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人教版八年级下册英语 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 单元知识复习清单
Section A 重点单词
1. temper /ˈtempə(r)/ n. 脾气;怒气(p41)
2. earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ n. 地震(p42)
3. typhoon /taɪˈfuːn/ n. 台风(p42)
4. wildfire /ˈwaɪldfaɪə(r)/ n. 野火(p42)
5. snowstorm /ˈsnəʊstɔːm/ n. 雪暴;暴风雪(p42)
6. flood /flʌd/ n. 洪水;水灾 v. 泛滥;淹没(p42)
7. drought /draʊt/ n. 旱灾;干旱(p42)
8. warn /wɔːn/ v. 警告;提醒注意(p42)
9. wave /weɪv/ n. 波浪;波 v. 挥手;挥舞(p43)
10. slow /sləʊ/ v.(使)慢下来;(使)减速 adj. 缓慢的(p43)
11. interview /ˈɪntəvjuː/ n. & v. 采访;面试(p43)
12. neighbourhood /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ n. 街区;临近的地方(p43)
13. roof /ruːf/ n. 屋顶;顶部(p43)
14. nearly /ˈnɪəli/ adv. 几乎;差不多(p43)
15. come off (从某物上)脱落;掉落(p43)
16. report /rɪˈpɔːt/ v. & n. 报道;汇报(p43)
17. trouble /ˈtrʌbl/ n. 苦恼;困难 v. 使苦恼;麻烦(p43)
18. relative /ˈrelətɪv/ n. 亲戚;亲属(p44)
19. truck /trʌk/ n. 卡车(p44)
20. supply /səˈplaɪ/ n. 供给;补给 v. 供应;供给(p44)
21. preparation /ˌprepəˈreɪʃn/ n. 准备;预备(p44)
22. power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 电力;能量;力量(p45)
23. soundly /ˈsaʊndli/ adv.(睡觉)酣畅地;完全彻底地(p45)
24. thick /θɪk/ adj. 厚的;浓密的(p45)
25. beat /biːt/ v. (beat, beaten) 敲;打;撞击 n. 敲击;跳动(p45)
26. hide /haɪd/ v. (hid, hidden) 躲藏;隐藏(p45)
27. tornado /tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/ n. 龙卷风;旋风(p45)
Section B 重点单词
1. worst /wɜːst/ adj. & adv.(bad和badly最高级)最坏(的);最糟(的)(p46)
2. schoolgirl /ˈskuːlɡɜːl/ n.(中小学的)女生(p46)
3. froth /frɒθ/ n. 泡;泡沫(p46)
4. unfortunately /ʌnˈfɔːtʃənətli/ adv. 不幸地;可惜地(p46)
5. refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ v. 拒绝;退回(p46)
6. security /sɪˈkjʊərəti/ n. 安全;保安(p46)
7. guard /ɡɑːd/ n. 卫兵;保卫 v. 保卫(p46)
8. nearby /ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/ adj. 附近的 adv. 在附近(p46)
9. scream /skriːm/ v. 尖叫(p46)
10. thankfully /ˈθæŋkfəli/ adv. 幸亏;感激地(p47)
11. knowledge /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ n. 知识;学问(p47)
12. thinking /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/ n. 思考;想法(p47)
13. hero /ˈhɪərəʊ/ n. 英雄;偶像(p47)
14. landslide /ˈlændslaɪd/ n. 滑坡;塌方(p48)
15. safeguard /ˈseɪfɡɑːd/ v. 保护;捍卫(p48)
16. floodwater /ˈflʌdwɔːtə(r)/ n. 洪水(p48)
17. manpower /ˈmænpaʊə(r)/ n. 劳动力;人力(p48)
18. heartbeat /ˈhɑːtbiːt/ n. 心跳(声)(p48)
19. rescue /ˈreskjuː/ n. & v. 救援;营救(p48)
20. heatwave /ˈhiːtweɪv/ n. 热浪(p48)
21. southwestern /ˌsaʊθˈwestən/ adj. 西南的;西南方向的(p48)
22. firefighter /ˈfaɪəfaɪtə(r)/ n. 消防队员(p48)
23. volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做(p48)
二、单元必背重点短语
Section A 短语
1. at the time of 在……的时候(p42)
2. warn sb. about sth. 警告某人关于某事(p42)
3. do chores 做家务(p42)
4. slow down (使)慢下来;(使)减速(p43)
5. clean up 打扫干净;清理(p43)
6. play chess 下国际象棋(p43)
7. stay inside 待在室内(p43)
8. go off (闹钟)发出响声(p49)
9. make preparations 做准备(p44)
10. pick up 捡起;接电话(课本原句搭配)
11. fall asleep 睡着;入睡
12. die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐消失
13. in a mess 凌乱不堪;一片狼藉
14. beat against 猛烈敲打(窗户、屋顶等)(p45)
15. come off 脱落;掉落(p43)
Section B 短语
1. instead of 代替;而不是(p46)
2. take a single step 迈出一步(p46)
3. jump into action 立即行动(p46)
4. as fast as they could 尽可能快地(p46)
5. a huge wall of water 一堵巨大的水墙(p46)
6. make it to safety 成功到达安全地带(p47)
7. the difference between...and... ……和……之间的区别(p47)
8. thanks to 多亏;由于(p47)
9. at once 立刻;马上(p46)
10. rush to do sth. 急忙做某事(p46)
11. stay away from 远离(p48)
12. put out fires 灭火(p48)
13. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事(p48)
14. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事(p48)
15. all of a sudden 突然;猛地(p49)
三、单元重点句型
Section A 核心句型
1. What were you doing at the time of the typhoon?
台风来临时你正在做什么?(1d 原句)
2. Xinyi was warning a neighbour at that time.
那时心怡正在提醒一位邻居。(1c 原句)
3. When the typhoon hit, the boy’s family were having dinner at home.
台风来袭时,男孩一家正在家里吃晚饭。(2c 原句)
4. While we were driving home, the strong winds started.
我们开车回家的时候,狂风开始肆虐。(Grammar Focus 原句)
5. Did your family make any preparations before the typhoon landed?
台风登陆前你们家做准备了吗?(3d 原句)
6. Luckily, we covered our windows and moved our things off the floor before the typhoon started.
幸运的是,台风来临前我们封住了窗户,把东西从地板上移开了。(3a 原句)
Section B 核心句型
1. While Tilly was walking along the beach with her family, she noticed something strange.
蒂莉和家人在海滩散步时,她注意到了一些奇怪的现象。(1b 原句)
2. Two weeks before, her geography teacher had explained that earthquakes under the sea could create dangerous waves called tsunamis!
两周前,她的地理老师讲过,海底地震会引发叫海啸的危险巨浪!(1b 原句)
3. Unfortunately, her family didn’t believe her and wanted to continue their walk.
不幸的是,她的家人不相信她,还想继续散步。(1b 原句)
4. Thanks to her knowledge and quick thinking, one schoolgirl was able to save over 100 lives.
多亏了她的知识和快速反应,这个女学生拯救了100多条生命。(1c 原句)
5. When I finally reached my classroom, out of breath, my teacher was already waiting at the door.
当我气喘吁吁赶到教室时,老师已经在门口等着了。(3a 原句)
四、单元语法核心解析(课本唯一语法:过去进行时 + when/while用法)
1. 过去进行时(课本Grammar Focus核心)
(1)定义表示过去某一具体时刻、某一段时间内正在进行的动作,常搭配:
- 时间点:at that time / at 8:00 last night
- when/while引导的时间状语从句
(2)基本结构
肯定句:主语 + was/were + 动词现在分词(v.-ing)
- I/he/she/it/单数名词 → was
- we/you/they/复数名词 → were
否定句:主语 + was/were + not + v.-ing
一般疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + v.-ing?
特殊疑问句:疑问词 + Was/Were + 主语 + v.-ing?
(3)动词变ing规则(课本必考)
1. 一般直接加-ing:play → playing
2. 以不发音e结尾,去e加-ing:write → writing
3. 重读闭音节(辅+元+辅),双写末尾字母加-ing:stop → stopping
4. 以ie结尾,变ie为y加-ing:lie → lying
2. when & while 用法区别(课本核心难点)
连接词 用法 从句时态 例句
when 可接短暂性动词(瞬间完成)或延续性动词 短暂动→一般过去时;延续动→过去进行时 When the typhoon hit, we were having dinner.(台风来袭,瞬间动作)
while 只接延续性动词(可持续),强调主从句动作同时进行 必须用过去进行时 While we were waiting, it began to rain.(我们等待时,下雨了)
3. 过去进行时 vs 一般过去时(课本易混点)
- 过去进行时:强调动作正在进行、未结束(侧重过程)
例:I was reading books at 7:00 yesterday.(昨天7点我正在看书)
- 一般过去时:强调动作已完成、已结束(侧重结果)
例:I read books yesterday.(我昨天看了书)
五、单元高频词形转换
1. warn (v.) 警告 → warning (n.) 警告;警示
2. safe (adj.) 安全的 → safety (n.) 安全 → safeguard (v.) 保护
3. prepare (v.) 准备 → preparation (n.) 准备
4. southwest (n.) 西南 → southwestern (adj.) 西南的
5. thank (v.) 感谢 → thankfully (adv.) 幸亏;感激地
6. know (v.) 知道 → knowledge (n.) 知识
7. think (v.) 思考 → thinking (n.) 想法;思考
8. hero (n.) 英雄 → heroes (pl.) 英雄(复数)
9. volunteer (n.) 志愿者 → volunteer (v.) 自愿做
10. report (v./n.) 报道 → reporter (n.) 记者
六、单元固定搭配
1. be doing sth. when... 正在做某事,这时……
2. have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
3. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
4. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事
5. continue to do/doing sth. 继续做某事
6. try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事
7. make preparations for sth. 为某事做准备
8. keep sb. + adj. 使某人保持某种状态
9. remind sb. about sth. 提醒某人某事
10. be able to do sth. 能够做某事
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