精品解析：山东烟台市牟平区2025-2026学年度第二学期阶段质量检测（笔答题）初四英语

2025-2026学年度第二学期期中质量检测（笔答题） 初四英语 （100分钟，满分90分） 温馨提示 1．本试卷共8页，满分90分；考试时间100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2．答题前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3．选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 4．非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5．写在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Looking for a gift for your friends? Here are some nice tech products that your friends will enjoy. Milko 3 Smart Robot Price: $249 This smart robot is a fun and interactive gift. It can play games, dance to music, and even help with learning subjects like math and science. It’s a great companion (伙伴) for anyone. Kindle Paperwhite Price: $98 The Kindle Paperwhite is an excellent gift, especially for book lovers. It’s light and easy to carry around. What’s more, it can hold thousands of e-books and looks just like real paper. 3-D Printing Pen Price: $130 With the 3-D Printing Pen, anyone can be an imaginative artist and create something amazing. The pen heats up the colourful plastic to make it soft, so you can use it to “draw” 3-D models. The 3-D Printing Pen shares a similar principle with the 3-D printer, but it costs much less. Rocketbook Smart Reusable Notebook Price: $35 This smart notebook comes with a special pen and it has the feel of a common pen and paper. After writing a full page, you can upload your notes to the cloud so you can check them anytime. Then, you can erase the writing with a damp cloth and keep writing on it. 1. Who might benefit most from the Kindle Paperwhite if they often travel and have limited space for physical books? A. Susan, who loves reading and often takes long flights. B. David, who wants to learn to draw and needs a digital canvas. C. Peter, who needs to take notes in class and share them online. D. Jane, who would like to create something amazing with 3D models. 2. What advantage does the 3-D Printing Pen have compared to the 3-D printer? A. It’s safer. B. It’s lighter. C. It costs less. D. It’s easier to use. 3. Which of the following is TRUE about the Rocketbook Smart Reusable Notebook? A. It can save your notes by itself. B. You can write on it with any pen. C. You can write on it over and over again. D. You can use an eraser to clean up your notes. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四款适合送给朋友的科技产品及其特点。 【1题详解】 Kindle Paperwhite提到“It’s light and easy to carry around. What’s more, it can hold thousands of e-books...”，说明该产品轻便易携且能存储大量电子书，适合经常旅行、携带实体书不便的阅读爱好者，因此热爱阅读且经常长途飞行的Susan最能受益。 【2题详解】 3-D Printing Pen提到“The 3-D Printing Pen shares a similar principle with the 3-D printer, but it costs much less.”，直接说明其价格更低。 【3题详解】 Rocketbook提到“you can erase the writing with a damp cloth and keep writing on it.”，说明它可以反复书写。 B From different TV programs or books about ancient times, we can often hear titles like quanzi and kaimo. In fact, they are so popular that people regard them as part of ancient Chinese history and culture. What do these Chinese titles refer to? Have you ever wondered what the stories behind these titles are? Chinese people in the past or even sometimes today call their sons quanzi. When Chinese parents use quanzi to refer to their sons, they are being modest (谦逊的). Although most parents do think their children are successful, they try to belittle them in front of other people. This is similar to how some rich Chinese people call their big houses hanshe, which means “my poor home”. Although people are modest about themselves, they respect others a lot. They call their own sons quanzi, but call others’ sons linglang, a respectful way to say “your son”. In Chinese, kaimo means the “role model”. Both of these Chinese characters have a “木” on their left side. People believe that kai and mo were two kinds of trees in ancient China. It was said that there were many kai trees growing near Confucius’ tomb (墓). The kai trees were so straight that they made people think of Confucius’ character—straight and honest. People believed that the mo trees grew near the tomb of the Duke of Zhou. Similarly, the color of the mo tree’s leaves made the tree a symbol of integrity (正直). Since the kai and mo trees grew near the tombs of the two respected people, kaimo was then used to refer to role models. 4. Ancient Chinese used the title ________ to introduce their son to others in a modest way. A. quanzi B. kaimo C. hanshe D. linglang 5. What does the underlined word “belittle” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Push sb. to move quickly. B. Provide sb. with some advice. C. Make sb. seem unimportant. D. Give sb. some encouragement. 6. Which of the following about kaimo is NOT true? A. It refers to the role models. B. It’s from the kai and mo trees. C. We can use it to describe honest people. D. We see it as a symbol of modesty. 7. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The importance of ancient Chinese culture. B. The meanings of different Chinese titles. C. The stories about Confucius and the Duke of Zhou. D. The ways of being a straight and honest person. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国古代一些称谓的含义、用法及其背后的文化内涵。 【4题详解】 第二段提到“Chinese people in the past or even sometimes today call their sons quanzi. When Chinese parents use quanzi to refer to their sons, they are being modest”，说明了“quanzi”是古人介绍自家儿子时的谦称。 【5题详解】 第二段“Although most parents do think their children are successful, they try to belittle them in front of other people”中，“Although”引导让步状语从句，从句部分说明父母内心认为孩子很优秀，主句部分则表示他们在他人面前会做出与内心想法相反的行为。结合前文“being modest”这一语境，这种相反的行为就是为了表现谦逊，刻意弱化孩子的优势，因此“belittle”意为贬低、使显得不重要。 【6题详解】 第三段提到“In Chinese, kaimo means the ‘role model’...It was said that there were many kai trees growing near Confucius’ tomb (墓)...People believed that the mo trees grew near the tomb of the Duke of Zhou...made the tree a symbol of integrity (正直).”，可知“kaimo”意为“榜样”，源自孔子与周公墓旁的楷、模二树，象征正直品格，全文未提及它是谦逊的象征，因此D选项表述错误。 【7题详解】 全文围绕“quanzi”“kaimo”等称谓，分别解释了它们的含义、用法与文化来源，因此文章主旨在于介绍不同汉语称谓的含义。 C In English classes, we spend a large amount of time studying grammar and learning new words. We work hard to improve our reading and listening skills. Few of us, however, pay enough attention to body language. So body language is not important, is it? The answer is, “Yes!” As the old saying goes, “Actions speak louder than words.” Sometimes, we can communicate things even without a single word. For example, shrugging (耸肩) our shoulders, and, without a word, we’ve just said, “I don’t know.” Body language can help us stress what we are saying. It can help us express our true inner feelings. Moreover, body language can help us find out if someone is lying. Often, people who are lying do not make eye contact (接触). They may turn away or raise their shoulders because they are uncomfortable with the conversation. In job interviews, the interviewers can sometimes size up the interviewee before he or she speaks. Body language is important in our personal lives, too. It can show if you really care about your friends. Leaning (倾斜) forward into the conversation, for example, means you are interested in what is being said. Listening without making eye contact means you are not paying attention but are waiting for your turn to speak. Scientists have been studying body language for a long time. They say more than 70 per cent of our messages are delivered through body language. Sometimes, body language is more exact than the words we use. So it is very important for us to learn body language. By understanding body language, we are less likely to be misunderstood. We will find it easier to get a job. We will also have lasting friendships. 8. The writer mentioned the old saying “Actions speak louder than words.” in order to show that ________. A. body language is important in communication B. it is impossible for us to communicate without using words C. we don’t need to speak when communicating with other people D. what you have said is more important than what you have done 9. According to the article, people who are lying may ________. A. sit still B. lean forward C. avoid eye contact D. shrug their shoulders 10. According to the passage, body language can help us do all the following except ________. A. do well in a job interview B. lie without being noticed C. prevent misunderstandings D. show we care about our friends 11. By writing this article, the writer mainly wants to ________. A. help readers improve their language skills B. teach readers to understand body language C. show readers how to find out if someone is lying D. tell readers it is important to learn body language 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，旨在强调肢体语言在人际沟通中的重要作用。 【8题详解】 第二段引用谚语“Actions speak louder than words.”（行动胜于雄辩），并举例“耸肩”表示“我不知道”，是为了证明肢体动作本身就是一种有效的沟通方式，从而引出肢体语言的重要性。这与A选项“body language is important in communication”的意思一致。 【9题详解】 根据文章第三段“Often, people who are lying do not make eye contact”（通常，说谎的人不会进行眼神交流），可以推断出说谎者可能会避免眼神接触。这与C选项“avoid eye contact”相符。“raise their shoulders”（抬起肩膀），而“shrug their shoulders”（耸肩） 是文章第二段提到的，用来表示“我不知道”的日常沟通动作，并不是说谎的特征。排除D。 【10题详解】 文章提到肢体语言可以帮助我们在面试中表现更好（do well in a job interview）、减少误解（prevent misunderstandings）以及展示对朋友的关心（show we care about our friends）。但文中说的是肢体语言能帮我们“发现”谎言，而不是帮助我们“说谎而不被发现”（lie without being noticed）。因此，B选项是文中未提及的。 【11题详解】 全文围绕肢体语言的重要性展开，从沟通、识破谎言、面试到个人生活，最后总结“it is very important for us to learn body language”（学习肢体语言对我们来说非常重要）。因此，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是告诉读者学习肢体语言的重要性，这与D选项“tell readers it is important to learn body language”相符。 D On the days when the weather is fine, Legerena Wagner drives 45 minutes to a water station in Sweetwater, the Navajo Nation. She goes there to fill her water containers. Back home, Wagner and her family use the water carefully. Wagner is one of more than two million Americans who do not have running water at home. Most of these people are local Americans. They don’t have the money to buy new water systems. The Navajo Nation is the largest Local American community in the United States. Water has long been thought of as a luxury (奢侈品) there. About 300,000 people live in the Navajo Nation. One-third of them do not have running water. They cannot use water at a sink (水槽) or flush toilets (抽水马桶) at home. In Sweetwater, the spring water was famous for its natural taste. Now, many of the springs have dried up. The local people say this is a result of climate change. Using oil and natural gas has caused the Earth to become warmer. Rising temperatures could result in more dry weather in some areas, such as the Navajo Nation. Those without running water in the Navajo Nation have to drive long distances to a well or a water station to get water. That water, however, might be unsafe. Some water sources have been polluted. Sometimes, people buy bottled water from a store that is an hour’s drive away. Wagner is worried that many people in other places are still wasting lots of water every day. “Water is life,” she said. “We must not waste water, or water shortages will become more and more serious.” 12. Many local Americans don’t have running water at home because ________. A. they can’t afford new water systems B. they live in small communities C. they don’t know how to use water systems D. they prefer to get water from wells 13. How many people living in the Navajo Nation don’t have running water? A. About 100,000. B. About 200,000. C. About 300,000. D. About two million. 14. Local people in the Navajo Nation are facing all the following problems except that _________. A. the water station is quite far away from their homes B. there is not enough water in the wells or the water stations C. many of the springs have dried up because of climate change D. the water they get from the water station might have been polluted 15. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Wagner is hopeful about water shortages. B. People in other places should learn to save water. C. Water shortages will become less serious soon. D. Bottled water is the best choice for Navajo people. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕美国纳瓦霍族的饮水困境展开。 【12题详解】 文中第二段提到“Most of these people are local Americans. They don’t have the money to buy new water systems.”，说明许多当地美国人家里没有自来水是因为他们买不起新的供水系统。A选项“they can’t afford new water systems”符合文意。 【13题详解】 由文中第三段提到“About 300,000 people live in the Navajo Nation. One-third of them do not have running water.”可知，住在纳瓦霍族的人口约30万，三分之一没有自来水，即300000×1/3 = 100000人，所以选A。 【14题详解】 A选项，文中“Those without running water in the Navajo Nation have to drive long distances to a well or a water station to get water.”表明水站离他们家很远，A选项正确；B选项，文中未提及井或水站的水不够；C选项，文中“many of the springs have dried up. The local people say this is a result of climate change.”说明很多泉水因气候变化干涸，C选项正确；D选项，文中“That water, however, might be unsafe. Some water sources have been polluted.”指出从水站获取的水可能被污染，D选项正确。所以选B。 【15题详解】 最后一段“Wagner is worried that many people in other places are still wasting lots of water every day. ‘Water is life,’ she said. ‘We must not waste water, or water shortages will become more and more serious.’”表明Wagner担心其他人浪费水，强调不能浪费水，否则水资源短缺会更严重，由此可推断出其他地方的人应该学会节约用水，B选项正确。 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） E First-grade students at a primary school in Houston got a look at their future through AI. Their teacher Sadiya Ishaq used Deepseek to turn the children’s dream jobs into pictures of what the students might look like in the future. ____16____ One student said she wanted to be someone who works underwater, because she wanted to explore the sea. Another one dreamed of becoming a YouTuber. He said he was always interested in making videos. At first, the children wrote down their dream jobs in a book and drew pictures of themselves as nurses, engineers and artists. ____17____ She took a photo of each of her students, and put it into AI in Deepseek. Finally, she successfully made pictures of her students in the future for them. The project was inspired by a social media project called “career doll”. ____18____ For Ishaq, who has been teaching for 10 years, the project serves a deeper purpose beyond just fun. She has wanted to help students have a role model when they are young. For parents, the project gave them a chance to see their children in a new light. Maya’s father, Noe, was touched when he saw his daughter’s picture as a police officer. He said, “My baby wants to be a police officer. ____19____” Young Hermes wants to be a doctor in the future. ____20____ When asked what he would do with his picture, he said he would keep it for the rest of his life. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有一项为多余选项。 A. The AI picture is important to him. B. She never mentioned it to me before! C. The students’ dream jobs were quite different. D. It meant a lot to teachers, students and parents. E. She couldn’t help crying when she saw her future self. F. And then their teacher Sadiya Ishaq took things one step further. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. D 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述休斯顿一所小学一年级老师利用AI工具，把孩子们的理想职业生成未来形象图片，这件事对老师、学生和家长都意义深远。 【16题详解】 根据“One student said she wanted to be someone who works underwater… Another one dreamed of becoming a YouTuber.”可知，学生们的理想职业各不相同。选项C“The students’ dream jobs were quite different.”符合语境。 【17题详解】 根据“the children wrote down their dream jobs… drew pictures of themselves”以及后文老师用AI制作图片可知，老师又进一步做了更多事。选项F“And then their teacher Sadiya Ishaq took things one step further.”符合语境。 【18题详解】 根据后文分别讲述对老师、学生、家长的意义可知，此处总说这个项目对三方都很有意义。选项D“It meant a lot to teachers, students and parents.”对后文进行总述。 【19题详解】 根据“My baby wants to be a police officer.”可知，爸爸之前不知道女儿的梦想。选项B“She never mentioned it to me before!”与前文呼应。 【20题详解】 根据“he would keep it for the rest of his life.”可知，这张AI照片对他很重要。选项A“The AI picture is important to him.”体现了照片的重要性。 第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As humans began taking longer trips into space, eating and storing food became an important problem. The first person to go to space, Yuri Gagarin, was also the first to ____21____ there. His meal wasn’t very ____22____ because the food was put in a metal tube like toothpaste. It didn’t look or taste very good, but it showed that humans could eat in ____23____. Later, American astronaut John Glenn discovered that eating in space was not as hard as people feared. However, there were only a few food ____24____ for them to choose from. Early astronauts had to eat small cubes of food, freeze-dried powders, and more food from tubes. They didn’t like the food ____25____ it looked strange. Also, small pieces of dry food could move around and ____26____ machines or even astronauts’ eyes. As space trips continued, space food was ____27____. In the 1960s and 1970s, astronauts could use hot water to prepare their meals and eat with spoons. Later, when space stations were built, ____28____ improved greatly. Today, astronauts on the International Space Station have many kinds of food—they have dishes such as rice, noodles, fish, and fruit. However, until recently, no one actually cooked real food in space. Cooking in space is dangerous because fire and heat do not work the same way as they do on Earth. In November 2025, the situation became ____29____ in China’s Tiangong Space Station. Astronauts there used a special machine to cook food for the first time. They made barbecued chicken wings and beef. The machine can heat food to 190°C. It also keeps oil from ____30____ and prevents smoke. This success means astronauts can now enjoy cooked meals in space. It will make life among planets a little warmer and more like home. 21. A. sleep B. walk C. talk D. eat 22. A. pleasant B. cold C. simple D. bad 23. A. suits B. rockets C. space D. air 24. A. habits B. choices C. styles D. sizes 25. A. or B. so C. but D. because 26. A. start up B. turn off C. get into D. keep back 27. A. stored B. designed C. improved D. reduced 28. A. conditions B. relationships C. skills D. ecosystems 29. A. different B. clear C. difficult D. boring 30. A. shining B. returning C. catching D. spreading 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了太空食品从早期管状糊状食物到如今在空间站真实现煮的发展历程，以及中国天宫空间站首次实现太空烹饪的突破。 【21题详解】 句意：第一个进入太空的人尤里·加加林也是第一个在那里吃饭的人。 上文提到吃和储存食物是重要问题，说明加加林是第一个“吃饭”的人，eat“吃饭”符合。sleep“睡觉”，walk“走路”，talk“说话”，均与食物问题无关。 【22题详解】 句意：他的食物不太可口。 下文食物装在金属管里像牙膏，说明“不好吃”，pleasant“令人愉快的，可口的”符合，且为否定形式not very pleasant。cold“冷的”，simple“简单的”，bad“坏的”，均与口感描述不符。 【23题详解】 句意：但它表明了人类可以在太空中进食。 上文在太空中吃饭，说明进食地点是“太空”，space“太空”符合。suits“套装”，rockets“火箭”，air“空气”，均与进食地点不符。 【24题详解】 句意：然而，只有少数食物选择可供他们挑选。 上文说约翰·格伦发现吃饭没那么难，但可选食物很少，说明只有少数“选择”，choices“选择”符合。habits“习惯”，styles“风格”，sizes“尺寸”，均与可选种类不符。 【25题详解】 句意：他们不喜欢这些食物，因为它们看起来奇怪。 前后句为因果关系，不喜欢“因为”奇怪，because“因为”符合。or“或者”表选择，so“所以”表结果，but“但是”表转折，均与因果逻辑不符。 【26题详解】 句意：干粮的小碎片可能会四处飘动，进入机器甚至宇航员的眼睛。 上文干粮碎片会飘动，说明会“进入”机器和眼睛，get into“进入”符合。start up“启动”，turn off“关闭”，keep back“阻止”，均与进入机器不符。 【27题详解】 句意：随着太空旅行的继续，太空食品得到了改进。 下文从用热水准备到种类增多，说明食品“改进”了，improved“改进”符合。stored“储存”，designed“设计”，reduced“减少”，均与进步不符。 【28题详解】 句意：后来，当空间站建成时，条件大大改善了。 上文技术发展，空间站建成后生活和工作“条件”改善，conditions“条件”符合。relationships“关系”，skills“技能”，ecosystems“生态系统”，均与太空生活条件不符。 【29题详解】 句意：2025年11月，中国天宫空间站的情况变得不同了。 下文首次用特殊机器烹饪，说明情况变得“不同”，different“不同的”符合。clear“清晰的”，difficult“困难的”，boring“无聊的”，均与突破性变化不符。 【30题详解】 句意：这台机器还能防止油飞溅，并阻止烟雾产生。 太空失重环境中，烹饪时油烟会飞溅漫延，说明机器能防止油“飞溅”，spreading“扩散，飞溅”符合。shining“闪耀”，returning“返回”，catching“抓住”，均与油的行为不符。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On May 18, 2025, a 51-year-old man named Kenton Cool did something ____31____ (amaze). He climbed Mount Qomolangma for the 19th time, breaking his own record for the most ascents (攀登) of the world’s highest mountain by a non-Sherpa (夏尔巴人，居住在喜马拉雅山脉的尼泊尔及中国边境地区的民族) guide, and he said he was already planning his next ascent. Mount Qomolangma is ____32____ (tall) mountain in the world. It is very cold and windy. The higher you go, the harder it is to breathe. Climbers must train for a long time and wear special clothes, and use tools ____33____ (stay) safe. Kenton Cool first climbed Qomolangma in 2004. Since then, he has climbed it almost every year. But he was unable to climb it in 2014 ____34____ the climbing season was canceled (取消) after 16 Sherpa guides ____35____ (kill) in an avalanche (雪崩). And again in 2015, another avalanche stopped his plan while he ____36____ (prepare) his equipment (装备) for the ascent. So far, only Nepali Sherpa guides have climbed Qomolangma more times than Cool. Mountaineering can be very dangerous. However, for many people, it is not just ____37____ exciting challenge, but it is also a sport. Some climbers try to break records, like climbing the most peaks, ____38____ (reach) the top without using oxygen (氧气), or climbing the fastest. Cool believes that success needs hard work, teamwork and strict ____39____ (train). These qualities play an important part in achieving great dreams, ____40____ on the mountain or in daily life. 【答案】31. amazing 32. the tallest 33. to stay 34. because 35. were killed 36. was preparing 37. an 38. reaching 39. training 40. whether 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了登山者肯顿・库尔第19次登顶珠峰、刷新登顶纪录的事迹，介绍了珠峰环境的艰险、他两次因故未能登山的经历，并阐述了登山运动的挑战以及成功所需具备的品质。 【31题详解】 句意：2025年5月18日，51岁的肯顿・库尔做了一件令人惊叹的事。形容词修饰不定代词something，用-ing形式amazing。 【32题详解】 句意：珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。根据“in the world”可知，此处用形容词最高级，tall的最高级是the tallest。 【33题详解】 句意：登山者必须长期训练、穿特制服装并使用工具来保障安全。此处作目的状语，用动词不定式to stay。 【34题详解】 句意：但2014年他没能登山，因为登山季被取消了。结合语境，前后句是因果关系，用连词because引导原因状语从句。 【35题详解】 句意：16名夏尔巴向导在雪崩中遇难。此处是过去发生的事情，且主语“guides”与“kill”是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，用were killed。 【36题详解】 句意：2015年又一场雪崩打断了他正在准备登山装备的计划。while引导从句用过去进行时was preparing。 【37题详解】 句意：对很多人来说，这不只是一项刺激的挑战。此处表泛指，exciting元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 【38题详解】 句意：有的登山者尝试破纪录，如登顶最多山峰、无氧登顶或最快登顶。根据“like climbing the most peaks”可知，此处是并列动名词结构，与climbing并列，用reaching。 【39题详解】 句意：库尔认为成功需要努力、团队合作和严格的训练。形容词strict，修饰名词，train的动名词是training。 【40题详解】 句意：这些品质对实现伟大梦想至关重要，无论是在山上还是日常生活中。whether…or…是固定用法，意为“无论……还是……”。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 The World Still Loves Dickens On June 9, 1870, Charles Dickens died at the age of 58. The next day, the New York Times headline read: “Great Novelist Dies… Mourned (哀悼) by the People of Two Continents (大洲).” The headline did not overstate his fame. Even today, the British novelist is loved by readers all over the world. Dickens created some of the most unforgettable characters in English literature. You must have heard of or even read some of his novels: Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol and A Tale of Two Cities. A Tale of Two Cities has sold more than 200 million copies. Since 1897, there have been over 300 film and TV adaptations (改编作品) of Dickens’s works. And A Christmas Carol alone has nearly 50 adaptations. Natalie McKnight is a literature professor who studies Dickens and his works. She explains why the novelist has remained so popular today. One important reason is that Dickens wrote from his heart and tried hard to draw readers’ minds. For example, A Christmas Carol was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society. People always enjoy works that make them laugh, cry and think. Many other 19th-century writers wrote entertaining works, but few of them worked as hard as Dickens to draw readers’ minds. Dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today. He used his pen to fight social unfairness and gave voice to the poor. His works led to many important social changes. Readers always enjoy seeing poor people rise and succeed. This June marks the 156th anniversary of Dickens’s death. It is a chance for us to remember this great writer again. Will you read or reread some of his famous works? 41. When was Charles Dickens born? ____________________________________________________________________________ 42. Why is Dickens still popular with readers all over the world today? (List one reason) ____________________________________________________________________________ 43. What was Dickens’ purpose in writing A Christmas Carol? ____________________________________________________________________________ 44. What is the main idea of this passage? ____________________________________________________________________________ 45. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. He was born in 1812. 42. Because Dickens wrote from his heart and tried hard to draw readers’ minds. 43. To make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society. 44. Introduce the great writer Charles Dickens and remind us of his famous works. 45. 他用他的笔对抗社会不公，并为穷人发声。他的作品导致了许多重要的社会变革。 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名作家狄更斯的生平故事和作品风格。 【41题详解】 根据第一段“On June 9, 1870, Charles Dickens died at the age of 58”，狄更斯在1870年，58岁时去世，说明他出生于1812年。 【42题详解】 由第三段“One important reason is that Dickens wrote from his heart and tried hard to draw readers’ minds”可知，狄更斯至今仍受读者欢迎是因为他用心写作，努力吸引读者的注意力。 【43题详解】 第三段明确指出“A Christmas Carol was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society”，答案是原文直接信息。 【44题详解】 本文主要围绕著名作家狄更斯展开，介绍了他的生平和主要作品。 【45题详解】 划线句子应翻译为“他用他的笔对抗社会不公，并为穷人发声。他的作品导致了许多重要的社会变革”。主语He表示他；used意为“使用”；宾语his pen指他的笔；不定式作目的状语， to fight social unfairness翻译为“对抗社会不公”；连词and连接并列句，意为“并且”；动词短语“gave voice to”，意为“为……发声”；第二个句子主语His works指他的作品，动词短语led to译为“导致”；many important social changes指许多重要的社会变革。 第二节 写作（满分20分） 46. 为响应“走进大自然”的校园倡议，你校英语报以“Let’s Get Close to Nature”为题征稿。请根据以下要点，结合自身经历写一篇英文短文投稿。 写作要点： 1．现状：周末或假期里学生常宅家或沉迷手机，很少走进自然； 2．你的做法及感受：介绍你在周末/假期亲近自然的具体活动； 并谈谈这些活动对你有什么影响（如放松心情等）。 3．号召并呼吁同学们走出家门，享受自然。 注意事项： 1．词数100词左右； 2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3．文中不得出现真实的个人姓名校名等信息。 Let’s Get Close to Nature To take part in the school activity “Get Close to Nature”, I’d like to share my ideas with you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文 Let’s Get Close to Nature To take part in the school activity “Get Close to Nature”, I’d like to share my ideas with you. Nowadays, many students stay at home or use mobile phones too much on weekends, and they seldom go outside to enjoy the beauty of nature. However, I often go to the park with my family. We walk along the lake, have a picnic on the grass and enjoy the fresh air and warm sunshine. These activities make me feel relaxed and happy, and they also help me forget my worries from school. Nature is wonderful and good for both our body and mind. So let’s go out more often, leave our phones behind and enjoy the beauty around us! 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文（倡议类投稿短文） 明确要点：描述学生周末/假期的普遍现状；分享自己亲近自然的具体做法与感受；发出走进自然的号召 确定人称：第一人称（I）和第一人称复数（we） 注意事项：词数100词左右；包含所有要点；可适当增加细节；不得出现真实姓名和校名 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：承接已给开头，引出话题 主体段：描述现状，分享自己的做法与感受 结尾段：发出倡议，号召同学们走进自然 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：开头引入（承接已给开头） 话题引入：To take part in the school activity “Get Close to Nature”, I’d like to share my ideas with you./As the school calls on us to get close to nature, I want to share my experience here. 要点二：学生现状描述 现状说明：Nowadays, many students stay at home or use mobile phones too much on weekends, and they seldom go outside to enjoy the beauty of nature./Many of us spend most of our weekends at home or on our phones, rarely going out to enjoy nature. 要点三：自己的做法与感受 做法介绍：However, I often go to the park with my family. We walk along the lake, have a picnic on the grass and enjoy the fresh air and warm sunshine./Instead of staying indoors, I often go hiking or visit the countryside with my parents. 感受与影响：These activities make me feel relaxed and happy, and they also help me forget my worries from school./Being in nature calms me down, makes me feel energetic and helps me forget my school stress. 要点四：结尾倡议与号召 观点表达：Nature is wonderful and good for both our body and mind./Spending time in nature is great for both our body and mind. 呼吁行动：So let’s go out more often, leave our phones behind and enjoy the beauty around us!/Let’s put down our phones, step outside and enjoy the beauty of nature together! 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度第二学期期中质量检测（笔答题） 初四英语 （100分钟，满分90分） 温馨提示 1．本试卷共8页，满分90分；考试时间100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2．答题前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3．选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 4．非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5．写在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Looking for a gift for your friends? Here are some nice tech products that your friends will enjoy. Milko 3 Smart Robot Price: $249 This smart robot is a fun and interactive gift. It can play games, dance to music, and even help with learning subjects like math and science. It’s a great companion (伙伴) for anyone. Kindle Paperwhite Price: $98 The Kindle Paperwhite is an excellent gift, especially for book lovers. It’s light and easy to carry around. What’s more, it can hold thousands of e-books and looks just like real paper. 3-D Printing Pen Price: $130 With the 3-D Printing Pen, anyone can be an imaginative artist and create something amazing. The pen heats up the colourful plastic to make it soft, so you can use it to “draw” 3-D models. The 3-D Printing Pen shares a similar principle with the 3-D printer, but it costs much less. Rocketbook Smart Reusable Notebook Price: $35 This smart notebook comes with a special pen and it has the feel of a common pen and paper. After writing a full page, you can upload your notes to the cloud so you can check them anytime. Then, you can erase the writing with a damp cloth and keep writing on it. 1. Who might benefit most from the Kindle Paperwhite if they often travel and have limited space for physical books? A. Susan, who loves reading and often takes long flights. B. David, who wants to learn to draw and needs a digital canvas. C. Peter, who needs to take notes in class and share them online. D. Jane, who would like to create something amazing with 3D models. 2. What advantage does the 3-D Printing Pen have compared to the 3-D printer? A. It’s safer. B. It’s lighter. C. It costs less. D. It’s easier to use. 3. Which of the following is TRUE about the Rocketbook Smart Reusable Notebook? A. It can save your notes by itself. B. You can write on it with any pen. C. You can write on it over and over again. D. You can use an eraser to clean up your notes. B From different TV programs or books about ancient times, we can often hear titles like quanzi and kaimo. In fact, they are so popular that people regard them as part of ancient Chinese history and culture. What do these Chinese titles refer to? Have you ever wondered what the stories behind these titles are? Chinese people in the past or even sometimes today call their sons quanzi. When Chinese parents use quanzi to refer to their sons, they are being modest (谦逊的). Although most parents do think their children are successful, they try to belittle them in front of other people. This is similar to how some rich Chinese people call their big houses hanshe, which means “my poor home”. Although people are modest about themselves, they respect others a lot. They call their own sons quanzi, but call others’ sons linglang, a respectful way to say “your son”. In Chinese, kaimo means the “role model”. Both of these Chinese characters have a “木” on their left side. People believe that kai and mo were two kinds of trees in ancient China. It was said that there were many kai trees growing near Confucius’ tomb (墓). The kai trees were so straight that they made people think of Confucius’ character—straight and honest. People believed that the mo trees grew near the tomb of the Duke of Zhou. Similarly, the color of the mo tree’s leaves made the tree a symbol of integrity (正直). Since the kai and mo trees grew near the tombs of the two respected people, kaimo was then used to refer to role models. 4. Ancient Chinese used the title ________ to introduce their son to others in a modest way. A. quanzi B. kaimo C. hanshe D. linglang 5. What does the underlined word “belittle” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Push sb. to move quickly. B. Provide sb. with some advice. C. Make sb. seem unimportant. D. Give sb. some encouragement. 6. Which of the following about kaimo is NOT true? A. It refers to the role models. B. It’s from the kai and mo trees. C. We can use it to describe honest people. D. We see it as a symbol of modesty. 7. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The importance of ancient Chinese culture. B. The meanings of different Chinese titles. C. The stories about Confucius and the Duke of Zhou. D. The ways of being a straight and honest person. C In English classes, we spend a large amount of time studying grammar and learning new words. We work hard to improve our reading and listening skills. Few of us, however, pay enough attention to body language. So body language is not important, is it? The answer is, “Yes!” As the old saying goes, “Actions speak louder than words.” Sometimes, we can communicate things even without a single word. For example, shrugging (耸肩) our shoulders, and, without a word, we’ve just said, “I don’t know.” Body language can help us stress what we are saying. It can help us express our true inner feelings. Moreover, body language can help us find out if someone is lying. Often, people who are lying do not make eye contact (接触). They may turn away or raise their shoulders because they are uncomfortable with the conversation. In job interviews, the interviewers can sometimes size up the interviewee before he or she speaks. Body language is important in our personal lives, too. It can show if you really care about your friends. Leaning (倾斜) forward into the conversation, for example, means you are interested in what is being said. Listening without making eye contact means you are not paying attention but are waiting for your turn to speak. Scientists have been studying body language for a long time. They say more than 70 per cent of our messages are delivered through body language. Sometimes, body language is more exact than the words we use. So it is very important for us to learn body language. By understanding body language, we are less likely to be misunderstood. We will find it easier to get a job. We will also have lasting friendships. 8. The writer mentioned the old saying “Actions speak louder than words.” in order to show that ________. A. body language is important in communication B. it is impossible for us to communicate without using words C. we don’t need to speak when communicating with other people D. what you have said is more important than what you have done 9. According to the article, people who are lying may ________. A. sit still B. lean forward C. avoid eye contact D. shrug their shoulders 10. According to the passage, body language can help us do all the following except ________. A. do well in a job interview B. lie without being noticed C. prevent misunderstandings D. show we care about our friends 11. By writing this article, the writer mainly wants to ________. A. help readers improve their language skills B. teach readers to understand body language C. show readers how to find out if someone is lying D. tell readers it is important to learn body language D On the days when the weather is fine, Legerena Wagner drives 45 minutes to a water station in Sweetwater, the Navajo Nation. She goes there to fill her water containers. Back home, Wagner and her family use the water carefully. Wagner is one of more than two million Americans who do not have running water at home. Most of these people are local Americans. They don’t have the money to buy new water systems. The Navajo Nation is the largest Local American community in the United States. Water has long been thought of as a luxury (奢侈品) there. About 300,000 people live in the Navajo Nation. One-third of them do not have running water. They cannot use water at a sink (水槽) or flush toilets (抽水马桶) at home. In Sweetwater, the spring water was famous for its natural taste. Now, many of the springs have dried up. The local people say this is a result of climate change. Using oil and natural gas has caused the Earth to become warmer. Rising temperatures could result in more dry weather in some areas, such as the Navajo Nation. Those without running water in the Navajo Nation have to drive long distances to a well or a water station to get water. That water, however, might be unsafe. Some water sources have been polluted. Sometimes, people buy bottled water from a store that is an hour’s drive away. Wagner is worried that many people in other places are still wasting lots of water every day. “Water is life,” she said. “We must not waste water, or water shortages will become more and more serious.” 12. Many local Americans don’t have running water at home because ________. A. they can’t afford new water systems B. they live in small communities C. they don’t know how to use water systems D. they prefer to get water from wells 13. How many people living in the Navajo Nation don’t have running water? A. About 100,000. B. About 200,000. C. About 300,000. D. About two million. 14. Local people in the Navajo Nation are facing all the following problems except that _________. A. the water station is quite far away from their homes B. there is not enough water in the wells or the water stations C. many of the springs have dried up because of climate change D. the water they get from the water station might have been polluted 15. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Wagner is hopeful about water shortages. B. People in other places should learn to save water. C. Water shortages will become less serious soon. D. Bottled water is the best choice for Navajo people. 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） E First-grade students at a primary school in Houston got a look at their future through AI. Their teacher Sadiya Ishaq used Deepseek to turn the children’s dream jobs into pictures of what the students might look like in the future. ____16____ One student said she wanted to be someone who works underwater, because she wanted to explore the sea. Another one dreamed of becoming a YouTuber. He said he was always interested in making videos. At first, the children wrote down their dream jobs in a book and drew pictures of themselves as nurses, engineers and artists. ____17____ She took a photo of each of her students, and put it into AI in Deepseek. Finally, she successfully made pictures of her students in the future for them. The project was inspired by a social media project called “career doll”. ____18____ For Ishaq, who has been teaching for 10 years, the project serves a deeper purpose beyond just fun. She has wanted to help students have a role model when they are young. For parents, the project gave them a chance to see their children in a new light. Maya’s father, Noe, was touched when he saw his daughter’s picture as a police officer. He said, “My baby wants to be a police officer. ____19____” Young Hermes wants to be a doctor in the future. ____20____ When asked what he would do with his picture, he said he would keep it for the rest of his life. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有一项为多余选项。 A. The AI picture is important to him. B. She never mentioned it to me before! C. The students’ dream jobs were quite different. D. It meant a lot to teachers, students and parents. E. She couldn’t help crying when she saw her future self. F. And then their teacher Sadiya Ishaq took things one step further. 第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As humans began taking longer trips into space, eating and storing food became an important problem. The first person to go to space, Yuri Gagarin, was also the first to ____21____ there. His meal wasn’t very ____22____ because the food was put in a metal tube like toothpaste. It didn’t look or taste very good, but it showed that humans could eat in ____23____. Later, American astronaut John Glenn discovered that eating in space was not as hard as people feared. However, there were only a few food ____24____ for them to choose from. Early astronauts had to eat small cubes of food, freeze-dried powders, and more food from tubes. They didn’t like the food ____25____ it looked strange. Also, small pieces of dry food could move around and ____26____ machines or even astronauts’ eyes. As space trips continued, space food was ____27____. In the 1960s and 1970s, astronauts could use hot water to prepare their meals and eat with spoons. Later, when space stations were built, ____28____ improved greatly. Today, astronauts on the International Space Station have many kinds of food—they have dishes such as rice, noodles, fish, and fruit. However, until recently, no one actually cooked real food in space. Cooking in space is dangerous because fire and heat do not work the same way as they do on Earth. In November 2025, the situation became ____29____ in China’s Tiangong Space Station. Astronauts there used a special machine to cook food for the first time. They made barbecued chicken wings and beef. The machine can heat food to 190°C. It also keeps oil from ____30____ and prevents smoke. This success means astronauts can now enjoy cooked meals in space. It will make life among planets a little warmer and more like home. 21. A. sleep B. walk C. talk D. eat 22. A. pleasant B. cold C. simple D. bad 23. A. suits B. rockets C. space D. air 24. A. habits B. choices C. styles D. sizes 25. A. or B. so C. but D. because 26. A. start up B. turn off C. get into D. keep back 27. A. stored B. designed C. improved D. reduced 28. A. conditions B. relationships C. skills D. ecosystems 29. A. different B. clear C. difficult D. boring 30. A. shining B. returning C. catching D. spreading 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On May 18, 2025, a 51-year-old man named Kenton Cool did something ____31____ (amaze). He climbed Mount Qomolangma for the 19th time, breaking his own record for the most ascents (攀登) of the world’s highest mountain by a non-Sherpa (夏尔巴人，居住在喜马拉雅山脉的尼泊尔及中国边境地区的民族) guide, and he said he was already planning his next ascent. Mount Qomolangma is ____32____ (tall) mountain in the world. It is very cold and windy. The higher you go, the harder it is to breathe. Climbers must train for a long time and wear special clothes, and use tools ____33____ (stay) safe. Kenton Cool first climbed Qomolangma in 2004. Since then, he has climbed it almost every year. But he was unable to climb it in 2014 ____34____ the climbing season was canceled (取消) after 16 Sherpa guides ____35____ (kill) in an avalanche (雪崩). And again in 2015, another avalanche stopped his plan while he ____36____ (prepare) his equipment (装备) for the ascent. So far, only Nepali Sherpa guides have climbed Qomolangma more times than Cool. Mountaineering can be very dangerous. However, for many people, it is not just ____37____ exciting challenge, but it is also a sport. Some climbers try to break records, like climbing the most peaks, ____38____ (reach) the top without using oxygen (氧气), or climbing the fastest. Cool believes that success needs hard work, teamwork and strict ____39____ (train). These qualities play an important part in achieving great dreams, ____40____ on the mountain or in daily life. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 The World Still Loves Dickens On June 9, 1870, Charles Dickens died at the age of 58. The next day, the New York Times headline read: “Great Novelist Dies… Mourned (哀悼) by the People of Two Continents (大洲).” The headline did not overstate his fame. Even today, the British novelist is loved by readers all over the world. Dickens created some of the most unforgettable characters in English literature. You must have heard of or even read some of his novels: Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol and A Tale of Two Cities. A Tale of Two Cities has sold more than 200 million copies. Since 1897, there have been over 300 film and TV adaptations (改编作品) of Dickens’s works. And A Christmas Carol alone has nearly 50 adaptations. Natalie McKnight is a literature professor who studies Dickens and his works. She explains why the novelist has remained so popular today. One important reason is that Dickens wrote from his heart and tried hard to draw readers’ minds. For example, A Christmas Carol was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society. People always enjoy works that make them laugh, cry and think. Many other 19th-century writers wrote entertaining works, but few of them worked as hard as Dickens to draw readers’ minds. Dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today. He used his pen to fight social unfairness and gave voice to the poor. His works led to many important social changes. Readers always enjoy seeing poor people rise and succeed. This June marks the 156th anniversary of Dickens’s death. It is a chance for us to remember this great writer again. Will you read or reread some of his famous works? 41. When was Charles Dickens born? ____________________________________________________________________________ 42. Why is Dickens still popular with readers all over the world today? (List one reason) ____________________________________________________________________________ 43. What was Dickens’ purpose in writing A Christmas Carol? ____________________________________________________________________________ 44. What is the main idea of this passage? ____________________________________________________________________________ 45. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. ____________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 写作（满分20分） 46. 为响应“走进大自然”的校园倡议，你校英语报以“Let’s Get Close to Nature”为题征稿。请根据以下要点，结合自身经历写一篇英文短文投稿。 写作要点： 1．现状：周末或假期里学生常宅家或沉迷手机，很少走进自然； 2．你的做法及感受：介绍你在周末/假期亲近自然的具体活动； 并谈谈这些活动对你有什么影响（如放松心情等）。 3．号召并呼吁同学们走出家门，享受自然。 注意事项： 1．词数100词左右； 2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3．文中不得出现真实的个人姓名校名等信息。 Let’s Get Close to Nature To take part in the school activity “Get Close to Nature”, I’d like to share my ideas with you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $