Unit 6 Famous people in history 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语新教材沪教版五四制六年级下册

Unit 6 Famous people in history 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：40分钟，满分：80分） 一、根据汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分10分 1．My father ________ (告诉) me the story of Yue Fei when I was a little child. 2．Many famous people in history are very ________ (勇敢的) and never give up their dreams. 3．His ________ (发明) made it easier for people to communicate with each other far away. 4．The ________ (学者) from different countries get together to study ancient history. 5．The great musician ________ (创作) many wonderful pieces of music in his life. 6．This ________ (历史的) building was built by a famous architect hundreds of years ago. 7．We can learn a lot of ________ (智慧) from the books written by famous people. 8．The famous ________ (诗人) wrote a lot of beautiful poems about the beauty of nature. 9．He ________ (花费) all his life studying math and made great progress in this field. 10．Let’s ________ (记住) the famous people in history who made our lives better. 二、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分10分 1．Traditional Chinese m________ is very popular in the world now. 2．He is a world c________ and he wants to make the world a better place. 3．What’s the w________ of this box? It’s so heavy. 4．The i________ of the computer changed the world greatly. 5．She is a c________ girl and she can make many beautiful things. 6．The g________ keeps us on the earth. 7．Newton discovered the t________ of gravity. 8．Yuan Longping is a great s________ who helped people have more rice. 9．A s________ student is not afraid to ask for help when he or she meets difficulties in the studies. 10．The main c________ in the story is very brave. 三、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分10分 1．This stamp ________ (mark) the 100th birthday of a great scientist. 2．My grandfather is a great story ________ (tell). He knows many folk tales. 3．I am ________ sorry, but I have got something else on. (real) 4．The brave ________  (soldier)  received a medal for their heroic actions in the war. 5．The (publish) ________ of Darwin’s book caused great discussion. 6．Tom ________ (weigh) 48 kilograms last year, but now he is a little heavier. 7．Lu Xun’s books are very ________ (meaning) and we can learn a lot from them. 8．She is a ________ (science) and she studies hard every day. 9．Newton ________ (discover) the law of gravity and it’s very important. 10．We should learn ________ (history) well. 四、单项选择，每小题1分，满分15分 1．There ________ a very interesting talk show about Chinese history at seven tonight. A．is going to be B．will have C．will D．is going to 2．There ________ a football match in our school next week. A．will have B．is C．will be D．has 3．We hope there ________ a war in the world. Everyone can live a happy life. A．will not have B．will be not C．is not going to be D．isn’t going to have 4．—Were there any shopping centres in the past? —No, there ________. A．wasn’t B．isn’t C．weren’t D．aren’t 5．—Will there ________ a football match on CCTV-5 this evening?   —Yes. There ________ usually football matches on Sunday evenings. A．be; are B．be; will be C．are; are D．have; have 6．—________ a post office near here? —Yes, ________ next to the supermarket. A．Is there; there’s B．Are there; there’re C．Is there; it’s D．Are there; they’re 7．—Was there a park in the city five years ago? —No, ________. A．there isn’t B．there aren’t C．there was D．there wasn’t 8．—There ________ a basketball game in our school tomorrow. —That’s great A．is B．is going to be C．is going to have D．will have 9．We picked up all the rubbish just now, so there ________ any left. A．is B．isn’t C．are D．aren’t 10．—Why are you in such a hurry? —There ________ a Robot Show in ten minutes. A．will have B．will be C．is going to have D．are going to be 11．—Hey, do you know what’s going to happen in our school next Friday? —Of course! There ________ a sports meeting in our playground. A．is going to have B．will have C．is going to be D．will be have 12．— May I use your sister’s computer, Sam? There ________ one in the office. — Yes, please. A．aren’t B．are C．is D．isn’t 13．—Look! The photo is fun! —Yes. ________ a dog and two cats in the photo. A．There is B．There are C．There has D．There have 14．—There ________ an English speaking competition next week. —I want to ________ it to improve my English! A．will have; compete in B．is going to have; compete C．is going to be; compete in D．will be; compete 15．—Is there a garden in your school? —________. A．Yes, it is B．No, it isn’t C．Yes, there is D．No, there aren’t 五、完成句子，每小题1分，满分15分 1．There is something interesting in today’s newspaper. （改为一般疑问句） ________________ in today’s newspaper? 2．is, this, change, inventor, world, an, who, the, can (.)（连词成句） ________________________________________________ 3．There is a stamp collection on the desk. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ on the desk? 4．Yuan Longping is famous for hybrid rice.（改为同义句） Yuan Longping is ________ ________ his hybrid rice. 5．There are some herbs in the garden.（改为否定句） There ________ ________ herbs in the garden. 6．This famous scientist has won many awards.（改为一般疑问句） ________ this famous scientist ________ many awards? 7．爱迪生发明了许多东西，他是一位伟大的发明家。 Edison ________ many things and he was a great ________. 8．the, weigh, every, used, to, scientist, samples, day, the (连词成句) _____________________________________________________________________ 9．This famous painter created over 500 artworks in his lifetime. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ artworks did this famous painter create in his lifetime? 10．We have recorded many important historical events in this book. (改为被动语态) Many important historical events ________ ________ recorded in this book. 11．The scientist spent thirty years completing his research. (保持句意基本不变) It ________ the scientist thirty years ________ complete his research. 12．There is a famous statue of this great leader in the square. (改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ a famous statue of this great leader in the square? 13．She often helps her mother with housework. (改为否定句) She ________ often ________ her mother with housework. 14．The book is very interesting. (改为同义句) It is ________ ________ interesting book. 15．Lu Xun wrote many great books. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ many great books? 六、语法选择，每小题1分，满分20分 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在各小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Here is a nice story about Kuang Heng. When he is young, his family is very poor. He has to do a lot of 1 in the day time. Kuang Heng is really 2 in reading. But he has no money to buy books. What can he do? In his town, there is 3 rich man. The man has many books, but never reads 4 . Kuang tries to work 5 the man for free. The man asks him why. Kuang says he only wants to read the rich 6 books. The man is moved and lets him 7 all the books. However, there is another problem for him. He doesn’t have any candles (蜡烛) 8 he can’t read books at night. One day, he finds the light in the neighbor’s (邻居的) home can help 9 to read. So, he chisels (凿) a crack (缝隙) in the wall to read books with the light next door. Kuang Heng studies really 10 every day. As time goes by, Kuang Heng becomes a great officer (官员) in his country. His story tells us that we can think of ways to work out our problems. 1．A．work B．works C．working 2．A．interest B．interested C．interesting 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．they B．their C．them 5．A．for B．at C．about 6．A．man B．men C．man’s 7．A．read B．to read C．reads 8．A．but B．so C．or 9．A．he B．his C．him 10．A．easily B．hard C．good Charles Dickens is a famous American writer. 1 the 1810s, he was born in Portsmouth, England. Dickens 2 like playing with other boys when he was young. He 3 a lot of books in his free time. He began to work at a factory at the age of 12. It took him 10 hours 4 money by washing bottles and polishing (擦亮) shoes every day. 5 Dickens was 16, he became a reporter (记者) for a newspaper. In 1836, Dickens wrote his first book The Pickwick Papers. One year later, the book came out and made Dickens rich and famous. Most of Dickens’ 6 are about the life in Victorian England. Children at that time usually had to work in the factory at 7 young age. He wrote a lot of sad stories, 8 they are always humorous (幽默的). And most of his books have 9 endings, like A Christmas Carol. It is about a selfish (自私的) man. He finds love and friendship after looking back on 10 life on Christmas Eve. He lived happily and gained (收获) happiness at last. 1．A．On B．At C．In 2．A．doesn’t B．wasn’t C．didn’t 3．A．reads B．is reading C．read 4．A．make B．to make C．makes 5．A．After B．When C．Before 6．A．work’s B．works C．work 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．so B．but C．and 9．A．happily B．happiness C．happy 10．A．he B．him C．his 2 / 16 1 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Famous people in history 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：40分钟，满分：80分） 一、根据汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分10分 1．My father ________ (告诉) me the story of Yue Fei when I was a little child. 【答案】told 【详解】句意：当我还是小孩子的时候，父亲给我讲了岳飞的故事。tell“告诉”，时间状语“when I was a little child”说明动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式told。 2．Many famous people in history are very ________ (勇敢的) and never give up their dreams. 【答案】brave 【详解】句意：历史上许多著名人物都非常勇敢，从不放弃自己的梦想。brave“勇敢的”，在句中作表语。 3．His ________ (发明) made it easier for people to communicate with each other far away. 【答案】invention 【详解】句意：他的发明使人们远距离相互交流变得更加容易。invent“发明”，动词，根据汉语提示可知，此处应用名词，invent的名词形式为invention。故填invention。 4．The ________ (学者) from different countries get together to study ancient history. 【答案】scholars 【详解】句意：来自不同国家的学者聚在一起研究古代历史。scholar“学者”，表示来自不同国家的学者应用复数形式scholars。 5．The great musician ________ (创作) many wonderful pieces of music in his life. 【答案】created 【详解】句意：这位伟大的音乐家一生创作了许多美妙的音乐作品。create“创作”。句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，create的过去式为created。 6．This ________ (历史的) building was built by a famous architect hundreds of years ago. 【答案】historical 【详解】句意：这座历史建筑是由一位著名建筑师在几百年前建造的。此处需要形容词修饰名词building，“历史的”对应的英文单词是historical。 7．We can learn a lot of ________ (智慧) from the books written by famous people. 【答案】wisdom 【详解】句意：我们可以从名人写的书中学习到很多智慧。根据中文提示可知，“智慧”对应的英文是wisdom，是名词，此处作learn的宾语。 8．The famous ________ (诗人) wrote a lot of beautiful poems about the beauty of nature. 【答案】poet 【详解】句意：这位著名的诗人写了很多关于自然之美的优美诗篇。“诗人”对应的英文单词是poet，此处用单数形式与定冠词The呼应。 9．He ________ (花费) all his life studying math and made great progress in this field. 【答案】spent 【详解】句意：他毕生致力于数学研究，并在该领域取得了巨大进展。spend“花费”；“and made”说明时态为一般过去时，用过去式spent。 10．Let’s ________ (记住) the famous people in history who made our lives better. 【答案】remember 【详解】句意：让我们记住历史上那些让我们生活变得更美好的名人。本句是Let’s开头的祈使句，Let’s后必须接动词原形；“记住”对应的英语单词为remember，不需要变化词形。 二、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分10分 1．Traditional Chinese m________ is very popular in the world now. 【答案】medicine/edicine 【详解】句意：现在传统中医在世界上非常受欢迎。根据语句及首字母 “m” 的提示可知，此空的含义为 “医学、药物”，英文翻译为 “medicine”，名词，Traditional Chinese medicine 为固定短语，意为 “传统中医”。 2．He is a world c________ and he wants to make the world a better place. 【答案】changer/hanger 【详解】句意：他是一位世界改变者，希望让世界变得更美好。根据“he wants to make the world a better place”和首字母c提示，此处需要表示“改变者”的名词，changer意为“改变者”，a world changer意为“改变世界的人”。 3．What’s the w________ of this box? It’s so heavy. 【答案】weight/eight 【详解】句意：这个盒子多重？它太重了。根据句意和首字母w提示，此处需要表示“重量”的名词，weight意为“重量”。 4．The i________ of the computer changed the world greatly. 【答案】invention/nvention 【详解】句意：计算机的发明极大地改变了世界。根据“of the computer changed the world greatly”和首字母可知，此处表示计算机是一项发明，invention“发明”符合语境。故填invention。 5．She is a c________ girl and she can make many beautiful things. 【答案】creative/reative 【详解】句意：她是一个有创造力的女孩，能做出许多漂亮的东西。根据句意和首字母c提示，此处需要表示“有创造力的”形容词，creative意为“有创造力的”。 6．The g________ keeps us on the earth. 【答案】gravity/ravity 【详解】句意：重力使我们停留在地球上。根据“keeps us on the earth”和首字母g提示，可以让我们停留在地球上是“重力”的作用，gravity意为“重力”，不可数名词。 7．Newton discovered the t________ of gravity. 【答案】theory/heory 【详解】句意：牛顿发现了引力理论。根据“of gravity”和首字母可知，此处表示科学理论，theory“理论”符合语境。故填theory。 8．Yuan Longping is a great s________ who helped people have more rice. 【答案】scientist/cientist 【详解】句意：袁隆平是一位伟大的科学家，他帮助人们拥有更多的大米。根据首字母及“who helped people have more rice”提示，“科学家”为名词scientist，作表语。 9．A s________ student is not afraid to ask for help when he or she meets difficulties in the studies. 【答案】(s)mart 【详解】句意：一个聪明的学生在学习中遇到困难时，不会害怕寻求帮助。根据“not afraid to ask for help when he or she meets difficulties in the studies.”可知，遇到学习困难时不害怕求助的学生是聪慧的；根据首字母提示可知，空格处需填写smart“聪明的”，为形容词作定语修饰student。故填(s)mart。 10．The main c________ in the story is very brave. 【答案】(c)haracter 【详解】句意：故事中的主角非常勇敢。根据“in the story”和首字母可推断此处指故事中的角色。character“角色”，单数名词。根据“is”可知此处用单数。故填(c)haracter。 三、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分10分 1．This stamp ________ (mark) the 100th birthday of a great scientist. 【答案】marks 【详解】句意：这枚邮票是为了纪念一位伟大科学家的100周年诞辰。mark意为“纪念；标志”，是动词。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语This stamp为第三人称单数，所以填marks。 2．My grandfather is a great story ________ (tell). He knows many folk tales. 【答案】teller 【详解】句意：我的祖父是个很会讲故事的人。他知道很多民间故事。由“He knows many folk tales.”可知，此处表示很会讲故事的人；不定冠词a后面需要接可数名词单数。tell的名词形式为teller，意为“讲述者”，符合句意。 3．I am ________ sorry, but I have got something else on. (real) 【答案】really 【详解】句意：我真的很抱歉，但是我刚好另有事情要忙。句中空格修饰形容词“sorry”，需要用副词作程度状语，形容词real变为副词直接在词尾加-ly，really意为“真正地；非常”。 4．The brave ________  (soldier)  received a medal for their heroic actions in the war. 【答案】soldiers 【详解】句意：勇敢的士兵们因在战争中的英勇表现获得了勋章。形容词brave后接名词，后面的their提示主语使用复数形式soldiers。 5．The (publish) ________ of Darwin’s book caused great discussion. 【答案】publication 【详解】句意：达尔文著作的出版引起了巨大的讨论。括号内给出的词是“publish”。根据句子结构，空格前有定冠词“The”，空格后有介词“of”，此处需要填入一个名词来作句子的主语。publish的名词形式是“publication”。故填publication。 6．Tom ________ (weigh) 48 kilograms last year, but now he is a little heavier. 【答案】weighed 【详解】句意：汤姆去年重 48 公斤，但现在他重了一点。句中last year是明确的过去时间状语，提示句子描述的是过去发生的动作，因此谓语动词需要使用一般过去时。动词 weigh的过去式是weighed。 7．Lu Xun’s books are very ________ (meaning) and we can learn a lot from them. 【答案】meaningful 【详解】句意：鲁迅的书非常有意义，我们能从中学到很多。meaning意为“意义”，是名词。此处为系表结构，应用形容词作表语，表示“有意义的”。故填meaningful。 8．She is a ________ (science) and she studies hard every day. 【答案】scientist 【详解】句意：她是一名科学家，每天努力学习。根据句意和所给词science提示，此处需要表示“科学家”的名词，science意为‘科学’，由所给词science派生出表示‘科学家’的人名词scientist。 9．Newton ________ (discover) the law of gravity and it’s very important. 【答案】discovered 【详解】句意：牛顿发现了万有引力定律，这非常重要。discover意为“发现”，是动词。动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，其过去式是discovered。 10．We should learn ________ (history) well. 【答案】history 【详解】句意：我们应该学好历史。括号里给的history本身就是名词，learn history表示“学习历史”，直接用原形就可以。 四、单项选择，每小题1分，满分15分 1．There ________ a very interesting talk show about Chinese history at seven tonight. A．is going to be B．will have C．will D．is going to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：今晚七点将有一个关于中国历史的非常有趣的脱口秀节目。 根据“at seven tonight”可知，句子时态是一般将来时，there be句型的一般将来时结构是“there will be/there is（或are） going to be”；主语“a very interesting talk show”是单数，be动词用is，所以应是is going to be。 2．There ________ a football match in our school next week. A．will have B．is C．will be D．has 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下周在我们学校将有一场足球比赛。 此句为there be句型，表示“存在”，不能与have/has连用；根据时间状语“next week” 可知，句子要用一般将来时，结构为there will be。空处填will be。 3．We hope there ________ a war in the world. Everyone can live a happy life. A．will not have B．will be not C．is not going to be D．isn’t going to have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们希望世界上将不会有战争。每个人都能过上幸福的生活。 will not have不会有；will be not错误结构；is not going to be将不会是；isn’t going to have错误结构。there be结构不能与have同时使用，排除A，D；will的否定形式为will not，应放在be动词前，B选项语序错误；be going to结构的否定形式是在be动词后加not，即is not going to be，符合语法。 4．—Were there any shopping centres in the past? —No, there ________. A．wasn’t B．isn’t C．weren’t D．aren’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——过去有购物中心吗？——不，没有 根据问句“Were there any shopping centres in the past?”可知，时态为一般过去时，且主语shopping centres为复数，否定回答应用weren’t。 5．—Will there ________ a football match on CCTV-5 this evening?   —Yes. There ________ usually football matches on Sunday evenings. A．be; are B．be; will be C．are; are D．have; have 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——今天晚上中央五频道将会有足球比赛吗？——是的。星期天晚上通常有足球比赛。 第一句，Will后接动词原形；第二句，根据“usually”可知，时态为一般现在时，此句为there be句型，be 动词用are，应填be； are。 6．—________ a post office near here? —Yes, ________ next to the supermarket. A．Is there; there’s B．Are there; there’re C．Is there; it’s D．Are there; they’re 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这附近有邮局吗？——是的，在超市旁边有一个。 考查there be句型。第一空，“a post office”是单数名词，所以there be句型的一般疑问句要用“Is there”，排除B、D选项。第二空，回答“有邮局在超市旁边”时，用“it’s”来指代前面提到的“a post office”。故选C。 7．—Was there a park in the city five years ago? —No, ________. A．there isn’t B．there aren’t C．there was D．there wasn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——五年前这个城市有公园吗？——不，没有。 考查there be句型的时态。问句“Was there...”是一般过去时，答句需保持时态一致，且根据“No”可知是否定回答。故选D。 8．—There ________ a basketball game in our school tomorrow. —That’s great A．is B．is going to be C．is going to have D．will have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——明天我们学校将有一场篮球比赛。——太棒了。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“tomorrow”可知，句子时态是一般将来时，there be句型的一般将来时结构是“there is/are going to be”或“there will be”，不能与have连用，且主语“a basketball game”是单数，be动词用is。故选B。 9．We picked up all the rubbish just now, so there ________ any left. A．is B．isn’t C．are D．aren’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们刚刚捡起了所有的垃圾，所以没有剩下任何垃圾。 考查there be句型的否定形式。根据前半句“picked up all the rubbish”（捡起所有的垃圾）可知，垃圾已被捡完，因此“没有剩下任何垃圾”。rubbish为不可数名词，be动词应用is；否定形式为isn’t。故选B。 10．—Why are you in such a hurry? —There ________ a Robot Show in ten minutes. A．will have B．will be C．is going to have D．are going to be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你为什么这么匆忙？—— 十分钟后将有一场机器人展览。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。there be句型表示“有”，其一般将来时为there will be或there is/are going to be。选项A和C为错误结构；根据“a Robot Show”为单数，D项“are going to be”主谓不一致。因此正确选项为B（will be）。故选B。 11．—Hey, do you know what’s going to happen in our school next Friday? —Of course! There ________ a sports meeting in our playground. A．is going to have B．will have C．is going to be D．will be have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嘿，你知道下周五我们学校会发生什么吗？——当然！我们操场将有一场运动会。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“next Friday”可知，应用there be句型的一般将来时，其一般将来时结构为“There is going to be”或“There will be”。故选C。 12．— May I use your sister’s computer, Sam? There ________ one in the office. — Yes, please. A．aren’t B．are C．is D．isn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Sam，我可以用你姐姐的电脑吗？——办公室里没有电脑。 考查there be句型的否定形式。根据答句“Yes, please.”可知，说话者想借电脑是因为办公室里没有电脑，因此空格处应填否定形式。there be句型中，主语“one”指代单数名词“computer”，be动词需用is，否定形式为isn’t。故选D。 13．—Look! The photo is fun! —Yes. ________ a dog and two cats in the photo. A．There is B．There are C．There has D．There have 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看！这张照片很有趣！——是的。照片里有一只狗和两只猫。 考查there be句型。There is有，主语是单数；There are有，主语是复数；There has和There have不是正确表达。根据“a dog and two cats”可知，there be句型中be动词的形式遵循“就近原则”，即与最近的主语“a dog”保持一致，用单数is。故选A。 14．—There ________ an English speaking competition next week. —I want to ________ it to improve my English! A．will have; compete in B．is going to have; compete C．is going to be; compete in D．will be; compete 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——下周会有一场英语演讲比赛。——我想参加比赛来提高我的英语。 考查There be句型和动词短语。第一句是“There be”句型，根据“next week”可知应用一般将来时，因此可表示为“be going to be/will be”，排除选项A和B；“参加比赛”应用“compete in”。故选C。 15．—Is there a garden in your school? —________. A．Yes, it is B．No, it isn’t C．Yes, there is D．No, there aren’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你们学校有花园吗？ ——是的，有。 考查there be句型。以there be开头的一般疑问句，其答语也需要there be来回答。此处是Is there开头的一般疑问句，所以答语也要用there is来回答。故选C。 五、完成句子，每小题1分，满分15分 1．There is something interesting in today’s newspaper. （改为一般疑问句） ________________ in today’s newspaper? 【答案】Is there anything interesting 【详解】句意：今天的报纸上有些有趣的内容。原句为there be结构的肯定句，改为一般疑问句时需将be动词is提至句首，并将不定代词something改为anything，其他部分保持不变。故填Is there anything interesting。 2．is, this, change, inventor, world, an, who, the, can (.)（连词成句） ________________________________________________ 【答案】This is an inventor who can change the world. 【详解】根据标点和单词提示可知，句子为陈述句，含定语从句。主句“This is an inventor”为主系表结构，意为“这是一位发明家”，其中“inventor”前应用不定冠词“an”；“who can change the world”为定语从句，修饰先行词“inventor”，关系代词“who”在从句中作主语，从句中情态动词can后跟动词原形，“change the world”意为“改变世界”。 3．There is a stamp collection on the desk. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ on the desk? 【答案】 What is 【详解】句意：书桌上有一套邮票收藏品。划线部分“a stamp collection”表示“物品”，对事物提问需要用特殊疑问词what“什么”，句首首字母大写；原句为一般现在时，所以be动词用is。故填What；is。 4．Yuan Longping is famous for hybrid rice.（改为同义句） Yuan Longping is ________ ________ his hybrid rice. 【答案】 known for 【详解】句意：袁隆平因杂交水稻而闻名。“be famous for”意为“因……而闻名”，同义短语为“be known for”。故填known；for。 5．There are some herbs in the garden.（改为否定句） There ________ ________ herbs in the garden. 【答案】 aren’t any 【详解】句意：花园里有一些草药。原句为there be句型，改为否定句时，在be动词are后加not，缩写为aren’t；some用于肯定句，否定句中要变为any。 6．This famous scientist has won many awards.（改为一般疑问句） ________ this famous scientist ________ many awards? 【答案】 Has won 【详解】句意：这位著名科学家获得了许多奖项。现在完成时陈述句变一般疑问句，需将助动词“has”提到句首，首字母需要大写，主语“this famous scientist”后跟过去分词“won”。 7．爱迪生发明了许多东西，他是一位伟大的发明家。 Edison ________ many things and he was a great ________. 【答案】 invented inventor 【详解】原句中“发明”和“发明家”是关键词，表示“发明”的单词是invent，此处讲述历史事件，用一般过去时，invent的过去式是invented；表示“发明家”的单词是inventor，由a可知用单数形式。 8．the, weigh, every, used, to, scientist, samples, day, the (连词成句) _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The scientist used to weigh the samples every day. 【详解】根据所给单词可知，本句为陈述句。The scientist(科学家)作主语，首字母大写；used to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“过去常常做某事”，此处used to weigh表示“过去常常称重”；the samples(样本)作动词weigh的宾语；every day(每天)作时间状语，位于句末。故填The scientist used to weigh the samples every day.(这位科学家过去每天都给样本称重。) 9．This famous painter created over 500 artworks in his lifetime. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ artworks did this famous painter create in his lifetime? 【答案】 How many 【详解】句意：这位著名画家一生创作了500多件艺术品。划线部分over 500表示“数量”，对可数名词的数量提问需要用How many“多少”，后跟artworks，句首首字母H大写。 10．We have recorded many important historical events in this book. (改为被动语态) Many important historical events ________ ________ recorded in this book. 【答案】 have been 【详解】句意：我们在这本书里记录了许多重要的历史事件。现在完成时的被动语态结构，其形式为have/has been + 过去分词，宾语Many important historical events变为主语，是复数，助动词用have。 11．The scientist spent thirty years completing his research. (保持句意基本不变) It ________ the scientist thirty years ________ complete his research. 【答案】 took to 【详解】句意：这位科学家花了三十年时间完成了他的研究。原句使用的是“spend time doing sth.”的结构。同义句转换通常使用“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”的句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。原句中动词是“spent”，为一般过去时，因此转换句型中的动词“take”也要用过去式“took”。第二个空根据句型结构填入不定式符号“to”。故填took；to。 12．There is a famous statue of this great leader in the square. (改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ a famous statue of this great leader in the square? 【答案】 Is there 【详解】句意：广场上有一座这位伟大领袖的著名雕像。原句为There be句型的肯定句，变为一般疑问句时，需要将be动词is提前至句首，首字母变为大写，there紧随其后。 故填Is；there。 13．She often helps her mother with housework. (改为否定句) She ________ often ________ her mother with housework. 【答案】 doesn’t help 【详解】句意：她经常帮助她的妈妈做家务。原句是一般现在时的肯定句，主语“She”是第三人称单数，谓语动词“helps”是实义动词的第三人称单数形式。改为否定句时，需借助助动词“does”的否定式“doesn’t”，后接动词原形“help”。 14．The book is very interesting. (改为同义句) It is ________ ________ interesting book. 【答案】 such an 【详解】句意：这本书非常有趣。改为同义句时，原句“very interesting”可替换为“such an interesting”，表示“如此有趣的”，interesting以元音音素开头，需用冠词an。 15．Lu Xun wrote many great books. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ many great books? 【答案】 Who wrote 【详解】句意：谁写了许多伟大的著作？划线部分Lu Xun表示“人”，对人提问用Who。原句为一般过去时，谓语动词wrote是过去式，提问时保持原有时态和语序，即“Who + 动词过去式 + 其他”。 六、语法选择，每小题1分，满分20分 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在各小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Here is a nice story about Kuang Heng. When he is young, his family is very poor. He has to do a lot of 1 in the day time. Kuang Heng is really 2 in reading. But he has no money to buy books. What can he do? In his town, there is 3 rich man. The man has many books, but never reads 4 . Kuang tries to work 5 the man for free. The man asks him why. Kuang says he only wants to read the rich 6 books. The man is moved and lets him 7 all the books. However, there is another problem for him. He doesn’t have any candles (蜡烛) 8 he can’t read books at night. One day, he finds the light in the neighbor’s (邻居的) home can help 9 to read. So, he chisels (凿) a crack (缝隙) in the wall to read books with the light next door. Kuang Heng studies really 10 every day. As time goes by, Kuang Heng becomes a great officer (官员) in his country. His story tells us that we can think of ways to work out our problems. 1．A．work B．works C．working 2．A．interest B．interested C．interesting 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．they B．their C．them 5．A．for B．at C．about 6．A．man B．men C．man’s 7．A．read B．to read C．reads 8．A．but B．so C．or 9．A．he B．his C．him 10．A．easily B．hard C．good 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述匡衡凿壁借光的故事。 1．句意：他白天要做很多工作。 work工作，动词原形或不可数名词；works工作，为动词的第三人称单数形式；working工作，现在分词。根据空前的“a lot of”可知，此处应用名词形式。故选A。 2．句意：匡衡对读书真的很感兴趣。 interest兴趣；interested感兴趣的；interesting用兴趣的。be interested in“对……感兴趣”，固定词组。故选B。 3．句意：在他的镇上，有一个富人。 a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指。根据句意可知，这里泛指一个富人；根据空后的“rich”为辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故选A。 4．句意：他有很多书，但从不读它们。 they他/她/它们，为人称代词主格；their他/她/它们的，为形容词性物主代词；them他/她/它们，为人称代词宾格。分析句子结构可知，此处应用人称代词宾格，作宾语。故选C。 5．句意：匡想免费为那个人工作。 for为；at在；about关于。work for...“为……工作”，固定词组。故选A。 6．句意：匡说他只想读有钱人的书。 man可数名词单数形式；men可数名词复数形式；man’s名词所有格。根据空后的“books”可知，此处应用名词所有格。故选C。 7．句意：那个人很感动，让他把所有的书都读了。 read动词原形；to read动词不定式；reads动词第三人称单数形式。let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，固定词组。故选A。 8．句意：他没有蜡烛，所以晚上不能看书。 but但是；so所以；or或者。根据空前后句的句意可知，此处表示因果关系。故选B。 9．句意：有一天，他发现邻居家的光可以帮助他读书。 he他，为人称代词主格；his他的，为形容词性物主代词；him他，为人称代词宾格。分析句子结构可知，此处应用人称代词宾格，作宾语。故选C。 10．句意：匡衡每天学习真的很努力。 easily容易地，为副词；hard努力地，为副词；good好的，为形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词，作状语；根据下文“As time goes by, Kuang Heng becomes a great officer (官员) in his country.”可知，此处指匡衡每天学习真的很努力。故选B。 Charles Dickens is a famous American writer. 1 the 1810s, he was born in Portsmouth, England. Dickens 2 like playing with other boys when he was young. He 3 a lot of books in his free time. He began to work at a factory at the age of 12. It took him 10 hours 4 money by washing bottles and polishing (擦亮) shoes every day. 5 Dickens was 16, he became a reporter (记者) for a newspaper. In 1836, Dickens wrote his first book The Pickwick Papers. One year later, the book came out and made Dickens rich and famous. Most of Dickens’ 6 are about the life in Victorian England. Children at that time usually had to work in the factory at 7 young age. He wrote a lot of sad stories, 8 they are always humorous (幽默的). And most of his books have 9 endings, like A Christmas Carol. It is about a selfish (自私的) man. He finds love and friendship after looking back on 10 life on Christmas Eve. He lived happily and gained (收获) happiness at last. 1．A．On B．At C．In 2．A．doesn’t B．wasn’t C．didn’t 3．A．reads B．is reading C．read 4．A．make B．to make C．makes 5．A．After B．When C．Before 6．A．work’s B．works C．work 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．so B．but C．and 9．A．happily B．happiness C．happy 10．A．he B．him C．his 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名的美国作家查理斯.狄更斯的成长经历和他的作品。 1．句意：在19世纪10年代，他出生在英国的朴茨茅斯。 On用在具体日期前；At用在具体时刻前；In用于表示世纪、年、月、季节，在上午/下午/晚上/白天等。根据“the 1810s,”可知，这里是19世纪10年代，其前要用in。故选C。 2．句意：狄更斯年轻时不喜欢和其他男孩一起玩。 doesn’t一般现在时的否定句；wasn’t一般过去时的否定句；didn’t一般过去时的否定句。根据“when he was young.”可知，该句为含有一般过去时态的时间状语从句的主从复合句，主句也用一般过去时，排除A；like为实义动词，表示否定时其前用didn’t，而不能用wasn’t，排除B。故选C。 3．句意：他在空闲时间读了很多书。 reads一般现在时；is reading现在进行时；read一般过去时。文章介绍狄更斯的生平，都用的一般过去时，这里的read不是动词原形，是过去式形式。故选C。 4．句意：他每天花10个小时来洗瓶子和擦鞋赚钱。 make动词原形；to make动词不定式；makes动词单数。根据“It took him 10 hours…money”可知，这里是It took sb.+一段时间+to do sth.，花费某人多少时间做某事，应该用动词不定式。故选B。 5．句意：狄更斯16岁时成为一家报纸的记者。 After在……之后；When当……的时候；Before在……之前。根据“Dickens was 16,”可知，这里是由when引导的时间状语从句。故选B。 6．句意：狄更斯的大部分作品都是关于维多利亚时代英国的生活。 work’s工作的；works作品(名词复数形式)；work作品(名词单数形式)、工作(动词)。根据“about the life in Victorian England.”可知，这里指狄更斯的大多数“作品”。故选B。 7．句意：那时的孩子通常很小就必须在工厂里工作。 a用在辅音音素前；an用在元音音素前；the特指。空后的young age是单数，表泛指，而young是以辅音音素开头的单词，用a修饰。故选A。 8．句意：他写了很多悲伤的故事，但总是很幽默。 so所以；but但是；and和。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间为转折关系，因此用but连接。故选B。 9．句意：他的大多数书都有圆满的结局，比如《圣诞颂歌》。 happily高兴地；happiness幸福；happy快乐的。根据“endings”可知，这里用形容词修饰名词。故选C。 10．句意：在平安夜回顾自己的生活后，他找到了爱情和友谊。 he他，主格代词；him他，宾格代词；his他的，形容词性物主代词。根据“life”可知，这里用形容词性物主代词。故选C。 2 / 16 1 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $