2026年中考英语专题05 情态动词专项学案（福建专用）

专题05 情态动词专项学案(福建中考专用・2026 版) 内 容 导 航 考情透视 目标导航 透析中考考向,明确复习重点 知识梳理 方法技巧 中考高频考点精讲,直击得分点 知识点01 情态动词基本用法(福建中考必考) 知识点02 情态动词表推测 (福建中考常考) 知识点03 易混情态动词辨析(福建中考高频易错点) 知识点04 情态动词的被动语态 考场练兵 分层实战 基础 + 提升 + 中考真题 + 2026 热点预测 考情透视 目标导航 常考题型 核心考点 中考命题趋势 单项选择 完形填空 短文填空 看图写话 1. 情态动词基本含义与用法:can/may/must/should/will 2. 情态动词表推测:must(肯定)/can't(否定)/may(可能) 3. 易混辨析:must vs have to, can vs be able to 4. 情态动词的被动语态:情态动词 + be+done 1. 必考 1 题,单项选择占比 70%,短文填空占比 20% 2. 语境紧扣 2026 热点:天舟九号、AI 教育、绿色低碳、泉州世遗、伏季休渔 3. 只考基础高频用法,不考偏难用法 4. 易错点集中:must 的否定回答、表推测的用法辨析 知识梳理 方法技巧 一、核心概念 情态动词本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的语气、情感或态度,不能单独作谓语,必须和动词原形连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化,否定形式在后面加 not。 二、情态动词核心考点速记表 情态动词 基本含义 核心用法 中考考频 can/could 能、会、可以 表能力、许可、请求 may/might 可以、可能 表许可、可能性 must 必须、一定 表义务、肯定推测 should 应该 表建议、责任 will/would 将要、愿意 表将来、意愿 had better 最好 表建议 三、福建中考高频句型汇总 1.Can you...? 你能…… 吗? 2.May I...? 我可以…… 吗? 3.You must/should... 你必须 / 应该…… 4.You mustn't... 你禁止…… 5.It must be... 它一定是…… 6.It can't be... 它不可能是…… 四、速记口诀 情态动词有词义,不能单独作谓语; 动词原形跟后面,人称数变都不理; 否定形式加 not,疑问提前到句首; must 表必须和推测,否定回答 needn't; can 表能力和许可,否定推测用 can't。 知识点01 情态动词基本用法(福建中考必考) 情态动词 用法说明 典型例句 can/could 1. 表能力(现在 / 过去) 2. 表许可(口语) 3. 表请求 I can speak English. Can I use your pen? may/might 1. 表许可(正式) 2. 表可能性(较小) May I come in? It may rain tomorrow. must 1. 表义务、必须(主观) 2. 表禁止(mustn't) You must finish your homework. You mustn't smoke here. should 1. 表建议、应该 2. 表责任、义务 You should exercise every day. We should protect the environment. will/would 1. 表将来 2. 表意愿、请求 I will go to Beijing tomorrow. Would you please help me? had better 表建议,"最好做某事" You had better go to bed early. 典例01 — _ I borrow your book about Quanzhou World Heritage? — Sure, here you are. A. Must B. May C. Should 典例02 We _ protect the ocean environment during the fishing ban. A. should B. would C. may 中|考|易|错|警|示 错误:You mustn't finish your homework today. 正确:You needn't finish your homework today. (mustn't 表示 "禁止","不必" 用 needn't) 错误:He can speak English when he was five. 正确:He could speak English when he was five. (表过去的能力用 could) 中|考|解|题|技|巧 看到表能力用 can,表建议用 should,表必须用 must,表请求用 Can/Will you...? 即时检测 1.My little brother _ swim very well now. 2.You _ play football in the street. It's dangerous. 3._ you please pass me the salt? 2026 中考预测题(AI 热点) 1.AI tools _ help students with their study, but they can't replace teachers. A. can B. must C. should 2.短文填空 We _ (1) use AI tools properly. We _ (2) depend on them too much. Teachers _ (3) guide students to use AI correctly. 知识点02 情态动词表推测(福建中考常考) 推测类型 情态动词 用法说明 典型例句 肯定推测 must 可能性最大,"一定" The book must be Li Ming's. It has his name on it. 可能推测 may/might 可能性较小,"可能" It may be cold this evening. 否定推测 can't 可能性为零,"不可能" That can't be Tom. He has gone to Beijing. 疑问推测 can 用于疑问句中 Can it be true? 典例01 The notebook _ be Lily's. Her name is on the cover. A. must B. can't C. may 典例02 — Is that Mr. Wang over there? — No, it _ be him. He has gone to Tianzhou-9 launch center. A. mustn't B. can't C. may not 中|考|易|错|警|示 错误:He mustn't be at home. I saw him just now. 正确:He can't be at home. I saw him just now. (否定推测用 can't,不用 mustn't) 中|考|解|题|技|巧 肯定推测用 must,否定推测用 can't,可能推测用 may/might。 即时检测 1.The light is on. He _ be in the classroom. 2.It _ rain tomorrow, but I'm not sure. 2026 中考预测题(航天热点) 1.The spaceship _ be Tianzhou-9. It was launched on April 25, 2026. A. must B. can't C. may 2.— Someone is knocking at the door. Who _ it be? — It _ be the postman. He usually comes at this time. A. can; must B. must; can C. can; can't 知识点03 易混情态动词辨析(福建中考高频易错点) 易混点 用法区别 中考例句 must vs have to must:表主观上的 "必须" have to:表客观上的 "不得不" I must study hard for the exam.(主观) I have to get up early to catch the bus.(客观) can vs be able to can:表现在或过去的能力(could) be able to:表具体某一次的能力,可用于各种时态 He can swim.(现在的能力) He was able to swim across the river yesterday.(具体某一次的能力) may vs can may:表许可(正式) can:表许可(口语) May I leave now?(正式) Can I leave now?(口语) 典例01 I _ stay at home because my mother is ill. A. must B. have to C. may 典例02 He _ finish the work on time with the help of his friends. A. can B. was able to C. must 中|考|易|错|警|示 错误:I must go now because it's raining heavily. 正确:I have to go now because it's raining heavily. (下雨是客观原因,用 have to) 中|考|解|题|技|巧 主观必须用 must,客观不得不 have to;一般能力用 can,具体能力 be able to。 即时检测 1.We _ follow the traffic rules. It's our duty. 2.She _ speak three languages when she was young. 2026 中考预测题(环保热点) 1.We _ sort the rubbish because it's required by the government. A. must B. have to C. should 2.— _ I use your computer? — Sorry, you _. I'm using it now. A. Can; can't B. May; mustn't C. Must; needn't 知识点04 情态动词的被动语态 语法结构 典型例句 中考考点提示 情态动词 + be + 及物动词过去分词 1. The work must be finished today. (这项工作必须今天完成。) 2. These old buildings should be protected well. (这些古老建筑应该被妥善保护。) 3. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. (你的作业可以明天上交。) 1.考查情态动词与被动语态的结合使用 2.注意及物动词的过去分词形式变化 3.常出现在完形填空和语法选择题中 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 (情态动词的被动式结构) 1. Rubbish mustn't be thrown everywhere. (垃圾禁止到处乱扔。) 2. Children shouldn't be allowed to play with fire. (孩子们不应该被允许玩火。) 3. This kind of food can't be eaten raw. (这种食物不能生吃。) 1.否定形式的构成及用法 2.注意情态动词否定式的特殊含义(如mustn't表示"禁止") 3.常出现在情景交际题中 情态动词 + not + be + 过去分词 (情态动词的被动否定式结构) 1. The project should have been completed last week. (这个项目本应该上周就完成了。) 2. He must have been told the truth already. (他肯定已经被告知真相了。) 3. The letter can't have been sent to the wrong address. (这封信不可能寄错地址。) 1.中考高频考点,尤其注意虚拟语气用法 2.表示对过去事情的推测或遗憾 3.常出现在阅读理解的句子理解题中 典例01 Ancient buildings in Quanzhou _ well. A. should protect B. should be protected C. must protect 典例02 These trees _ every day. A. must water B. must be watered C. should water 中|考|易|错|警|示 错误:The homework should finish on time. 正确:The homework should be finished on time. (作业是被完成的,用被动语态) 中|考|解|题|技|巧 看到情态动词,且主语是动作的承受者,直接用 "情态动词 + be+done" 结构。 即时检测 1.The classroom _ (clean) every day. 2.The rules _ (follow) by everyone. 2026 中考预测题(世遗热点) 1.Minnan Nanyin _ as a cultural heritage. A. should preserve B. should be preserved C. must preserve 2.看图写话 提示词:rubbish, must, throw, everywhere 考场练兵 分层实战 基础通关练(全员必会・测试时间:10 分钟) 1.— _ I take this seat? — Yes, please. A. Must B. May C. Should 2.You _ smoke in the hospital. It's against the rules. A. needn't B. mustn't C. may not 3.— Can you play the piano? — Yes, I _. A. can B. must C. should 4.We _ drink enough water every day to keep healthy. A. should B. would C. may 5.The book _ be Tom's. His name is on it. A. can't B. may C. must 6.I _ go to bed early because I have a test tomorrow. A. have to B. must C. may 7.These flowers _ every day. A. must water B. must be watered C. should water 8.— Must I finish the work today? — No, you _. You can finish it tomorrow. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't 9.短文填空(校园主题) We _ (1) follow the school rules. We _ (2) be late for class. We _ (3) listen to the teacher carefully in class. We _ (4) help each other. Our classroom _ (5) kept clean and tidy. 10.看图写话 提示词:should, help, old man 重难突破练(中等提升・测试时间:20 分钟) 1.— _ you please tell me the way to the Kaiyuan Temple? — Sure. Go along this street and turn left. A. Could B. Must C. Should 2.It _ be my mother. She has gone to Shanghai. A. mustn't B. can't C. may not 3.You _ take an umbrella with you. It's going to rain. A. had better B. would rather C. may 4.He _ swim when he was seven years old. A. can B. could C. was able to 5.— May I use your dictionary? — No, you _. I need it now. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't 6.We _ wear masks in public places during the flu season. A. must B. have to C. should 7.The work _ in two days. A. must finish B. must be finished C. should finish 8.— Who is singing in the next room? — It _ be Lily. She likes singing very much. A. must B. can't C. may 9.完形填空(环保主题) Environmental protection is very important. We 1. _ do something to protect our earth. We 2. _ waste water or electricity. We 3. _ plant more trees. The air 4. _ be cleaner if we do so. Everyone 5. _ play a part in protecting the environment. (1) A. should B. would C. may (2) A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't (3) A. had better B. would rather C. may (4) A. must B. can C. should (5) A. must B. should C. may 10.看图写话 提示词:must, wear, helmet, when, ride 综合拓展练(冲刺高分・测试时间:10 分钟) 1.— Must I hand in my homework now? — No, you _. You can hand it in tomorrow. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't 2.He _ finish the difficult task by himself last week. A. could B. was able to C. can 3.The man over there _ be our new teacher. I'm not sure. A. must B. may C. can't 4.You _ not play computer games too much. It's bad for your eyes. A. had better B. would rather C. may 5.All the students _ attend the meeting tomorrow. A. must B. have to C. should 6.短文填空(航天主题) Tianzhou-9 1. _ (launch) successfully on April 25, 2026. It 2. _ carry supplies to the Tiangong Space Station. The astronauts 3. _ do many scientific experiments there. The experiments 4. _ help us learn more about space. We 5. _ be proud of our country's space achievements. 7.看图写话 提示词:can, use, AI tool, translate 福建中考真题再现(2023-2025) 1.(2025 福建中考)— Must I clean the classroom now? — No, you _. You can do it after school. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't 2.(2024 福建中考)— Is that girl Mary? — No, it _ be her. She has gone to Paris. A. mustn't B. can't C. may not 3.(2023 福建中考)We _ follow the traffic rules when we go out. A. can B. may C. must 4.(2022 福建中考)— Can I borrow your pen? — Yes, you _. A. can B. must C. should 5.(2021 福建中考)You _ take your umbrella. It's going to rain. A. had better B. would rather C. may 3 / 3 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题05 情态动词专项学案（福建中考专用・2026 版） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析中考考向，明确复习重点 知识梳理·方法技巧 中考高频考点精讲，直击得分点 知识点01 情态动词基本用法（福建中考必考） 知识点02 情态动词表推测 （福建中考常考） 知识点03 易混情态动词辨析（福建中考高频易错点） 知识点04 情态动词的被动语态 考场练兵·分层实战 基础 + 提升 + 中考真题 + 2026 热点预测 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 核心考点 中考命题趋势 单项选择 完形填空 短文填空 看图写话 1. 情态动词基本含义与用法：can/may/must/should/will 2. 情态动词表推测：must（肯定）/can't（否定）/may（可能） 3. 易混辨析：must vs have to, can vs be able to 4. 情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be+done 1. 必考 1 题，单项选择占比 70%，短文填空占比 20% 2. 语境紧扣 2026 热点：天舟九号、AI 教育、绿色低碳、泉州世遗、伏季休渔 3. 只考基础高频用法，不考偏难用法 4. 易错点集中：must 的否定回答、表推测的用法辨析 知识梳理·方法技巧 一、核心概念 情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的语气、情感或态度，不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，否定形式在后面加 not。 二、情态动词核心考点速记表 情态动词 基本含义 核心用法 中考考频 can/could 能、会、可以 表能力、许可、请求 ★★★ may/might 可以、可能 表许可、可能性 ★★ must 必须、一定 表义务、肯定推测 ★★★ should 应该 表建议、责任 ★★★ will/would 将要、愿意 表将来、意愿 ★ had better 最好 表建议 ★ 三、福建中考高频句型汇总 1.Can you...? 你能…… 吗？ 2.May I...? 我可以…… 吗？ 3.You must/should... 你必须 / 应该…… 4.You mustn't... 你禁止…… 5.It must be... 它一定是…… 6.It can't be... 它不可能是…… 四、速记口诀 情态动词有词义，不能单独作谓语； 动词原形跟后面，人称数变都不理； 否定形式加 not，疑问提前到句首； must 表必须和推测，否定回答 needn't； can 表能力和许可，否定推测用 can't。 知识点01 情态动词基本用法（福建中考必考） 情态动词 用法说明 典型例句 can/could 1. 表能力（现在 / 过去） 2. 表许可（口语） 3. 表请求 I can speak English. Can I use your pen? may/might 1. 表许可（正式） 2. 表可能性（较小） May I come in? It may rain tomorrow. must 1. 表义务、必须（主观） 2. 表禁止（mustn't） You must finish your homework. You mustn't smoke here. should 1. 表建议、应该 2. 表责任、义务 You should exercise every day. We should protect the environment. will/would 1. 表将来 2. 表意愿、请求 I will go to Beijing tomorrow. Would you please help me? had better 表建议，"最好做某事" You had better go to bed early. 典例01 — ______ I borrow your book about Quanzhou World Heritage? — Sure, here you are. A. Must B. May C. Should 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 我可以借你的关于泉州世遗的书吗？—— 当然，给你。考点：情态动词 may 表许可。易错提醒：表请求许可时，may 比 can 更正式。 典例02 We ______ protect the ocean environment during the fishing ban. A. should B. would C. may 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在伏季休渔期间，我们应该保护海洋环境。考点：情态动词 should 表责任和义务。易错提醒：should 用于表示应该做的事情。 中｜考｜易｜错｜警｜示 ❌ 错误：You mustn't finish your homework today. ✅ 正确：You needn't finish your homework today. （mustn't 表示 "禁止"，"不必" 用 needn't） ❌ 错误：He can speak English when he was five. ✅ 正确：He could speak English when he was five. （表过去的能力用 could） 中｜考｜解｜题｜技｜巧 看到表能力用 can，表建议用 should，表必须用 must，表请求用 Can/Will you...? 即时检测 1.My little brother ______ swim very well now. 【答案】can 【解析】句意：我弟弟现在游泳游得很好。考点：情态动词 can 表能力。 2.You ______ play football in the street. It's dangerous. 【答案】mustn't 【解析】句意：你禁止在街上踢足球，很危险。考点：情态动词 mustn't 表禁止。 3.______ you please pass me the salt? 【答案】Would 【解析】句意：请你把盐递给我好吗？考点：情态动词 would 表委婉请求。 2026 中考预测题（AI 热点） 1.AI tools ______ help students with their study, but they can't replace teachers. A. can B. must C. should 【答案】A 【解析】句意：人工智能工具可以帮助学生学习，但不能取代老师。考点：情态动词 can 表能力。 2.短文填空 We ______ (1) use AI tools properly. We ______ (2) depend on them too much. Teachers ______ (3) guide students to use AI correctly. 【答案】(1) can (2) shouldn't (3) should 【解析】(1) 句意：我们可以正确使用人工智能工具。表能力用 can。(2) 句意：我们不应该太依赖它们。表不应该用 shouldn't。(3) 句意：老师应该引导学生正确使用人工智能。表责任用 should。 知识点02 情态动词表推测（福建中考常考） 推测类型 情态动词 用法说明 典型例句 肯定推测 must 可能性最大，"一定" The book must be Li Ming's. It has his name on it. 可能推测 may/might 可能性较小，"可能" It may be cold this evening. 否定推测 can't 可能性为零，"不可能" That can't be Tom. He has gone to Beijing. 疑问推测 can 用于疑问句中 Can it be true? 典例01 The notebook ______ be Lily's. Her name is on the cover. A. must B. can't C. may 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这个笔记本一定是莉莉的，封面上有她的名字。考点：情态动词 must 表肯定推测。易错提醒：有明确证据时用 must 表肯定推测。 典例02 — Is that Mr. Wang over there? — No, it ______ be him. He has gone to Tianzhou-9 launch center. A. mustn't B. can't C. may not 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 那边是王老师吗？—— 不，不可能是他，他去了天舟九号发射中心。考点：情态动词 can't 表否定推测。易错提醒：表 "不可能" 用 can't，不用 mustn't。 中｜考｜易｜错｜警｜示 ❌ 错误：He mustn't be at home. I saw him just now. ✅ 正确：He can't be at home. I saw him just now. （否定推测用 can't，不用 mustn't） 中｜考｜解｜题｜技｜巧 肯定推测用 must，否定推测用 can't，可能推测用 may/might。 即时检测 1.The light is on. He ______ be in the classroom. 【答案】must 【解析】句意：灯亮着，他一定在教室里。考点：情态动词 must 表肯定推测。 2.It ______ rain tomorrow, but I'm not sure. 【答案】may/might 【解析】句意：明天可能会下雨，但我不确定。考点：情态动词 may/might 表可能推测。 2026 中考预测题（航天热点） 1.The spaceship ______ be Tianzhou-9. It was launched on April 25, 2026. A. must B. can't C. may 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这艘宇宙飞船一定是天舟九号，它是 2026 年 4 月 25 日发射的。考点：情态动词 must 表肯定推测。 2.— Someone is knocking at the door. Who ______ it be? — It ______ be the postman. He usually comes at this time. A. can; must B. must; can C. can; can't 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 有人在敲门，会是谁呢？—— 一定是邮递员，他通常这个时候来。考点：情态动词表推测。疑问句中用 can，肯定推测用 must。 知识点03 易混情态动词辨析（福建中考高频易错点） 易混点 用法区别 中考例句 must vs have to must：表主观上的 "必须" have to：表客观上的 "不得不" ✅ I must study hard for the exam.（主观） ✅ I have to get up early to catch the bus.（客观） can vs be able to can：表现在或过去的能力（could） be able to：表具体某一次的能力，可用于各种时态 ✅ He can swim.（现在的能力） ✅ He was able to swim across the river yesterday.（具体某一次的能力） may vs can may：表许可（正式） can：表许可（口语） ✅ May I leave now?（正式） ✅ Can I leave now?（口语） 典例01 I ______ stay at home because my mother is ill. A. must B. have to C. may 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我不得不待在家里，因为我妈妈生病了。考点：情态动词 have to 表客观上的不得不。易错提醒：妈妈生病是客观原因，用 have to。 典例02 He ______ finish the work on time with the help of his friends. A. can B. was able to C. must 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在朋友们的帮助下，他按时完成了工作。考点：be able to 表具体某一次的能力。易错提醒：具体某一次成功做某事用 was/were able to，不用 could。 中｜考｜易｜错｜警｜示 ❌ 错误：I must go now because it's raining heavily. ✅ 正确：I have to go now because it's raining heavily. （下雨是客观原因，用 have to） 中｜考｜解｜题｜技｜巧 主观必须用 must，客观不得不 have to；一般能力用 can，具体能力 be able to。 即时检测 1.We ______ follow the traffic rules. It's our duty. 【答案】must 【解析】句意：我们必须遵守交通规则，这是我们的责任。考点：情态动词 must 表主观上的必须。 2.She ______ speak three languages when she was young. 【答案】could 【解析】句意：她年轻时会说三种语言。考点：情态动词 could 表过去的能力。 2026 中考预测题（环保热点） 1.We ______ sort the rubbish because it's required by the government. A. must B. have to C. should 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们不得不垃圾分类，因为这是政府要求的。考点：情态动词 have to 表客观上的不得不。 2.— ______ I use your computer? — Sorry, you ______. I'm using it now. A. Can; can't B. May; mustn't C. Must; needn't 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 我可以用你的电脑吗？—— 对不起，你不能，我现在正在用。考点：情态动词 can 表许可和否定回答。 知识点04 情态动词的被动语态 语法结构 典型例句 中考考点提示 情态动词 + be + 及物动词过去分词 1. The work must be finished today. （这项工作必须今天完成。） 2. These old buildings should be protected well. （这些古老建筑应该被妥善保护。） 3. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. （你的作业可以明天上交。） 1.考查情态动词与被动语态的结合使用 2.注意及物动词的过去分词形式变化 3.常出现在完形填空和语法选择题中 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 （情态动词的被动式结构） 1. Rubbish mustn't be thrown everywhere. （垃圾禁止到处乱扔。） 2. Children shouldn't be allowed to play with fire. （孩子们不应该被允许玩火。） 3. This kind of food can't be eaten raw. （这种食物不能生吃。） 1.否定形式的构成及用法 2.注意情态动词否定式的特殊含义（如mustn't表示"禁止"） 3.常出现在情景交际题中 情态动词 + not + be + 过去分词 （情态动词的被动否定式结构） 1. The project should have been completed last week. （这个项目本应该上周就完成了。） 2. He must have been told the truth already. （他肯定已经被告知真相了。） 3. The letter can't have been sent to the wrong address. （这封信不可能寄错地址。） 1.中考高频考点，尤其注意虚拟语气用法 2.表示对过去事情的推测或遗憾 3.常出现在阅读理解的句子理解题中 典例01 Ancient buildings in Quanzhou ______ well. A. should protect B. should be protected C. must protect 【答案】B 【解析】句意：泉州的古建筑应该被好好保护。考点：情态动词 should 的被动语态。易错提醒：古建筑是被保护的，用被动语态。 典例02 These trees ______ every day. A. must water B. must be watered C. should water 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这些树必须每天浇水。考点：情态动词 must 的被动语态。易错提醒：树是被浇水的，用被动语态。 中｜考｜易｜错｜警｜示 ❌ 错误：The homework should finish on time. ✅ 正确：The homework should be finished on time. （作业是被完成的，用被动语态） 中｜考｜解｜题｜技｜巧 看到情态动词，且主语是动作的承受者，直接用 "情态动词 + be+done" 结构。 即时检测 1.The classroom ______ (clean) every day. 【答案】should be cleaned 【解析】句意：教室应该每天被打扫。考点：情态动词 should 的被动语态。 2.The rules ______ (follow) by everyone. 【答案】must be followed 【解析】句意：规则必须被每个人遵守。考点：情态动词 must 的被动语态。 2026 中考预测题（世遗热点） 1.Minnan Nanyin ______ as a cultural heritage. A. should preserve B. should be preserved C. must preserve 【答案】B 【解析】句意：闽南南音应该被作为文化遗产保存下来。考点：情态动词 should 的被动语态。 2.看图写话 提示词：rubbish, must, throw, everywhere 【答案】Rubbish mustn't be thrown everywhere. 【解析】句意：禁止到处扔垃圾。考点：情态动词 mustn't 的被动语态。 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（全员必会・测试时间：10 分钟） 1.— ______ I take this seat? — Yes, please. A. Must B. May C. Should 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 我可以坐这个座位吗？—— 可以，请坐。考点：情态动词 may 表许可。 2.You ______ smoke in the hospital. It's against the rules. A. needn't B. mustn't C. may not 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你禁止在医院吸烟，这违反规定。考点：情态动词 mustn't 表禁止。 3.— Can you play the piano? — Yes, I ______. A. can B. must C. should 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 你会弹钢琴吗？—— 是的，我会。考点：情态动词 can 表能力。 4.We ______ drink enough water every day to keep healthy. A. should B. would C. may 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们应该每天喝足够的水来保持健康。考点：情态动词 should 表建议。 5.The book ______ be Tom's. His name is on it. A. can't B. may C. must 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这本书一定是汤姆的，上面有他的名字。考点：情态动词 must 表肯定推测。 6.I ______ go to bed early because I have a test tomorrow. A. have to B. must C. may 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我不得不早点睡觉，因为我明天有考试。考点：情态动词 have to 表客观上的不得不。 7.These flowers ______ every day. A. must water B. must be watered C. should water 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这些花必须每天浇水。考点：情态动词 must 的被动语态。 8.— Must I finish the work today? — No, you ______. You can finish it tomorrow. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 我必须今天完成工作吗？—— 不，你不必，你可以明天完成。考点：must 的否定回答用 needn't。 9.短文填空（校园主题） We ______ (1) follow the school rules. We ______ (2) be late for class. We ______ (3) listen to the teacher carefully in class. We ______ (4) help each other. Our classroom ______ (5) kept clean and tidy. 【答案】(1) must (2) mustn't (3) should (4) should (5) should be 【解析】(1) 句意：我们必须遵守校规。表必须用 must。(2) 句意：我们禁止上课迟到。表禁止用 mustn't。(3) 句意：我们应该在课堂上认真听老师讲课。表建议用 should。(4) 句意：我们应该互相帮助。表建议用 should。(5) 句意：我们的教室应该保持干净整洁。考点：情态动词 should 的被动语态。 10.看图写话 提示词：should, help, old man 【答案】We should help the old man cross the road. 【解析】句意：我们应该帮助老人过马路。考点：情态动词 should 表建议。 重难突破练（中等提升・测试时间：20 分钟） 1.— ______ you please tell me the way to the Kaiyuan Temple? — Sure. Go along this street and turn left. A. Could B. Must C. Should 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 你能告诉我去开元寺的路吗？—— 当然，沿着这条街走然后左转。考点：情态动词 could 表委婉请求。 2.It ______ be my mother. She has gone to Shanghai. A. mustn't B. can't C. may not 【答案】B 【解析】句意：那不可能是我妈妈，她去上海了。考点：情态动词 can't 表否定推测。 3.You ______ take an umbrella with you. It's going to rain. A. had better B. would rather C. may 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你最好带把伞，要下雨了。考点：had better 表建议。 4.He ______ swim when he was seven years old. A. can B. could C. was able to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他七岁时会游泳。考点：情态动词 could 表过去的能力。 5.— May I use your dictionary? — No, you ______. I need it now. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 我可以用你的字典吗？—— 不，你不能，我现在需要用。考点：may 的否定回答用 can't。 6.We ______ wear masks in public places during the flu season. A. must B. have to C. should 【答案】B 【解析】句意：流感期间我们不得不在公共场所戴口罩。考点：情态动词 have to 表客观上的不得不。 7.The work ______ in two days. A. must finish B. must be finished C. should finish 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这项工作必须在两天内完成。考点：情态动词 must 的被动语态。 8.— Who is singing in the next room? — It ______ be Lily. She likes singing very much. A. must B. can't C. may 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 谁在隔壁房间唱歌？—— 可能是莉莉，她非常喜欢唱歌。考点：情态动词 may 表可能推测。 9.完形填空（环保主题） Environmental protection is very important. We 1. ______ do something to protect our earth. We 2. ______ waste water or electricity. We 3. ______ plant more trees. The air 4. ______ be cleaner if we do so. Everyone 5. ______ play a part in protecting the environment. (1) A. should B. would C. may (2) A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't (3) A. had better B. would rather C. may (4) A. must B. can C. should (5) A. must B. should C. may 【答案】(1)A (2)A (3)A (4)B (5)B 【解析】(1) 句意：我们应该做些事情来保护我们的地球。表建议用 should。(2) 句意：我们禁止浪费水和电。表禁止用 mustn't。(3) 句意：我们最好种更多的树。表建议用 had better。(4) 句意：如果我们这样做，空气会更干净。表可能性用 can。(5) 句意：每个人都应该在保护环境中发挥作用。表责任用 should。 10.看图写话 提示词：must, wear, helmet, when, ride 【答案】You must wear a helmet when you ride a bike. 【解析】句意：你骑自行车时必须戴头盔。考点：情态动词 must 表必须。 综合拓展练（冲刺高分・测试时间：10 分钟） 1.— Must I hand in my homework now? — No, you ______. You can hand it in tomorrow. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 我必须现在交作业吗？—— 不，你不必，你可以明天交。考点：must 的否定回答用 needn't。 2.He ______ finish the difficult task by himself last week. A. could B. was able to C. can 【答案】B 【解析】句意：上周他独自完成了这项困难的任务。考点：be able to 表具体某一次的能力。 3.The man over there ______ be our new teacher. I'm not sure. A. must B. may C. can't 【答案】B 【解析】句意：那边的那个人可能是我们的新老师，我不确定。考点：情态动词 may 表可能推测。 4.You ______ not play computer games too much. It's bad for your eyes. A. had better B. would rather C. may 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你最好不要玩太多电脑游戏，对你的眼睛不好。考点：had better 的否定形式 had better not。 5.All the students ______ attend the meeting tomorrow. A. must B. have to C. should 【答案】B 【解析】句意：所有学生明天都必须参加会议。考点：情态动词 have to 表客观上的要求。 6.短文填空（航天主题） Tianzhou-9 1. ______ (launch) successfully on April 25, 2026. It 2. ______ carry supplies to the Tiangong Space Station. The astronauts 3. ______ do many scientific experiments there. The experiments 4. ______ help us learn more about space. We 5. ______ be proud of our country's space achievements. 【答案】(1) was launched (2) can (3) will (4) will (5) should 【解析】(1) 句意：天舟九号于 2026 年 4 月 25 日成功发射。考点：一般过去时的被动语态。(2) 句意：它可以向天宫空间站运送物资。表能力用 can。(3) 句意：宇航员将在那里做许多科学实验。表将来用 will。(4) 句意：这些实验将帮助我们更多地了解太空。表将来用 will。(5) 句意：我们应该为我们国家的航天成就感到骄傲。表建议用 should。 7.看图写话 提示词：can, use, AI tool, translate 【答案】We can use AI tools to translate English into Chinese. 【解析】句意：我们可以使用人工智能工具把英语翻译成中文。考点：情态动词 can 表能力。 福建中考真题再现（2023-2025） 1.（2025 福建中考）— Must I clean the classroom now? — No, you ______. You can do it after school. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 我必须现在打扫教室吗？—— 不，你不必，你可以放学后打扫。考点：must 的否定回答。命题背景：结合校园生活场景，考查情态动词的基本用法。易错提醒：must 的否定回答用 needn't，不用 mustn't。 2.（2024 福建中考）— Is that girl Mary? — No, it ______ be her. She has gone to Paris. A. mustn't B. can't C. may not 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 那个女孩是玛丽吗？—— 不，不可能是她，她去巴黎了。考点：情态动词表否定推测。命题背景：结合日常交际场景，考查表推测的用法。易错提醒：表 "不可能" 用 can't，不用 mustn't。 3.（2023 福建中考）We ______ follow the traffic rules when we go out. A. can B. may C. must 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们外出时必须遵守交通规则。考点：情态动词 must 表义务。命题背景：结合交通安全主题，考查情态动词的基本用法。易错提醒：表必须遵守的规则用 must。 4.（2022 福建中考）— Can I borrow your pen? — Yes, you ______. A. can B. must C. should 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 我可以借你的笔吗？—— 是的，你可以。考点：情态动词 can 表许可。命题背景：结合日常交际场景，考查情态动词的基本用法。易错提醒：can 引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用 can。 5.（2021 福建中考）You ______ take your umbrella. It's going to rain. A. had better B. would rather C. may 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你最好带把伞，要下雨了。考点：had better 表建议。命题背景：结合日常场景，考查情态动词的用法。易错提醒：表建议 "最好做某事" 用 had better。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $