Unit 8 课时5 Integration ABC（分层作业）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

Unit 8 A green world 课时5 Integration ABC 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 according to prep. 依照，根据 desertification n. 沙漠化 hardly adv. 几乎不，几乎没有 single-use adj. 供一次使用的 damage n. 损坏，损失；损害 solar power n. 太阳能 句型 1. According to the United Nations, in the last 40years, desertification has been a problem across almost 30% of the earth's land. 根据联合国的数据，在过去的40年里，地球上近30%的土地都存在荒漠化问题。 2. In 1997, China joined the UNCCD, an international agreement to fight desertification . 1997年，中国加入了防治荒漠化的国际公约《联合国防治荒漠化公约》。 3. China has made a great start in dealing with the problem of desertification. 中国在治理沙漠化问题上已经有了一个良好的开端。 4. All these efforts give us hope for a greener planet. 所有这些努力给了我们一个更绿色的星球的希望。 5. For example, we all have to separate our rubbish now so that more of it can be recycled . 例如，我们现在都必须把垃圾分开，以便更多的垃圾可以回收利用。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. ________ [dɪˌzɜ:tɪfɪˈkeɪʃn] n. 沙漠化 2. ________ [ˈhɑ:dli] adv. 几乎不，几乎没有 3. ________ [ˌsɪŋɡl ˈju:s] adj. 供一次使用的 4. ________ [ˈdæmɪdʒ] n. 损坏，损失；损害 二、词组默写。 1. 覆盖地球近 30% 的陆地 _______________________ 2. 加入《联合国防治荒漠化公约》 ______________ 3. 防治荒漠化的协议 _______________________ 4. 减少沙漠面积 __________________ 5. 在…… 方面取得良好开端 _______________________6. 共同努力 ________________________ 7. 个人护理产品 _______________________ 8. 一次性塑料 ______________________ 9. 付费回收塑料瓶 _______________________ 10. 一个热门话题 ______________________ 11. 修复这种情况 _______________________ 12. 为更绿色的星球带来希望 __________________ 13. 赢得绿色城镇奖 _______________________ 14. 垃圾分类 ________________________ 15. 像太阳能这样的清洁能源 ______________________ 16. 处理废水的新系统 ______________________ 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 根据联合国的数据，在过去的40年里，地球上近30%的土地都存在荒漠化问题。 ______ ______ the United Nations, in the last 40years, desertification has been a problem across almost 30% of the earth's land. 2. 1997年，中国加入了防治荒漠化的国际公约《联合国防治荒漠化公约》。 In 1997, China joined the UNCCD, ______ ______ ______ to fight desertification. 3. 中国在治理沙漠化问题上已经有了一个良好的开端。 China has ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ dealing with the problem of desertification. 4. 所有这些努力给了我们一个更绿色的星球的希望。 All these efforts ______ ______ ______ ______ a greener planet. 5. 例如，我们现在都必须把垃圾分开，以便更多的垃圾可以回收利用。 For example, we all have to separate our rubbish now ______ ______ more of it can ______ ______. 四、根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空格处填入一个适当的词使短文完整。 For thousands of years, bamboo has been used to make food, houses, paper and even musical instruments. Now, bamboo is stepping into a new role—replacing (替代) p 1 ! Every year, the world creates about 400 million tons of plastic waste. To solve the problem, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong and Anhui provinces have used bamboo as an environmentally f 2 replacement. Anji county (县) in Zhejiang province is a good e 3 . It covers 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests. Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products. “When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were q 4 common,” said Bai Xia, a local in Anji. Bai said that bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is u 5 in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county. “These bamboo-based bags can break down within three months and yet they are stronger than plastic bags,” she a 6 . Kindergartens in Anji have also used bamboo-made toys for children, including toy bricks (积木) and models. Bamboo grows really fast. W 7 trees take more than 10 years to grow big, bamboo only needs four to six years. This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new o 8 . It’s said that Anji p 9 between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year. Using bamboo i 10 of plastic helps the local community a lot. As around 1,000 companies take part in the industry in Anji, bamboo has become more important to the county’s economy. 五、语法填空。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was 8 o’clock on the recycling day. Jenna and her father 1 (collect) recyclable things. Her father advised her 2 (put) the empty box and the old magazines in the recycling bag. “Dad, do you know that we can reuse most of these things, 3 (include) magazines?” asked Jenna. “How so?” her father questioned. “Well, we can donate the old magazines to the library. And this empty paper box can 4 (use) for art projects,” she replied. “I understand your new thinking, Jenna,” said her dad. “But I want you to put them in this recycling bag with all the other paper things 5 that’s the way we have always done it.” “Dad! At the recycling center, they taught us to reuse,” Jenna explained as she tied the magazines together with a string (绳子). “I don’t like 6 idea of giving away our old magazines to other people,” said her dad. “But when we reuse, we also reduce waste!” said Jenna. “And when we reduce, the recycling center 7 (not get) too full of material. If every family reduces waste, we can make a big 8 (different).” “Oh, alright then,” her dad accepted 9 a smile. “Put the magazines by the front door. We can drop them off at the library on the way to the recycling center.” “Great!” Jenna 10 (cheer). “Let’s see what else we can find to reuse.” 六、阅读还原。 阅读以下内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项是多余的。 A carbon footprint (碳足迹) is the total number of greenhouse gases (温室气体) that are produced by our actions. A person’s carbon footprint in the United States is 16 tons, one of the highest in the world. To avoid a 2℃ rise in earth’s temperatures, the carbon footprint per year needs to drop to under 2 tons by 2050. 1 So here are some simple steps we can take to help. Look at what you’re eating Eating more vegetables and fruits and less meat is surely good for our environment. 2 Eating less meat can reduce your carbon footprint by up to 500 kilograms of CO2 per year. Save energy at home Much of the home energy is powered by coal, oil and gas. Try to use less energy by washing your clothes with cold water. 3 For example, you can put in solar panels (太阳能板) to collect energy from the sun for your home. Walk, bike or take public transport The world’s roadways are full of traffic, and most of them are polluting the air. Walking or riding a bike instead of driving will reduce greenhouse gas. 4 For longer trips, choosing public transport will be better. Reduce, reuse and recycle Buying things that are well made can go a long way to reducing the number of waste one produces. 5 Of course, if you can’t reuse something, you can also try to recycle it. A．Another terrible fact is that much food is wasted. B．It will also do harm to your health and fitness. C．Choose to use energy from the sun and wind if possible. D．If you really need a car, why not choose an electric (用电的) one? E．It’s not easy to lower the carbon footprints from 16 tons to 2 tons. F．This is because producing foods made from plants needs less energy. G．If you don’t want something anymore, give it away or try to reuse it. 七、完形填空。 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Our topic today is about a European country, Switzerland. With high mountains and clean blue lakes, it looks beautiful . In Switzerland, things such as glass, plastic and paper are separated 1 different groups and then recycled. Even old clothes and shoes 2 be recycled. An organization 3 old clothes from all over the country. Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given to the poor, and 4 are sent to factories for recycling. The government has many laws to protect the environment. 5 , you are not allowed to cut down trees. You must obey the rule. 6 , you will be punished. If you drop litter in a public place, you will be fined by the police. There are also laws to 7 air and water pollution. Nature is our greatest treasure. We 8 its rich resources to live, so it is important for us to protect it 9 . Luckily, we are starting to use energy from the sun, wind and water. These new types of energy 10 very little and will never run out. Moreover, they produce little pollution. 1．A．into B．with C．for D．in 2．A．should B．can C．must D．will 3．A．buys B．cleans C．collects D．studies 4．A．other B．another C．the other D．others 5．A．Such as B．For example C．One example D．like 6．A．However B．Instead C．Otherwise D．Moreover 7．A．limit B．produce C．avoid D．develop 8．A．prepare for B．connect to C．carry on D．depend on 9．A．easily B．wisely C．slowly D．carelessly 10．A．spend B．pay C．take D．cost 八、阅读理解。 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 My friend Julie and I are crazy about creating (创建) a beautiful green town. Gardening Course Every September, our city has a special festival. Crowds of happy people go to the park. That’s because the gardening competition takes place there. For Julie and me, it was a pity that we couldn’t take part in the gardening competition, for that was also the first day of our high school. We were busy choosing courses. We wanted to learn all about plants, gardening and farming. We thought it would help us succeed as gardeners. Project presentation After a year’s study, I decided to give a talk to my class about my project—the green farm. “Good morning!” I said, “During my studies, I’ve learned a lot about city farming. Now, I want to do something with what I’ve learned.” I showed them a small plastic model. “This is the high street of our town. This is an old, nine-floor car park. No one has used it for the last two years and it’s now for sale.” “I’ve designed a city farm using the car park building. There will be eight floors to farm fruit and vegetables. This design can help us collect rainwater to wet the soil. And we can also use energy from the sun to power the special growing lights.” “I will hire (租) the space out to local people and they will sell everything good enough for the environment in local shops. Also, the ninth floor will be for those who want to grow their own plants.” My audience looked interested and my project got the highest marks in my class. Later, Julie helped me search the town for the perfect place for gardening—somewhere that was not the best neighbourhood, but a poor one. One where the road was full of holes and the pavement (人行道) was all broken came into our eyes. At last, we made it. In the neighbourhood, we posted letters through people’s doors with gardening instructions. More and more people cared about that and began to plant vegetable gardens. Then in the same neighbourhood, we put grass over those broken old pavements for the kids to play on. Finally, we put up a sign that said, “Have fun here.” When we finished, we were both covered in soil and completely tired. But Julie put an arm around my shoulders and smiled. “Not bad!” she said. “We can do more to make our town greener!” 1．The writer mentioned (提及) the gardening competition to ________. A．change her gardening projects B．express her interest in gardening C．discuss ways to get good prizes D．tell stories of gardening courses 2．Which is the most suitable for ________? A．Grass Houses B．Farming Instructions C．Vegetable Gardens D．Gardening Experiences 3．Which of the following is the correct order of the story? a. Julie helped find a perfect place for gardening. b. The writer explained the green farm project. c. Julie and the writer posted letters to neighbours. d. Julie and the writer were busy choosing the courses. e. Old pavements were covered with grass for kids to play on. A．d-a-b-e-c B．d-b-a-c-e C．a-b-c-e-d D．a-d-b-c-e 4．According to the underlined sentence in the last paragraph, Julie and the writer may ________. A．find more open spaces to plant grass and vegetables B．hire out their green farms for parking and camping C．sell their grass and vegetables to the neighbourhood D．put up more signs to ask kids to have fun on the grass 阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。 Birds are building their nests (巢) with rubbish, said a new study. The rubbish includes cigarette butts (烟头) and plastic bags. A group of European scientists looked into about 35, 000 studies on bird nests. They found that birds have used man-made things in nests almost everywhere on Earth, not including Antarctica. Some rubbish seems to be helpful. This is why birds like putting it in their nests. For example, cigarette butts have some chemicals (化学物质), so they can keep insects away and protect their babies. Plastic bags are useful in keeping the animals warm, and other hard things, such as paper cards, can make nests stronger. However, in the end, human rubbish may only bring more harm to birds. The toxic (有毒的) chemicals in cigarettes hurt their babies. They may get sick or have shorter lives, according to a 2014 study. To make matters worse, if the cigarette still burns when the bird brings it back to its home, it may set fire to the nest. Pieces of fishing net may also trap birds, and it’s impossible for them to get out by themselves. If their babies eat other kinds of rubbish by accident, they will also get hurt. Birds are feeling the bad effects (影响) of humans polluting the environment. Nesting with danger Introduction A study shows that birds are using rubbish to 1 their nests. Rubbish items The rubbish includes cigarette butts, plastic bags and other hard things. The reason for it The things made by humans are almost all over the world 2 Antarctica. Uses of Rubbish * Cigarette butts can keep insects away and keep the chicks 3 . *Plastic bags can be 4 to keep the animals warm. *Paper cards can help birds have 5 nests. 6 effects *Toxic chemicals in cigarettes hurt baby birds and cause 7 or shorter lives. If the cigarettes burn, birds might 8 their lives. *Fishing net pieces trap birds, making birds have no 9 to get out. *Baby birds eating other rubbish may get hurt. *Birds are feeling the effects of 10 by humans. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 A green world 课时5 Integration ABC 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 according to prep. 依照，根据 desertification n. 沙漠化 hardly adv. 几乎不，几乎没有 single-use adj. 供一次使用的 damage n. 损坏，损失；损害 solar power n. 太阳能 句型 1. According to the United Nations, in the last 40years, desertification has been a problem across almost 30% of the earth's land. 根据联合国的数据，在过去的40年里，地球上近30%的土地都存在荒漠化问题。 2. In 1997, China joined the UNCCD, an international agreement to fight desertification . 1997年，中国加入了防治荒漠化的国际公约《联合国防治荒漠化公约》。 3. China has made a great start in dealing with the problem of desertification. 中国在治理沙漠化问题上已经有了一个良好的开端。 4. All these efforts give us hope for a greener planet. 所有这些努力给了我们一个更绿色的星球的希望。 5. For example, we all have to separate our rubbish now so that more of it can be recycled . 例如，我们现在都必须把垃圾分开，以便更多的垃圾可以回收利用。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. ________ [dɪˌzɜ:tɪfɪˈkeɪʃn] n. 沙漠化 2. ________ [ˈhɑ:dli] adv. 几乎不，几乎没有 3. ________ [ˌsɪŋɡl ˈju:s] adj. 供一次使用的 4. ________ [ˈdæmɪdʒ] n. 损坏，损失；损害 【答案】desertification；hardly；single-use；damage 二、词组默写。 1. 覆盖地球近 30% 的陆地 _______________________ 2. 加入《联合国防治荒漠化公约》 ______________ 3. 防治荒漠化的协议 _______________________ 4. 减少沙漠面积 __________________ 5. 在…… 方面取得良好开端 _______________________6. 共同努力 ________________________ 7. 个人护理产品 _______________________ 8. 一次性塑料 ______________________ 9. 付费回收塑料瓶 _______________________ 10. 一个热门话题 ______________________ 11. 修复这种情况 _______________________ 12. 为更绿色的星球带来希望 __________________ 13. 赢得绿色城镇奖 _______________________ 14. 垃圾分类 ________________________ 15. 像太阳能这样的清洁能源 ______________________ 16. 处理废水的新系统 ______________________ 【答案】1. across almost 30% of the earth’s land；2. join the UNCCD；3. an agreement to fight desertification；4. reduce its desert area；5. make a great start in ...；6. work together；7. personal care products；8. single-use plastics；9. pay to recycle plastic bottles；10. a big topic；11. fix this situation；12. give us hope for a greener planet；13. win a Green Town award；14. separate rubbish；15. clean energy like solar power；16. new systems to deal with the wastewater 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 根据联合国的数据，在过去的40年里，地球上近30%的土地都存在荒漠化问题。 ______ ______ the United Nations, in the last 40years, desertification has been a problem across almost 30% of the earth's land. 2. 1997年，中国加入了防治荒漠化的国际公约《联合国防治荒漠化公约》。 In 1997, China joined the UNCCD, ______ ______ ______ to fight desertification. 3. 中国在治理沙漠化问题上已经有了一个良好的开端。 China has ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ dealing with the problem of desertification. 4. 所有这些努力给了我们一个更绿色的星球的希望。 All these efforts ______ ______ ______ ______ a greener planet. 5. 例如，我们现在都必须把垃圾分开，以便更多的垃圾可以回收利用。 For example, we all have to separate our rubbish now ______ ______ more of it can ______ ______. 【答案】1. According to；2. an international agreement；3. made a great start in；4. give us hope for；5. so that; be recycled 四、根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空格处填入一个适当的词使短文完整。 For thousands of years, bamboo has been used to make food, houses, paper and even musical instruments. Now, bamboo is stepping into a new role—replacing (替代) p 1 ! Every year, the world creates about 400 million tons of plastic waste. To solve the problem, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong and Anhui provinces have used bamboo as an environmentally f 2 replacement. Anji county (县) in Zhejiang province is a good e 3 . It covers 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests. Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products. “When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were q 4 common,” said Bai Xia, a local in Anji. Bai said that bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is u 5 in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county. “These bamboo-based bags can break down within three months and yet they are stronger than plastic bags,” she a 6 . Kindergartens in Anji have also used bamboo-made toys for children, including toy bricks (积木) and models. Bamboo grows really fast. W 7 trees take more than 10 years to grow big, bamboo only needs four to six years. This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new o 8 . It’s said that Anji p 9 between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year. Using bamboo i 10 of plastic helps the local community a lot. As around 1,000 companies take part in the industry in Anji, bamboo has become more important to the county’s economy. 【答案】 1．(p)lastic 2．(f)riendly 3．(e)xample 4．(q)uite 5．(u)sed 6．(a)dded 7．(W)hile 8．(o)nes 9．(p)roduces 10．(i)nstead 【导语】本文主要讲述竹子作为塑料的环保替代品在不同领域的应用及其优势。 1．句意：现在，竹子正在扮演新角色——替代塑料！根据下文“Using bamboo…of plastic helps the local community a lot.”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指替代塑料，plastic“塑料”。故填(p)lastic。 2．句意：为了解决这个问题，浙江、福建、四川、广东和安徽省都使用竹子作为环保替代品。environmentally friendly“环保的”，是固定搭配。故填(f)riendly。 3．句意：浙江安吉县是一个好例子。a good example“一个好例子”，是固定搭配。故填(e)xample。 4．句意：小时候，竹编篮子和椅子非常常见。根据“When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were… common”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指竹编篮子和椅子非常常见，quite“相当”。故填(q)uite。 5．句意：白说，该县300多家餐馆和酒店使用竹制餐具。根据“bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is…in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指使用竹制餐具，use“使用”，用过去分词形式，构成被动语态。故填(u)sed。 6．句意：她补充道：“这些竹制袋子可以在三个月内分解，但它们比塑料袋更坚固。”根据上“…said Bai Xia”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指补充的内容，add“补充道”，此处表示过去的事情，应填added。故填(a)dded。 7．句意：虽然树木需要10多年生长，竹子仅需4到6年。前后句对比关系，while“而”符合。故填(W)hile。 8．句意：这意味着人们可以在不种植新植物的情况下获得许多收成。根据“This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new…”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指无需种植新的竹子，用ones指代。故填(o)nes。 9．句意：据说安吉每年生产40万至50万吨竹子。根据“between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指产量，produce“生产”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“Anji”，用三单形式。故填(p)roduces。 10．句意：用竹子代替塑料对当地社区帮助很大。根据上文“Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products.”可知，此处指用竹子代替塑料，instead of“代替”，是固定搭配。故填(i)nstead。 五、语法填空。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was 8 o’clock on the recycling day. Jenna and her father 1 (collect) recyclable things. Her father advised her 2 (put) the empty box and the old magazines in the recycling bag. “Dad, do you know that we can reuse most of these things, 3 (include) magazines?” asked Jenna. “How so?” her father questioned. “Well, we can donate the old magazines to the library. And this empty paper box can 4 (use) for art projects,” she replied. “I understand your new thinking, Jenna,” said her dad. “But I want you to put them in this recycling bag with all the other paper things 5 that’s the way we have always done it.” “Dad! At the recycling center, they taught us to reuse,” Jenna explained as she tied the magazines together with a string (绳子). “I don’t like 6 idea of giving away our old magazines to other people,” said her dad. “But when we reuse, we also reduce waste!” said Jenna. “And when we reduce, the recycling center 7 (not get) too full of material. If every family reduces waste, we can make a big 8 (different).” “Oh, alright then,” her dad accepted 9 a smile. “Put the magazines by the front door. We can drop them off at the library on the way to the recycling center.” “Great!” Jenna 10 (cheer). “Let’s see what else we can find to reuse.” 【答案】 1．were collecting 2．to put 3．including 4．be used 5．because/as/since 6．the 7．doesn’t get/won’t get 8．difference 9．with 10．cheered 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Jenna和父亲在回收日讨论如何更好地重复利用可回收物品的故事。 1．句意：Jenna和她的父亲正在收集可回收物品。根据上文“It was 8 o’clock on the recycling day.”可知，此处描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时，主语为“Jenna and her father”，谓语结构为were doing。故填were collecting。 2．句意：她的父亲建议她把空盒子和旧杂志放进回收袋。advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，为固定短语。故填to put。 3．句意：爸爸，你知道我们可以重复利用大多数这些东西，包括杂志吗？“can reuse”已作谓语，此处用介词短语作状语，介词including“包括”符合语境。故填including。 4．句意：并且这个空纸盒可以用于艺术项目。主语“empty paper box”和use“使用”是被动关系，此处应用含有情态动词can的被动语态，结构为can be done。故填be used。 5．句意：但我想让你把它们和其他纸质物品一起放进这个回收袋，因为这是我们一直以来的做法。前后句是因果关系，前果后因，可用because/as/since引导原因状语从句。故填because/as/since。 6．句意：“我不喜欢把我们的旧杂志送给别人的想法，”她爸爸说。根据上文“Well, we can donate the old magazines to the library.”可知，把旧杂志送人的想法已提及一次，此处是第二次提及，应用定冠词the表特指。故填the。 7．句意：而且当我们减少时，回收中心就没有/不会有太多材料了。分析句子可知，when引导时间状语从句，此处可以是描述一般事实，主从句都用一般现在时，主语“the recycling center”是第三人称单数，否定助动词用doesn’t，后接动词原形get；也可以描述将来的情况，遵循“主将从现”的原则，空格所在句是主句，应用一般将来时的will do结构，will not缩写为won’t。故填doesn’t get/won’t get。 8．句意：如果每个家庭都减少垃圾，我们就能带来巨大的改变。make a difference“有作用或影响”，为固定短语。故填difference。 9．句意：“哦，那好吧，”她的爸爸微笑着接受了。根据“her dad accepted...a smile”可知，此处指接受时脸上带着微笑，应用介词with表伴随。故填with。 10．句意：“太好了！”Jenna欢呼道。全文用一般过去时讲述过去发生的事情，此处谓语动词用过去式cheered。故填cheered。 六、阅读还原。 阅读以下内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项是多余的。 A carbon footprint (碳足迹) is the total number of greenhouse gases (温室气体) that are produced by our actions. A person’s carbon footprint in the United States is 16 tons, one of the highest in the world. To avoid a 2℃ rise in earth’s temperatures, the carbon footprint per year needs to drop to under 2 tons by 2050. 1 So here are some simple steps we can take to help. Look at what you’re eating Eating more vegetables and fruits and less meat is surely good for our environment. 2 Eating less meat can reduce your carbon footprint by up to 500 kilograms of CO2 per year. Save energy at home Much of the home energy is powered by coal, oil and gas. Try to use less energy by washing your clothes with cold water. 3 For example, you can put in solar panels (太阳能板) to collect energy from the sun for your home. Walk, bike or take public transport The world’s roadways are full of traffic, and most of them are polluting the air. Walking or riding a bike instead of driving will reduce greenhouse gas. 4 For longer trips, choosing public transport will be better. Reduce, reuse and recycle Buying things that are well made can go a long way to reducing the number of waste one produces. 5 Of course, if you can’t reuse something, you can also try to recycle it. A．Another terrible fact is that much food is wasted. B．It will also do harm to your health and fitness. C．Choose to use energy from the sun and wind if possible. D．If you really need a car, why not choose an electric (用电的) one? E．It’s not easy to lower the carbon footprints from 16 tons to 2 tons. F．This is because producing foods made from plants needs less energy. G．If you don’t want something anymore, give it away or try to reuse it. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．C 4．D 5．G 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何减少碳足迹。 1．根据“To avoid a 2℃ rise in earth’s temperatures, the carbon footprint per year needs to drop to under 2 tons by 2050.”以及“So here are some simple steps we can take to help.”结合备选选项可知，此处应说明减少碳足迹并非容易的，因此E项“将碳足迹从16吨降低到2吨并不容易。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“Eating more vegetables and fruits and less meat is surely good for our environment.”结合备选选项可知，多吃蔬菜少吃肉对环境有好处，接下来应介绍其原因，因此F项“这是因为用植物制造食物需要更少的能量。”符合语境。故选F。 3．根据“For example, you can put in solar panels (太阳能板) to collect energy from the sun for your home.”结合备选选项可知，此处应介绍使用太阳能，因此C项“如果可能的话，选择使用太阳能和风能。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“Walking or riding a bike instead of driving will reduce greenhouse gas.”结合备选选项可知，此处应介绍交通工具相关的内容，因此D项“如果你真的需要一辆车，为什么不选择一辆电动的呢？”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“Of course, if you can’t reuse something, you can also try to recycle it.”结合备选选项可知，此处应介绍重复利用，因此G项“如果你不想要什么东西了，就把它送人或者试着重新利用它。”符合语境。故选G。 七、完形填空。 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Our topic today is about a European country, Switzerland. With high mountains and clean blue lakes, it looks beautiful . In Switzerland, things such as glass, plastic and paper are separated 1 different groups and then recycled. Even old clothes and shoes 2 be recycled. An organization 3 old clothes from all over the country. Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given to the poor, and 4 are sent to factories for recycling. The government has many laws to protect the environment. 5 , you are not allowed to cut down trees. You must obey the rule. 6 , you will be punished. If you drop litter in a public place, you will be fined by the police. There are also laws to 7 air and water pollution. Nature is our greatest treasure. We 8 its rich resources to live, so it is important for us to protect it 9 . Luckily, we are starting to use energy from the sun, wind and water. These new types of energy 10 very little and will never run out. Moreover, they produce little pollution. 1．A．into B．with C．for D．in 2．A．should B．can C．must D．will 3．A．buys B．cleans C．collects D．studies 4．A．other B．another C．the other D．others 5．A．Such as B．For example C．One example D．like 6．A．However B．Instead C．Otherwise D．Moreover 7．A．limit B．produce C．avoid D．develop 8．A．prepare for B．connect to C．carry on D．depend on 9．A．easily B．wisely C．slowly D．carelessly 10．A．spend B．pay C．take D．cost 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述欧洲国家瑞士采取了哪些措施来保护环境。 1．句意：在瑞士，像玻璃、塑料和纸张这样的东西被分成不同的组，然后回收利用。 into成为……的一部分；with和……在一起；for为了；in在……内。separate into是固定搭配，表示“分成”。故选A。 2．句意：即使是旧衣服和旧鞋子也可以被回收利用。 should“应该”,表示建议；can“可以”,表示能力；must“必须”,表示命令；will“将会”,表示打算。本句是强调能力，旧衣服和旧鞋子也可以被回收利用。故选B。 3．句意：一个组织收集来自全国各地的旧衣服。 buy买；clean清洁；collect收集；study学习。根据“Some of the clothes are...for recycling.”可知，旧衣服被送到不同的地方之前，要有个收集旧衣服的过程。故选C。 4．句意：一些衣服在慈善商店出售，一些送给穷人，剩下的被送到工厂回收。 other“其他的，另外的”，泛指另一个、另一些；another的泛指（指三者或三者以上中的）另一个；the other表（两者中的）另一个；others 泛指别的、其他的。根据“Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given to the poor...”可知，这里是泛指剩下的衣服。故选D。 5．句意：例如，你不允许砍伐树木。 Such as表示“例如”，只能放于句中，不能独立成句；For example表示“例如”，作为插入语，可独立成句，用逗号隔开；One example一个例子 ；like像。“你不允许砍伐树木”是保护环境的一个例子。故选B。 6．句意：否则，你将受到惩罚。 however“然而，可是”，用来对比或者反驳一个想法；instead相反；otherwise“否则，不然”，强调如果一个命令或建议没有被遵从，那么后果将和最初的预期不一样；moreover此外，而且。根据“You must obey the rule”可知，不遵守就会受到惩罚。故选C。 7．句意：也有限制空气和水污染的法律。 limit限制；produce生产；avoid防止，避免；develop发展。根据“The government has many laws to protect the environment.”可知，政府出台了很多保护环境的法律，也有限制空气和水污染的法律。故选A。 8．句意：我们依靠它丰富的资源生存，所以明智地保护它对我们来说很重要。 prepare for准备；connect to相连；carry on坚持；depend on依靠。根据“Nature is our greatest treasure.”可知，大自然是我们最大的财富，我们依靠大自然生存。故选D。 9．句意：我们依靠它丰富的资源生存，所以明智地保护它对我们来说很重要。 easily容易地；wisely 明智地；slowly缓慢地；carelessly粗心地。根据“These new types of energy...very little and will never run out.”可知，我们采用新能源来保护环境，这些新型能源的成本很低，而且用之不竭，这么做是很明智的。故选B。 10．句意：这些新型能源的成本很低，而且用之不竭。 spend 表示 “花费”，主语为“人”；pay 表示“支付，付钱”，主语为“人”；take 表示“花费”，主语为形式主语“It”或“物”；cost 表示“花费”，主语为“物”。根据“These new types of energy”可知，主语为“物”。故选D。 八、阅读理解。 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 My friend Julie and I are crazy about creating (创建) a beautiful green town. Gardening Course Every September, our city has a special festival. Crowds of happy people go to the park. That’s because the gardening competition takes place there. For Julie and me, it was a pity that we couldn’t take part in the gardening competition, for that was also the first day of our high school. We were busy choosing courses. We wanted to learn all about plants, gardening and farming. We thought it would help us succeed as gardeners. Project presentation After a year’s study, I decided to give a talk to my class about my project—the green farm. “Good morning!” I said, “During my studies, I’ve learned a lot about city farming. Now, I want to do something with what I’ve learned.” I showed them a small plastic model. “This is the high street of our town. This is an old, nine-floor car park. No one has used it for the last two years and it’s now for sale.” “I’ve designed a city farm using the car park building. There will be eight floors to farm fruit and vegetables. This design can help us collect rainwater to wet the soil. And we can also use energy from the sun to power the special growing lights.” “I will hire (租) the space out to local people and they will sell everything good enough for the environment in local shops. Also, the ninth floor will be for those who want to grow their own plants.” My audience looked interested and my project got the highest marks in my class. Later, Julie helped me search the town for the perfect place for gardening—somewhere that was not the best neighbourhood, but a poor one. One where the road was full of holes and the pavement (人行道) was all broken came into our eyes. At last, we made it. In the neighbourhood, we posted letters through people’s doors with gardening instructions. More and more people cared about that and began to plant vegetable gardens. Then in the same neighbourhood, we put grass over those broken old pavements for the kids to play on. Finally, we put up a sign that said, “Have fun here.” When we finished, we were both covered in soil and completely tired. But Julie put an arm around my shoulders and smiled. “Not bad!” she said. “We can do more to make our town greener!” 1．The writer mentioned (提及) the gardening competition to ________. A．change her gardening projects B．express her interest in gardening C．discuss ways to get good prizes D．tell stories of gardening courses 2．Which is the most suitable for ________? A．Grass Houses B．Farming Instructions C．Vegetable Gardens D．Gardening Experiences 3．Which of the following is the correct order of the story? a. Julie helped find a perfect place for gardening. b. The writer explained the green farm project. c. Julie and the writer posted letters to neighbours. d. Julie and the writer were busy choosing the courses. e. Old pavements were covered with grass for kids to play on. A．d-a-b-e-c B．d-b-a-c-e C．a-b-c-e-d D．a-d-b-c-e 4．According to the underlined sentence in the last paragraph, Julie and the writer may ________. A．find more open spaces to plant grass and vegetables B．hire out their green farms for parking and camping C．sell their grass and vegetables to the neighbourhood D．put up more signs to ask kids to have fun on the grass 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章说明了作者和好友朱莉痴迷于创建一个美丽的绿色城镇，并详细叙述了她们为创建绿色城镇所做的努力。 1．细节理解题。根据“My friend Julie and I are crazy about creating a beautiful green town”和“For Julie and me, it was a pity that we couldn’t take part in the gardening competition, for that was also the first day of our high school”可知，作者和朱莉痴迷于创建一个美丽的绿色城镇，但因为她们要上高中，所以不能参加园艺比赛，作者提到园艺比赛是为了表达她对园艺的兴趣。故选B。 2．最佳标题题。根据“Later, Julie helped me search the town for the perfect place for gardening...In the neighbourhood, we posted letters through people’s doors with gardening instructions...Then in the same neighbourhood, we put grass over those broken old pavements for the kids to play on... ”可知，本文主要讲述了作者和朱莉创建绿色城镇的经历，选项D“园艺经历”最符合文章主旨。故选D。 3．篇章结构题。根据“We were busy choosing courses”可知，朱莉和作者忙着选课，d排在第一位；根据“After a year’s study, I decided to give a talk to my class about my project—the green farm”可知，作者解释了绿色农场项目，b排在第二位；根据“Later, Julie helped me search the town for the perfect place for gardening”可知，朱莉帮忙找到了一个园艺的好地方，a排在第三位；根据“In the neighbourhood, we posted letters through people’s doors with gardening instructions”可知，朱莉和作者给邻居们寄信，c排在第四位；根据“Then in the same neighbourhood, we put grass over those broken old pavements for the kids to play on”可知，旧人行道铺上了草，供孩子们玩耍，e排在第五位。因此，正确的顺序是d-b-a-c-e。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“We can do more to make our town greener”可推测，朱莉和作者可能会找到更多的空地来种植草和蔬菜，以使她们的城镇更加绿色。故选A。 阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。 Birds are building their nests (巢) with rubbish, said a new study. The rubbish includes cigarette butts (烟头) and plastic bags. A group of European scientists looked into about 35, 000 studies on bird nests. They found that birds have used man-made things in nests almost everywhere on Earth, not including Antarctica. Some rubbish seems to be helpful. This is why birds like putting it in their nests. For example, cigarette butts have some chemicals (化学物质), so they can keep insects away and protect their babies. Plastic bags are useful in keeping the animals warm, and other hard things, such as paper cards, can make nests stronger. However, in the end, human rubbish may only bring more harm to birds. The toxic (有毒的) chemicals in cigarettes hurt their babies. They may get sick or have shorter lives, according to a 2014 study. To make matters worse, if the cigarette still burns when the bird brings it back to its home, it may set fire to the nest. Pieces of fishing net may also trap birds, and it’s impossible for them to get out by themselves. If their babies eat other kinds of rubbish by accident, they will also get hurt. Birds are feeling the bad effects (影响) of humans polluting the environment. Nesting with danger Introduction A study shows that birds are using rubbish to 1 their nests. Rubbish items The rubbish includes cigarette butts, plastic bags and other hard things. The reason for it The things made by humans are almost all over the world 2 Antarctica. Uses of Rubbish * Cigarette butts can keep insects away and keep the chicks 3 . *Plastic bags can be 4 to keep the animals warm. *Paper cards can help birds have 5 nests. 6 effects *Toxic chemicals in cigarettes hurt baby birds and cause 7 or shorter lives. If the cigarettes burn, birds might 8 their lives. *Fishing net pieces trap birds, making birds have no 9 to get out. *Baby birds eating other rubbish may get hurt. *Birds are feeling the effects of 10 by humans. 【答案】 1．build 2．except 3．safe 4．used 5．stronger 6．Bad 7．illness 8．lose 9．chance 10．pollution 【导语】本文讲述了许多鸟类正在用人类的垃圾筑巢，一些垃圾看起来似乎有帮助，但是最后人类垃圾只会给鸟类带来更多的伤害。 1．根据第一段中“Birds are building their nests with rubbish, said a new study.”可知，一项研究表明，鸟类正在用垃圾筑巢，动词不定式后面接动词原形。故填build。 2．根据第二段中“They found that birds have used man-made things in nests almost everywhere on Earth, not including Antarctica.”可知，除了南极洲，人类制造的东西几乎遍布全世界。故填except。 3．根据第三段中“For example, cigarette butts have some chemicals, so they can keep insects away and protect their babies.”可知，烟头可以驱赶昆虫，保护小鸡的安全。故填safe。 4．根据第三段中“Plastic bags are useful in keeping the animals warm, and other hard things, such as paper cards, can make nests stronger.”可知，塑料袋可以用来给动物保暖。故填used。 5．根据第三段中“Plastic bags are useful in keeping the animals warm, and other hard things, such as paper cards, can make nests stronger.”可知，纸质卡片可以帮助鸟有更坚固的巢穴。故填stronger。 6．根据表格中“Toxic chemicals in cigarettes hurt baby birds and cause…or shorter lives.”可知，此处介绍的是鸟用垃圾筑巢造成的不好的影响。故填Bad。 7．根据第四段中“The toxic chemicals in cigarettes hurt their babies. They may get sick or have shorter lives, according to a 2014 study.”可知，香烟中的有毒化学物质伤害幼鸟，导致疾病或寿命缩短。故填illness。 8．根据第四段中“The toxic chemicals in cigarettes hurt their babies. They may get sick or have shorter lives, according to a 2014 study.”可知，如果香烟燃烧，鸟类可能会失去生命。故填lose。 9．根据最后一段中“Pieces of fishing net may also trap birds, and it’s impossible for them to get out by themselves.”可知，渔网片困住了鸟，使鸟没有机会出去。故填chance。 10．根据最后一段中“Birds are feeling the bad effects of humans polluting the environment.”可知，鸟类正在感受人类污染的影响。故填pollution。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $