专题14 there be句型（知识清单）-2026年小升初英语复习讲练测（山东专版）

小升初英语专题总复习 专题14 there be句型 考点一 基本结构与be动词选择 There be句型表示"某地存在某物或某人"，是山东版小学英语教材的核心句型，也是山东小升初入门必考点。 核心结构表（山东小升初必考） 名词类型 be动词形式 典型例句（山东本地场景） 单数可数名词 There is There is a map of Shandong on the wall.（墙上有一张山东地图。） 不可数名词（水、食物、液体等） There is There is some Shandong pancake on the plate.（盘子里有一些山东煎饼。） 复数可数名词 There are There are many students in Jinan No.1 Primary School.（济南第一小学有很多学生。） 山东考区易错提醒 不可数名词永远用There is：不受数量限定词影响，如There is a little water in the bottle.（正确） 句首必须用There：不能用It或Have替换，误：It is a book on the desk. 正：There is a book on the desk. 并列主语遵循就近原则：详见考点三 1.用be动词的适当形式填空 （1）There ____________ (be) a famous mountain called Mount Tai in Shandong. （2）There ____________ (be) some rice in the bowl. （3）There ____________ (be) many old buildings in Qufu. （4）There ____________ (be) a pen and two books on the desk. 2.选出下列句子中结构正确的一项( ) A. There have a new park in Qingdao. B. There is some apples on the tree. C. There are three lakes in Jinan. D. There aren't any milk in the glass. 3.改正下列句子中的结构错误 （1）There are a book about Confucius on the shelf. →______________________ （2）There is some oranges in the basket. →______________________ （3）Have there a dog in the garden? →______________________ 1.用be动词的适当形式填空 （1）There ___________ (be) an English book and three Chinese books on the desk. （2）There ___________ (be) some tea in the cup. （3）There ___________ (be) no computers in our school ten years ago. （4）There ___________ (be) a lot of flowers in Daming Lake Park in spring. 2.翻译句子（注意be动词选择） （1）济南有很多著名的泉水。___________________________________________________ （2）杯子里没有咖啡了。________________________________________________________ （3）桌子上有一支钢笔和两本笔记本。________________________________________________ 3.判断下列句子是否正确（正确写T，错误写F） （1）There is some bread on the plate.( ) （2）There are a little rice in the bowl.( ) （3）There is two pens and a ruler on the desk.( ) 考点二 句式转换规则（否定、疑问） 掌握否定句"be+not"和疑问句"be提前"的规则，搭配some/any的转换，是山东小升初句型转换题的高频考点。 转换规则表（山东小升初必考） 句式 转换方法 例句（原句：There is a cat. / There are some birds.） 否定句 be动词后加not（isn't/aren't）；some变any There isn't a cat. / There aren't any birds. 一般疑问句 be动词提到句首；some变any；句末加问号 Is there a cat? / Are there any birds? 肯定回答 Yes, there + 原be动词 Yes, there is. / Yes, there are. 否定回答 No, there + be动词+not No, there isn't. / No, there aren't. 特殊疑问句（对数量提问） How many+复数名词+are there...? How much+不可数名词+is there...? How many birds are there? How much water is there? 山东考区易错提醒 不可数名词的否定/疑问仍用is：如There isn't any juice in the bottle.（正确） some和any的转换：肯定句用some，否定句和疑问句用any；表示请求或建议的疑问句仍用some 特殊疑问句语序：疑问词+be+there+其他？ 1.按要求改写句子 （1）There is some tea in the cup.（改为否定句） __________________________________________________ （2）There are three hospitals in this town.（改为一般疑问句） __________________________________________________ （3）There is a library near the school.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） __________________________________________________ （4）There are some apples in the fridge.（对划线部分提问） __________________________________________________ 2.选出下列转换正确的一项( ) A. There are some desks.（否定句）→ There are not some desks. B. There is a dog.（疑问句）→ Is there a dog? C. Are there any flowers?（肯定回答）→ Yes, there are some. D. There is some water.（对划线部分提问）→ How many water is there? 3.改正下列转换中的错误 （1）There are some pens.（否定句）→ There not are any pens. → __________________________________________________ （2）Is there a park?（否定回答）→ No, there is not. → __________________________________________________ （3）There are five books.（对划线部分提问）→ How much books are there? → __________________________________________________ 1.按要求改写句子 （1）There is a big supermarket near my home.（改为否定句） __________________________________________________ （2）There are some interesting films on TV tonight.（改为一般疑问句） __________________________________________________ （3）There is some milk in the bottle.（对划线部分提问） __________________________________________________ （4）Are there any students in the classroom?（作否定回答） __________________________________________________ 2.翻译句子（注意否定/疑问结构） （1）冰箱里没有鸡蛋了。 __________________________________________________ （2）你们学校附近有图书馆吗？是的，有。 __________________________________________________ （3）桌子上有多少个苹果？有三个。 __________________________________________________ 3.用some/any填空 （1）There isn't _________________ rice in the bowl. Can you give me ? （2） students are playing on the playground. There aren't _________________ teachers with them. （3）—Are there _________________ books about Confucius in the library? —Yes, there are _________________. 考点三 就近原则 当句中有多个名词并列时，be动词的单复数由"离它最近的名词"决定，是山东小升初单选、填空的核心易错点。 核心规则 并列结构为"单数名词+and+复数名词"→ 用There is 例：There is a pen and two books on the desk. 并列结构为"复数名词+and+单数名词"→ 用There are 例：There are two books and a pen on the desk. 不可数名词与可数名词并列时，优先看不可数名词 例：There is some water and apples on the table. 山东考区易错提醒 不要受后面复数名词的干扰，严格遵循"就近"原则 误：There are a pen and two books. 正：There is a pen and two books. 1.用be动词的适当形式填空 （1）There ___________ (be) a book and three pens on the desk. （2）There ___________ (be) three pens and a book on the desk. （3）There ___________ (be) some milk and bread for breakfast. （4）There ___________ (be) two schools and a hospital in this area. 2.选出下列句子中就近原则运用正确的一项( ) A. There are a ruler and some pencils in the pencil-box. B. There is some flowers and a tree in the garden. C. There are two boys and a girl in the photo. D. There is three apples and a banana on the plate. 3.改正下列句子中就近原则的错误 （1）There are an apple and some oranges in the basket. → __________________________________________________ （2）There is some books and a pen on the shelf. → __________________________________________________ （3）There are some water and a cup on the table. → __________________________________________________ 1.用be动词的适当形式填空 （1）There ___________ (be) a teacher and forty students in the classroom. （2）There ___________ (be) five desks and a chair in the small room. （3）There ___________ (be) a lot of rain and wind today. （4）There ___________ (be) some trees and a lake in the park. 2.按要求改写句子（遵循就近原则） （1）There is a dog and two cats in the yard.（改为否定句） ____________________________________ （2）There are three girls and a boy in the team.（改为一般疑问句） ____________________________________ 3.翻译句子（注意就近原则） （1）桌子上有一台电脑和一些文件。 ____________________________________ （2）书包里有两本笔记本和一支钢笔。 ____________________________________ 考点四 时态变化 There be句型可以有多种时态形式，由谓语动词be来体现，山东小升初重点考查一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时。 时态变化表（山东小升初必考） 时态 be动词形式 典型例句（山东本地场景） 一般现在时 is/are There is a spring in Baotu Spring Park.（趵突泉公园有一个泉眼。） 一般过去时 was/were There was a small village here ten years ago.（十年前这里有一个小村庄。） 一般将来时 will be / is/are going to be There will be a sports meeting in our school next week.（下周我们学校将有一场运动会。） 山东考区易错提醒 1.一般过去时的标志词：yesterday, last week, ago, in 2020等 2.一般将来时的两种结构：will be和is/are going to be可以互换 3.时态与就近原则结合：无论什么时态，都遵循就近原则。 1.用be动词的适当形式填空（is/are/was/were/will be） （1）There ________ some water in the glass now. （2）There ________ two apples and an orange on the table just now. （3）There ________ a lot of people in the concert yesterday. （4）There ________ a meeting next Monday. （5）There ________ a big tree in front of our school three years ago. 2.选出下列句子中时态使用正确的一项( ) A. There is a football match yesterday. B. There will be a park in our town next year. C. There are many people here last Sunday. D. There is going to have a party tonight. 3.改正下列句子中的时态错误 （1）There is a film last night. →______________________ （2）There will is a new library in our school. →______________________ （3）There were some milk in the bottle just now. →______________________ 1.用be动词的适当形式填空 （1）There ________ (be) a new hospital in our city next year. （2）There ________ (be) many old houses here before. （3）There ________ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening. （4）There ________ (be) some clouds in the sky now. 2.翻译句子（注意时态） （1）昨天公园里有很多人。 ____________________________________ （2）下周将有一场英语考试。 ____________________________________ （3）十年前这里没有高楼大厦。 ____________________________________ 3.按要求改写句子 （1）There is a book on the desk.（改为一般过去时） ____________________________________ （2）There will be a party tomorrow.（改为否定句） ____________________________________ （3）There are some students in the classroom.（改为一般将来时） ____________________________________考点五 与have/has的辨析 区分"存在有"（There be）和"拥有"（have/has）的用法，是山东小升初改错、单选的常考点。 核心区别表（山东小升初必考） 句型 含义 主语 典型例句 There be 某地存在某物/某人（无生命"有"） 无明确主语，以There开头 There is a park near my home.（我家附近有一个公园。） have/has 人/动物拥有某物（有生命"有"） 人/动物作主语 I have a new schoolbag.（我有一个新书包。） She has a dog.（她有一只狗。） 山东考区易错提醒 1.两者不可混用：误：There has a book on the desk. 正：There is a book on the desk. / I have a book. 2.第三人称单数用has：he/she/it/单数名词作主语时用has，其余用have 3.物品的组成部分用have/has：如The desk has four legs.（桌子有四条腿。） 1.用There be/have/has填空 （1）____________ a big tree in front of the house. （2）My father ____________ a new car. He drives it to work every day. （3）____________ any books in your schoolbag? （4）They ____________ three children. Their children are all students. 2.选出下列句子中用法正确的一项( ) A. There has a library in our school. B. She have a beautiful dress. C. There are some flowers in the garden. D. We has two new teachers this term. 3.改正下列句子中的混用错误 （1）There have a lot of students in the hall. → ____________________________________________ （2）He there is a new bike. → ____________________________________________ （3）There are a pen in my hand. I have it from my mother. → ____________________________________________ 1.用There be/have/has的适当形式填空 （1）____________ some milk in the fridge. Do you want to drink? （2）My sister ____________ long hair. She is very beautiful. （3）____________ a post office near the bank? （4）Our school ____________ a big playground. ____________ many trees around it. 2.翻译句子（注意区分用法） （1）他有一个妹妹，她有很多玩具。 ____________________________________________ （2）我们城市有很多高楼大厦。 ____________________________________________ （3）书包里有一本书和两支笔，我很喜欢它们。 ____________________________________________ 3.改正下列句子中的错误 （1）There has some bread on the table. → ____________________________________________ （2）They are have three apples. → ____________________________________________ （3）There is a dog. It have a short tail. → ____________________________________________ 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. There ______ a book and two pens on the desk. A. is B. are C. have D. has ( ) 2. —Are there ______ oranges in the fridge? —No, there aren't. A. some B. any C. a D. an ( ) 3. There ______ some water in the bottle. We can drink it. A. is B. are C. isn't D. aren't ( ) 4. My mother ______ a new phone. ______ a big screen on it. A. have；There is B. has；There is C. has；There are D. have；There are ( ) 5. There ______ two schools and a hospital in this town. A. is B. are C. have D. has ( ) 6. —How many students ______ in your class? —Forty-five. A. there are B. are there C. have D. has ( ) 7. There ______ any milk in the glass. We need to buy some. A. is B. are C. isn't D. aren't ( ) 8. —Is there a park near your home? —______ A. Yes, there has. B. No, there isn't. C. Yes, it is. D. No, it isn't. ( ) 9. There ______ a lot of flowers and a tree in the garden. A. is B. are C. have D. has ( ) 10. Tom ______ no brothers or sisters. ______ only one child in his family. A. have；There is B. has；There is C. has；There are D. have；There are 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.There ________________ (be) a map of China on the wall. 2.There ________________ (be) no coffee in the cup. Can you make some? 3.There ________________ (be) three boys and a girl in the classroom. 4.My brother ________________ (have) a new basketball. He plays it every afternoon. 5.________________ (be) there any books on the shelf? 6.There ________________ (be) some bread and eggs for breakfast. 7.They ________________ (have) two cats. ________________ (be) very cute. 8.There ________________ (be) a big supermarket and some small shops in this street. 9.________________ (be) there a football match yesterday? 10.There ________________ (not be) any students in the classroom now. They are all on the playground. 三、按要求完成下列各题 1.There is a pen in the pencil-box.（改为否定句） __________________________________________________ 2.There are some apples in the fridge.（改为一般疑问句） __________________________________________________ 3.There are three books on the desk.（对划线部分提问） __________________________________________________ 4.My father has a new car.（改为一般疑问句） __________________________________________________ 5.There is some milk in the bottle.（对划线部分提问） __________________________________________________ 6.Are there any flowers in the garden?（作肯定回答并补充"有很多"） __________________________________________________ 四、完形填空 Hello, everyone! I live in Jinan, Shandong. ______ (1) a beautiful park called Daming Lake in our city. People often go there on weekends. There ______ (2) many trees and flowers in the park. There ______ (3) a big lake too. Some children like to boat in the lake in summer. My family ______ (4) a house near the park. ______ (5) a big garden behind our house. We grow some vegetables and flowers there. I like my city very much. ( ) 1. A. There is B. There are C. Have D. Has ( ) 2. A. is B. are C. have D. has ( ) 3. A. is B. are C. have D. has ( ) 4. A. have B. has C. there is D. there are ( ) 5. A. There is B. There are C. Have D. Has 答案与解析 考点一 考点再现： 1.（1）is（2）is（3）are（4）is 2.C 3.（1）are→is（a book是单数） （2）is→are（some oranges是复数） （3）Have there→Is there（There be句型） 过关训练： 1.（1）is（2）is（3）were（4）are 2.（1）There are many famous springs in Jinan. （2）There isn't any coffee in the cup. （3）There is a pen and two notebooks on the desk. 3.（1）T（2）F（3）F 考点二： 考点再现： 1.（1）There isn't any tea in the cup. （2）Are there three hospitals in this town? （3）Is there a library near the school? Yes, there is. （4）How many apples are there in the fridge? 2.B 3.（1）not are→aren't （2）is not→isn't （3）much→many 过关训练： 1.（1）There isn't a big supermarket near my home. （2）Are there any interesting films on TV tonight? （3）How much milk is there in the bottle? （4）No, there aren't. 2.（1）There aren't any eggs in the fridge. （2）Is there a library near your school? Yes, there is. （3）How many apples are there on the desk? There are three. 3.（1）any、some（2）Some、any（3）any、some 考点三： 考点再现： 1.（1）is（2）are（3）is（4）are 2.C 3.（1）are→is （2）is→are （3）are→is 过关训练： 1.（1）is（2）are（3）is（4）are 2.（1）There isn't a dog and two cats in the yard. （2）Are there three girls and a boy in the team? 3.（1）There is a computer and some documents on the desk. （2）There are two notebooks and a pen in the schoolbag. 考点四： 考点再现： 1.（1）is（2）were（3）were（4）will be（5）was 2.B 3.（1）is→was （2）is→be （3）were→was 过关训练： 1.（1）will be/is going to be（2）were（3）was（4）are 2.（1）There were many people in the park yesterday. （2）There will be an English exam next week. （3）There weren't any tall buildings here ten years ago. 3.（1）There was a book on the desk. （2）There won't be a party tomorrow. （3）There will be some students in the classroom. 考点五： 考点再现： 1.（1）There is（2）has（3）Are there（4）have 2.C 3.（1）have→are （2）He there is→He has （3）are→is、have→got 过关训练： 1.（1）There is（2）has（3）Is there（4）has、There are 2.（1）He has a sister. She has many toys. （2）There are many tall buildings in our city. （3）There is a book and two pens in the schoolbag. I like them very much. 3.（1）has→is （2）are have→have （3）have→has 一、单项选择 答案：1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.B 1. 解析：本题考查There be句型的就近原则，离be动词最近的名词是a book（单数可数名词），be动词用is。故正确答案为A。 2. 解析：本题考查some和any的用法，疑问句中表示“一些”用any，oranges是复数，排除a/an，some用于肯定句。故正确答案为B。 3. 解析：本题考查be动词的选择，water是不可数名词，be动词用is；后句“We can drink it”提示句子为肯定句，排除否定形式。故正确答案为A。 4. 解析：第一空考查have/has的用法，主语my mother是第三人称单数，用has；第二空考查There be句型，a big screen是单数，用There is。故正确答案为B。 5. 解析：本题考查There be句型的就近原则，离be动词最近的名词是two schools（复数可数名词），be动词用are。故正确答案为B。 6. 解析：本题考查There be句型的特殊疑问句，对复数名词数量提问，结构为“How many+复数名词+are there...”，疑问语序需把are提前。故正确答案为B。 7. 解析：本题考查be动词的否定形式，any用于否定句，milk是不可数名词，be动词用is，否定形式为isn't。故正确答案为C。 8. 解析：本题考查There be句型一般疑问句的回答，肯定回答为“Yes, there is.”，否定回答为“No, there isn't.”，排除has和it is的搭配。故正确答案为B。 9. 解析：本题考查There be句型的就近原则，离be动词最近的名词是a lot of flowers（复数可数名词），be动词用are。故正确答案为B。 10. 解析：第一空考查have/has的用法，主语Tom是第三人称单数，用has；第二空考查There be句型，only one child是单数，用There is。故正确答案为B。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 答案：1.is 2.isn't 3.are 4.has 5.Are 6.is 7.have；They are 8.is 9.Was 10.aren't 1. 解析：本题考查There be句型，a map of China是单数可数名词，be动词用is。故正确答案为is。 2. 解析：本题考查There be句型的否定形式，coffee是不可数名词，be动词用is，结合后句“Can you make some?”可知为否定句，用isn't。故正确答案为isn't。 3. 解析：本题考查There be句型的就近原则，离be动词最近的three boys是复数，be动词用are。故正确答案为are。 4. 解析：本题考查have/has的用法，主语my brother是第三人称单数，用has。故正确答案为has。 5. 解析：本题考查There be句型的一般疑问句，any books是复数，be动词用are，句首首字母大写。故正确答案为Are。 6. 解析：本题考查There be句型的就近原则，离be动词最近的bread是不可数名词，be动词用is。故正确答案为is。 7. 解析：第一空考查have/has的用法，主语they是复数，用have；第二空指代two cats，用they，be动词用are。故正确答案为have；They are。 8. 解析：本题考查There be句型的就近原则，离be动词最近的a big supermarket是单数，be动词用is。故正确答案为is。 9. 解析：本题考查There be句型的时态，yesterday提示一般过去时，a football match是单数，be动词用was，句首首字母大写。故正确答案为Was。 10. 解析：本题考查There be句型的否定形式，any students是复数，be动词用are，否定形式为aren't。故正确答案为aren't。 三、按要求完成下列各题 答案：1.There isn't a pen in the pencil-box. 2.Are there any apples in the fridge? 3.How many books are there on the desk? 4.Does your father have a new car? 5.How much milk is there in the bottle? 6.Yes, there are. There are a lot of flowers. 1. 解析：本题考查There be句型的否定转换，is的否定形式为isn't，其余部分不变。故正确答案为There isn't a pen in the pencil-box. 2. 解析：本题考查There be句型的一般疑问句转换，are提前至句首，some改为any，句末加问号。故正确答案为Are there any apples in the fridge? 3. 解析：本题考查There be句型的特殊疑问句（对数量提问），划线部分three是复数数量，用How many提问，后接复数名词books，be动词are提前，语序为疑问语序。故正确答案为How many books are there on the desk? 4. 解析：本题考查have/has句型的一般疑问句转换，主语my father是第三人称单数，用Does引导，has改为原形have。故正确答案为Does your father have a new car? 5. 解析：本题考查There be句型的特殊疑问句（对数量提问），划线部分some是不可数名词数量，用How much提问，后接不可数名词milk，be动词is提前，语序为疑问语序。故正确答案为How much milk is there in the bottle? 6. 解析：本题考查There be句型一般疑问句的肯定回答，肯定回答为“Yes, there are.”，补充“有很多”即加上“There are a lot of flowers.”。故正确答案为Yes, there are. There are a lot of flowers. 四、完形填空 答案：1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 1. 解析：本题考查There be句型，a beautiful park是单数可数名词，表“某地存在某物”用There is，Have/Has不能用于There be句型。故正确答案为A。 2. 解析：本题考查There be句型，many trees and flowers是复数可数名词，be动词用are，Have/Has不能用于There be句型。故正确答案为B。 3. 解析：本题考查There be句型，a big lake是单数可数名词，be动词用is，Have/Has不能用于There be句型。故正确答案为A。 4. 解析：本题考查have/has的用法，主语my family是复数（指家庭成员），表“拥有”用have，There is/are不能用于主语后表“拥有”。故正确答案为A。 5. 解析：本题考查There be句型，a big garden是单数可数名词，表“某地存在某物”用There is，Have/Has不能用于There be句型。故正确答案为A。 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $