Unit 8 Making a Difference单元知识点归纳 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语Unit 8知识清单全面梳理“Making a Difference”单元内容，涵盖基础词汇（含词形变换）、核心短语、功能句型、话题范文及考点辨析，为学生搭建从词汇积累到句型应用再到话题写作的递进式学习支架。 清单采用分模块分类呈现知识体系，如Section A/B分设重点单词（按词性分类）、词形变换（系统梳理派生词）、重点句型（结合志愿者活动情境），考点辨析以表格对比（如provide与offer用法），培养语言能力与思维品质。范文提供演讲稿、申请信模板，标注“help out”“in need”等短语应用，辅助不同学生高效掌握，教师可据此设计针对性教学活动，提升课堂实效。

Unit 8 Making a Difference单元知识点归纳 (一)单元基础知识背记 Section A What can we do to help? 重点单词 名词 8.慈善机构(或组织);慈善事业 n. charity 9.(装食品或饮料的)金属罐；一罐(的量)n. can动词1.笼子 n. cage 2.军队 n. army 3.玩具 n. toy【小学词汇】 10.提供;给予 v. provide 4.军人;士兵 n. soldier 形容词 5.庇护所;居所 n. shelter 11.年纪较大的;上了年纪的 adj. elderly 6.捐赠物;捐赠 n. donation 12.小学教育的;首要的 adj. primary 7.体育馆;运动场 n. stadium 词形变换 13.拥有 v. own→主人;物主 n. owner 14.年轻的 adj. young→青年;青年时期 n. youth 15.温暖的 adj. warm→热情地;温暖地 adv. warmly 16.参观;拜访 v.&n. visit→参观者;来访者 n. visitor 17.采访;面试 n.&v. interview→面试官;采访者 n. interviewer 18.组织;筹备 v. organize(= organise)→有条理的;有组织的 adj. organized(= organised)→组织;团体;机构 n. organization(= organisation) 19.扮演;行动 v. (戏剧等)一幕;行动 n. act→行动;行为 n. action→活跃的;积极的 adj. active→活跃地 adv. actively 重点短语 1.植树 plant trees 8.过去常常(做某事) used to (do sth.) 2.养老院 nursing home 9.体育赛事 sports event 3.捡起;拾起 pick up 10.照顾;照料 look after/ take care of/ care for 4.垃圾分类 sort waste 11.指路;指示方向 give directions 5.打扫干净;清理 clean up 12.主动提出做某事 offer to do sth. 6.分担工作;帮忙做 help out 13.激励某人做某事 inspire sb. to do sth. 7.赶快;跟着来 come along 14.有作用;有影响 make a difference 重点句型 1.：自从去年我就在那里做志愿者。 I' ve been a volunteer there since last year. 2.我甚至教过他们中的一些人如何使用手机。 I' ve even taught some of them how to use a mobile phone. 3.照顾老年人是很重要的。 It's important to care for the elderly. 4.——你以前去过我们的动物收容所吗? ——没去过。但我的一个朋友已经在这里志愿服务很久了。 —— Have you been to our animal shelter before? —— No, I haven't. But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time. 5.——你做志愿者多久了? ——我在这里做志愿者几个月了。 —— How long have you been a volunteer? ——I have been a volunteer here for a few months. 6.——他在博物馆做志愿者多久了? ——自从暑假开始，他就在这里做志愿者了。 —— How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum? —— He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started. Section B How does helping others make a difference? 重点单词 名词 形容词 1.团队合作 n. teamwork 9.救命的;救生的 adj. life-saving 2.听众;观众 n. audience 10.平凡的;普通的 adj. ordinary 3.口袋 n. pocket 11.值得;有价值 adj. worth 4.努力;艰难的尝试 n. effort 兼类词 5.才能;天赋;天才 n. talent 12.(狗)吠叫 v.狗叫声 n. bark 6.(正式、礼貌的称呼)女士;夫人 n. madam 13.成年人 n.成年的;成熟的 adj. adult 7.广告;启事 n. advertisement(= ad) 兼类词 动词 14.小孩;儿童 n.开玩笑;戏弄 v. kid【小学词汇】 8.捐赠;赠送 v. donate 词形变换 15.女士;淑女 n. lady→(复数) ladies 16.先生;君子 n. gentleman→(复数) gentlemen 17.将;将要 v. will→乐意的;愿意的 adj. willing 18.想念;错过 v. miss→失踪的;丢失的 adj. missing 19.练习;实践 n. practice→实用的;实际的 adj. practical 20.完全的;彻底的 adj. complete→完全地;彻底地 adv. completely 21.重要作用;价值 n. value→宝贵的;很有用的 adj. valuable 22.(两人中)年龄较长的(尤指哥哥姐姐) adj. elder→年纪较大的;上了年纪的 adj. elderly 23.志愿者;自告奋勇者 n.自愿做;义务做 v. volunteer →自愿的;无偿的 adj. voluntary 24.成功;达到目标 v. succeed→成功 n. success→成功的;有成就的 adj. successful→成功地;顺利地 adv. successfully 重点短语 1.报名 sign up 8.最主要的是 most of all 2.分发 hand out 9.通晓;熟悉 familiar with 3.坚持 stick to 10.自从;自……以后 ever since 4.忙碌的 on the go 11.自然灾害 natural disaster 5.零花钱 pocket money 12.需要帮助的;生活困难的 in need 6.医疗援助 medical aid 13.乐意做……;愿意做…… be willing to 7.寻找;搜寻 search for 14.(做)某事的关键 the key to (doing) sth. 重点句型 1.我们非常感激他们找到了我们！ We were so thankful that they found us! 2.我们曾走进学校和其他社区，教儿童和成年人如何保障安全并为最坏的情况做好准备。 We' ve been to schools and other communities to teach children and adults how to stay safe and prepare for the worst. 3.做一名志愿者的经历教会了我许多实用的救生技能。 Working as a volunteer has taught me many practical life-saving skills. 4.我只是一个普通人，但我会像蓝天救援队的其他人一样冲进险境。 I'm just an ordinary person, but I' ll rush into danger, just like everyone else in Blue SkyRescue. 5.对于我们拯救过的人及其所爱之人而言，我知道我们是他们的英雄。 To the people we' ve saved and their loved ones, I know we' re their heroes. 6.赠人玫瑰，手有余香。 The rose in your hand, the sweet smell in mine. (二)单元话题范文背记 A 假定你是李华，上周你和同学参加了养老院志愿者活动。现学校英语角将举办“VolunteeringMakes a Difference”的主题演讲活动，请你根据以下信息，可适当拓展，写一篇 100 词左右的英文发言稿。 内容包括： 1.具体的志愿活动内容; clean the room... 2.参与此次志愿活动的原因: helping others is the best way to help ourselves... 3.你对这次志愿活动的看法: get a strong feeling of satisfaction… Good morning, everyone! I'm Li Hua. Last week, my classmates and I volunteered at a nursing home. First, we cleaned the rooms and watered plants. Besides, we chatted with the elderly, sang songs, and even taught them simple exercises. It was a meaningful experience. Why did we do this? I believe helping others is the best way to help ourselves. By caring for the elderly, we learn patience and responsibility. What's more, their smiles made us realize the joy of giving. In my opinion, volunteering brings a strong feeling of satisfaction. It connects us with people in need and makes our world warmer. Let's continue to spread kindness! Thank you for listening! B 五月中旬，初二年级将举办排球比赛，现面向全年级招募志愿者。请你写一封100 词左右的申请信，表达希望成为志愿者的愿望，说明报名的原因，并阐述自身优势。 提示词语: sports lover, teamwork, responsible, help others 提示问题： · Why do you want to be a volunteer for the volleyball game? · What qualities or experiences make you a good volunteer? I am excited to apply to be a volunteer for the upcoming volleyball game. I want to be a volunteer because I am a sports lover, and volleyball is one of my favourite games. Helping others during the event would bring me joy. I have good teamwork skills and always stay responsible. For example, I often help organize class activities. I also enjoy working with others and solving problems quickly. With my energy and experience, I believe I can support the players and make the game a big success. Thank you for considering my application! (三)单元重要考点背记 考点① provide与 offer 辨析 考点 含义 常用结构 provide 指为应付意外、紧急情况等做好准备而“供给；提供” provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb.给某人提供某物 offer 侧重表示“主动提出；自愿给予” offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb.向某人提供某物offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 考点② success, succeed, successful 与 successfully 辨析 考点 含义 核心用法/句型 示例 success 作名词，意为“成功” ①可数:a success(一件成功的事/一位成功人士) ②不可数: success(抽象“成功”) ①可数: His new book is agreat success. 他的新书大获成功。 ②不可数: Success needs hardwork.成功需要努力。 succeed 作不及物动词，意为“成功；达到目标” succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 She succeeded in passing theexam.她成功通过了考试。 考点 含义 核心用法/句型 示例 successful 作形容词，意为“成功的” be successful in (doing)sth. 在……方面(做得)成功 He is successful in business.他在生意上很成功。 successfully 作副词，意为“成功地” 修饰动词，表“成功地做” They finished the projectsuccessfully.他们成功地完成了项目。 考点3 effort的用法 effort作名词，意为“努力；艰难的尝试”。常见用法有： make efforts/ an effort to do sth.努力做某事 put effort into (doing) sth.投入精力做某事 with effort努力地;费力地 如： I make efforts/ an effort to study every day.我每天努力学习。 He puts effort into painting.他投入精力画画。 She finished the heavy work with effort.她努力完成了这项繁重的工作。 【注意】effort作“努力”时，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词： 可数: an effort(一次努力) 不可数：effort(表示“努力”这个抽象概念) 考点④ familiar的用法 familiar作形容词,意为“熟悉的;通晓的”。 考点 含义 主语/逻辑 示例 be familiar with (人)对 熟悉 大作主语(.主动“熟悉”事物) I am familiar with this song. 我 熟悉这首歌。 She is familiar with computer skills.她通晓电脑技能。 be familiar to (事物)对⋯⋯来说熟悉 事 物 作 主 语 (被动“被人熟悉”) This song is familiar to moststudents.这首歌对大多数学生来说很熟悉。 The story is familiar to kids. 这个故事孩子们很熟悉。 考点⑤ worth 的用法 worth作形容词，意为“值得；有价值”。常见用法有： sth. be worth doing 某事值得被做 be worth+名词值……(价值) 如： The book is worth reading again.这本书值得再读一遍。 This painting is worth a lot of money.这幅画值很多钱。 考点⑥ talent的用法 ①talent作名词,意为“才能;天赋;天才”。常见用法为 have a talent for(doing) sth.,意为“有(做)……的天赋”。如: She has a talent for music.她有音乐天赋。 ②talent既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词： 可数:a talent(一个有天赋的人/一项天赋) 不可数：talent(表示“天赋”这个抽象概念) 如： He is a talent in sports.他是体育天才。 Talent needs practice.天赋需要练习。 【拓展】 talent 的形容词形式为 talented,意为“有天赋的”。常用搭配为 be talented in(doing) sth.,意为“做某事/在某方面很有天赋”。如： She is talented in dancing.她在跳舞方面很有天赋。 考点⑦ donate的用法 donate作动词，意为“捐赠；赠送”。常见用法有： donate sth. to sb./ somewhere向某人/某地捐赠某物 donate time/ energy/ one's life to(doing) sth.捐赠时间/精力/献出生命做某事 如： He donated his books to the school library.他把书捐给了学校图书馆。 She donates time to helping old people.她花时间帮助老人。 【拓展】 donate的名词形式为 donation,意为“捐赠;捐赠物”,如: make a donation 进行捐赠。 考点⑧ ever since的用法 ever since可作连词或介词短语，意为“自从；自……以后”。其语法逻辑强调“从过去某刻开始，动作持续到现在”，因此主句多为现在完成时(have/has+过去分词)。常见用法有： 引导时间状语从句(从句用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时) 作介词短语(接时间点) 如： I' ve lived here ever since I was a child.我从小就住在这儿。 She has worked hard ever since last year.自从去年起,她就努力工作。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $