Unit 4 Period 2 Reading and Thinking（分层作业）英语人教版必修第三册

Unit 4 Period 2 Reading and Thinking分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1.太空探索 ________________________ 2.满足好奇心 ________________________ 3.逃离地球引力 ________________________ 4.成功进入太空 ________________________ 5.登上月球 ________________________ 6.尽管巨大的风险 ________________________ 7.继续探索 ________________________ 8.取得巨大进步 ________________________ 9.独立将人类送入太空 ___________________ 10.绕地球轨道运行 ________________________ 11.完成太空行走 ________________________12.建立空间站 ________________________ 13.探索月球表面 ________________________14.珍贵的数据 ________________________ 15.对…… 做出巨大贡献 ________________ 16.宇宙的奥秘 ________________________ 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.The moon goes around the Earth because of the pull of ________(重力). 2.China can ________(独立地) send human beings into space by itself. 3.The space station can ________(传输) important information to the Earth. 4.Our country plans to ________(建立) a more advanced space station soon. 5.The ________(航天器) circled the moon and collected lots of data. 6.Scientists have made many ________(珍贵的) discoveries in space exploration. 7.Thousands of man-made satellites ________(绕…… 轨道运行) the Earth now. 8.________(尽管) the huge risks, they keep exploring the universe bravely. 三、单句语法填空。 1.China became the third country ____________ (independent) to send humans into space. 2.Yang Liwei orbited Earth successfully, ____________ (make) the whole nation proud. 3.Many people ____________ (inspire) by the great achievements of space exploration. 4.Despite ____________ (face) huge risks, scientists continue to explore the universe. 5.The probe was sent into space ____________ (explore) the surface of the moon. 6.This is the space lab ____________ was launched by China a few years ago. 7.If we work harder, we will make even ____________ (great) contributions to space science. 8.The information ____________ (transmit) from the spacecraft is very valuable. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.这座可追溯到明代的古庙受到当地政府的保护。 The ancient temple ________________________ the Ming Dynasty is under the protection of the local government. 2.尽管有巨大风险，人们仍将继续探索太空。 People will ________________________ exploring space despite huge risks. 3.中国在太空探索方面取得了巨大进步。 China has ________________________ in space exploration. 4.杨利伟成功地绕地球轨道运行。 Yang Liwei successfully ________________________ in the spacecraft. 5.我们希望在太空发现适合生命生存的星球。 We ________________________ find planets suitable for life in space. 6.探索太空帮助人类了解宇宙的奥秘。 Exploring space helps humans learn ________________________ of the universe. 7.中国计划未来建立自己的空间站。 China plans to ________________________ on its own in the future. 8.我们应该为世界科学做出更大贡献。 We should ________________________ to world science. 五、语法填空 China’s space programme started later than 1.________ (those) of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress in a short time. In 2003, China became the third country in the world to send humans into space 2.________ (independent). Yang Liwei 3.________ (successful) orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft, 4.________ made the whole nation proud. Later, Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, 5.________ (follow) by the Jade Rabbit probe sent to the moon. China also launched the Tiangong 2 space lab and Tianzhou 1 cargo spacecraft, 6.________ (mark) a step closer to 7.________ (establish) its own space station. More recently, Chang’e 4 has explored the far side of the moon and provided 8.________ (value) data for scientists. Many people 9.________ (inspire) by China’s achievements. We believe 10.________ China continues to work hard, it will make even greater contributions to space science. 六、阅读理解 （2025-2026高一下·河南周口·期中））There’s plenty of data supporting the mental health benefits of both green and blue settings. Research has shown, for example, that the Japanese practice of “forest bathing”, which includes slowly walking in a forest and breathing in the fresh air — reduces people’s blood pressure and improves their mental health. A report published last year, based on people from 18 countries, found that adults with better mental health, often played in or near coastal waters when they were children. Earlier research found that people who live in homes with views of blue space in the city of Wellington, New Zealand, had lower levels of mental stress than those whose homes have green spaces. There are many possible reasons behind the benefits of connecting to green or blue natural settings. One explanation is that these benefits likely come from what’s called attention restoration theory (恢复理论), which suggests that connecting to nature helps reduce mental tiredness and improves the ability to focus. Actually, a study in 2019 in Psychology found that after children took a 30-minute walk in a natural environment — with open grass fields, farmland, and forest areas — they had a faster, clearer pattern of responses to a series of attention-related tests than they did after walking through a city. Besides attracting your involuntary (无意的) attention, spending time in nature can elicit what’s called “soft fascination”, a safe, pleasant experience that’s interesting but doesn’t require your full attention. “This way, your mind is free and you can think about things at the same time,” says Marc Berman, a professor at the University of Chicago. “When people are in nature, they are likely to think about topics related to spirituality and their life journey.” Another explanation for why nature has an almost medicinal effect on the body and mind is called the biophilia hypothesis (亲生命假说), which suggests humans have an inborn wish to connect with nature and other forms of life. 1．What is found about coastal experiences in childhood? A．They inspire interest in the sea. B．They affect school performance. C．They improve adult mental health. D．They lower blood pressure quickly. 2．What will happen to children after walking in natural environments? A．They will be more intelligent. B．They will move faster. C．They will begin to love nature. D．They will be more focused. 3．What does the underlined word “elicit” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Refuse. B．Limit. C．Understand. D．Cause. 4．What can be the best title for this text? A．Nature Has a Lot of choices B．Nature Is Really Good Medicine C．A Happy Childhood Supports a Lifetime D．Green and Blue Settings Are Challenged 七、七选五 （2025-2026高一下·江苏扬州·期中）How to Build Good Study Habits for High School Success High school is a critical period for learning and personal growth, and good study habits are essential for academic success. Many students struggle with studying in distracting environments, which leads to frustration and poor grades. The good news is that you can develop effective habits with small but continuous efforts. 1 A fixed study space helps your brain connect the area with learning, making it easier to focus when you start studying. It should be quiet, well-lit, and free of distractions like phones or loud music. It doesn’t have to be big — a small desk in your bedroom works if it is only for studying. Keep your space clean and your supplies within reach so you won’t waste time looking for things. Making a detailed study plan is another key step to effective learning. Instead of studying without any purpose, make a clear daily or weekly schedule. List the subjects you need to review and set realistic goals for each task. 2 For example, instead of “I will study English this evening,” try “I will memorize 20 new words and finish one reading comprehension passage this evening.” This way, you won’t feel overwhelmed and can clearly see how much you have accomplished. Taking breaks is often ignored but plays a vital role in maintaining study efficiency. 3 If you study for hours without stopping, your brain will get tired, and your productivity will drop sharply. A good rule is to study for 45 — 60 minutes and then take a 5 — 10 minute break. You can walk, stretch, or look outside instead of using your phone, which helps your brain recharge quickly. Effective note-taking can help you review and remember knowledge more easily. When listening to teachers or reading textbooks, don’t write down every word. 4 Focus on key points, main ideas, and important examples. Use simple symbols and headings to organize your notes, so you can quickly find the information you need when reviewing. No one can master all knowledge alone, so seeking help when needed is a smart study habit. 5 If you don’t understand a concept, don’t hesitate to ask your teacher for clarification after class. You can also study with classmates and discuss difficult problems together — explaining something to others can also deepen your own understanding. A．Create a fixed and organized study space. B．Break down big tasks into small, specific goals. C．You should record the most important information instead. D．Long-time continuous study will reduce your learning efficiency. E．A clean study space can help you stay in a good mood. F．Studying with friends is more interesting than studying alone. G．Asking for help is not a sign of weakness but a way to improve. 八、完形填空 （2025-2026高一下·江西·阶段检测）An elderly carpenter (木匠) was ready to retire. He told his employer his plans to 1 the house-building business to live a 2 life with his family. He would miss the paycheck, but he needed to retire. The employer was 3 to see his good worker go and asked him to build one last house as a personal favor. The carpenter 4 , but his heart was not in his work. He used poor materials and 5 little effort. It was an unfortunate way to 6 a dedicated career. When the carpenter finished his work, his employer came to 7 the house. Then he handed the front-door key to the carpenter and said, “This is your house... my 8 to you.” The carpenter was 9 ! If he had only known he was building his own house, he would have done it all so 10 . So it is with us. We 11 our lives day by day, often putting less than our best into the building. Then, with shock, we 12 we have to live in the house we have built. If we could do it over, we would do it much differently. But you cannot go back. You are the carpenter of your life. Each day you hammer a nail, place a board, or construct a wall. Someone once said, “Life is a do-it-yourself 13 .” Your attitude and the 14 you make today help build the “house” you will live in tomorrow. Therefore, build 15 ! 1．A．remove B．manage C．leave D．develop 2．A．busy B．wealthy C．healthy D．relaxing 3．A．happy B．sorry C．afraid D．eager 4．A．agreed B．cheated C．survived D．arrived 5．A．focused on B．applied for C．gave away D．put in 6．A．preserve B．save C．end D．promote 7．A．decorate B．inspect C．donate D．clean 8．A．gift B．dream C．business D．hope 9．A．stressed B．disappointed C．confused D．shocked 10．A．bravely B．quickly C．unwillingly D．differently 11．A．change B．start C．build D．influence 12．A．wish B．realize C．pretend D．imagine 13．A．game B．store C．project D．joke 14．A．choices B．mistakes C．profits D．rules 15．A．digitally B．wisely C．secretly D．illegally 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 4 Period 2 Reading and Thinking分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.space exploration 2.satisfy curiosity 3.escape Earth's gravity 4.succeed in entering space 5.step onto the moon 6.despite the huge risks 7.carry on exploring 8.make great progress 9.independently send humans into space 10.orbit Earth 11.complete a spacewalk 12.establish a space station 13.explore the surface of the moon 14.valuable data 15.make great contributions to... 16.the secrets of the universe 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.gravity 2.independently 3.transmit 4.establish 5.spacecraft 6.valuable 7.orbit 8.Despite 三、单句语法填空。 1.independently 2.making 3.are inspired 4.facing 5.to explore 6.that/which 7.greater 8.transmitted 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.dating back to 2.carry on 3.made great progress 4.orbited Earth 5.hope to 6.the secrets 7.establish a space station 8.make greater contributions 五、语法填空 1.those 2.independently 3.successfully 4.which 5.followed 6.marking 7.establishing 8.valuable 9.are inspired 10.if 六、阅读理解 1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】文章主要讲述了绿色和蓝色自然环境对身心健康的益处及原因。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“A report published last year, based on people from 18 countries, found that adults with better mental health, often played in or near coastal waters when they were children. (去年发表的一份基于18个国家人群的报告发现，心理健康状况较好的成年人，在童年时经常在沿海水域或附近玩耍。)”可知，童年时期的沿海经历能改善成年人的心理健康。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Actually, a study in 2019 in Psychology found that after children took a 30-minute walk in a natural environment — with open grass fields, farmland, and forest areas — they had a faster, clearer pattern of responses to a series of attention-related tests than they did after walking through a city. (事实上，2019年发表在《心理学》杂志上的一项研究发现，孩子们在自然环境中（有开阔的草地、农田和森林区域）散步30分钟后，他们对一系列注意力相关测试的反应模式比在城市中散步后更快、更清晰。)”可知，孩子们在自然环境中散步后，注意力会更集中。 3．词句猜测题。根据第五段“Besides attracting your involuntary (无意的) attention, spending time in nature can elicit what’s called “soft fascination”, a safe, pleasant experience that’s interesting but doesn’t require your full attention. (除了吸引你无意识的注意力外，花时间在大自然中还能elicit所谓的“柔和魅力”，这是一种安全、愉快的体验，很有趣，但不需要你全神贯注。)”可知，此处指大自然能引发“柔和魅力”，elicit意为“引发，导致”。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“There’s plenty of data supporting the mental health benefits of both green and blue settings. (有大量数据支持绿色和蓝色环境对心理健康的益处。)”及全文可知，文章主要讲述了绿色和蓝色自然环境对身心健康的益处及原因，所以B项“Nature Is Really Good Medicine (大自然真的是良药)”适合作为文章标题。 七、七选五 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．G 【导语】本文主要介绍了培养良好高中学习习惯的五种实用方法，涵盖学习空间、计划、休息、笔记与求助等方面。 1．上文“High school is a critical period for learning and personal growth, and good study habits are essential for academic success. (高中是学习和个人成长的关键时期，良好的学习习惯对学业成功至关重要)”提到良好的学习习惯很重要，要养成有效的学习习惯，下文“A fixed study space helps your brain connect the area with learning, making it easier to focus when you start studying. It should be quiet, well-lit, and free of distractions like phones or loud music. It doesn’t have to be big — a small desk in your bedroom works if it is only for studying. (一个固定的学习空间有助于你的大脑将该区域与学习联系起来，使你在开始学习时更容易集中注意力。它应该安静、光线充足，没有手机或大声的音乐等干扰。它不一定很大——如果你卧室里有一张小书桌，而且只用于学习，那就足够了)”具体说明了要创造一个固定的、有条理的学习空间，A选项“创造一个固定的、有条理的学习空间”适合作为段落主旨句，承上启下，引出下文的具体介绍，符合语境。 2．上文“Making a detailed study plan is another key step to effective learning. Instead of studying without any purpose, make a clear daily or weekly schedule. List the subjects you need to review and set realistic goals for each task. (制定详细的学习计划是有效学习的另一个关键步骤。