Unit 3 Period 2 Reading and Thinking（分层作业）英语人教版必修第三册

Unit 3 Period 2 Reading and Thinking分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1.过去常常做某事 ____________________ 2.(朝……)前进；(向……)去 ____________________ 3.导致；引起；造成；带来 ____________________ 4.除了……外(还)；此外 ____________________ 5.寻找成功致富之路；闯世界 ____________________ 6.谋生 ____________________ 7.一系列或一连串(事件) ____________________ 8.承认做(了)某事 ____________________ 9.允许某人进入⋯⋯ ____________________ 10.申请加入 ____________________ 11.确切的答复 ____________________ 12.某人突然想到…… ____________________ 13.习惯于(做)某事 ____________________ 14.被用来做某事 ____________________ 15.回到…… ____________________ 16.保持冷静 ____________________ 17.惊慌失措 ____________________ 18.试图/设法做某事 ____________________ 19.找遍；搜查遍 ____________________ 20.赢得某人的尊敬 ____________________ 21.挑选某物作为…… ____________________ 22.取出；出版；使显现 ____________________ 23.抚养；抚育；呕吐 ____________________ 24.使……结束 ____________________ 25.声称做某事 ____________________ 26.夺去某人的生命 ____________________ 27.索赔 ____________________ 28.少数民族 ____________________ 29.从……逃跑 ____________________ 30.没有被做……；逃脱被做…… _________________ 31.死里逃生 ____________________ 【答案】 1.used to do sth. 2. head to / head for / towards 3. bring about 4. apart from 5. seek one's fortune 6. earn a living 7. (a) series of 8. admit doing/ having done sth. 9. admit sb. to/ into… 10. apply for admission 11. a definite answer 12. Sth. occurred to sb. / It occurred to sb. that... / It struck/ hit sb. that… 13. be/ get used to (doing) sth. 14. be used to do sth. 15. head back to 16. keep one's head 17. lose one's head 18. seek to do sth. 19. seek through 20. earn the respect of sb. 21. elect sb./ sth. as… 22. bring out 23. bring up 24. bring an end to (= put an end to) 25. claim to do sth. 26. claim sb.'s life 27. make a claim 28. ethnic minority 29. escape from 30. escape being done 31. have a narrow escape 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1．No one shall _________ (逃避) being punished if he has done wrong. 2．For people, who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is _________ (肯定地) making noise. 3．Little Mary was _________ (选中) to compete in the speech contest. 4．China has always been _________ (寻求) a more appropriate way for its development. 5．There are many old buildings in this _________ (区域). 6．He lives in the _________ (市中心), which is convenient for him to do shopping. 7．Tangshan Earthquake _________ (发生) in 1976. 8．Orange trees are a symbol of good _________ (运气) and wealth. 9．If we _________ (承认) it is a door, they’ll want to go outside constantly. 10．The company ________ (声称) that this product can make you thin without dieting. 【答案】 1．escape 2．definitely 3．selected 4．seeking 5．district/area 6．downtown 7．occurred 8．fortune 9．admit 10．claims 三、单句语法填空。 1．Whether you’re a fitness coach or a beginner, making exercise part of your daily life is (definite) beneficial to your health. 2．We are going to hold the final interviews this Friday, and the applicants (admit) to the leadership program will be announced immediately afterwards. 3．I waited at the entrance to the railway station, (hope) to meet my friend. 4．We left the (select) of the team to the captain. 5．It didn’t occur to her (ask) for help. 6．The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a (live). 7．It is sure that he will (select) manager of the company. 8．American scientists claimed (find) the evidence of life on Mars. 9．He tried to escape (punish) but in vain. 10．The design of the house (influence) by European style. 【答案】 1．definitely 2．admitted 3．hoping 4．selection 5．to ask 6．living 7．be selected 8．to have found 9．punishment/being punished 10．is influenced 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．Her name __________. 我记不起她的名字了。 2．No one can __________________ if he breaks the law. 任何违法的人都逃脱不了惩罚。 3．The theory is based on ____________________. 这个理论是以一系列错误的假设为依据的。 4．I don’t want to set down ____________ in a diary as most people do. 我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。 5．I ____________ to understand modern art. 我自认为不懂现代艺术。 6．The cute girl _________________ by her grandparents and she grew up in the countryside. 这个可爱的女孩被她的祖父母抚养并且在乡村长大。 7．Never before had he _________________ in his life. 在他一生中以前从未赚这么多钱。 8．Many young people went to ____________ abroad. 许多年轻人去国外寻找财富。 【答案】 1．escaped me 2．escape being punished 3．a series of wrong assumptions 4．a series of facts 5．make no claim 6．was brought up 7．earned so much money 8．seek their fortune 五、语法填空 San Francisco is a great city, which was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that 1 (occur) in 1906.There are so many beautiful old buildings－many 2 (sit) on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge. Mission District is the oldest part of the city, 3 used to be a poor area, but now is a centre of art, music, and food. In fact, an art movement called the “Mission School” started here. It 4 (influence) by graffiti art and comic art. In 1848，America got California 5 Mexico, and gold was discovered near San Francisco. The dream of 6 (seek) their fortune quickly attracted people from all over the world, so San Francisco quickly became a big city. In fact, few achieved their dream of 7 (become) rich. 8 (earn) a living, some opened 9 shops and restaurants, some found jobs on farms, and others went to build the railway. It is those immigrants from different countries and cultures 10 built America. 【答案】 1.occurred 2．sitting 3．which 4．is influenced 5．from 6．seeking 7．becoming 8.To earn 9．up 10．that 六、阅读理解 （22-23高二上·浙江绍兴·期末）I would like to offer a concept of cities that goes against modern ones. 1 Such cities should be designed within the distance of a 15-minute walk or bike ride. What do we need to create 15-minute cities? First, we should start asking questions that we have forgotten. We need to look hard at how to use our square meters. For instance, what is that space for? Who is using it and how? We should understand what resources we have and how they are used. Then we need to ask what services are available in the vicinity(周围地区). We also have to ask ourselves: How do we work? 2 How do we get this done? 3 Mayor(市长)Anne Hidalgo has suggested a big bang of proximity(靠近), which includes, for example, a massive decentralization, developing new services for each of the districts --- a reduction of traffic by increasing bike lanes into spaces of leisure; new economic models to encourage local shops; building more green spaces; transforming existing infrastructure. That’s actually a golden rule for the 15-minute city: every square meter that’s already built should be used for different things. 4 First, the rhythm of the city should follow humans, not cars. Second, each square meter should serve different purposes. Finally, neighborhoods should be designed so that we can live, work and thrive in them without having to constantly commute elsewhere. It’s funny if you think of it: many modern cities are designed for saving time, and yet so much time is lost to commuting, sitting in traffic jams, driving to a mall. 5 A．I call it the 15-minute city. B．Citizens are actively involved in participation. C．The 15-minute should have three key features. D．The first city to adopt the 15-minute city idea is Paris. E．Why is the place I live in here, and work is far away? F．The 15-minute city idea answers the questions of saving time. G．A different pace of life --- a 15-minute pace can be just impossible. 1．A 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．F 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“15分钟城市”的设计理念、特点和作用。 1．根据上文“I would like to offer a concept of cities that goes against modern ones. （我想提出一个与现代城市相反的城市概念）”和下文“Such cities should be designed within the distance of a 15-minute walk or bike ride.（这样的城市应该设计在步行或骑自行车15分钟以内）”可知，这种新概念的城市到城市的任何地方只需要走路或骑车15分钟，因此可以叫做“15分钟城市”。A项“我把它叫做‘15分钟城市’”符合题意，选项中的it指代上文的a concept of cities。故选A。 2．空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“For instance, what is that space for? Who is using it and how? We should understand what resources we have and how they are used. Then we need to ask what services are available in the vicinity(周围地区). We also have to ask ourselves: How do we work? （例如，这个空间是用来做什么的？谁在使用它，如何使用？我们应该了解我们拥有什么资源以及如何使用它们。然后我们需要询问附近有什么服务。我们还必须问自己：我们如何工作？）”可知，上文提出了几个问题，由此推知空处也应是一个问句。E项“为什么我住的地方在这里，而工作又很远？”符合题意。故选E。 3．根据下文“Mayor(市长)Anne Hidalgo has suggested a big bang of proximity(靠近), which includes, for example, a massive decentralization, developing new services for each of the districts --- a reduction of traffic by increasing bike lanes into spaces of leisure; new economic models to encourage local shops（市长Anne Hidalgo提出了一个大范围的邻近性政策，其中包括大规模的分散化，为每个区发展新的服务设施——将自行车道增加为休闲空间，以减少交通流量;新的经济模式鼓励当地的商店）”可知，下文提到了某个城市的市长关于“15分钟城市”的规划。由此推知，空处应提出具体是那个城市。D项“第一个采用15分钟城市理念的城市是巴黎”符合题意，选项中的Paris呼应下文的mayor。故选D。 4．空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“First, the rhythm of the city should follow humans, not cars. Second, each square meter should serve different purposes. Finally, neighborhoods should be designed so that we can live, work and thrive in them without having to constantly commute elsewhere.（首先，城市的节奏应该跟随人类，而不是汽车。第二，每平方米应该有不同的用途。最后，社区的设计应该使我们能够在其中生活、工作和繁荣，而不必经常在其他地方通勤）”可知，本段主要介绍了“15分钟城市”的三个基本特征。C项“‘15分钟城市’应该有三个主要特点”符合题意。故选C。 5．根据上文“It’s funny if you think of it: many modern cities are designed for saving time, and yet so much time is lost to commuting, sitting in traffic jams, driving to a mall.（想想看，这很有趣：许多现代城市都是为了节省时间而设计的，但很多时间却浪费在通勤、坐在交通堵塞中、开车去购物中心上）”可知，许多现代设计浪费了人们的很多时间，由此推知，空处陈述“15分钟城市”可以节约时间。F项“15分钟的城市创意回答了节省时间的问题”符合题意。故选F。 七、七选五 （2022·全国甲卷·高考真题）Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city. Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city. “I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted. “How do you mean?” I asked. “Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.” Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).” On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.” He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries. 1．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．Sydney’s striking architecture. B．The cultural diversity of Sydney. C．The key to Sydney’s development. D．Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s. 2．What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds? A．He goes to work by boat. B．He looks forward to a new life. C．He pilots catamarans well. D．He is attached to the old ferries. 3．What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney? A．It is losing its traditions. B．It should speed up its progress. C．It should expand its population. D．It is becoming more international. 4．Which statement will the author probably agree with? A．A city can be young and old at the same time. B．A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic. C．Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance. D．Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign. 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了悉尼城市发展中对于现代化和传统保护的困惑，并提出“一座城市可以同时年轻和年老”的观点。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. (20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了自己的港口。)”和最后一句“But it is the harbor that makes the city.(但正是港口造就了这座城市。)”可知，第一段主要是讲悉尼发展的关键。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段““I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.(“我会想念这些旧船的，”我们分手时他说。)”和第五段第二句“Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot.(双体船更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣。)”可知，Andrew Reynolds喜欢那些旧渡船。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第六段第二句中的“in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings(在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼抛弃了许多过去的东西，包括许多最漂亮的建筑)”和第四句“We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one.(我们似乎无法决定是要一个现代的城市还是一个传统的城市。)”可知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼正在丢失传统。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions.(另一方面，同时年轻和年老也有它的吸引力。)”可知，作者会认同“一座城市可以同时年轻和年老”的观点。故选A。 八、完形填空 Lakira noticed that a 10th grader, Jonny, often ate alone in the school cafeteria. Jonny has autism (孤独症), which makes social interactions 1   at times. One day, Lakira decided to join Jonny and they became fast friends. Jonny often experienced 2 and nervousness on the first day of each new school year. He worried he would 3 to make new friends. Thanks to Lakira, this year was 4 . He looked forward to joining his friend at lunch, and his whole world 5 . He would go home and talk excitedly about Lakira. His mother noticed the change in her son. He appeared happier and more 6 , and looked forward to going to school. It was clear to his mother just 7 Lakira’s friendship meant to Jonny, and she wanted all kids to 8 the same positive transformation. So with Jonny and Lakira, she got the idea of forming a friendship 9 in their school, named “Not Alone Club”. More than 100 students 10 and promised to join and talk to the student eating alone. Lunchtime at school is different now for the kids who 11 sat alone in the school cafeteria. Now, every seat at Jonny’s lunch table is 12 . Loud chatter and laughter can be heard 13 from the cheerful group of new friends. It’s inspiring for the 14 to come together and do this. 15 the group together is an example to Jonny that people can do anything they put their minds to, especially doing it together. 1．A．shy B．positive C．popular D．difficult 2．A．anger B．excitement C．anxiety D．shame 3．A．struggle B．quarrel C．apologize D．flee 4．A．different B．similar C．ordinary D．appropriate 5．A．withdrew B．shrank C．expanded D．brightened 6．A．nervous B．determined C．confident D．independent 7．A．what if B．if only C．even though D．how much 8．A．suffer B．approach C．experience D．consider 9．A．club B．atmosphere C．rule D．measure 10．A．pulled in B．signed up C．set off D．left behind 11．A．specially B．eventually C．normally D．frequently 12．A．occupied B．filled C．employed D．emptied 13．A．differing B．ranging C．erupting D．varying 14．A．kids B．teachers C．parents D．schools 15．A．Breaking B．Mixing C．Producing D．Forming 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了患有自闭症的Jonny在学校很难交到朋友，后来Lakira和他成为了朋友，友谊让Jonny有了很大改变，Jonny的妈妈注意到了这种变化，因此在学校成立了友谊俱乐部，鼓励同学们和那些独自用餐的学生交朋友。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jonny患有自闭症，有时会使社交变得困难。A. shy害羞的；B. positive积极的；C. popular流行的；D. difficult困难的。根据上文“Jonny, often ate alone in the school cafeteria”可知，Jonny常一个人在学校的自助餐厅吃饭，说明他在学校没有朋友，故此处指“有时会使社交变得困难”，故选D。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每个新学年的第一天，Jonny经常感到焦虑和紧张。A. anger愤怒；B. excitement兴奋；C. anxiety焦虑；D. shame羞愧。空处和“nervousness”并列，结合“on the first day of each new school year”可知，上学第一天应是焦虑、紧张，故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他担心自己很难交到新朋友。A. struggle艰难地行进；B. quarrel争吵；C. apologize道歉；D. flee逃跑。上文提到Jonny有孤独症，结合“worried”可知，他担心很难交到朋友，故选A。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多亏了Lakira，今年不一样了。A. different不同的；B. similar类似的；C. ordinary普通的；D. appropriate适当的。根据下文“He looked forward to joining his friend at lunch”可知，以前开学时会紧张，现在他盼望着去上学，故今年情况不同，故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他盼望着和朋友一起吃午饭，整个世界都明亮了。A. withdrew撤回；B. shrank缩小；C. expanded扩大；D. brightened(使)明亮。根据语境及下文“He would go home and talk excitedly about Lakira.(他回家后会兴奋地谈论Lakira)”可知，Jonny有了朋友，整个世界都变得明亮了，故选D。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他显得更快乐、更自信，盼望着去上学。A. nervous紧张的；B. determined坚定的；C. confident自信的；D. independent独立的。空处和“happier”并列，结合上下文谈到的Jonny的变化可知，他更快乐，更自信了，故选C。 7．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他的母亲很清楚Lakira的友谊对Jonny有多重要，她希望所有的孩子都能经历同样的积极转变。A. what if如果……怎么办；B. if only要是……多好；C. even though即使；D. how much很多。结合上文“He would go home and talk excitedly about Lakira.(他回家后会兴奋地谈论Lakira)”和“His mother noticed the change in her son.(他的母亲注意到了儿子的变化)”可知，Jonny和Lakira成为朋友后变了很多，故此处指Lakira的友谊对Jonny意味着很多，故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. suffer遭受；B. approach接近；C. experience经历；D. consider考虑。结合下文“she got the idea of forming a friendship ___9___ in their school”提到她在学校成立友谊组织可知，她希望所有的孩子都能经历同样的积极转变，故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，她与Jonny和Lakira一起，萌生了在他们学校成立一个友谊俱乐部的想法，取名为“不孤单俱乐部”。A. club俱乐部；B. atmosphere氛围；C. rule规则；D. measure措施。根据“Not Alone Club”可知，此处指成立一个俱乐部，故选A。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：超过100名学生报名参加，并承诺加入独自用餐的学生并与之交谈。A. pulled in驶向路边停靠；B. signed up报名；C. set off动身；D. left behind遗留。根据“promised to join and talk to the student eating alone”可知，此处指报名参加俱乐部，承诺让独自用餐的学生不孤单，故选B。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：对于那些通常独自坐在学校自助餐厅的孩子们来说，现在学校的午餐时间已经不同了。A. specially特别；B. eventually最后；C. normally通常；D. frequently频繁地。根据上文“promised to join and talk to the student eating alone”可知，该俱乐部目的是让那些通常独自用餐的人不孤单，故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，Jonny午餐桌旁的每个座位都坐满了。A. occupied占据；B. filled填满；C. employed雇用；D. emptied腾空。根据空后“Loud chatter and laughter can be heard”以及“group of new friends”可知，能够听到新朋友的欢声笑语，所以他身边应是坐满了人，故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从这群兴高采烈的新朋友中可以听到大声的闲聊和笑声。A. differing不同于；B. ranging变化；C. erupting爆发；D. varying变化。结合空前的主语“Loud chatter and laughter”以及空后“from the cheerful group of new friends”可知，此处指听到欢声笑语从人群中爆发出来，故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们聚在一起做这件事是鼓舞人心的。A. kids孩子；B. teachers老师；C. parents父母；D. schools学校。结合上文内容以及“the cheerful group of new friends”可知，该俱乐部是在学校范围内，Jonny和新朋友们都是学生，故此处指“孩子们”，故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：组建团队对Jonny来说是一个榜样，人们可以做任何他们想做的事，尤其是一起做。A. Breaking打破；B. Mixing混合；C. Producing生产；D. Forming组织，建立。根据上文“she got the idea of forming a friendship ___9___ in their school”可知，此处是词汇复现，指“组建团队”，故选D。 假设你的学校本周组织了一次名为“发现身边的多元文化”的研学活动。请你写一篇英文研学日记。 内容要点： 1.简述你们前往的目的地及最初的感受； 2.描述你在该地的多元文化体验（如历史变迁、特色建筑、不同族群的饮食或艺术等）； 3.总结这种文化融合给城市或个人带来的积极影响。 【参考答案】 Saturday, 23 October This morning, my classmates and I headed to a famous historical street. I must admit that it is definitely a perfect place to experience diverse cultures and escape the busy city life. The guide told us that people from different countries used to come here to seek their fortune. Apart from the beautiful foreign-style buildings, the street is also home to several minority groups. We enjoyed a series of local dishes and bought some souvenirs. It is clear that the mixing of different traditions has brought about the unique charm of our city. I truly enjoyed my time here today! 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Period 2 Reading and Thinking分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1.过去常常做某事 ____________________ 2.(朝……)前进；(向……)去 ____________________ 3.导致；引起；造成；带来 ____________________ 4.除了……外(还)；此外 ____________________ 5.寻找成功致富之路；闯世界 ____________________ 6.谋生 ____________________ 7.一系列或一连串(事件) ____________________ 8.承认做(了)某事 ____________________ 9.允许某人进入⋯⋯ ____________________ 10.申请加入 ____________________ 11.确切的答复 ____________________ 12.某人突然想到…… ____________________ 13.习惯于(做)某事 ____________________ 14.被用来做某事 ____________________ 15.回到…… ____________________ 16.保持冷静 ____________________ 17.惊慌失措 ____________________ 18.试图/设法做某事 ____________________ 19.找遍；搜查遍 ____________________ 20.赢得某人的尊敬 ____________________ 21.挑选某物作为…… ____________________ 22.取出；出版；使显现 ____________________ 23.抚养；抚育；呕吐 ____________________ 24.使……结束 ____________________ 25.声称做某事 ____________________ 26.夺去某人的生命 ____________________ 27.索赔 ____________________ 28.少数民族 ____________________ 29.从……逃跑 ____________________ 30.没有被做……；逃脱被做…… _________________ 31.死里逃生 ____________________ 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1．No one shall _________ (逃避) being punished if he has done wrong. 2．For people, who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is _________ (肯定地) making noise. 3．Little Mary was _________ (选中) to compete in the speech contest. 4．China has always been _________ (寻求) a more appropriate way for its development. 5．There are many old buildings in this _________ (区域). 6．He lives in the _________ (市中心), which is convenient for him to do shopping. 7．Tangshan Earthquake _________ (发生) in 1976. 8．Orange trees are a symbol of good _________ (运气) and wealth. 9．If we _________ (承认) it is a door, they’ll want to go outside constantly. 10．The company ________ (声称) that this product can make you thin without dieting. 三、单句语法填空。 1．Whether you’re a fitness coach or a beginner, making exercise part of your daily life is (definite) beneficial to your health. 2．We are going to hold the final interviews this Friday, and the applicants (admit) to the leadership program will be announced immediately afterwards. 3．I waited at the entrance to the railway station, (hope) to meet my friend. 4．We left the (select) of the team to the captain. 5．It didn’t occur to her (ask) for help. 6．The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a (live). 7．It is sure that he will (select) manager of the company. 8．American scientists claimed (find) the evidence of life on Mars. 9．He tried to escape (punish) but in vain. 10．The design of the house (influence) by European style. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．Her name __________. 我记不起她的名字了。 2．No one can __________________ if he breaks the law. 任何违法的人都逃脱不了惩罚。 3．The theory is based on ____________________. 这个理论是以一系列错误的假设为依据的。 4．I don’t want to set down ____________ in a diary as most people do. 我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。 5．I ____________ to understand modern art. 我自认为不懂现代艺术。 6．The cute girl _________________ by her grandparents and she grew up in the countryside. 这个可爱的女孩被她的祖父母抚养并且在乡村长大。 7．Never before had he _________________ in his life. 在他一生中以前从未赚这么多钱。 8．Many young people went to ____________ abroad. 许多年轻人去国外寻找财富。 五、语法填空 San Francisco is a great city, which was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that 1 (occur) in 1906.There are so many beautiful old buildings－many 2 (sit) on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge. Mission District is the oldest part of the city, 3 used to be a poor area, but now is a centre of art, music, and food. In fact, an art movement called the “Mission School” started here. It 4 (influence) by graffiti art and comic art. In 1848，America got California 5 Mexico, and gold was discovered near San Francisco. The dream of 6 (seek) their fortune quickly attracted people from all over the world, so San Francisco quickly became a big city. In fact, few achieved their dream of 7 (become) rich. 8 (earn) a living, some opened 9 shops and restaurants, some found jobs on farms, and others went to build the railway. It is those immigrants from different countries and cultures 10 built America. 六、阅读理解 （22-23高二上·浙江绍兴·期末）I would like to offer a concept of cities that goes against modern ones. 1 Such cities should be designed within the distance of a 15-minute walk or bike ride. What do we need to create 15-minute cities? First, we should start asking questions that we have forgotten. We need to look hard at how to use our square meters. For instance, what is that space for? Who is using it and how? We should understand what resources we have and how they are used. Then we need to ask what services are available in the vicinity(周围地区). We also have to ask ourselves: How do we work? 2 How do we get this done? 3 Mayor(市长)Anne Hidalgo has suggested a big bang of proximity(靠近), which includes, for example, a massive decentralization, developing new services for each of the districts --- a reduction of traffic by increasing bike lanes into spaces of leisure; new economic models to encourage local shops; building more green spaces; transforming existing infrastructure. That’s actually a golden rule for the 15-minute city: every square meter that’s already built should be used for different things. 4 First, the rhythm of the city should follow humans, not cars. Second, each square meter should serve different purposes. Finally, neighborhoods should be designed so that we can live, work and thrive in them without having to constantly commute elsewhere. It’s funny if you think of it: many modern cities are designed for saving time, and yet so much time is lost to commuting, sitting in traffic jams, driving to a mall. 5 A．I call it the 15-minute city. B．Citizens are actively involved in participation. C．The 15-minute should have three key features. D．The first city to adopt the 15-minute city idea is Paris. E．Why is the place I live in here, and work is far away? F．The 15-minute city idea answers the questions of saving time. G．A different pace of life --- a 15-minute pace can be just impossible. 七、七选五 （2022·全国甲卷·高考真题）Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city. Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city. “I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted. “How do you mean?” I asked. “Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.” Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).” On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.” He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries. 1．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．Sydney’s striking architecture. B．The cultural diversity of Sydney. C．The key to Sydney’s development. D．Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s. 2．What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds? A．He goes to work by boat. B．He looks forward to a new life. C．He pilots catamarans well. D．He is attached to the old ferries. 3．What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney? A．It is losing its traditions. B．It should speed up its progress. C．It should expand its population. D．It is becoming more international. 4．Which statement will the author probably agree with? A．A city can be young and old at the same time. B．A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic. C．Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance. D．Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign. 八、完形填空 Lakira noticed that a 10th grader, Jonny, often ate alone in the school cafeteria. Jonny has autism (孤独症), which makes social interactions 1   at times. One day, Lakira decided to join Jonny and they became fast friends. Jonny often experienced 2 and nervousness on the first day of each new school year. He worried he would 3 to make new friends. Thanks to Lakira, this year was 4 . He looked forward to joining his friend at lunch, and his whole world 5 . He would go home and talk excitedly about Lakira. His mother noticed the change in her son. He appeared happier and more 6 , and looked forward to going to school. It was clear to his mother just 7 Lakira’s friendship meant to Jonny, and she wanted all kids to 8 the same positive transformation. So with Jonny and Lakira, she got the idea of forming a friendship 9 in their school, named “Not Alone Club”. More than 100 students 10 and promised to join and talk to the student eating alone. Lunchtime at school is different now for the kids who 11 sat alone in the school cafeteria. Now, every seat at Jonny’s lunch table is 12 . Loud chatter and laughter can be heard 13 from the cheerful group of new friends. It’s inspiring for the 14 to come together and do this. 15 the group together is an example to Jonny that people can do anything they put their minds to, especially doing it together. 1．A．shy B．positive C．popular D．difficult 2．A．anger B．excitement C．anxiety D．shame 3．A．struggle B．quarrel C．apologize D．flee 4．A．different B．similar C．ordinary D．appropriate 5．A．withdrew B．shrank C．expanded D．brightened 6．A．nervous B．determined C．confident D．independent 7．A．what if B．if only C．even though D．how much 8．A．suffer B．approach C．experience D．consider 9．A．club B．atmosphere C．rule D．measure 10．A．pulled in B．signed up C．set off D．left behind 11．A．specially B．eventually C．normally D．frequently 12．A．occupied B．filled C．employed D．emptied 13．A．differing B．ranging C．erupting D．varying 14．A．kids B．teachers C．parents D．schools 15．A．Breaking B．Mixing C．Producing D．Forming 假设你的学校本周组织了一次名为“发现身边的多元文化”的研学活动。请你写一篇英文研学日记。 内容要点： 1.简述你们前往的目的地及最初的感受； 2.描述你在该地的多元文化体验（如历史变迁、特色建筑、不同族群的饮食或艺术等）； 3.总结这种文化融合给城市或个人带来的积极影响。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Period 2 Reading and Thinking分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1.used to do sth. 2. head to / head for / towards 3. bring about 4. apart from 5. seek one's fortune 6. earn a living 7. (a) series of 8. admit doing/ having done sth. 9. admit sb. to/ into… 10. apply for admission 11. a definite answer 12. Sth. occurred to sb. / It occurred to sb. that... / It struck/ hit sb. that… 13. be/ get used to (doing) sth. 14. be used to do sth. 15. head back to 16. keep one's head 17. lose one's head 18. seek to do sth. 19. seek through 20. earn the respect of sb. 21. elect sb./ sth. as… 22. bring out 23. bring up 24. bring an end to (= put an end to) 25. claim to do sth. 26. claim sb.'s life 27. make a claim 28. ethnic minority 29. escape from 30. escape being done 31. have a narrow escape 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1．escape 2．definitely 3．selected 4．seeking 5．district/area 6．downtown 7．occurred 8．fortune 9．admit 10．claims 三、单句语法填空。 1．definitely 2．admitted 3．hoping 4．selection 5．to ask 6．living 7．be selected 8．to have found 9．punishment/being punished 10．is influenced 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．escaped me 2．escape being punished 3．a series of wrong assumptions 4．a series of facts 5．make no claim 6．was brought up 7．earned so much money 8．seek their fortune 五、语法填空 1.occurred 2．sitting 3．which 4．is influenced 5．from 6．seeking 7．becoming 8.To earn 9．up 10．that 六、阅读理解 1．A 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．F 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“15分钟城市”的设计理念、特点和作用。 1．根据上文“I would like to offer a concept of cities that goes against modern ones. （我想提出一个与现代城市相反的城市概念）”和下文“Such cities should be designed within the distance of a 15-minute walk or bike ride.（这样的城市应该设计在步行或骑自行车15分钟以内）”可知，这种新概念的城市到城市的任何地方只需要走路或骑车15分钟，因此可以叫做“15分钟城市”。A项“我把它叫做‘15分钟城市’”符合题意，选项中的it指代上文的a concept of cities。故选A。 2．空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“For instance, what is that space for? Who is using it and how? We should understand what resources we have and how they are used. Then we need to ask what services are available in the vicinity(周围地区). We also have to ask ourselves: How do we work? （例如，这个空间是用来做什么的？谁在使用它，如何使用？我们应该了解我们拥有什么资源以及如何使用它们。然后我们需要询问附近有什么服务。我们还必须问自己：我们如何工作？）”可知，上文提出了几个问题，由此推知空处也应是一个问句。E项“为什么我住的地方在这里，而工作又很远？”符合题意。故选E。 3．根据下文“Mayor(市长)Anne Hidalgo has suggested a big bang of proximity(靠近), which includes, for example, a massive decentralization, developing new services for each of the districts --- a reduction of traffic by increasing bike lanes into spaces of leisure; new economic models to encourage local shops（市长Anne Hidalgo提出了一个大范围的邻近性政策，其中包括大规模的分散化，为每个区发展新的服务设施——将自行车道增加为休闲空间，以减少交通流量;新的经济模式鼓励当地的商店）”可知，下文提到了某个城市的市长关于“15分钟城市”的规划。由此推知，空处应提出具体是那个城市。D项“第一个采用15分钟城市理念的城市是巴黎”符合题意，选项中的Paris呼应下文的mayor。故选D。 4．空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“First, the rhythm of the city should follow humans, not cars. Second, each square meter should serve different purposes. Finally, neighborhoods should be designed so that we can live, work and thrive in them without having to constantly commute elsewhere.（首先，城市的节奏应该跟随人类，而不是汽车。第二，每平方米应该有不同的用途。最后，社区的设计应该使我们能够在其中生活、工作和繁荣，而不必经常在其他地方通勤）”可知，本段主要介绍了“15分钟城市”的三个基本特征。C项“‘15分钟城市’应该有三个主要特点”符合题意。故选C。 5．根据上文“It’s funny if you think of it: many modern cities are designed for saving time, and yet so much time is lost to commuting, sitting in traffic jams, driving to a mall.（想想看，这很有趣：许多现代城市都是为了节省时间而设计的，但很多时间却浪费在通勤、坐在交通堵塞中、开车去购物中心上）”可知，许多现代设计浪费了人们的很多时间，由此推知，空处陈述“15分钟城市”可以节约时间。F项“15分钟的城市创意回答了节省时间的问题”符合题意。故选F。 七、七选五 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了悉尼城市发展中对于现代化和传统保护的困惑，并提出“一座城市可以同时年轻和年老”的观点。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. (20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了自己的港口。)”和最后一句“But it is the harbor that makes the city.(但正是港口造就了这座城市。)”可知，第一段主要是讲悉尼发展的关键。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段““I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.(“我会想念这些旧船的，”我们分手时他说。)”和第五段第二句“Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot.(双体船更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣。)”可知，Andrew Reynolds喜欢那些旧渡船。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第六段第二句中的“in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings(在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼抛弃了许多过去的东西，包括许多最漂亮的建筑)”和第四句“We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one.(我们似乎无法决定是要一个现代的城市还是一个传统的城市。)”可知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼正在丢失传统。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions.(另一方面，同时年轻和年老也有它的吸引力。)”可知，作者会认同“一座城市可以同时年轻和年老”的观点。故选A。 八、完形填空 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了患有自闭症的Jonny在学校很难交到朋友，后来Lakira和他成为了朋友，友谊让Jonny有了很大改变，Jonny的妈妈注意到了这种变化，因此在学校成立了友谊俱乐部，鼓励同学们和那些独自用餐的学生交朋友。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jonny患有自闭症，有时会使社交变得困难。A. shy害羞的；B. positive积极的；C. popular流行的；D. difficult困难的。根据上文“Jonny, often ate alone in the school cafeteria”可知，Jonny常一个人在学校的自助餐厅吃饭，说明他在学校没有朋友，故此处指“有时会使社交变得困难”，故选D。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每个新学年的第一天，Jonny经常感到焦虑和紧张。A. anger愤怒；B. excitement兴奋；C. anxiety焦虑；D. shame羞愧。空处和“nervousness”并列，结合“on the first day of each new school year”可知，上学第一天应是焦虑、紧张，故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他担心自己很难交到新朋友。A. struggle艰难地行进；B. quarrel争吵；C. apologize道歉；D. flee逃跑。上文提到Jonny有孤独症，结合“worried”可知，他担心很难交到朋友，故选A。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多亏了Lakira，今年不一样了。A. different不同的；B. similar类似的；C. ordinary普通的；D. appropriate适当的。根据下文“He looked forward to joining his friend at lunch”可知，以前开学时会紧张，现在他盼望着去上学，故今年情况不同，故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他盼望着和朋友一起吃午饭，整个世界都明亮了。A. withdrew撤回；B. shrank缩小；C. expanded扩大；D. brightened(使)明亮。根据语境及下文“He would go home and talk excitedly about Lakira.(他回家后会兴奋地谈论Lakira)”可知，Jonny有了朋友，整个世界都变得明亮了，故选D。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他显得更快乐、更自信，盼望着去上学。A. nervous紧张的；B. determined坚定的；C. confident自信的；D. independent独立的。空处和“happier”并列，结合上下文谈到的Jonny的变化可知，他更快乐，更自信了，故选C。 7．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他的母亲很清楚Lakira的友谊对Jonny有多重要，她希望所有的孩子都能经历同样的积极转变。A. what if如果……怎么办；B. if only要是……多好；C. even though即使；D. how much很多。结合上文“He would go home and talk excitedly about Lakira.(他回家后会兴奋地谈论Lakira)”和“His mother noticed the change in her son.(他的母亲注意到了儿子的变化)”可知，Jonny和Lakira成为朋友后变了很多，故此处指Lakira的友谊对Jonny意味着很多，故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. suffer遭受；B. approach接近；C. experience经历；D. consider考虑。结合下文“she got the idea of forming a friendship ___9___ in their school”提到她在学校成立友谊组织可知，她希望所有的孩子都能经历同样的积极转变，故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，她与Jonny和Lakira一起，萌生了在他们学校成立一个友谊俱乐部的想法，取名为“不孤单俱乐部”。A. club俱乐部；B. atmosphere氛围；C. rule规则；D. measure措施。根据“Not Alone Club”可知，此处指成立一个俱乐部，故选A。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：超过100名学生报名参加，并承诺加入独自用餐的学生并与之交谈。A. pulled in驶向路边停靠；B. signed up报名；C. set off动身；D. left behind遗留。根据“promised to join and talk to the student eating alone”可知，此处指报名参加俱乐部，承诺让独自用餐的学生不孤单，故选B。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：对于那些通常独自坐在学校自助餐厅的孩子们来说，现在学校的午餐时间已经不同了。A. specially特别；B. eventually最后；C. normally通常；D. frequently频繁地。根据上文“promised to join and talk to the student eating alone”可知，该俱乐部目的是让那些通常独自用餐的人不孤单，故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，Jonny午餐桌旁的每个座位都坐满了。A. occupied占据；B. filled填满；C. employed雇用；D. emptied腾空。根据空后“Loud chatter and laughter can be heard”以及“group of new friends”可知，能够听到新朋友的欢声笑语，所以他身边应是坐满了人，故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从这群兴高采烈的新朋友中可以听到大声的闲聊和笑声。A. differing不同于；B. ranging变化；C. erupting爆发；D. varying变化。结合空前的主语“Loud chatter and laughter”以及空后“from the cheerful group of new friends”可知，此处指听到欢声笑语从人群中爆发出来，故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们聚在一起做这件事是鼓舞人心的。A. kids孩子；B. teachers老师；C. parents父母；D. schools学校。结合上文内容以及“the cheerful group of new friends”可知，该俱乐部是在学校范围内，Jonny和新朋友们都是学生，故此处指“孩子们”，故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：组建团队对Jonny来说是一个榜样，人们可以做任何他们想做的事，尤其是一起做。A. Breaking打破；B. Mixing混合；C. Producing生产；D. Forming组织，建立。根据上文“she got the idea of forming a friendship ___9___ in their school”可知，此处是词汇复现，指“组建团队”，故选D。 【参考答案】 Saturday, 23 October This morning, my classmates and I headed to a famous historical street. I must admit that it is definitely a perfect place to experience diverse cultures and escape the busy city life. The guide told us that people from different countries used to come here to seek their fortune. Apart from the beautiful foreign-style buildings, the street is also home to several minority groups. We enjoyed a series of local dishes and bought some souvenirs. It is clear that the mixing of different traditions has brought about the unique charm of our city. I truly enjoyed my time here today! 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $