happiness and fulfillment,”可推断， 具有美德的人有行善的习惯。] 2.A[主旨大意题。第二段中的“However,practicing virtues is not easy..”指出践行美德并不容易，接着列举了几个例子 来证明这一观点。由此可知，本段主要讲的是“践行美德并 非易事”。] 3.D[词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的“kindness towards someone.,.can make him or her smile and build”可知，对那 个正度过糟糕的一天的人施以善意可以让他或她微笑，连词 and表示顺承关系，由此可推测此处指双方建立“融洽的关 系”，划线词意为“融洽关系”，与D项意思相近。] 4.A[推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Practicing vir tues allows us to develop our potential,and live a more pur- poseful and better life.”可推断，作者的目的是鼓励人们践行 美德。 Ⅱ，[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了优秀的 人身上所具有的几点优秀品质：为他人考虑、勇敢、对生活心存 感恩、谦逊有礼。文章旨在引导学生学习优秀的品质。 L,D[根据空前的句子“What makes a person‘good'when it all comes down to it?”可知，设空处应该是该问题的回答，再 根据下文每一段的小标题可知，设空处应起到引出下文具体 品质的作用，D项中的“a good person”和空前的“a person ‘good'”呼应，且“some qualities”指代了下文小标题的 内容。] 2.G[根据本段小标题“They think of others..”可知，本段应 与为他人考虑有关。G项“然而，好的品质是做决定前会考 虑别人。”与空前“只关心自己”形成转折关系。] 6 富一葵语 3.C[根据本段小标题“They're courageous.”可知，本段讲述 了优秀的人都很勇敢。再结合空前“Good people don't give up easily.”,他们不轻言放弃，可知，设空处也应与勇敢的表 现有关。C项“即使遇到困难，他们也会继续前进。”与前文 衔接，且为递进关系，符合语境。] 4.A [设空处为本段的小标题，应对本段起概括作用。本段 主要讲述优秀的人懂得珍惜和感恩自己所拥有的人和物。 A项讲述了优秀的人对生活心存感激，很好地总结段落 大意。] 5.F[根据本段小标题“They're modest and humble.”可知，本 段主要讲述优秀的人都很谦逊有礼。故设空处也应与优秀 谦逊有关。F项中的“modest'”为小标题中“modest”的同词复 现。F项“一个优秀的人对自我保持着自信而谦逊的看法。” 既呼应了本段主题，又引出了下文。] Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了张桂梅 为中国偏远山区教育事业做出的杰出贡献。 L.was forced[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子 可知，设空处为宾语从句的谓语，根据主句的时态和此处语 境可知应用一殷过去时；al3-year-old girl与force之间为被 动关系，应用被动语态：主语为单数名词，谓语也应用单数。 故填was forced。」 2.being[考查动词-ing形式。句中for为介词，后接动词-ing 形式作宾语。故填being。」 3.to build[考查动词不定式。inspire sb..to do sth.意为“激 励某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾补。故填t0 build。门 4.where[考查定语从句。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制 性定语从句，先行词为a free public high school,.关系词在从 句中作地，点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。] 5.thousands[考查数词。thousands of意为“数以千计的”。 故填thousands。] 6.to/into考查介词。be admitted to/into.,,为固定搭配，意 为“被…接收”。故填to或int0。] 7.well[考查副词。do well in意为“在…方面做得好”。故 填well。] 8.An[考查冠词。mother为可数名词，此处泛指“一个受过良好 救育的、负责任的母亲”，且educated的发音以元音音素开头，应 用不定冠词an。注意句首单词首字母大写。故填An。] 9.moving[考查形容词。分析句子可知，设空处作定语修饰 stories,意为“令人感动的”，应用形容词。故填moving。] l0.contribution(s)[考查名词。设空处作介词for的宾语，应 用名词；contribution意为“贡献”时为可数名词，但设空处 前面有限定词her,所以此处用单复数均可。故填contribu tion(s)。 假期作业8 基础知识一写与背 I.1.The idea that the earth is round is not a new one. 2.He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 3.I have no idea when he will be back. 4.The whole truth came out at last that he was a thief. 5.The fact that sea water can not be used for drinking is known to all. Ⅱ.一，l.admit2.occur3.afterwards4.escape5.minori- ty 6.percentage 7.climate 8.material 9.clothing 10.neat ,1.diverse diversity 2.fortune unfortunate 3.definitely definite 4.historical 5.poisonous poison 6.fold 7.collection 8.settle 9.construction 10.suit 11.contain container IlI.1.head to 2.seek one's fortune 3.earn a living 4.series of5.apart from6.bring about7.仅举几例 8.第一手：亲自9.开发：开辟10.位于 IV.1.do you think 2.It is likely that 3.some cheering 4.which started 5.Not only is;popular V.Having learned that you plan to pay a visit to China where you can visit the Summer Palace is home to a number of cul- tural relics that it attracts a constant stream of travelers if you find my recommendation helpful 基础技能一练与悟 I.1.diverse 2.mission 3.seek 4.minority 5.financial 6.collection 7.climates/climate 8.settled/solved 9.escaped 10.construction 火快乐限 II.1.admission 2.from 3.It 4.definitely 5.being punished 6.diversity 7.was claimed 8.poisonous Ill.1.lies in 2.turned into 3.are suitable for 4.made a fortune 5.leave out 6.earned a living 7.to settle down 8.under construction 9.bring about 10.checked out IV.1.do the professors have 2.It is likely that 3.When do you think he is coming back from America?4.A boy leading the way 5.where we enjoyed a delicious dinner V.1.if tired 2.most haven't 3.will not 4.waiting for someone 5.When in America 6.even if invited 7.if any 8.The book he borrowed 素养提升一 一感与知 I,A.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当 人们进入一个新的环境后，哪些因素会引起文化冲击，哪些人 会感受到文化冲击，以及文化冲击的影响和应对方法。 l,A[细节理解题。根据第一段首句“Specialists say that it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture.”和下文对文化 冲击的三个阶段的陈述可知，当人们搬到一个新的国家时， 他们可能很难适应新环境。] 2.D[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The weather may be unpleasant.The customs may be diverse.The public service systems...may be difficult to work out...The language may be difficult.”可知，天气条件、习俗、公共服务系统和语言都 会引起文化冲击，所以A、B、C三项可排除。] 3.B[推理判断题。根据第三段第四句“Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their own country.”可知，最能感受到文化冲击 的人是在自己国家中从未遇到过任何困难的人，由此可推 测，在国内很成功的人最能感受到文化冲击。] 4.C[推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句“Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock.”可知，熟悉新环 境、获得经验是长远解决文化冲击的办法，也就是说解决文 化冲击的最好办法是熟悉新文化。 B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的旅行经 历说明了不同文化中人们表现“好客”和“礼貌”的方式不一样。 5.DL推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The other passengers smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome among them.(其他乘客对我微笑着点了，点头，让我在他们中 间感到很受欢迎。)”可知，车厢里的其他乘客都对作者点头 微笑，说明他们理解作者的错误，对作者的错误很宽容。] 6.DL词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句中的“so I apologized in English,and got up to allow him back into the seat'”可知， 作者道歉说明作者被批评，划线词是“责备”的意思，与blame 意为一致。] 7.C[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They felt it was not polite to interrupt someone else's privacy..（他们觉得打断别 人的隐私是不礼貌的。)”可知，英国乘客都不说话是因为他 们国家的传统认为打扰别人的清净是很不礼貌的，因此英国 重视尊重别人不受千扰的状态。」 8.C[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“However,I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US,where I found traditions of hospitality and politeness very different,.(然而，我很幸运地在意大利和美国待了一段 时间，在那里我发现好客和礼貌的传统非常不同。)”可知，作 者通过描述自己在意大利和美国的旅行经历来说明不同文 化中人们表现“好客”和“礼貌”的方式不一样。故C项“好客 和礼貌的不同方式”切题。] Ⅱ，[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了东西方 文化的差异及其形成的原因。 1,E[该空前一句提到“东西方文化确实有很大的差异”，后面 说文化不同的原因，可知。] 2.F[根据该空前一句可知，两种文化分别由中国的黄河和印 度的印度河所孕育，由此可知，这里写的是河流对于文化的 影响，可知。] 3.C[上文说这种文明后来发展成为古希腊和古罗马文明，C 项“众所周知，这两种文明正是欧洲文化的基础”是对上文的 总结。] 4.D[该空后一句“Take the language system for example..”是 以语言系统来举例讲述了文化间的差异，由此可知本段主要 是以其他方面的不同来说明文化的不同，可知。 5,G[由该空前一句“The differences are everywhere.”以及空 后的内容讲述了文化的不同对世界的影响可知。] 6 00H= 假期作业9 基础知识一写与背 1.When the bell rang,the person was waiting in his seat. 2.Three months had gone by before she knew it. 3.She went on walking and walking until she came to the end of the river. 4.My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework. 5.He hurried home,looking behind as he went. Ⅱ.一、l.mental2.intelligent3.data4.desire5.signal 6.lack 7.otherwise 8.beyond 9.keen 10.shallow 11.attach ,1.determined determine 2.disappointed disappointing 3.independently independent 4.recycle recyclable 5.argue argument 6.regularly regular 7.limited limit- less limit II.1.carry on 2.on board 3.result in 4.run out 5.so as to(do sth..)6.提供生活所需7.抱着…的希望 8.弄懂：弄清楚：弄明白9.所以：结果（是）10.最后 IV.1.Come;and 2.enough to drive 3.What one has learned 4.Following the example 5.to carry V.whether it is necessary to carry out outer space exploration as it is of benefit to many fields the success of space explo- ration is achieved which are far beyond our imagination 基础技能一练与悟 I.1.procedure(s)2.gravity 3.intelligent 4.universe 5.launched 6.sufficient 7.current 8.facilities 9.monitor 10.resource II.1.to 2.global 3.limited 4.from 5.to go 6.argument 7.regularly 8.on 9.disappointed 10.working Il.1.are running out 2.in the hope of 3.carried on 4.figure out 5.as a result 6.resulted in 7.In closing 8.provide for IV.1.Study hard and you are sure to succeed 2.To keep healthy 3.Not knowing her telephone number 4.enough money to buy the car 5.What I need V.l.togo定语2.To provide目的状语3.to find结 果状语4.to get定语5.to see原因状语6.to carry 定语7.to understand状语8.to live定语 素养提升一 一感与知 I,「语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了一种未来字 航员可能在太空中获取食物的新方法：利用细菌将小行星中的 含碳物质转化为可食用的食物，类似于酸奶或粉末。如采成 功，这种方法可以在小行星上大规模生产食物，为未来的太空 探索提供支持。 l,A[根据空前“While astronauts on the International Space Station have experimented with growing salad leaves,the vast majority of food consumed in space is transported from Earth.(虽然国际空间站上的宇航员已经尝试种植沙拉叶， 但在太空中消费的大部分食物都是从地球运输过去的。)”和 空后“That's why Joshua Pearce at Western University in Ontario,Canada,decided to try using bacteria to change car- bon-containing(含碳的)material from minor planets into eat- able food.(这就是为什么加拿大安大略省西安大略大学的约 书亚·皮尔斯决定尝试使用细菌将小行星中的含碳物质转 化为可食用的食物。)”可知，太空使用的大部分食物来自地 球，因此更加遥远且持久的任务是不可能的，因为食物无法 供应，因此推断A项“这对于更远距离、更长时间的任务来说 是不可能的。”符合语境，并且引出下文的解决办法一尝试 使用细菌将小行星中的含碳物质转化为可食用的食物。] 2.E[根据前文“This process has not been carried out yet on real minor planets.But Pearce's team has performed similar experiments using bacteria to break down plastic from lefto- ver in army food supply bags.(这一过程尚未在真正的行星 上进行。但皮尔斯的团队已经进行了类似的实验，使用细菌 分解军队食品供应袋中的塑料残留物。)”和后文“The collec tive bacteria end up looking something like a brown milk shake and the team has also experimented with drying out this material to produce something like yogurt or even a pow der.(最终的细菌混合物看起来像一种棕色奶青，团队还尝 试将这种物质干燥，以生产出类似酸奶或粉末的东西。)”可