内容正文:
Unit 7 Ways to be healthy
单词
1. surprising/sə'praɪzɪŋ/ adj. 出人意料的;令人吃 惊的;奇怪的
2. truth /tru:θ/ n. 事实;真相;真实
3. habit /'hæbɪt/ n. 习惯;习性
4. usual /'ju:ʒuəl/ adj. 通常的;寻常的
5. health/helθ/ n. 健康;医疗
6. become/bɪ'kʌm/ v. 变成;开始变得
7. awful/'ɔːfl/ adj. 可怕的;很坏的
8. poor/pɔ:(r)/ adj. 可怜的;贫穷的
9. balanced/'bælənst/ adj. 保持平衡的
10.diet/'daɪət/ n. 日常饮食;规定饮食
v. 节食
11. weight/weɪt/ n. 重量;重物;重任
v. 使负重
12. couch/kəʊtʃ/ n. 长沙发;长榻
13.arrive/ə'raɪv/ v. 到达;送到;发生
14.badminton/'bædmɪntən/ n. 羽毛球运动
15. tennis/'tenɪs/ n. 网球
16.refresh/rɪ'tref/ v. 使恢复精力;刷新
17.sleepy/'sliːpi/ adj. 困倦的;安静的
18.spend/spend/ v. 花(时间);花(钱)
n. 花销;花费
19.brain/breɪn/ n.脑;智力;聪明的人
20.calm/kɑːm/ v.使平静;使镇静
adj.镇静的;沉着的
21. screen/skri:n/ n.屏幕;荧光屏
22. awake/əˈweɪk/ adj.醒着
v.(使)醒来;唤起
23. bedtime/ˈbedtaɪm/n.就寝时间
24. dark/dɑːk/ adj.黑暗的;忧郁的
n.黑暗;暗色
25. remember/rɪˈmembə(r)/v.记住;纪念
26. rise/raɪz/ v.起床:上升
n.上升;增加
27.wealthy/ˈwelθi/adj.富有的
28.wise/waɪz/ adj.明智的;英明的
29.lifestyle/ˈlaɪfstaɪl/ n.生活方式;工作方式
30.diary/ˈdaɪəri/ n.日记;记事簿
31.build/bɪld/ v.建筑;建造
32.thanks/θæŋks/ n.感谢
33.effort/ˈefət/n.努力;尽力;成就
34.physical/ˈfɪzɪkl/ adj.身体的;物质的
35.include/ɪnˈkluːd/ v.包括;包含
36.plenty/ˈplenti/ pron.大量;充足
adv.大量;非常
37.single/ˈsɪŋgl/adj.单一的;单身的
38.pizza/ˈpiːtsə/n.比萨饼
39.less/les/adv.较少;较小
40.choice/tʃɔɪs/n.选择;挑选;选择权
41.huge/hjuːdʒ/adj.巨大的;极多的
短语
1.to tell you the truth 说实话
2.as usual 和往常一样
3.at a time 每次
4.wake up 醒来
5.balanced diet 均衡的饮食
6.used to 曾经
7.put on weight 增加体重;长胖
8.worry about 担心
9.all day 整天
10.go for a walk 散步
11.stay up late 熬夜
12.spend time on 在……上花费时间
13.calm down 冷静;(使)平静下来
14.keep awake 保持清醒
15.put… away 把……移开;收起
16.thanks to 幸亏;由于
17.cut down 削减
18.of course 当然
19.plenty of 大量;充足
20.instead of 代替;而不是
句型
①Getting enough sleep is important for your health.获得充足的睡眠对你的健康很重要。
②Go to bed at the same time every night.每天晚上在同一时间上床睡觉。
③Don't spend too much time on your phone before going to bed.睡觉前不要花太多时间在手机上。④Thanks to Ben's efforts, he and I exercise every day after school.多亏了本的努力,我和他每天放学后都锻炼身体。
⑤To tell you the truth,I decided to change my eating habits last night.说实话,昨天晚上我决定改变我的饮食习惯。
⑥Last night, I ate five donuts as usual.昨晚,我像往常一样吃了五个甜甜圈。
语法
1. 祈使句
语音
1. 字母组合ou、er、ea、tr和 ts的读音
一、知识点清单
知识点1:That's surprising.(教材P86)
surprising /sə'praɪzɪŋ/ adj. 出人意料的;令人吃惊的;奇怪的
surprised与surprising 两者均为形容词。区别如下:
surprised 意为“感到惊讶的”。其主语通常是人,说明人的感受,常在句中作表语。
be surprised at sth.对某事感到惊讶
be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶
surprising 意为“令人吃惊的”,说明事物本身具有令人吃惊的特征,在句中可作表语或定语。
We are surprised at the surprising news.我们对这个惊人的消息感到惊讶。
We are all surprised at his changes.我们都对他的变化感到惊讶。
It's not surprising that they lost.他们吃了败仗,不奇怪。
知识点2:To tell you the truth,I decided to change my eating habits last night. (教材P86)
truth /truːθ/ n.事实;真相;真实
truth作名词,其常用短语to tell (you) the truth意为“说实话”,一般在句中作插入语,用逗号与其他句子成分隔开。
I won't let you go if you don't tell me the truth.如果你不告诉我真相,我就不让你走。
To tell you the truth, I don't like him at all. 说实话,我一点儿都不喜欢他。
拓展
truth n.真实 true adj.真的;真实的 truthful adj.诚实的;真实的 truly adv.真实地;真诚地
语境串记
Thank you for being truthful with me. To tell you the truth, I feel truly sorry for your true experience. 谢谢你对我坦诚以待。说实话,对于你的真实经历,我真的感到很难过。
habit /'hæbɪt/ n.习惯;习性
habit作可数名词,其复数形式为habits.
有关habit的常用短语
good/ bad habits 好/坏习惯
eating/ living habits 饮食/生活习惯
change a habit 改变习惯
develop a habit 养成习惯
get out of the habit of... 改掉……的习惯
get into the habit of... 养成……的习惯
It is a good habit to do some reading before you go to bed every day.每天睡前阅读是个好习惯。
I' ve got into the habit of reading Tang poems every morning.我养成了每天早上读唐诗的习惯。
知识点3: Last night, I ate five donuts as usual.(教材P86 )
usual /'juːʒuəl/ adj.通常的;寻常的讲as usual意为“和往常一样”,表示一种习惯性动作,常位于句首或句末。
She sat in her usual seat at the back.她坐在后排平时习惯坐的位子上。
Jenny is the first to get to school as usual. 詹妮和往常一样第一个到校。
拓展
usual adj.通常的 unusual adj.不寻常的 usually adv.通常
特别提醒
usual是以辅音音素开头的单词,其前用不定冠词时应用a;unusual是以元音音素开头的单词,其前用不定冠词时应用 an.
a usual day一个寻常的日子
an unusual day一个不寻常的日子
知识点4:You shouldn't eat so many donuts at a time. (教材P86 )
at a time每次
She can sit and read for hours at a time.她可以坐在那里一看书就是几个小时。
She hurried to run up the stairs two at a time.她很匆忙,一步两阶地跑上楼梯。
拓展 与time相关的其他短语/搭配:
at all times总是 at times 有时;间或
at the same time 同时 at one time一次;曾经
on time准时 in time及时
for the first time首次 have a good time玩得开心
知识点5: It' s not good for your health.(教材P86 )
health /helθ/ n.健康;医疗
health作不可数名词,be in good/poor health表示“身体状况好/不好”。
Junk food is bad for your health. 垃圾食品对你的健康有害。
To be in good health, you must sleep enough.要保持身体健康,你必须要有充足的睡眠。
拓展health n.健康
healthy adj.健康的;有益健康的 unhealthy adj.不健康的;对身体有害的
healthily adv.健康地 unhealthily adv.不健康地
语境串记
I want to learn how to eat healthily because eating healthy food is good for our health.我想学习如何吃得健康,因为吃健康的食物对我们的健康有益。
知识点6:In the dream I became a big donut and everyone tried to eat me. It was awful!(教材P86 )
become /bɪ'kʌm/ v.变成;开始变得讲become在此作连系动词,后面可接形容词或名词作表语,多指状态、身份、职位等的变化。
His mother became very angry when she heard the news.他妈妈听到这个消息时变得非常生气。
She became a teacher two years ago.她两年前成为一名老师。
拓展 表示“变得”的连系动词还有get、turn和grow,其中turn多指在颜色和性质等方面变得与原来不同。
The days are getting longer and longer. 白天变得越来越长了。
The leaves turn yellow in autumn.树叶在秋天变黄。
My younger brother is growing tall.我弟弟渐渐长高了。
awful /'ɔːfl/ adj.可怕的;很坏的
awful作形容词,意为“可怕的;很坏的”。
Danny had an awful dream last night. 丹尼昨晚做了一个可怕的梦。
The weather was awful last summer.去年夏天天气很糟糕。
拓展awfully[副词]很,非常
It's awfully cold in the office. Is the heater on?
办公室非常冷。取暖器开了吗?
知识点7: Oh no! Poor Danny! (教材P86)
poor/pɔː(r)/ adj.可怜的;贫穷的
(1)[形容词]可怜的(此处用法)只能用于名词前作定语。
It's hungry—poor little dog.它饿了——可怜的小狗。
(2)[形容词]贫穷的
在句中可作表语或定语。反义词为rich(富有的)。
I saw how poor villagers used to be, and I also see how they have changed over the years.我看到了村民们过去是多么贫穷,也看到了这些年来他们是如何改变的。
语境串记
Although the woman is very poor, she often helps some poor strangers.尽管这位女士很穷,但是她经常帮助一些可怜的陌生人。
知识点8:Then I woke up and decided to have a balanced diet. (教材P86 )
wake up醒来 过去式为woke
wake up在此作不及物动词词组,表示自行醒来。
That baby suddenly woke up and cried.那个婴儿突然醒了,哭了起来。
拓展wake up还可作及物动词词组,意为“唤醒,叫醒”。若宾语为人称代词,人称代词应放在wake与up之间;若宾语为名词,名词既可放在两词之间,也可放在up之后。
I will have a meeting this afternoon. Please wake me up at 2:00 pm.今天下午我要开会。请在下午2点叫醒我。
Mary, it's time to wake up your sister(= wake your sister up).玛丽,是时候叫醒你妹妹了。
balanced /'bælənst/ adj.保持平衡的
balanced是由“balance(n.平衡)+-d(形容词后缀)”构成,既可作定语,又可作表语。
balanced diet均衡的饮食
We should know the importance of a balanced diet.我们应该知道均衡饮食的重要性。(作定语)
Nature is perfectly balanced.大自然是非常平衡的。(作表语)
It's hard to balance on one leg.单腿站立很难
She balanced the cup on her knee.她把杯子在膝盖上放稳。
I lost my balance and fell on my face.我失去平衡,脸着地摔倒了。
You need a good sense of balance to ride a bicycle.骑自行车需要很好的平衡感。(2024苏州中考)
Try to keep a balance between work and play.尽量保持工作和娱乐的平衡。
知识点9:Ben and Tim are good friends. They used to exercise a lot together. (教材P88)
used to do sth.过去常常做某事;曾经做某事
used to do sth.表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。used没有人称和数的变化。其变否定句和疑问句时常借助于助动词did.
I used to get up late in the morning, but now I get up very early.我过去早上常常起得很晚,但现在我起得很早。
I used to live in London.我曾经在伦敦居住过。
—Did you use to run?你过去常常跑步吗?
—Yes,I did.是的,我经常跑。/No,I didn't.不,我不经常跑。
拓展
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
This key is used to open the third door.这把钥匙是用来开第三扇门的。
I am/get used to going for a walk after supper.我习惯于晚饭后散散步。
知识点10: And he is putting on weight. Ben worries about Tim. (教材P88 )
put on weight增加体重;长胖
put on在此表示“增加体重”,它还可意为“穿上;上演”。
I put on a lot of weight. 我体重增加了很多。
Maria, don't forget to put on the sports shoes. You have a P.E. class today.玛丽亚,别忘了穿运动鞋。你今天有体育课。
We'll put on a children's play at the end of this month.我们将在本月底上演一出儿童剧。
拓展 与put相关的其他常见短语:
put out熄灭 put up张贴;举起
put off推迟 put away把……收拾起来
put down写下,记下 put forward提出
weight /weɪt/ n.重量;重物;重任
(1)weight作“重量”讲时,相关短语有:
put on weight增加体重;长胖
lose weight减轻体重;减肥
by weight按重量
the weight of…的重量
in weight在重量方面
over weight超重
She lost a lot of weight when she was ill.她生病时体重减轻了许多。
Bananas are sold by weight.香蕉按重量出售。
(2) weight的其他含义:
[C] 重物:The doctor said he should not lift heavy weights.医生建议他别拿重物。
(单数名词)重任:Finishing the homework is a weightoff my mind.完成家庭作业卸下了我心头的一副重担。
weigh作动词,意为“有……重;称重量”。
The baby elephant weighs 230 pounds. = The weight of the baby elephant is 230 pounds. =The baby elephant is 230 pounds in weight. 这头小象重230磅。
语境串记
Lisa is trying to lose weight. But I think she should put on weight, because she is too thin to bear the weight of a small box. The box only weighs 3 kg. 丽莎正在设法减肥。但是我认为她应该增加体重,因为她太瘦了,以至于承受不了一个小箱子的重量。那个箱子只有3千克重。
worry about担心
worry about的同义短语为be worried about,前者强调动作,后者强调状态。
Don't worry about me. I'm very well. 别担心我,我很好。
I'm worried about the test. 我为这次测验感到担忧。
知识点11:Don' t be a couch potato all day.(教材P88)
all day整天 有时也说all day long,相当于the whole day.
Getting up early makes you active all day.早起让你一整天都很活跃。
拓展有关day的其他常见表达:
day by day一天天,渐渐地 day and night日日夜夜
day after day 日复一日 during the day在白天
知识点12:Tim arrives home from school(教材P88 )
arrive /əˈraɪv/ v.到达;送到;发生
辨析 arrive, get to与reach
①arrive in+大地点名词
②arrive at+小地点名词
③arrive+地点副词(here/ there/ home)
get to+地点名词(若接here/ there/ home等地点副词,则省略to)
reach+地点名词/地点副词
Danny will arrive in/ get to/ reach Beijing next week.丹尼将于下周到达北京。
We should arrive at school on time.我们应该按时到校。
My father arrived/ got/ reached home late last night.昨天晚上我爸爸很晚才回家。
知识点13: He often goes for a walk and plays badminton or tennis with Ben. (教材P88 )
go for a walk散步 相当于take/have a walk.
I usually go for a walk(= take/ have a walk)after supper.我通常晚饭后去散步。
拓展 与go for a walk类似的短语还有:
go for a swim去游泳
go for a picnic去野餐
go for a drive开车兜风
go for a ride去骑车
知识点14:Sleep gives you time to rest and helps you feel refreshed in the morning.(教材P90)
refresh /rɪ'freʃ/ v.使恢复精力;刷新
其形容词形式为 refreshed feel refreshed感觉神清气爽
①refresh v.使恢复精力;消除……的疲劳
A hot bath will refresh you.洗个热水澡可以让你消除疲劳。
②v.刷新(网页等) Click here to refresh this document.
点击此处以刷新文件。
知识点15:When you don't sleep well, you may feel sleepy all day.(教材P90)
sleepy /'sliːpi/ adj.困倦的;安静的
adj.困倦的 feel sleepy感到困倦 The warmth from the fire made her feel sleepy.暖洋洋的炉火使她昏昏欲睡。
adj.安静的 My hometown is a sleepy little town.我的家乡是一个宁静的小城。
辨析sleep、asleep和sleepy
单词
词性
中文含义
核心用法
常用搭配 / 例句
sleep
动词 (v.)
名词 (n.)
睡觉;睡眠
表示睡觉的动作 / 睡眠时间
动词:I sleep at 9 every day.名词:I have a good sleep.
asleep
形容词 (adj.)
睡着的、熟睡的
只能作表语,不能放名词前;强调状态
be asleep 睡着fall asleep 入睡He is asleep.
sleepy
形容词 (adj.)
困倦的、想睡的
可作表语、也可修饰名词;想睡觉还没睡着
feel sleepy 感到困a sleepy boy 犯困的男孩I’m sleepy.
知识点16:Don't spend too much time on your phone before going to bed. (教材P90 )
spend time/money on 在……上花费时间/金钱
Some teenagers spend their free time on voluntary work.一些青少年把他们的空闲时间花在志愿工作上。
Betty spends 20% of her money on food.贝蒂将20%的钱花在食物上。
单词
常用主语
花费内容(宾语)
核心常用句型结构
spend
人
时间 / 金钱
1. sb. spends time/money on sth.
2. sb. spends time/money doing sth.
cost
物 / 事
金钱
sth. costs (sb.) some money某物花了(某人)多少钱
take
it(形式主语)
时间
It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.做某事花费(某人)多长时间
pay
人
金钱
sb. pays some money for sth.某人为某物付钱
语境串记
I like sports. I often spend a lot of time doing sports.I also spend some money on it.I bought a bat last week. It cost me fifty dollars.And I have to pay 5 dollars for the gym time every day.It usually takes me two hours to do sports there.我喜欢体育运动。我经常花狼多时间做运动。我也会在运动方面花一些钱。上周我买了一个球掐,它花了我50 美元,并且我每天去体育馆得花5 美元。我通常会花两个小时在那里做运动。
巧学妙记
cost、pay、take与spend的用法
cost与 pay花金钱, take花的是时间,
既花时间又花钱,还是spend来露面。
知识点17:Your brain needs to calm down.(教材P90)
brain /breɪn/ n. 脑;智力;聪明的人
脑 :Jumping the rope is a kind of full-body exercise and it is great for the brain.跳绳是一种全身运动,对大脑很有好处。
聪明的人:He is one of the best scientific brains in the country.他是国家最优秀的科技人才之一。
智力;脑力: She has a good brain.她很聪颖。It takes a lot of brain to think of something like that! 能想得出那么个主意来是需要费很大脑筋的!
v.使平静;使镇定
calm down冷静;(使)平静下来
The doctor played the music to calm her daughter down.医生播放音乐来使她女儿平静下来。
calm down通常不用于进行时,
We waited inside until everything calmed down.我们在室内等待,直到一切恢复了平静。
拓展calm[形容词]镇静的,沉着的
keep/ stay calm保持镇静
Keep calm and carry on. There's still a long way to go.保持冷静,继续前行。还有很长的路要走。
知识点18:The light from the screen can keep you awake. (教材P90)
awake /ə'weɪk/ adj. 醒着 v.(使)醒来;唤起
[形容词]可作表语或宾语补足语,不可位于名词前作定语。其反义词为asleep“睡着”。
keep sb. awake使某人没有睡意
stay/keep/remain awake保持清醒
She was awake all night. 她彻夜未眠。(作表语)
To keep themselves awake, they sat on the floor and told each other stories. 为了不让自己睡着,他们坐在地板上相互讲故事。(作宾语补足语)
I was still wide awake until two o' clock in the morning.直到凌晨两点我仍然睡意全无。
(1)[动词](使)醒来 在日常用语中,人们经常说wake up,而不说awake.
awake既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词。其过去式为awoke.
Her voice awoke the sleeping child.她的声音惊醒了睡着的小孩。
I awoke from a deep sleep. =I woke up from a deep sleep.我从沉睡中醒来。
(2)[动词]唤起 awake one's attention引起某人的注意
His speech awoke our attention.他的演讲引起了我们的注意。
知识点19:Put your phone away 30 minutes or more before bedtime. (教材P90)
put... away把……移开;收起
put away属于“动词+副词”型短语,如果宾语是代词,代词只能放在put和away的中间;如果宾语是名词,名词放在away前后皆可。
Your school things are on the floor. Please put them away.你的学习用品在地板上。请把它们收拾好。
I always put the toys away (= put away the toys) after playing with them. 我玩过玩具之后总是把它们收起来。
知识点20: Keep your room dark and quiet.(教材P90 )
dark /dɑːk/ adj.黑暗的;忧郁的n.黑暗;暗色
dark的用法:
词性
中文释义
例句
中文翻译
备注
adj. 形容词
黑暗的
It was dark outside and I couldn't see clearly.
外面很黑,我看不清。
形容光线不足
忧郁的、阴沉的
Her dark expression showed how she felt.
她忧郁的表情表明了她的感受。
形容神情、心情低落
深色的、暗色的
dark blue / green / red / brown
深蓝色 / 墨绿色 / 深红色 / 深棕色
反义词:light 浅色的、淡色的
n. 名词
黑暗,暗处
I am afraid of the dark.
我怕黑。
不可数名词
黄昏,傍晚,黑夜
Try to get home before dark.
尽量在天黑前回家。
固定搭配:before/after dark 天黑前 / 天黑后
二、语法点清单
祈使句
祈使句定义
祈使句是用来表达命令、请求、劝告、建议、警告、禁止的句子,日常用于让别人做某事或不做某事。
核心本质:说话对象默认是第二人称 you(你/你们),所以句子通常省略主语。
语调与标点:朗读多用降调,句末一般用句号,语气强烈时用感叹号。
祈使句三大核心特征
1. 无主语:默认主语是 you,绝对不用 he/she/they/I/we 作主语
2. 动词用原形:无时态、人称、单复数变化,永远不用ing、ed、三单形式
3. 无助动词 do/does/did(否定句固定用 Don’t 除外)
祈使句四大基础句式
(一)肯定式祈使句:动词原形开头
公式:动词原形 + 其他
例句:Open the door. 开门。(命令)
Sit down. 坐下。
Please help me. 请帮帮我。(请求)
特殊:Be动词开头(形容词/名词前必须用 Be 原形)
Be quiet! 安静!
Be careful! 小心!
(二)否定式祈使句(中考最高频)
通用公式:Don’t + 动词原形 + 其他
例句:Don’t run in the classroom. 不要在教室里奔跑。
Don’t be late for school. 不要上学迟到。
易错点:Be 动词的否定必须用 Don’t be,不能直接 Not be!
(三)Let’s 开头祈使句(表建议)
1. 肯定:Let’s + 动词原形(咱们一起做……)Let’s go home. 咱们回家吧。
2. 否定:Let’s not + 动词原形(咱们别做……)Let’s not watch TV. 咱们别看电视了。
区分:Let me… 让我……(单方请求,无复数含义)
(四)No 开头警示祈使句(标语/警示牌专用)
公式:No + 名词 / 动名词(doing),表“禁止……”
No smoking. 禁止吸烟。No parking. 禁止停车。 No running. 禁止奔跑。
祈使句三大特殊考点
1. please 的用法规则
① 放句首:直接加 please,无逗号 → Please open the window.
② 放句末:前面必须加逗号 → Open the window, please.
③ 否定句同样适用:Don’t shout, please.
2. 强调句式:Do + 动词原形
在句首加 Do,用来加强语气,表“务必、一定”
Do come on time! 一定要准时到!
Do be careful! 务必小心!
3. 祈使句的反意疑问句
① 普通祈使句(命令/劝告):后加 will you?
Open the door, will you? 打开门,好吗?
Don’t run, will you? 别跑,好吗?
② Let’s 开头(建议,包含听话人):后加 shall we?
Let’s play games, shall we? 我们玩游戏吧,好吗?
③ Let me 开头:后加 will you?
三、语音清单
字母组合ou、er、ea、tr和 ts的读音
字母组合
音标发音
发音特点
经典例词
考点备注
ou
/aʊ/
双元音,大口张嘴,读音饱满
house 房子、mouse 老鼠、cloud 云朵、south 南方
最主流发音,考试考查最多
/ə/(非重读音节)
短弱轻音,轻读模糊
teacher 老师、worker 工人、dinner 晚餐、sister 姐妹
动词变名词后缀常用弱读
ea
/iː/
长元音,舌尖抵下齿,嘴角拉开
tea 茶、eat 吃、read 读、clean 干净、please 请
最基础、最常考发音
/e/
短元音,口型半开,短促有力
head 头、bread 面包、heavy 重的、weather 天气
辨音题核心考点,极易混淆
tr
/tr/
清辅音,类似汉字“戳”轻读,气流送出
tree 树、train 火车、trip 旅行、traffic 交通、try 尝试
辅音连缀,永远读清辅音/tr/,无特殊发音
ts
/ts/
清辅音,短促急促,类似“次”轻读
cats 猫、hats 帽子、bats 球拍、students 学生
多用于单词复数、三单结尾,固定发音
四、写作清单
生活方式
1. 话题分析
本单元的话题是“生活方式”,涉及饮食、运动和睡眠等相关内容。
2. 写作内容
①描述自己或他人的生活方式;②写有关生活方式的调查报告;③就提倡健康的生活方式提出建议。
3. 写作要点
①饮食,包含三餐所吃的食物等;
②运动,如运动的项目及频率等;
③睡眠,如睡前的习惯及睡眠的时间等。
4. 写作思路提示
①题材:本文是一篇记叙文;
②时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③提示:根据提示信息介绍自己喜欢的社区,可适当发挥,注意行文连贯,表述完整。
5.写作步骤
[第一步:审题立意]
确定文体:材料作文,时态以一般现在时为主,围绕“春季预防流感、保持健康”展开
明确要点:引出背景(春季流感高发)→ 提出保持健康的建议 → 总结并号召行动
确定人称:第一人称we/us叙事,贴合学生视角
注意事项:不得出现真实校名、地名、人名;词数80左右,要点必须覆盖,可适当发挥,行文连贯。
[第二步:构思布局]
三段式结构:
开头段:引出春季流感高发的背景及保持健康的必要性
主体段:从两个方面介绍应该如何保持健康(运动+饮食)
结尾段:总结好习惯的作用并发出倡议
[第三步:要点展开]
要点一:引出背景与健康的重要性
核心词汇:a season of high flu/ flu season/ to keep healthy/ stay fit/ we should pay more attention to our health/ flu spreads easily in spring等
要点二:给出保持健康的几点建议
核心词汇:exercise regularly/ do sports every day/ run / play basketball half an hour daily/ eat a balanced diet/ eat more vegetables and fruit/ drink enough water/ avoid junk food/ wash hands often/ keep rooms clean/ wear a mask等
要点三:总结并倡议
核心词汇:help us fight the flu/ keep the flu away/ good habits protect our health/ let’s take action/start now/do it together等
6.通用表达
短语
饮食方面
keep a balanced diet 均衡饮食
eat more vegetables and fruit 多吃蔬菜水果
eat less junk food 少吃垃圾食品
drink enough water 喝足够的水
three meals a day 一日三餐
运动方面
do sports every day 每天做运动
take exercise 锻炼身体
go for a walk 散步
play basketball/run/swim 打篮球 / 跑步 / 游泳
keep fit/keep healthy 保持健康
作息习惯
go to bed early and get up early 早睡早起
stay up late 熬夜
have enough sleep 拥有充足睡眠
生活习惯
wash hands often 勤洗手
be in a good mood 保持好心情
relax ourselves 放松自己
be bad for health 对健康有害
万能开头句
It’s very important for us to have a healthy lifestyle.拥有健康的生活方式对我们来说很重要。
Health is the most important in our life.健康是我们生活中最重要的东西。
How can we keep healthy? I have some good advice.我们怎样保持健康?我有一些好建议。
中间主体
First, we should have good eating habits.首先,我们应该养成良好的饮食习惯。
We should eat more fruit and vegetables instead of junk food.我们要多吃蔬果,不吃垃圾食品。
Second, it’s necessary for us to do some exercise every day.其次,每天做运动对我们很有必要。
We can run, swim or play ball games in our free time.空闲时间我们可以跑步、游泳、打球。
Third, we must go to bed early and never stay up late.第三,我们必须早睡,绝不熬夜。
Staying up late is really bad for our body.熬夜对我们的身体危害很大。
万能结尾句
In a word, a healthy lifestyle makes us strong and happy.总之,健康的生活方式让我们强壮又快乐。
Let’s keep a healthy lifestyle from now on.从现在起,让我们保持健康的生活方式。
If we follow these ways, we will be in good health.如果我们做到这些,就会身体健康。
8. 范例作文
How to Keep Healthy
Spring is a peak season for the flu. To keep healthy, we should do some things.
Firstly, exercise regularly. For example, we can run or play basketball for half an hour every day. It makes us strong. Secondly, eat a balanced diet. Remember to eat more vegetables and fruit, and drink enough water. Avoid too much junk food. Besides, we should wash our hands often and open the windows to keep the air fresh.
These small habits can stop the flu virus. Good habits help us fight the flu. Let’s start now!
译文:
如何保持健康
春天是流感的高发季节。为了保持健康,我们应该做好几件事。
首先,坚持规律锻炼。比如,我们可以每天跑步或打篮球半小时。锻炼能让我们身体强壮。其次,保持均衡饮食。记得多吃蔬菜和水果,多喝温水,少吃垃圾食品。除此之外,我们要勤洗手,经常开窗通风,保持空气清新。
这些小习惯能阻挡流感病毒。良好的习惯帮助我们抵御流感。让我们从现在做起!
9. 实战演练
8月8日是“全民健身日”,为了让这项活动深入人心,哈尔滨市英文杂志的“运动与健康”栏目正在以“Let’s Do Exercise Together”为题,向广大中学生征文。请根据以下提示写一篇征文。
内容提示:
1. What sports do teenagers usually do?
2. When and where do teenagers usually do sports?
3. Why is taking exercise important?
写作要求:
1.征文内容必须包含以上内容提示,可适当发挥,使内容充实。
2.不得使用真实姓名和学校名。
3.字迹工整,表达准确,条理清晰。
4.词数:不少于60词 (开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)
Let’s Do Exercise Together
It’s important for us to do exercise.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let’s do exercise and live happily together!
【答案】
例文:
Let’s Do Exercise Together
It’s important for us to do exercise. As students, we have many favorite sports. Some love playing basketball with classmates, while others enjoy jogging in the morning.
Usually, we do sports after school on the playground, or in the community sports center on weekends.
Exercise is more than just fun. It keeps our bodies strong, improves our sleep, and helps us stay focused in class. When we exercise together, we can encourage each other and make friends too.
Let’s do exercise and live happily together!
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步:审题立意]
确定文体:倡议类短文,以一般现在时为主
明确要点:包含三个方面——青少年常做的运动、青少年通常做运动的时间和地点、做运动的重要性
确定人称:第一人称复数(we/us/our)
注意事项:不得使用真实姓名和学校名;开头结尾已给出;词数不少于60;要点齐全;可适当发挥
[第二步:构思布局]
四段式结构:
第一段:承接已给开头,介绍青少年常做的运动
第二段:介绍青少年做运动的时间和地点
第三段:阐述做运动的重要性
第四段:承接已给结尾
[第三步:要点展开]
要点一:常做的运动
运动类型:playing basketball/jogging/swimming/playing football/running等
要点二:运动的时间与地点
时间:after school/on weekends/in the morning/after long hours of study等
地点:on the playground/in the community sports center/in the park等
要点三:运动的重要性
重要性:keeps our bodies strong/improves our sleep/helps us stay focused in class/encourage each other/make friends/reduce stress/build better relationships等
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Unit 7 Ways to be healthy
单词
1. _________/sə'praɪzɪŋ/ adj. 出人意料的;令人吃 惊的;奇怪的
2. _________/tru:θ/ n. 事实;真相;真实
3. _________/'hæbɪt/ n. 习惯;习性
4. _________/'ju:ʒuəl/ adj. 通常的;寻常的
5. _________/helθ/ n. 健康;医疗
6. _________/bɪ'kʌm/ v. 变成;开始变得
7. _________/'ɔːfl/ adj. 可怕的;很坏的
8. _________/pɔ:(r)/ adj. 可怜的;贫穷的
9. _________/'bælənst/ adj. 保持平衡的
10._________/'daɪət/ n. 日常饮食;规定饮食
v. 节食
11. _________/weɪt/ n. 重量;重物;重任
v. 使负重
12. _________/kəʊtʃ/ n. 长沙发;长榻
13._________/ə'raɪv/ v. 到达;送到;发生
14._________/'bædmɪntən/ n. 羽毛球运动
15. _________/'tenɪs/ n. 网球
16._________/rɪ'tref/ v. 使恢复精力;刷新
17._________/'sliːpi/ adj. 困倦的;安静的
18._________/spend/ v. 花(时间);花(钱)
n. 花销;花费
19._________/breɪn/ n.脑;智力;聪明的人
20._________/kɑːm/ v.使平静;使镇静
adj.镇静的;沉着的
21. _________/skri:n/ n.屏幕;荧光屏
22. _________/əˈweɪk/ adj.醒着
v.(使)醒来;唤起
23. _________/ˈbedtaɪm/n.就寝时间
24. _________/dɑːk/ adj.黑暗的;忧郁的
n.黑暗;暗色
25. _________/rɪˈmembə(r)/v.记住;纪念
26. _________/raɪz/ v.起床:上升
n.上升;增加
27._________/ˈwelθi/adj.富有的
28._________/waɪz/ adj.明智的;英明的
29._________/ˈlaɪfstaɪl/ n.生活方式;工作方式
30._________/ˈdaɪəri/ n.日记;记事簿
31._________/bɪld/ v.建筑;建造
32._________/θæŋks/ n.感谢
33._________/ˈefət/n.努力;尽力;成就
34._________/ˈfɪzɪkl/ adj.身体的;物质的
35._________/ɪnˈkluːd/ v.包括;包含
36._________/ˈplenti/ pron.大量;充足
adv.大量;非常
37._________/ˈsɪŋgl/adj.单一的;单身的
38._________/ˈpiːtsə/n.比萨饼
39._________/les/adv.较少;较小
40._________/tʃɔɪs/n.选择;挑选;选择权
41._________/hjuːdʒ/adj.巨大的;极多的
短语
1.______________ 说实话
2.______________和往常一样
3.______________ 每次
4.______________ 醒来
5.______________均衡的饮食
6.______________ 曾经
7.______________ 增加体重;长胖
8.______________ 担心
9.______________整天
10.______________ 散步
11.______________熬夜
12.______________在……上花费时间
13.______________冷静;(使)平静下来
14.______________ 保持清醒
15.______________把……移开;收起
16.______________幸亏;由于
17.______________ 削减
18.______________当然
19.______________大量;充足
20.______________代替;而不是
句型
①Getting enough sleep _____ _____ _____ your health.获得充足的睡眠对你的健康很重要。
②Go to bed_____ _____ _____ _____ every night.每天晚上在同一时间上床睡觉。
③Don't _____ too much time _____ your phone before going to bed.睡觉前不要花太多时间在手机上。④_____ _____ Ben's efforts, he and I exercise every day after school.多亏了本的努力,我和他每天放学后都锻炼身体。
⑤_____ _____ _____ _____ _____,I decided to change my eating habits last night.说实话,昨天晚上我决定改变我的饮食习惯。
⑥Last night, I ate five donuts _____ _____.昨晚,我像往常一样吃了五个甜甜圈。
语法
1. 祈使句
语音
1. 字母组合ou、er、ea、tr和 ts的读音
一、知识点清单
知识点1:That's surprising.(教材P86)
surprising /sə'praɪzɪŋ/ adj. 出人意料的;令人吃惊的;奇怪的
surprised与surprising 两者均为形容词。区别如下:
surprised 意为“感到惊讶的”。其主语通常是人,说明人的感受,常在句中作表语。
be surprised at sth.对某事感到惊讶
be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶
surprising 意为“令人吃惊的”,说明事物本身具有令人吃惊的特征,在句中可作表语或定语。
We are surprised at the surprising news.我们对这个惊人的消息感到惊讶。
We are all surprised at his changes.我们都对他的变化感到惊讶。
It's not surprising that they lost.他们吃了败仗,不奇怪。
知识点2:To tell you the truth,I decided to change my eating habits last night. (教材P86)
truth /truːθ/ n.事实;真相;真实
truth作名词,其常用短语to tell (you) the truth意为“说实话”,一般在句中作插入语,用逗号与其他句子成分隔开。
I won't let you go if you don't tell me the truth.如果你不告诉我真相,我就不让你走。
To tell you the truth, I don't like him at all. 说实话,我一点儿都不喜欢他。
拓展
truth n.真实 true adj.真的;真实的 truthful adj.诚实的;真实的 truly adv.真实地;真诚地
语境串记
Thank you for being truthful with me. To tell you the truth, I feel truly sorry for your true experience. 谢谢你对我坦诚以待。说实话,对于你的真实经历,我真的感到很难过。
habit /'hæbɪt/ n.习惯;习性
habit作可数名词,其复数形式为habits.
有关habit的常用短语
good/ bad habits 好/坏习惯
eating/ living habits 饮食/生活习惯
change a habit 改变习惯
develop a habit 养成习惯
get out of the habit of... 改掉……的习惯
get into the habit of... 养成……的习惯
It is a good habit to do some reading before you go to bed every day.每天睡前阅读是个好习惯。
I' ve got into the habit of reading Tang poems every morning.我养成了每天早上读唐诗的习惯。
知识点3: Last night, I ate five donuts as usual.(教材P86 )
usual /'juːʒuəl/ adj.通常的;寻常的讲as usual意为“和往常一样”,表示一种习惯性动作,常位于句首或句末。
She sat in her usual seat at the back.她坐在后排平时习惯坐的位子上。
Jenny is the first to get to school as usual. 詹妮和往常一样第一个到校。
拓展
usual adj.通常的 unusual adj.不寻常的 usually adv.通常
特别提醒
usual是以辅音音素开头的单词,其前用不定冠词时应用a;unusual是以元音音素开头的单词,其前用不定冠词时应用 an.
a usual day一个寻常的日子
an unusual day一个不寻常的日子
知识点4:You shouldn't eat so many donuts at a time. (教材P86 )
at a time每次
She can sit and read for hours at a time.她可以坐在那里一看书就是几个小时。
She hurried to run up the stairs two at a time.她很匆忙,一步两阶地跑上楼梯。
拓展 与time相关的其他短语/搭配:
at all times总是 at times 有时;间或
at the same time 同时 at one time一次;曾经
on time准时 in time及时
for the first time首次 have a good time玩得开心
知识点5: It' s not good for your health.(教材P86 )
health /helθ/ n.健康;医疗
health作不可数名词,be in good/poor health表示“身体状况好/不好”。
Junk food is bad for your health. 垃圾食品对你的健康有害。
To be in good health, you must sleep enough.要保持身体健康,你必须要有充足的睡眠。
拓展health n.健康
healthy adj.健康的;有益健康的 unhealthy adj.不健康的;对身体有害的
healthily adv.健康地 unhealthily adv.不健康地
语境串记
I want to learn how to eat healthily because eating healthy food is good for our health.我想学习如何吃得健康,因为吃健康的食物对我们的健康有益。
知识点6:In the dream I became a big donut and everyone tried to eat me. It was awful!(教材P86 )
become /bɪ'kʌm/ v.变成;开始变得讲become在此作连系动词,后面可接形容词或名词作表语,多指状态、身份、职位等的变化。
His mother became very angry when she heard the news.他妈妈听到这个消息时变得非常生气。
She became a teacher two years ago.她两年前成为一名老师。
拓展 表示“变得”的连系动词还有get、turn和grow,其中turn多指在颜色和性质等方面变得与原来不同。
The days are getting longer and longer. 白天变得越来越长了。
The leaves turn yellow in autumn.树叶在秋天变黄。
My younger brother is growing tall.我弟弟渐渐长高了。
awful /'ɔːfl/ adj.可怕的;很坏的
awful作形容词,意为“可怕的;很坏的”。
Danny had an awful dream last night. 丹尼昨晚做了一个可怕的梦。
The weather was awful last summer.去年夏天天气很糟糕。
拓展awfully[副词]很,非常
It's awfully cold in the office. Is the heater on?
办公室非常冷。取暖器开了吗?
知识点7: Oh no! Poor Danny! (教材P86)
poor/pɔː(r)/ adj.可怜的;贫穷的
(1)[形容词]可怜的(此处用法)只能用于名词前作定语。
It's hungry—poor little dog.它饿了——可怜的小狗。
(2)[形容词]贫穷的
在句中可作表语或定语。反义词为rich(富有的)。
I saw how poor villagers used to be, and I also see how they have changed over the years.我看到了村民们过去是多么贫穷,也看到了这些年来他们是如何改变的。
语境串记
Although the woman is very poor, she often helps some poor strangers.尽管这位女士很穷,但是她经常帮助一些可怜的陌生人。
知识点8:Then I woke up and decided to have a balanced diet. (教材P86 )
wake up醒来 过去式为woke
wake up在此作不及物动词词组,表示自行醒来。
That baby suddenly woke up and cried.那个婴儿突然醒了,哭了起来。
拓展wake up还可作及物动词词组,意为“唤醒,叫醒”。若宾语为人称代词,人称代词应放在wake与up之间;若宾语为名词,名词既可放在两词之间,也可放在up之后。
I will have a meeting this afternoon. Please wake me up at 2:00 pm.今天下午我要开会。请在下午2点叫醒我。
Mary, it's time to wake up your sister(= wake your sister up).玛丽,是时候叫醒你妹妹了。
balanced /'bælənst/ adj.保持平衡的
balanced是由“balance(n.平衡)+-d(形容词后缀)”构成,既可作定语,又可作表语。
balanced diet均衡的饮食
We should know the importance of a balanced diet.我们应该知道均衡饮食的重要性。(作定语)
Nature is perfectly balanced.大自然是非常平衡的。(作表语)
It's hard to balance on one leg.单腿站立很难
She balanced the cup on her knee.她把杯子在膝盖上放稳。
I lost my balance and fell on my face.我失去平衡,脸着地摔倒了。
You need a good sense of balance to ride a bicycle.骑自行车需要很好的平衡感。(2024苏州中考)
Try to keep a balance between work and play.尽量保持工作和娱乐的平衡。
知识点9:Ben and Tim are good friends. They used to exercise a lot together. (教材P88)
used to do sth.过去常常做某事;曾经做某事
used to do sth.表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。used没有人称和数的变化。其变否定句和疑问句时常借助于助动词did.
I used to get up late in the morning, but now I get up very early.我过去早上常常起得很晚,但现在我起得很早。
I used to live in London.我曾经在伦敦居住过。
—Did you use to run?你过去常常跑步吗?
—Yes,I did.是的,我经常跑。/No,I didn't.不,我不经常跑。
拓展
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
This key is used to open the third door.这把钥匙是用来开第三扇门的。
I am/get used to going for a walk after supper.我习惯于晚饭后散散步。
知识点10: And he is putting on weight. Ben worries about Tim. (教材P88 )
put on weight增加体重;长胖
put on在此表示“增加体重”,它还可意为“穿上;上演”。
I put on a lot of weight. 我体重增加了很多。
Maria, don't forget to put on the sports shoes. You have a P.E. class today.玛丽亚,别忘了穿运动鞋。你今天有体育课。
We'll put on a children's play at the end of this month.我们将在本月底上演一出儿童剧。
拓展 与put相关的其他常见短语:
put out熄灭 put up张贴;举起
put off推迟 put away把……收拾起来
put down写下,记下 put forward提出
weight /weɪt/ n.重量;重物;重任
(1)weight作“重量”讲时,相关短语有:
put on weight增加体重;长胖
lose weight减轻体重;减肥
by weight按重量
the weight of…的重量
in weight在重量方面
over weight超重
She lost a lot of weight when she was ill.她生病时体重减轻了许多。
Bananas are sold by weight.香蕉按重量出售。
(2) weight的其他含义:
[C] 重物:The doctor said he should not lift heavy weights.医生建议他别拿重物。
(单数名词)重任:Finishing the homework is a weightoff my mind.完成家庭作业卸下了我心头的一副重担。
weigh作动词,意为“有……重;称重量”。
The baby elephant weighs 230 pounds. = The weight of the baby elephant is 230 pounds. =The baby elephant is 230 pounds in weight. 这头小象重230磅。
语境串记
Lisa is trying to lose weight. But I think she should put on weight, because she is too thin to bear the weight of a small box. The box only weighs 3 kg. 丽莎正在设法减肥。但是我认为她应该增加体重,因为她太瘦了,以至于承受不了一个小箱子的重量。那个箱子只有3千克重。
worry about担心
worry about的同义短语为be worried about,前者强调动作,后者强调状态。
Don't worry about me. I'm very well. 别担心我,我很好。
I'm worried about the test. 我为这次测验感到担忧。
知识点11:Don' t be a couch potato all day.(教材P88)
all day整天 有时也说all day long,相当于the whole day.
Getting up early makes you active all day.早起让你一整天都很活跃。
拓展有关day的其他常见表达:
day by day一天天,渐渐地 day and night日日夜夜
day after day 日复一日 during the day在白天
知识点12:Tim arrives home from school(教材P88 )
arrive /əˈraɪv/ v.到达;送到;发生
辨析 arrive, get to与reach
①arrive in+大地点名词
②arrive at+小地点名词
③arrive+地点副词(here/ there/ home)
get to+地点名词(若接here/ there/ home等地点副词,则省略to)
reach+地点名词/地点副词
Danny will arrive in/ get to/ reach Beijing next week.丹尼将于下周到达北京。
We should arrive at school on time.我们应该按时到校。
My father arrived/ got/ reached home late last night.昨天晚上我爸爸很晚才回家。
知识点13: He often goes for a walk and plays badminton or tennis with Ben. (教材P88 )
go for a walk散步 相当于take/have a walk.
I usually go for a walk(= take/ have a walk)after supper.我通常晚饭后去散步。
拓展 与go for a walk类似的短语还有:
go for a swim去游泳
go for a picnic去野餐
go for a drive开车兜风
go for a ride去骑车
知识点14:Sleep gives you time to rest and helps you feel refreshed in the morning.(教材P90)
refresh /rɪ'freʃ/ v.使恢复精力;刷新
其形容词形式为 refreshed feel refreshed感觉神清气爽
①refresh v.使恢复精力;消除……的疲劳
A hot bath will refresh you.洗个热水澡可以让你消除疲劳。
②v.刷新(网页等) Click here to refresh this document.
点击此处以刷新文件。
知识点15:When you don't sleep well, you may feel sleepy all day.(教材P90)
sleepy /'sliːpi/ adj.困倦的;安静的
adj.困倦的 feel sleepy感到困倦 The warmth from the fire made her feel sleepy.暖洋洋的炉火使她昏昏欲睡。
adj.安静的 My hometown is a sleepy little town.我的家乡是一个宁静的小城。
辨析sleep、asleep和sleepy
单词
词性
中文含义
核心用法
常用搭配 / 例句
sleep
动词 (v.)
名词 (n.)
睡觉;睡眠
表示睡觉的动作 / 睡眠时间
动词:I sleep at 9 every day.名词:I have a good sleep.
asleep
形容词 (adj.)
睡着的、熟睡的
只能作表语,不能放名词前;强调状态
be asleep 睡着fall asleep 入睡He is asleep.
sleepy
形容词 (adj.)
困倦的、想睡的
可作表语、也可修饰名词;想睡觉还没睡着
feel sleepy 感到困a sleepy boy 犯困的男孩I’m sleepy.
知识点16:Don't spend too much time on your phone before going to bed. (教材P90 )
spend time/money on 在……上花费时间/金钱
Some teenagers spend their free time on voluntary work.一些青少年把他们的空闲时间花在志愿工作上。
Betty spends 20% of her money on food.贝蒂将20%的钱花在食物上。
单词
常用主语
花费内容(宾语)
核心常用句型结构
spend
人
时间 / 金钱
1. sb. spends time/money on sth.
2. sb. spends time/money doing sth.
cost
物 / 事
金钱
sth. costs (sb.) some money某物花了(某人)多少钱
take
it(形式主语)
时间
It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.做某事花费(某人)多长时间
pay
人
金钱
sb. pays some money for sth.某人为某物付钱
语境串记
I like sports. I often spend a lot of time doing sports.I also spend some money on it.I bought a bat last week. It cost me fifty dollars.And I have to pay 5 dollars for the gym time every day.It usually takes me two hours to do sports there.我喜欢体育运动。我经常花狼多时间做运动。我也会在运动方面花一些钱。上周我买了一个球掐,它花了我50 美元,并且我每天去体育馆得花5 美元。我通常会花两个小时在那里做运动。
巧学妙记
cost、pay、take与spend的用法
cost与 pay花金钱, take花的是时间,
既花时间又花钱,还是spend来露面。
知识点17:Your brain needs to calm down.(教材P90)
brain /breɪn/ n. 脑;智力;聪明的人
脑 :Jumping the rope is a kind of full-body exercise and it is great for the brain.跳绳是一种全身运动,对大脑很有好处。
聪明的人:He is one of the best scientific brains in the country.他是国家最优秀的科技人才之一。
智力;脑力: She has a good brain.她很聪颖。It takes a lot of brain to think of something like that! 能想得出那么个主意来是需要费很大脑筋的!
v.使平静;使镇定
calm down冷静;(使)平静下来
The doctor played the music to calm her daughter down.医生播放音乐来使她女儿平静下来。
calm down通常不用于进行时,
We waited inside until everything calmed down.我们在室内等待,直到一切恢复了平静。
拓展calm[形容词]镇静的,沉着的
keep/ stay calm保持镇静
Keep calm and carry on. There's still a long way to go.保持冷静,继续前行。还有很长的路要走。
知识点18:The light from the screen can keep you awake. (教材P90)
awake /ə'weɪk/ adj. 醒着 v.(使)醒来;唤起
[形容词]可作表语或宾语补足语,不可位于名词前作定语。其反义词为asleep“睡着”。
keep sb. awake使某人没有睡意
stay/keep/remain awake保持清醒
She was awake all night. 她彻夜未眠。(作表语)
To keep themselves awake, they sat on the floor and told each other stories. 为了不让自己睡着,他们坐在地板上相互讲故事。(作宾语补足语)
I was still wide awake until two o' clock in the morning.直到凌晨两点我仍然睡意全无。
(1)[动词](使)醒来 在日常用语中,人们经常说wake up,而不说awake.
awake既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词。其过去式为awoke.
Her voice awoke the sleeping child.她的声音惊醒了睡着的小孩。
I awoke from a deep sleep. =I woke up from a deep sleep.我从沉睡中醒来。
(2)[动词]唤起 awake one's attention引起某人的注意
His speech awoke our attention.他的演讲引起了我们的注意。
知识点19:Put your phone away 30 minutes or more before bedtime. (教材P90)
put... away把……移开;收起
put away属于“动词+副词”型短语,如果宾语是代词,代词只能放在put和away的中间;如果宾语是名词,名词放在away前后皆可。
Your school things are on the floor. Please put them away.你的学习用品在地板上。请把它们收拾好。
I always put the toys away (= put away the toys) after playing with them. 我玩过玩具之后总是把它们收起来。
知识点20: Keep your room dark and quiet.(教材P90 )
dark /dɑːk/ adj.黑暗的;忧郁的n.黑暗;暗色
dark的用法:
词性
中文释义
例句
中文翻译
备注
adj. 形容词
黑暗的
It was dark outside and I couldn't see clearly.
外面很黑,我看不清。
形容光线不足
忧郁的、阴沉的
Her dark expression showed how she felt.
她忧郁的表情表明了她的感受。
形容神情、心情低落
深色的、暗色的
dark blue / green / red / brown
深蓝色 / 墨绿色 / 深红色 / 深棕色
反义词:light 浅色的、淡色的
n. 名词
黑暗,暗处
I am afraid of the dark.
我怕黑。
不可数名词
黄昏,傍晚,黑夜
Try to get home before dark.
尽量在天黑前回家。
固定搭配:before/after dark 天黑前 / 天黑后
二、语法点清单
祈使句
祈使句定义
祈使句是用来表达命令、请求、劝告、建议、警告、禁止的句子,日常用于让别人做某事或不做某事。
核心本质:说话对象默认是第二人称 you(你/你们),所以句子通常省略主语。
语调与标点:朗读多用降调,句末一般用句号,语气强烈时用感叹号。
祈使句三大核心特征
1. 无主语:默认主语是 you,绝对不用 he/she/they/I/we 作主语
2. 动词用原形:无时态、人称、单复数变化,永远不用ing、ed、三单形式
3. 无助动词 do/does/did(否定句固定用 Don’t 除外)
祈使句四大基础句式
(一)肯定式祈使句:动词原形开头
公式:动词原形 + 其他
例句:Open the door. 开门。(命令)
Sit down. 坐下。
Please help me. 请帮帮我。(请求)
特殊:Be动词开头(形容词/名词前必须用 Be 原形)
Be quiet! 安静!
Be careful! 小心!
(二)否定式祈使句(中考最高频)
通用公式:Don’t + 动词原形 + 其他
例句:Don’t run in the classroom. 不要在教室里奔跑。
Don’t be late for school. 不要上学迟到。
易错点:Be 动词的否定必须用 Don’t be,不能直接 Not be!
(三)Let’s 开头祈使句(表建议)
1. 肯定:Let’s + 动词原形(咱们一起做……)Let’s go home. 咱们回家吧。
2. 否定:Let’s not + 动词原形(咱们别做……)Let’s not watch TV. 咱们别看电视了。
区分:Let me… 让我……(单方请求,无复数含义)
(四)No 开头警示祈使句(标语/警示牌专用)
公式:No + 名词 / 动名词(doing),表“禁止……”
No smoking. 禁止吸烟。No parking. 禁止停车。 No running. 禁止奔跑。
祈使句三大特殊考点
1. please 的用法规则
① 放句首:直接加 please,无逗号 → Please open the window.
② 放句末:前面必须加逗号 → Open the window, please.
③ 否定句同样适用:Don’t shout, please.
2. 强调句式:Do + 动词原形
在句首加 Do,用来加强语气,表“务必、一定”
Do come on time! 一定要准时到!
Do be careful! 务必小心!
3. 祈使句的反意疑问句
① 普通祈使句(命令/劝告):后加 will you?
Open the door, will you? 打开门,好吗?
Don’t run, will you? 别跑,好吗?
② Let’s 开头(建议,包含听话人):后加 shall we?
Let’s play games, shall we? 我们玩游戏吧,好吗?
③ Let me 开头:后加 will you?
三、语音清单
字母组合ou、er、ea、tr和 ts的读音
字母组合
发音
发音特点
例词
备注
ou
/aʊ/
双元音,大口张嘴,读音饱满
house 房子、mouse 老鼠、cloud 云朵、south 南方
最主流发音,考试考查最多
/ə/(非重读音节)
短弱轻音,轻读模糊
teacher 老师、worker 工人、dinner 晚餐、sister 姐妹
动词变名词后缀常用弱读
ea
/iː/
长元音,舌尖抵下齿,嘴角拉开
tea 茶、eat 吃、read 读、clean 干净、please 请
最基础、最常考发音
/e/
短元音,口型半开,短促有力
head 头、bread 面包、heavy 重的、weather 天气
辨音题核心考点,极易混淆
tr
/tr/
清辅音,类似汉字“戳”轻读,气流送出
tree 树、train 火车、trip 旅行、traffic 交通、try 尝试
辅音连缀,永远读清辅音/tr/,无特殊发音
ts
/ts/
清辅音,短促急促,类似“次”轻读
cats 猫、hats 帽子、bats 球拍、students 学生
多用于单词复数、三单结尾,固定发音
四、写作清单
生活方式
1. 话题分析
本单元的话题是“生活方式”,涉及饮食、运动和睡眠等相关内容。
2. 写作内容
①描述自己或他人的生活方式;②写有关生活方式的调查报告;③就提倡健康的生活方式提出建议。
3. 写作要点
①饮食,包含三餐所吃的食物等;
②运动,如运动的项目及频率等;
③睡眠,如睡前的习惯及睡眠的时间等。
4. 写作思路提示
①题材:本文是一篇记叙文;
②时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③提示:根据提示信息介绍自己喜欢的社区,可适当发挥,注意行文连贯,表述完整。
5.写作步骤
[第一步:审题立意]
确定文体:材料作文,时态以一般现在时为主,围绕“春季预防流感、保持健康”展开
明确要点:引出背景(春季流感高发)→ 提出保持健康的建议 → 总结并号召行动
确定人称:第一人称we/us叙事,贴合学生视角
注意事项:不得出现真实校名、地名、人名;词数80左右,要点必须覆盖,可适当发挥,行文连贯。
[第二步:构思布局]
三段式结构:
开头段:引出春季流感高发的背景及保持健康的必要性
主体段:从两个方面介绍应该如何保持健康(运动+饮食)
结尾段:总结好习惯的作用并发出倡议
[第三步:要点展开]
要点一:引出背景与健康的重要性
核心词汇:a season of high flu/ flu season/ to keep healthy/ stay fit/ we should pay more attention to our health/ flu spreads easily in spring等
要点二:给出保持健康的几点建议
核心词汇:exercise regularly/ do sports every day/ run / play basketball half an hour daily/ eat a balanced diet/ eat more vegetables and fruit/ drink enough water/ avoid junk food/ wash hands often/ keep rooms clean/ wear a mask等
要点三:总结并倡议
核心词汇:help us fight the flu/ keep the flu away/ good habits protect our health/ let’s take action/start now/do it together等
6.通用表达
短语
饮食方面
keep a balanced diet 均衡饮食
eat more vegetables and fruit 多吃蔬菜水果
eat less junk food 少吃垃圾食品
drink enough water 喝足够的水
three meals a day 一日三餐
运动方面
do sports every day 每天做运动
take exercise 锻炼身体
go for a walk 散步
play basketball/run/swim 打篮球 / 跑步 / 游泳
keep fit/keep healthy 保持健康
作息习惯
go to bed early and get up early 早睡早起
stay up late 熬夜
have enough sleep 拥有充足睡眠
生活习惯
wash hands often 勤洗手
be in a good mood 保持好心情
relax ourselves 放松自己
be bad for health 对健康有害
万能开头句
It’s very important for us to have a healthy lifestyle.拥有健康的生活方式对我们来说很重要。
Health is the most important in our life.健康是我们生活中最重要的东西。
How can we keep healthy? I have some good advice.我们怎样保持健康?我有一些好建议。
中间主体
First, we should have good eating habits.首先,我们应该养成良好的饮食习惯。
We should eat more fruit and vegetables instead of junk food.我们要多吃蔬果,不吃垃圾食品。
Second, it’s necessary for us to do some exercise every day.其次,每天做运动对我们很有必要。
We can run, swim or play ball games in our free time.空闲时间我们可以跑步、游泳、打球。
Third, we must go to bed early and never stay up late.第三,我们必须早睡,绝不熬夜。
Staying up late is really bad for our body.熬夜对我们的身体危害很大。
万能结尾句
In a word, a healthy lifestyle makes us strong and happy.总之,健康的生活方式让我们强壮又快乐。
Let’s keep a healthy lifestyle from now on.从现在起,让我们保持健康的生活方式。
If we follow these ways, we will be in good health.如果我们做到这些,就会身体健康。
8. 范例作文
How to Keep Healthy
Spring is a peak season for the flu. To keep healthy, we should do some things.
Firstly, exercise regularly. For example, we can run or play basketball for half an hour every day. It makes us strong. Secondly, eat a balanced diet. Remember to eat more vegetables and fruit, and drink enough water. Avoid too much junk food. Besides, we should wash our hands often and open the windows to keep the air fresh.
These small habits can stop the flu virus. Good habits help us fight the flu. Let’s start now!
译文:
如何保持健康
春天是流感的高发季节。为了保持健康,我们应该做好几件事。
首先,坚持规律锻炼。比如,我们可以每天跑步或打篮球半小时。锻炼能让我们身体强壮。其次,保持均衡饮食。记得多吃蔬菜和水果,多喝温水,少吃垃圾食品。除此之外,我们要勤洗手,经常开窗通风,保持空气清新。
这些小习惯能阻挡流感病毒。良好的习惯帮助我们抵御流感。让我们从现在做起!
9. 实战演练
8月8日是“全民健身日”,为了让这项活动深入人心,哈尔滨市英文杂志的“运动与健康”栏目正在以“Let’s Do Exercise Together”为题,向广大中学生征文。请根据以下提示写一篇征文。
内容提示:
1. What sports do teenagers usually do?
2. When and where do teenagers usually do sports?
3. Why is taking exercise important?
写作要求:
1.征文内容必须包含以上内容提示,可适当发挥,使内容充实。
2.不得使用真实姓名和学校名。
3.字迹工整,表达准确,条理清晰。
4.词数:不少于60词 (开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)
Let’s Do Exercise Together
It’s important for us to do exercise.
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Let’s do exercise and live happily together!
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