Unit 8 Section A 4a-4c 课件 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Section A (4a-4c) Made by Qianmo-studio Making a difference Unit 8 1 plan for……的计划/打算 the elderly 老年人 care for 照顾、照料 share sth with sb 和……分享 would love/like to do sth 想要做某事 come along 赶快；跟着来 What are your plans for the summer vacation? I've been a volunteer there since last year. It's important to care for the elderly. It's fun to volunteer together. Review 1. To review the basic structure and usage of the present perfect tense. 2. To master the differences between for and since in present perfect tense. 3. To understand the use of durative verbs with for/since, and learn to convert non-durative verbs to durative ones. Learning objectives Interviewer: How long have you been a volunteer with this football organization? Volunteer 1: Oh, I’ve been a volunteer since last year. Interviewer: How long have you been a volunteer at the museum? Volunteer 2: Well, I’ve only been a guide here for two weeks. Interviewer: Have you been a volunteer with the beach clean-up organization for long? Volunteer 3: Yes, for about seven years. Ella: Hi, Teng Fei. What are your plans for the summer holidays? Teng Fei: I think I’ll do some volunteer work at a nursing home with my youth group. I’ve been a volunteer there since last year. 现在完成时表示一个动作或状态从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，并有可能持续下去。 常和“since” 或 “for” 连用。 Read the sentences. How are for and since used differently? Have you been to our animal shelter before? No, I haven’t. But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time. Has she ever done volunteer work? Yes, she has. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August. How long have you been a volunteer? I have been a volunteer here for a few months. How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum? He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started. for + 时间段 since + 时间点 4a Presentation But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August. since后面接时间点，强调动作或状态的开始时间。 for后面接时间段，强调动作或状态的持续时间。 如何区分时间段和时间点呢？ 试着说说哪些是时间点，哪些是时间段吧！ 5:30 five years three minutes 2015 May 5 two months 时间点 时间点 时间段 时间点 时间段 时间段 时间点指的是具体的时间，比如1点、4月7日、2026年12月； 时间段指的是一段时间内，比如说三点到四点，中间这一个小时就是一段时间。 Have you been to our animal shelter before? No, I haven’t. But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time. Has she ever done volunteer work? Yes, she has. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August. How long have you been a volunteer? I have been a volunteer here for a few months. How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum? He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started. 观察句中动词，你能发现什么？ 这些动词都是延续性动词。 延续性动词与非延续性动词  延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延 续下去或产生持久影响，如learn, work, live, know, walk等。 非延续性动词也叫终止性动词、瞬间动词等，表示 不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后即刻停止，如 open, close, die, begin, come, go, borrow等。 延续性动词可以在现在完成时中与表示一段时间的状 语连用，如“for+一段时间”“since+过去的时间点” “since 引导的时间状语从句（一般过去时）”或 “since +一段时间+ago”等。 用 法 ◆ My sister has kept these postcards since she was five. 我妹妹从五岁起就留着这些明信片了。 Presentation 非延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，说明某个动作的结果还存在，但在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 The old man has moved to India for two years. The old man has moved to India. 在否定句中，非延续性动词可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。 I haven’t heard from my friend for three days. 我已经三天没有收到朋友的消息了。 Presentation 非延续性动词（短语）与延续性动词（短语）的转换 ①直接转换成对应的延续性动词（短语）。 buy → have borrow → keep put on → wear become → be catch a cold → have a cold 一个星期前他成了动物收容所的一名志愿者。 He became a volunteer at an animal shelter a week ago. He has been a volunteer at an animal shelter for a week. Presentation ②转换成“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词等”。 林先生到澳大利亚已经十天了。 Mr Lin arrived in Australia ten days ago. Mr Lin has been in Australia for ten days. 非延续性动词 对应的延续性表达 非延续性动词 对应的延续性表达 begin/start have/has been on marry have/has been married finish/stop have/has been over die have/has been dead come/go/arrive have/has been in/at leave have/has been away join have/has been in have/has been a member of borrow have/has kept Presentation 用括号内所给内容的适当形式填空。 1. The film ___________ (be) popular with the public since it ___________ (come) out. 2. Tony ___________ (have) the bike for two years. His father ___________ (buy) it for his ninth birthday. 3. Linda ___________ (borrow) the book from the library and she ___________ (keep) it for three days. 4. We ___________ (know) each other since we were in middle school, and we’re still best friends. 5. Lucy ___________ (not see) her aunt for months. She ___________ (miss) her so much and wants to visit her this weekend. has been came has had bought borrowed has kept have known hasn’t seen misses Practice Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets and for or since. 1. This college student enjoys volunteering for the army. She_____ ________(teach) English to the soldiers_____three years. 2. I__________(be) a member of the Red Cross for six years. I have made a lot of friends __________I joined the organization. 3. Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a volunteer ________ two years now. __________he started working there, he __________(help) many students. 4. The organization___________(train) over 6,000 volunteers __________it began to offer classes three years ago. has for have been since for Since has helped has trained since taught 4b Practice I love being a volunteer! I____________(work) with a sports organization for almost three years now. Since I started,I ____________ (help) out at over ten different sports events. I ____________(make) many new friends and I ______ even _________ (meet) many famous athletes. For example, I _________(meet) two national football players from Argentina last month. They were at a stadium for a charity match. The stadium _______(be) so big that they_______ (get) lost. I gave them directions and they________(smile)and________(thank) me warmly. I am proud to be a volunteer. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. have worked have helped have made have met met 4c was got smiled thanked help out 分担工作；帮忙做 例如 get lost 迷路 be proud to do sth 为做……感到骄傲/自豪 Practice Work in groups. Interview your groupmates using the questions below. Share the answers with the class. How long have you known your best friend/...? had your favourite toy/...? lived in your neighbourhood/...? 4d Practice 1. ... I have helped out at over ten different sports events. help out sb (with sth) 帮助某人摆脱困境 ◆ There are plenty of robots helping out in the factory. 工厂里有大量机器人在帮忙。 ◆ Could you help me out with this heavy box? 你能帮我搬一下这个重箱子吗？ Language points 2. ... so big that they got lost. so... that 如此……以至于 ◆ It’s raining so heavily that I can’t see clearly on the roads. 雨太大了，我看不清路况。 so that 以便；为了 引导目的状语从句。 ◆ He has to shout so that we could hear him. 为了让我们听清楚，他必须大声喊。 Language points 非延续性动词(瞬间动作) 延续性动词(持续状态) arrive/come be here/be in begin/start be on marry be married break be broken fall asleep be asleep leave be away 现在完成时表示一个动作或状态从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，并有可能持续下去。 Summary 过去分词变化规则 过去动作对现在的影响 过去持续到现在的动作 have\has +过去分词 用法 与一般过去时的区别 have been to 与have gone to的区别 构成 句型结构 标志词: already、yet、just、ever、never 标志词 现在完成时 for + 时间段 since + 时间点\时间段\从句 so far \ before in\during + 过去时间段 规则变化：ed \d \辅+y变ied \双写+ed 不规则变化：AAA\ ABB \ABC 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他. 否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他. 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？ have been to：到过某地，人已回 have gone to：去了某地，人未回 一般过去时：只表示过去的动作或状态，与现在无关 现在完成时：过去动作对现在造成的影响或结果 Summary 一、单项填空 1.—Maria, what do you think of Wugong Mountain? —Very cool. I ______ there once. A. has been B. have gone C. have been D. has gone 2. Linda ______ the knowledge about nature and science for over ten years! A. collect B. collects C. is collecting D. has collected 3. I haven't seen Ana for a long time, as she ______ Shanghai on business. A. went to B. has gone to C. has been to D. has been in 4. —How long has she ______ the science book? I want to borrow it. —For nearly three weeks. I think she might have finished reading it. had B. buy C. bought D. borrowed 5. Many international students ______ to visit our school since last year. A. are coming B. have come C. came D. will come C D B A B Exercises 二、阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 Guo is a Chinese man. He 1. ________ (live) in France for 12 years. In 2022, he began selling Shanxi daoxiaomian there. Guo 2. ______ (share) some videos of his shop online, and the shop quickly became popular. So far, he 3. ________ (have) millions of fans around the world. At first, Guo 4. ________ (worry) French people didn’t like the noodles. However, they accepted the food gladly. “Many have added our noodles to their daily diet,” Guo said. “Food 5. ________ (know) no borders.” Since the noodle shop 6. _______ (open), Guo has hosted many French people who are interested in China. Guo often shares his knowledge of China with them. He hopes more foreigners can know about China. has lived shared has had worried knows opened Exercises Recite the grammar focus. Do some related exercises. Homework Homework $