与其毫无目的地学习，不如制定一个清晰的每日或每周计划。列出你需要复习的科目，并为每个任务设定现实的目标)”提到要制定学习计划，设定目标，下文“For example, instead of “I will study English this evening,” try “I will memorize 20 new words and finish one reading comprehension passage this evening.” This way, you won’t feel overwhelmed and can clearly see how much you have accomplished.(例如，与其说“今晚我要学习英语”，不如说“今晚我要记住20个新单词，完成一篇阅读理解。”这样，你就不会感到不知所措，也能清楚地看到自己完成了多少)”举例说明要把大任务分解成小而具体的目标，B选项“把大任务分解成小而具体的目标”承上启下，契合下文举例内容，符合语境。 3．上文“Taking breaks is often ignored but plays a vital role in maintaining study efficiency. (休息常常被忽视，但在维持学习效率方面起着至关重要的作用)”提到休息对维持学习效率很重要，下文“If you study for hours without stopping, your brain will get tired, and your productivity will drop sharply. A good rule is to study for 45 — 60 minutes and then take a 5 — 10 minute break. You can walk, stretch, or look outside instead of using your phone, which helps your brain recharge quickly. (如果你连续学习几个小时不停，你的大脑会疲劳，你的效率会急剧下降。一个好的规则是学习45 — 60分钟，然后休息5 — 10分钟。你可以散步、伸展身体或看看外面，而不是使用手机，这有助于你的大脑快速充电)”具体说明了长时间连续学习会降低学习效率，D选项“长时间连续学习会降低你的学习效率”说明长时间学习的坏处，承上启下，符合语境。 4．上文“Effective note-taking can help you review and remember knowledge more easily. When listening to teachers or reading textbooks, don’t write down every word. (有效的记笔记可以帮助你更容易地复习和记住知识。当听老师讲课或阅读课本时，不要把每个字都写下来)”提到记笔记不要把每个字都写下来，下文“Focus on key points, main ideas, and important examples. Use simple symbols and headings to organize your notes, so you can quickly find the information you need when reviewing. (关注重点、主要观点和重要例子。使用简单的符号和标题来整理你的笔记，这样你在复习时就能迅速找到你需要的信息)”具体说明了要记录最重要的信息，C选项“你应该记录最重要的信息”承接上文，引出下文记笔记的方法，符合语境。 5．上文“No one can master all knowledge alone, so seeking help when needed is a smart study habit. (没有人能独自掌握所有知识，所以必要时寻求帮助是一种聪明的学习习惯)”提到必要时寻求帮助是一种聪明的学习习惯，下文“If you don’t understand a concept, don’t hesitate to ask your teacher for clarification after class. You can also study with classmates and discuss difficult problems together— explaining something to others can also deepen your own understanding. (如果你不理解一个概念，不要犹豫，下课后向老师请教。你也可以和同学一起学习，一起讨论难题——向别人解释某件事也能加深你自己的理解)”具体说明了寻求帮助的方式，G选项“寻求帮助不是软弱的表现，而是提高的方法”承上启下，引出下文的具体做法，符合语境。 八、完形填空 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．D 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．B 【导语】讲述了即将退休的木匠在建造最后一栋房子时偷工减料，最终发现房子竟是雇主送给自己的礼物，从而感悟到人生态度的故事。 1．考查动词。句意：他告诉他的雇主，他计划退出房屋建筑行业，与家人一起过轻松的生活。A. remove移除；B. manage管理；C. leave离开；D. develop发展。根据上文“An elderly carpenter was ready to retire.”可知，老木匠准备退休，所以此处指他计划退出房屋建筑行业。 2．考查形容词。句意：他告诉他的雇主，他计划退出房屋建筑行业，与家人一起过轻松的生活。A. busy忙碌的；B. wealthy富有的；C. healthy健康的；D. relaxing轻松的。根据上文“An elderly carpenter was ready to retire.”可知，老木匠准备退休，所以他想和家人过轻松的生活。 3．考查形容词。句意：雇主看到他的好工人要走了，感到很遗憾，于是请他作为个人帮忙再建最后一座房子。A. happy高兴的；B. sorry遗憾的；C. afraid害怕的；D. eager渴望的。根据下文“to see his good worker go and asked him to build one last house as a personal favor”可知，雇主看到他的好工人要走了，感到很遗憾。 4．考查动词。句意：木匠同意了，但他的心已不在工作上了。A. agreed同意；B. cheated欺骗；C. survived幸存；D. arrived到达。根据下文“but his heart was not in his work”可知，木匠虽然同意了，但心思已不在工作上了。 5．考查动词短语。句意：他使用了劣质材料，几乎没有付出什么努力。A. focused on专注于；B. applied for申请；C. gave away赠送；D. put in投入。根据上文“He used poor materials”可知，木匠使用了劣质材料，几乎没有付出什么努力。 6．考查动词。句意：对于一个敬业的职业来说，这是一种不幸的结束方式。A. preserve保护；B. save拯救；C. end结束；D. promote提升。根据上文“He used poor materials and5little effort.”可知，木匠建造最后一座房子时敷衍了事，这对于一个敬业的职业来说是一种不幸的结束方式。 7．考查动词。句意：当木匠完成工作时，他的雇主来检查房子。A. decorate装饰；B. inspect检查；C. donate捐赠；D. clean打扫。根据下文“Then he handed the front-door key to the carpenter”可知，雇主来检查房子，然后把前门的钥匙交给了木匠。 8．考查名词。句意：然后他把前门的钥匙递给木匠，说：“这是你的房子……我送给你的礼物。”A. gift礼物；B. dream梦想；C. business生意；D. hope希望。根据下文“If he had only known he was building his own house”可知，这座房子是雇主送给木匠的礼物。 9．考查形容词。句意：木匠感到震惊！A. stressed紧张的；B. disappointed失望的；C. confused困惑的；D. shocked震惊的。根据下文“If he had only known he was building his own house”可知，如果木匠知道他建的是自己的房子，他就不会敷衍了事，所以当得知这座房子是送给他的礼物时，他感到震惊。 10．考查副词。句意：如果他早知道他是在建造自己的房子，他就会做得完全不同。A. bravely勇敢地；B. quickly快速地；C. unwillingly不情愿地；D. differently不同地。根据上文“If he had only known he was building his own house”可知，如果木匠知道他建的是自己的房子，他就会做得完全不同。 11．考查动词。句意：我们一天天建造我们的生活，常常没有全力以赴。A. change改变；B. start开始；C. build建造；D. influence影响。根据下文“often putting less than our best into the building”可知，此处指我们一天天建造我们的生活。 12．考查动词。句意：然后，震惊地意识到，我们不得不住在自己建造的房子里。A. wish希望；B. realize意识到；C. pretend假装；D. imagine想象。根据下文“we have to live in the house we have built”可知，我们不得不住在自己建造的房子里，这是我们震惊地意识到的事情。 13．考查名词。句意：有人说:“生活是一个自己动手的项目。”A. game游戏；B. store商店；C. project项目；D. joke玩笑。根据下文“Your attitude and the14you make today help build the “house” you will live in tomorrow.”可知，生活是一个自己动手建造房子的项目。 14．考查名词。句意：你今天的态度和选择帮助你建造明天要住的“房子”。A. choices选择；B. mistakes错误；C. profits利润；D. rules规则。根据下文“help build the “house” you will live in tomorrow”可知，你今天的态度和选择会影响你未来生活的质量。 15．考查副词。句意：因此，明智地建造吧！A. digitally数字地；B. wisely明智地；C. secretly秘密地；D. illegally非法地。根据上文“Your attitude and the ____ you make today help build the “house” you will live in tomorrow.”可知，你今天的态度和选择会影响你未来生活的质量，所以应该明智地建造。 $Unit 4 Period 2 Reading and Thinking分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1.太空探索 ________________________ 2.满足好奇心 ________________________ 3.逃离地球引力 ________________________ 4.成功进入太空 ________________________ 5.登上月球 ________________________ 6.尽管巨大的风险 ________________________ 7.继续探索 ________________________ 8.取得巨大进步 ________________________ 9.独立将人类送入太空 ___________________ 10.绕地球轨道运行 ________________________ 11.完成太空行走 ________________________12.建立空间站 ________________________ 13.探索月球表面 ________________________14.珍贵的数据 ________________________ 15.对…… 做出巨大贡献 ________________ 16.宇宙的奥秘 ________________________ 【答案】 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.space exploration 2.satisfy curiosity 3.escape Earth's gravity 4.succeed in entering space 5.step onto the moon 6.despite the huge risks 7.carry on exploring 8.make great progress 9.independently send humans into space 10.orbit Earth 11.complete a spacewalk 12.establish a space station 13.explore the surface of the moon 14.valuable data 15.make great contributions to... 16.the secrets of the universe 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.The moon goes around the Earth because of the pull of ________(重力). 2.China can ________(独立地) send human beings into space by itself. 3.The space station can ________(传输) important information to the Earth. 4.Our country plans to ________(建立) a more advanced space station soon. 5.The ________(航天器) circled the moon and collected lots of data. 6.Scientists have made many ________(珍贵的) discoveries in space exploration. 7.Thousands of man-made satellites ________(绕…… 轨道运行) the Earth now. 8.________(尽管) the huge risks, they keep exploring the universe bravely. 【答案】 1.gravity 2.independently 3.transmit 4.establish 5.spacecraft 6.valuable 7.orbit 8.Despite 三、单句语法填空。 1.China became the third country ____________ (independent) to send humans into space. 2.Yang Liwei orbited Earth successfully, ____________ (make) the whole nation proud. 3.Many people ____________ (inspire) by the great achievements of space exploration. 4.Despite ____________ (face) huge risks, scientists continue to explore the universe. 5.The probe was sent into space ____________ (explore) the surface of the moon. 6.This is the space lab ____________ was launched by China a few years ago. 7.If we work harder, we will make even ____________ (great) contributions to space science. 8.The information ____________ (transmit) from the spacecraft is very valuable. 【答案】 1.independently 2.making 3.are inspired 4.facing 5.to explore 6.that/which 7.greater 8.transmitted 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.这座可追溯到明代的古庙受到当地政府的保护。 The ancient temple ________________________ the Ming Dynasty is under the protection of the local government. 2.尽管有巨大风险，人们仍将继续探索太空。 People will ________________________ exploring space despite huge risks. 3.中国在太空探索方面取得了巨大进步。 China has ________________________ in space exploration. 4.杨利伟成功地绕地球轨道运行。 Yang Liwei successfully ________________________ in the spacecraft. 5.我们希望在太空发现适合生命生存的星球。 We ________________________ find planets suitable for life in space. 6.探索太空帮助人类了解宇宙的奥秘。 Exploring space helps humans learn ________________________ of the universe. 7.中国计划未来建立自己的空间站。 China plans to ________________________ on its own in the future. 8.我们应该为世界科学做出更大贡献。 We should ________________________ to world science. 【答案】 1.dating back to 2.carry on 3.made great progress 4.orbited Earth 5.hope to 6.the secrets 7.establish a space station 8.make greater contributions 五、语法填空 China’s space programme started later than 1.________ (those) of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress in a short time. In 2003, China became the third country in the world to send humans into space 2.________ (independent). Yang Liwei 3.________ (successful) orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft, 4.________ made the whole nation proud. Later, Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, 5.________ (follow) by the Jade Rabbit probe sent to the moon. China also launched the Tiangong 2 space lab and Tianzhou 1 cargo spacecraft, 6.________ (mark) a step closer to 7.________ (establish) its own space station. More recently, Chang’e 4 has explored the far side of the moon and provided 8.________ (value) data for scientists. Many people 9.________ (inspire) by China’s achievements. We believe 10.________ China continues to work hard, it will make even greater contributions to space science. 【答案】 1.those 2.independently 3.successfully 4.which 5.followed 6.marking 7.establishing 8.valuable 9.are inspired 10.if 六、阅读理解 （2025-2026高一下·河南周口·期中））There’s plenty of data supporting the mental health benefits of both green and blue settings. Research has shown, for example, that the Japanese practice of “forest bathing”, which includes slowly walking in a forest and breathing in the fresh air — reduces people’s blood pressure and improves their mental health. A report published last year, based on people from 18 countries, found that adults with better mental health, often played in or near coastal waters when they were children. Earlier research found that people who live in homes with views of blue space in the city of Wellington, New Zealand, had lower levels of mental stress than those whose homes have green spaces. There are many possible reasons behind the benefits of connecting to green or blue natural settings. One explanation is that these benefits likely come from what’s called attention restoration theory (恢复理论), which suggests that connecting to nature helps reduce mental tiredness and improves the ability to focus. Actually, a study in 2019 in Psychology found that after children took a 30-minute walk in a natural environment — with open grass fields, farmland, and forest areas — they had a faster, clearer pattern of responses to a series of attention-related tests than they did after walking through a city. Besides attracting your involuntary (无意的) attention, spending time in nature can elicit what’s called “soft fascination”, a safe, pleasant experience that’s interesting but doesn’t require your full attention. “This way, your mind is free and you can think about things at the same time,” says Marc Berman, a professor at the University of Chicago. “When people are in nature, they are likely to think about topics related to spirituality and their life journey.” Another explanation for why nature has an almost medicinal effect on the body and mind is called the biophilia hypothesis (亲生命假说), which suggests humans have an inborn wish to connect with nature and other forms of life. 1．What is found about coastal experiences in childhood? A．They inspire interest in the sea. B．They affect school performance. C．They improve adult mental health. D．They lower blood pressure quickly. 2．What will happen to children after walking in natural environments? A．They will be more intelligent. B．They will move faster. C．They will begin to love nature. D．They will be more focused. 3．What does the underlined word “elicit” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Refuse. B．Limit. C．Understand. D．Cause. 4．What can be the best title for this text? A．Nature Has a Lot of choices B．Nature Is Really Good Medicine C．A Happy Childhood Supports a Lifetime D．Green and Blue Settings Are Challenged 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】文章主要讲述了绿色和蓝色自然环境对身心健康的益处及原因。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“A report published last year, based on people from 18 countries, found that adults with better mental health, often played in or near coastal waters when they were children. (去年发表的一份基于18个国家人群的报告发现，心理健康状况较好的成年人，在童年时经常在沿海水域或附近玩耍。)”可知，童年时期的沿海经历能改善成年人的心理健康。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Actually, a study in 2019 in Psychology found that after children took a 30-minute walk in a natural environment — with open grass fields, farmland, and forest areas — they had a faster, clearer pattern of responses to a series of attention-related tests than they did after walking through a city. (事实上，2019年发表在《心理学》杂志上的一项研究发现，孩子们在自然环境中（有开阔的草地、农田和森林区域）散步30分钟后，他们对一系列注意力相关测试的反应模式比在城市中散步后更快、更清晰。)”可知，孩子们在自然环境中散步后，注意力会更集中。 3．词句猜测题。根据第五段“Besides attracting your involuntary (无意的) attention, spending time in nature can elicit what’s called “soft fascination”, a safe, pleasant experience that’s interesting but doesn’t require your full attention. (除了吸引你无意识的注意力外，花时间在大自然中还能elicit所谓的“柔和魅力”，这是一种安全、愉快的体验，很有趣，但不需要你全神贯注。)”可知，此处指大自然能引发“柔和魅力”，elicit意为“引发，导致”。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“There’s plenty of data supporting the mental health benefits of both green and blue settings. (有大量数据支持绿色和蓝色环境对心理健康的益处。)”及全文可知，文章主要讲述了绿色和蓝色自然环境对身心健康的益处及原因，所以B项“Nature Is Really Good Medicine (大自然真的是良药)”适合作为文章标题。 七、七选五 （2025-2026高一下·江苏扬州·期中）How to Build Good Study Habits for High School Success High school is a critical period for learning and personal growth, and good study habits are essential for academic success. Many students struggle with studying in distracting environments, which leads to frustration and poor grades. The good news is that you can develop effective habits with small but continuous efforts. 1 A fixed study space helps your brain connect the area with learning, making it easier to focus when you start studying. It should be quiet, well-lit, and free of distractions like phones or loud music. It doesn’t have to be big — a small desk in your bedroom works if it is only for studying. Keep your space clean and your supplies within reach so you won’t waste time looking for things. Making a detailed study plan is another key step to effective learning. Instead of studying without any purpose, make a clear daily or weekly schedule. List the subjects you need to review and set realistic goals for each task. 2 For example, instead of “I will study English this evening,” try “I will memorize 20 new words and finish one reading comprehension passage this evening.” This way, you won’t feel overwhelmed and can clearly see how much you have accomplished. Taking breaks is often ignored but plays a vital role in maintaining study efficiency. 3 If you study for hours without stopping, your brain will get tired, and your productivity will drop sharply. A good rule is to study for 45 — 60 minutes and then take a 5 — 10 minute break. You can walk, stretch, or look outside instead of using your phone, which helps your brain recharge quickly. Effective note-taking can help you review and remember knowledge more easily. When listening to teachers or reading textbooks, don’t write down every word. 4 Focus on key points, main ideas, and important examples. Use simple symbols and headings to organize your notes, so you can quickly find the information you need when reviewing. No one can master all knowledge alone, so seeking help when needed is a smart study habit. 5 If you don’t understand a concept, don’t hesitate to ask your teacher for clarification after class. You can also study with classmates and discuss difficult problems together — explaining something to others can also deepen your own understanding. A．Create a fixed and organized study space. B．Break down big tasks into small, specific goals. C．You should record the most important information instead. D．Long-time continuous study will reduce your learning efficiency. E．A clean study space can help you stay in a good mood. F．Studying with friends is more interesting than studying alone. G．Asking for help is not a sign of weakness but a way to improve. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．G 【导语】本文主要介绍了培养良好高中学习习惯的五种实用方法，涵盖学习空间、计划、休息、笔记与求助等方面。 1．上文“High school is a critical period for learning and personal growth, and good study habits are essential for academic success. (高中是学习和个人成长的关键时期，良好的学习习惯对学业成功至关重要)”提到良好的学习习惯很重要，要养成有效的学习习惯，下文“A fixed study space helps your brain connect the area with learning, making it easier to focus when you start studying. It should be quiet, well-lit, and free of distractions like phones or loud music. It doesn’t have to be big — a small desk in your bedroom works if it is only for studying. (一个固定的学习空间有助于你的大脑将该区域与学习联系起来，使你在开始学习时更容易集中注意力。它应该安静、光线充足，没有手机或大声的音乐等干扰。它不一定很大——如果你卧室里有一张小书桌，而且只用于学习，那就足够了)”具体说明了要创造一个固定的、有条理的学习空间，A选项“创造一个固定的、有条理的学习空间”适合作为段落主旨句，承上启下，引出下文的具体介绍，符合语境。 2．上文“Making a detailed study plan is another key step to effective learning. Instead of studying without any purpose, make a clear daily or weekly schedule. List the subjects you need to review and set realistic goals for each task. (制定详细的学习计划是有效学习的另一个关键步骤。与其毫无目的地学习，不如制定一个清晰的每日或每周计划。列出你需要复习的科目，并为每个任务设定现实的目标)”提到要制定学习计划，设定目标，下文“For example, instead of “I will study English this evening,” try “I will memorize 20 new words and finish one reading comprehension passage this evening.” This way, you won’t feel overwhelmed and can clearly see how much you have accomplished.(例如，与其说“今晚我要学习英语”，不如说“今晚我要记住20个新单词，完成一篇阅读理解。”这样，你就不会感到不知所措，也能清楚地看到自己完成了多少)”举例说明要把大任务分解成小而具体的目标，B选项“把大任务分解成小而具体的目标”承上启下，契合下文举例内容，符合语境。 3．上文“Taking breaks is often ignored but plays a vital role in maintaining study efficiency. (休息常常被忽视，但在维持学习效率方面起着至关重要的作用)”提到休息对维持学习效率很重要，下文“If you study for hours without stopping, your brain will get tired, and your productivity will drop sharply. A good rule is to study for 45 — 60 minutes and then take a 5 — 10 minute break. You can walk, stretch, or look outside instead of using your phone, which helps your brain recharge quickly. (如果你连续学习几个小时不停，你的大脑会疲劳，你的效率会急剧下降。一个好的规则是学习45 — 60分钟，然后休息5 — 10分钟。你可以散步、伸展身体或看看外面，而不是使用手机，这有助于你的大脑快速充电)”具体说明了长时间连续学习会降低学习效率，D选项“长时间连续学习会降低你的学习效率”说明长时间学习的坏处，承上启下，符合语境。 4．上文“Effective note-taking can help you review and remember knowledge more easily. When listening to teachers or reading textbooks, don’t write down every word. (有效的记笔记可以帮助你更容易地复习和记住知识。当听老师讲课或阅读课本时，不要把每个字都写下来)”提到记笔记不要把每个字都写下来，下文“Focus on key points, main ideas, and important examples. Use simple symbols and headings to organize your notes, so you can quickly find the information you need when reviewing. (关注重点、主要观点和重要例子。使用简单的符号和标题来整理你的笔记，这样你在复习时就能迅速找到你需要的信息)”具体说明了要记录最重要的信息，C选项“你应该记录最重要的信息”承接上文，引出下文记笔记的方法，符合语境。 5．上文“No one can master all knowledge alone, so seeking help when needed is a smart study habit. (没有人能独自掌握所有知识，所以必要时寻求帮助是一种聪明的学习习惯)”提到必要时寻求帮助是一种聪明的学习习惯，下文“If you don’t understand a concept, don’t hesitate to ask your teacher for clarification after class. You can also study with classmates and discuss difficult problems together— explaining something to others can also deepen your own understanding. (如果你不理解一个概念，不要犹豫，下课后向老师请教。你也可以和同学一起学习，一起讨论难题——向别人解释某件事也能加深你自己的理解)”具体说明了寻求帮助的方式，G选项“寻求帮助不是软弱的表现，而是提高的方法”承上启下，引出下文的具体做法，符合语境。 八、完形填空 （2025-2026高一下·江西·阶段检测）An elderly carpenter (木匠) was ready to retire. He told his employer his plans to 1 the house-building business to live a 2 life with his family. He would miss the paycheck, but he needed to retire. The employer was 3 to see his good worker go and asked him to build one last house as a personal favor. The carpenter 4 , but his heart was not in his work. He used poor materials and 5 little effort. It was an unfortunate way to 6 a dedicated career. When the carpenter finished his work, his employer came to 7 the house. Then he handed the front-door key to the carpenter and said, “This is your house... my 8 to you.” The carpenter was 9 ! If he had only known he was building his own house, he would have done it all so 10 . So it is with us. We 11 our lives day by day, often putting less than our best into the building. Then, with shock, we 12 we have to live in the house we have built. If we could do it over, we would do it much differently. But you cannot go back. You are the carpenter of your life. Each day you hammer a nail, place a board, or construct a wall. Someone once said, “Life is a do-it-yourself 13 .” Your attitude and the 14 you make today help build the “house” you will live in tomorrow. Therefore, build 15 ! 1．A．remove B．manage C．leave D．develop 2．A．busy B．wealthy C．healthy D．relaxing 3．A．happy B．sorry C．afraid D．eager 4．A．agreed B．cheated C．survived D．arrived 5．A．focused on B．applied for C．gave away D．put in 6．A．preserve B．save C．end D．promote 7．A．decorate B．inspect C．donate D．clean 8．A．gift B．dream C．business D．hope 9．A．stressed B．disappointed C．confused D．shocked 10．A．bravely B．quickly C．unwillingly D．differently 11．A．change B．start C．build D．influence 12．A．wish B．realize C．pretend D．imagine 13．A．game B．store C．project D．joke 14．A．choices B．mistakes C．profits D．rules 15．A．digitally B．wisely C．secretly D．illegally 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．D 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．B 【导语】讲述了即将退休的木匠在建造最后一栋房子时偷工减料，最终发现房子竟是雇主送给自己的礼物，从而感悟到人生态度的故事。 1．考查动词。句意：他告诉他的雇主，他计划退出房屋建筑行业，与家人一起过轻松的生活。A. remove移除；B. manage管理；C. leave离开；D. develop发展。根据上文“An elderly carpenter was ready to retire.”可知，老木匠准备退休，所以此处指他计划退出房屋建筑行业。 2．考查形容词。句意：他告诉他的雇主，他计划退出房屋建筑行业，与家人一起过轻松的生活。A. busy忙碌的；B. wealthy富有的；C. healthy健康的；D. relaxing轻松的。根据上文“An elderly carpenter was ready to retire.”可知，老木匠准备退休，所以他想和家人过轻松的生活。 3．考查形容词。句意：雇主看到他的好工人要走了，感到很遗憾，于是请他作为个人帮忙再建最后一座房子。A. happy高兴的；B. sorry遗憾的；C. afraid害怕的；D. eager渴望的。根据下文“to see his good worker go and asked him to build one last house as a personal favor”可知，雇主看到他的好工人要走了，感到很遗憾。 4．考查动词。句意：木匠同意了，但他的心已不在工作上了。A. agreed同意；B. cheated欺骗；C. survived幸存；D. arrived到达。根据下文“but his heart was not in his work”可知，木匠虽然同意了，但心思已不在工作上了。 5．考查动词短语。句意：他使用了劣质材料，几乎没有付出什么努力。A. focused on专注于；B. applied for申请；C. gave away赠送；D. put in投入。根据上文“He used poor materials”可知，木匠使用了劣质材料，几乎没有付出什么努力。 6．考查动词。句意：对于一个敬业的职业来说，这是一种不幸的结束方式。A. preserve保护；B. save拯救；C. end结束；D. promote提升。根据上文“He used poor materials and5little effort.”可知，木匠建造最后一座房子时敷衍了事，这对于一个敬业的职业来说是一种不幸的结束方式。 7．考查动词。句意：当木匠完成工作时，他的雇主来检查房子。A. decorate装饰；B. inspect检查；C. donate捐赠；D. clean打扫。根据下文“Then he handed the front-door key to the carpenter”可知，雇主来检查房子，然后把前门的钥匙交给了木匠。 8．考查名词。句意：然后他把前门的钥匙递给木匠，说：“这是你的房子……我送给你的礼物。”A. gift礼物；B. dream梦想；C. business生意；D. hope希望。根据下文“If he had only known he was building his own house”可知，这座房子是雇主送给木匠的礼物。 9．考查形容词。句意：木匠感到震惊！A. stressed紧张的；B. disappointed失望的；C. confused困惑的；D. shocked震惊的。根据下文“If he had only known he was building his own house”可知，如果木匠知道他建的是自己的房子，他就不会敷衍了事，所以当得知这座房子是送给他的礼物时，他感到震惊。 10．考查副词。句意：如果他早知道他是在建造自己的房子，他就会做得完全不同。A. bravely勇敢地；B. quickly快速地；C. unwillingly不情愿地；D. differently不同地。根据上文“If he had only known he was building his own house”可知，如果木匠知道他建的是自己的房子，他就会做得完全不同。 11．考查动词。句意：我们一天天建造我们的生活，常常没有全力以赴。A. change改变；B. start开始；C. build建造；D. influence影响。根据下文“often putting less than our best into the building”可知，此处指我们一天天建造我们的生活。 12．考查动词。句意：然后，震惊地意识到，我们不得不住在自己建造的房子里。A. wish希望；B. realize意识到；C. pretend假装；D. imagine想象。根据下文“we have to live in the house we have built”可知，我们不得不住在自己建造的房子里，这是我们震惊地意识到的事情。 13．考查名词。句意：有人说:“生活是一个自己动手的项目。”A. game游戏；B. store商店；C. project项目；D. joke玩笑。根据下文“Your attitude and the14you make today help build the “house” you will live in tomorrow.”可知，生活是一个自己动手建造房子的项目。 14．考查名词。句意：你今天的态度和选择帮助你建造明天要住的“房子”。A. choices选择；B. mistakes错误；C. profits利润；D. rules规则。根据下文“help build the “house” you will live in tomorrow”可知，你今天的态度和选择会影响你未来生活的质量。 15．考查副词。句意：因此，明智地建造吧！A. digitally数字地；B. wisely明智地；C. secretly秘密地；D. illegally非法地。根据上文“Your attitude and the ____ you make today help build the “house” you will live in tomorrow.”可知，你今天的态度和选择会影响你未来生活的质量，所以应该明智地建造。 $