精品解析：山东烟台市福山区2026年初四英语诊断性测试

2026年初四英语诊断性测试 （100分钟，90分） 考生注意： 1．答题前请把答题卡密封线内的项目填写清楚。 2．请把所选的所有试题的答案涂在（用2B铅笔）或填写在（用0.5毫米黑色签字笔）答题卡上。考试结束上交答题卡。在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解 共两节，满分35分 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Are mosquitoes driving you crazy? This summer, make some mint oil to drive them away! Mosquitoes are awful. They seem to be everywhere and may bite you badly. This makes mint (薄荷) oil a perfect gift for your family and friends in summer. This weekend, you can try making mint oil FOR FREE. Time: 9:00 a.m. — 11:50 a.m. Saturday (July 6) Place: Riverside Community Center Please note: ♥ We’ll get all the tools and materials ready. ♥ For 40 people only: First come, first served. ♥ To book a place for the activity, please call Lucy at 458378 by 7:00 p.m. Friday. For those who would like to practice it at home, here are the steps: ◆ Cut up the mint. Put it into a bottle with olive (橄榄) oil. ◆ Cover the bottle and place it in hot water. ◆ When the water cools down, move the bottle to a warm area and leave it there for at least two hours. ◆ Pour the mixture onto a thin piece of cotton cloth on top of a dark bottle. Let the oil go through the cloth into the bottle. Now you get your homemade mint oil. 1. What do we know about the mint oil making activity? A. Only 40 people can take part in the activity. B. It will cost people little money for the activity. C. People need to bring their own tools and materials. D. People can book a place by calling Lucy on Saturday. 2. What is the right order of the steps? A. ③→①→②→④ B. ②→④→①→③ C. ③→②→④→① D. ②→①→③→④ 3. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To tell people how to make mint oil at home. B. To introduce a free activity of making mint oil. C. To show why mint oil is a good gift in summer. D. To ask people to protect themselves from mosquitoes. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一场免费的薄荷油制作活动，包括活动的时间、地点、报名方式，同时也提供了在家自制薄荷油的步骤。 【1题详解】 根据文中“For 40 people only: First come, first served.”可知，活动仅限40人参加，A选项正确。B选项：文中提到活动是“FOR FREE”，不是“cost people little money”，故排除。C选项：文中提到“We’ll get all the tools and materials ready.”，说明工具和材料由主办方提供，无需自带，故排除。D选项：文中要求“please call Lucy at 458378 by 7:00 p.m. Friday”，需在周五晚上7点前预约，不是周六，故排除。 【2题详解】 根据文中步骤，制作薄荷油的顺序为：Cut up the mint and put it into a bottle with olive oil(切碎薄荷后与橄榄油一起放入瓶中，对应图③)；Cover the bottle and place it in hot water(盖好瓶子后放入热水中，对应图②)；When the water cools down, move the bottle to a warm area(移到温暖处静置，对应图④)；Pour the mixture onto a thin piece of cotton cloth(用棉布过滤，对应图①)。因此正确顺序为③→②→④→①，对应选项C。 【3题详解】 全文围绕“免费的薄荷油制作活动”展开，介绍了活动的时间、地点、报名方式，也补充了在家制作的步骤，核心目的是介绍这场活动。 B Caroline Herschel was a great astronomer (天文学家). She was born in Hanover, Germany, in 1750. At the age of 22, she moved to England to live with her elder brother, William. William worked as a musician and gave Caroline singing lessons. In return, Caroline helped him with housework. She practiced singing very hard and soon began to sing at his concerts. Later, William developed an interest in astronomy. He read books about space late every night, and breakfast often became a time for him to teach Caroline about stars. Caroline learned a lot from him, and they even worked together on a big project: building telescopes (望远镜). These tools are special for seeing things far away. To make good mirrors for their telescopes, they heated metals and shaped them with special molds. Some of these molds were made from dry horse waste, and Caroline had to break it into small pieces. It was dirty work, but she didn’t mind it. Making the mirrors smooth was quite difficult. William invented a machine to help with this work, but once he started, he had to keep working for hours without stopping. He even couldn’t stop to eat, so Caroline fed him and read stories to make him relaxed. In 1781, William made a wonderful discovery—a new planet. King George was very happy and made William his astronomer. William then made a telescope just for Caroline, and she started to search the sky together with him. On August 1, 1786, Caroline also found something special—a comet (彗星). She watched it carefully for another night and made sure it was a real comet. Soon, everyone talked about her discovery, and people called it the Lady’s Comet. This was the first comet Caroline discovered, and she went on to find seven more comets by herself between 1786 and 1797. She was one of the first women astronomers to get paid for her work, and her story still inspires many people today. 4. What does the word “molds” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Pieces of dry horse waste. B. Tools used to shape metals. C. Mirrors for the telescopes. D. Machines invented by William. 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. William discovered a new comet in 1781. B. The Lady’s Comet was discovered in 1797. C. Caroline got a telescope from William in 1786. D. Caroline found eight comets by herself in total. 6. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. How Caroline discovered her first comet. B. William’s great contribution to astronomy. C. The life story of a great woman astronomer. D. How Caroline and William built telescopes together. 7. Which of the following best describes Caroline and William’s working relationship? A. Caroline gave William more help. B. Caroline had to do all the dirty work. C. William took care of most of the work. D. They were important to each other’s success. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了著名女天文学家Caroline Herschel的生平，以及她与哥哥William Herschel在天文学领域的合作与成就。 【4题详解】 第二段提到“To make good mirrors for their telescopes, they heated metals and shaped them with special molds.”，说明制作望远镜镜片时，需要加热金属并用特殊工具塑形；结合语境可推断，“molds”指的是用来塑形金属的工具。 【5题详解】 第四段提到“This was the first comet Caroline discovered, and she went on to find seven more comets by herself between 1786 and 1797.”，说明Caroline一共独立发现了8颗彗星。 【6题详解】 文章介绍了Caroline Herschel从跟随哥哥接触天文学，到独立发现多颗彗星的生平与成就，因此主旨是讲述这位伟大女天文学家的生平故事。 【7题详解】 文中提到William教Caroline天文知识、为她制作望远镜，Caroline则照顾William的生活、协助他的工作，两人互相支持、彼此成就；由此可推断，他们对彼此的成功都至关重要。 C On a February afternoon, Andrea Coatti watched a Chinese snowboarder race down a course he helped build for the 2026 Milan-Cortina Olympic Winter Games. He shouted “Steady! Beautiful!” in Mandarin (普通话), his voice mixing with the cheers of the crowd. In China’s Chongli, the 41-year-old Italian is known as Yibu, a Chinese name he gave himself, meaning “one step”. This name comes from his life philosophy (哲学)—taking things one step at a time, and it also reminds him of the important choice he made 20 years ago. In 2006, Coatti came to Chongli to help build a ski resort at his teacher’s invitation. At first, he was shocked by the dark night there, but the beautiful snow-covered mountains and the warm, friendly local people made him decide to stay. Back then, Chongli was a quiet mountain town with only a few, simple ski areas, and few people knew how to ski. Coatti hoped to build a place where everyone, from beginners to pros, could enjoy the fun of skiing. Later, Coatti and his partner Simon Adams, a Scot with the same interest for skiing, set up a company and built many parks in Chongli. They even helped build the venue (场馆) for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. With the rich Olympic experience, they got more international projects. Over the years, Chongli has changed greatly: high-speed rail connects it to Beijing in less than an hour, and it has become a popular international ski center. What makes Coatti happiest is seeing many children skiing happily in Chongli. Once, there were very few young skiers, but now kids from all over China come here to learn skiing. “A love for snow starts with a seed,” he said. Coatti now lives in Chongli and sees himself as a local, and his “one step” in this small town has become a big leap (飞跃) connecting China and Italy. 8. What does Coatti’s Chinese name mean? A. One step. B. Beautiful snow. C. Ski resort. D. Big leap. 9. What made Coatti choose to stay in Chongli at first? A. The good pay of his job. B. His interest in learning Mandarin. C. His love for dark nights. D. The beautiful scenery and kind locals. 10. How has Chongli changed over these years? A. It has the most ski areas in China. B. It becomes the center for Italian skiers. C. It has many foreign visitors to ski now. D. It takes several hours to get to Beijing. 11. What’s the main idea of this passage? A. To show how Coatti helped Chongli develop. B. To tell the history of development in Chongli. C. To talk about Coatti’s life in Italy and his work. D. To introduce the 2026 Milan-Cortina Olympic Winter Games. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了意大利人Andrea Coatti(中文名“一步”)来到中国崇礼，参与建设滑雪场地，助力崇礼发展为国际滑雪中心的故事，展现了他与崇礼的不解之缘。 【8题详解】 根据第一段“a Chinese name he gave himself, meaning ‘one step’”可知，他的中文名“一步”的含义是“one step”。 【9题详解】 根据第二段“the beautiful snow-covered mountains and the warm, friendly local people made him decide to stay”可知，美丽的雪景和友善的当地人让他决定留下。 【10题详解】 根据第三段“Over the years, Chongli has changed greatly: high-speed rail connects it to Beijing in less than an hour, and it has become a popular international ski center.”可知，崇礼已成为热门的国际滑雪中心，因此现在有许多外国游客来滑雪。 【11题详解】 全文围绕Andrea Coatti来到崇礼、建设滑雪场地、助力崇礼发展为国际滑雪中心的经历展开，核心是展现他如何帮助崇礼发展。 D From March 13 to 15, the 2026 FIRST Robotics Competition (FRC) Shanghai Regional was held at East China Normal University. The venue was full of excitement — the sound of robot motors and cheers from students and audience filled the air. Nearly 1,000 young students from 50 teams around the world joined the event to show their engineering skills. This year’s theme was “Rebuilt”, which asked students to learn about history through engineering. Many teams brought their carefully made robots, and they were all ready to show their hard work and creativity. Before the competition, most teams spent months preparing: they drew designs, bought parts and tested their robots again and again to make sure they worked well. Teams first took part in qualifying rounds. Only the best teams would get the chance to go to the global finals in Houston, the US, in April. In each match, two teams worked together as a group to finish tasks like scoring fuel, crossing obstacles (障碍) and climbing towers in limited time. Every match started with a 20-second autonomous period (robots worked by themselves), followed by 2 minutes and 20 seconds when students controlled the robots by hand. All the students tried their best to finish the tasks well and win the game. Some students even stayed up late before the match to check their robots and fix small problems. Collin Fultz, senior director for FRC, said the competition let students experience real-world engineering. The game changes every year, so students can’t reuse last year’s robot design. He added that students need to work closely in teams, practicing communication and problem-solving skills while building their robots. Chen Bangchao from FRC China noted that the number of Chinese teams increased by 20% this year, showing more Chinese students’ interest in engineering and innovation. A Taiwan student Wang Po-hao loved robotics and learned a lot from building robots. He said he spent months with his teammates testing and improving their robot, which made him more patient and creative. Lu Yixuan, a team captain from Shanghai, felt proud of their student-made robot and fell in love with robotics. She shared that their team overcame many difficulties together, and the experience taught her the importance of teamwork and persistence (坚持). Both Wang and Lu said the competition helped them know more about their interests and future dreams. 12. What did most teams do before the 2026 FRC Shanghai Regional? A. They went to Houston to watch the global finals. B. They prepared by drawing designs and testing robots. C. They reused their robots from last year’s competition. D. They learned history through different kinds of books. 13. What’s the purpose of the 2026 FRC Shanghai Regional? A. To let students show engineering skills and learn new things. B. To ask students to design the best robot for the global finals. C. To help students make more good friends from other countries. D. To teach students how to win all kinds of competitions in the world. 14. We can learn from the passage that ______. A. Wang Po-hao was the captain of a Taiwan team B. all the teams could go to the global finals in Houston C. students controlled the robots all the time during a match D. more Chinese students are becoming interested in engineering 15. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The 2026 FRC Shanghai Regional lasted for 2 days. B. The theme “Rebuilt” is about history and engineering. C. Lu Yixuan’s team met few difficulties during the competition. D. There were 1000 teams from all over the world in the competition. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了2026年FIRST机器人挑战赛（FRC）上海区域赛的相关情况。 【12题详解】 根据第一段最后一句“Before the competition, most teams spent months preparing: they drew designs, bought parts and tested their robots again and again to make sure they worked well.”可知，大部分的队伍的赛前准备是绘制设计图和测试机器人，选项B符合题意。 【13题详解】 根据第一段“Nearly 1,000 young students from 50 teams around the world joined the event to show their engineering skills. This year’s theme was ‘Rebuilt’, which asked students to learn about history through engineering.”可知，这个比赛的一个目的是为了让学生们展示他们的工程技能并通过工程学习历史，第三段“students need to work closely in teams, practicing communication and problem-solving skills while building their robots”可知，学生在比赛中还能锻炼协作能力，沟通和解决问题能力，说明比赛还能让学生学到新的东西，选项A“让学生展示工程技能和学习新东西”符合题意。 【14题详解】 根据第三段最后一句“Chen Bangchao from FRC China noted that the number of Chinese teams increased by 20% this year, showing more Chinese students’ interest in engineering and innovation.”可知，越来越多中国学生对工程感兴趣。 【15题详解】 根据第一段“This year’s theme was “Rebuilt”, which asked students to learn about history through engineering.”可知，这次的主题是关于历史和工程，选项B符合题意。 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Sports might have started as a way to survive. Long ago, people ran, jumped, and climbed to stay alive. ____16____ Wall paintings from centuries ago, showing activities like wrestling (摔跤) or dancing, were found in an Egyptian tomb. The ancient Greeks made a big change by holding the first Olympic Games. Modern sports began in England in the early 19th century and then spread globally. These became the models for sports such as football that we play now. ____17____ Organized sports, whether swimming or skating, are serious forms of play. There are rules to obey, skills and positions to learn, and plans to carry out. Team sports like soccer require you to work with teammates, while individual (个人的) sports such as tennis focus on your personal performance. ____18____ The American Academy of Pediatrics says play is important for kids’ and teens’ thinking, bodies, social lives and feelings. Sports exercise our bodies and teach us about ourselves and our world. Organized sports get us using our bodies and minds, which makes us more imaginative, curious (好奇的), and creative. ____19____ In an ideal world, sports would always be fun. But in reality, sports can cause physical injury like broken bones, and even mental harm. In team sports, misunderstandings and hurt feelings are part of the learning process. Sports are supposed to bring people together. ____20____ Even when they’re not always a cheerful experience, they show us how to face life’s challenges. There’s no better place to play and learn about the world than on a sports field. No matter what sport you choose, the key is to play for fun. When you do, you’re already a winner. A. But they can also drive people apart. B. Sports come in many shapes and sizes. C. There’s no doubt that sports are valuable. D. Hunters were known for their special skills. E. Most people like doing sports with their friends. F. The skills we learn can help us in school and later at work. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了运动的起源、发展、形式、价值与两面性，强调运动的核心是为了乐趣。 【16题详解】 前文提到运动最初是生存方式，古代人通过跑、跳、攀爬求生。D选项“Hunters were known for their special skills.”承接前文，补充说明了古代猎人凭借特殊技能生存，与运动起源的主题相呼应。 【17题详解】 后文介绍了有组织运动的规则、团队运动与个人运动的区别等特点。B选项“Sports come in many shapes and sizes.”点明运动形式多样，作为本段主题句，引出下文内容。 【18题详解】 后文提到运动对孩子和青少年的思维、身体、社交和情感都很重要，能锻炼身体、培养想象力和创造力。C选项“There’s no doubt that sports are valuable.”作为本段的主题句，点明了运动的价值，引出后文的具体说明。 【19题详解】 前文提到有组织的运动能让我们运用身心，变得更具想象力、好奇心和创造力。F选项“The skills we learn can help us in school and later at work.”承接前文，说明运动中学到的技能能在学校和未来的工作中帮助我们，进一步体现运动的价值。 【20题详解】 前文提到运动本应将人们团结在一起，后文提到即使不是愉快的经历，运动也能教会我们如何面对生活的挑战。A选项“But they can also drive people apart.”与前文形成转折，说明运动也可能让人们产生分歧，为后文的内容做铺垫。 第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 We do everything in a hurry — finishing our meals quickly, completing our tasks in a rush, running to the gyms without a break... We choose fast living because we think we have no ____21____ over time. We try to do as much as we can each day, carefully checking off tasks on our to-do lists. Living in a rush makes us feel always pressed for time and unable to slow down to enjoy a peaceful moment. Our way of thinking that focuses on speed ____22____ doing more than doing things well. For a long time, we believe that speed means being hard-working and successful, and ____23____, we keep rushing here and there to finish everything. Yet now and then, we find ourselves in a predicament (困境) that no matter how fast we go, we never seem to catch up with our endless tasks and ____24____. The Slow Movement thinks that the ____25____ to our predicament is not to live faster, but to learn to live slower. The movement started with the Slow Food Program, which was ____26____ in 1986. It suggested that we should refuse fast-food restaurants, protect traditional cooking, and encourage people to ____27____ preparing and eating food with their families. This belief soon spread from the Slow Food Program to other parts of life, such as work and daily communication. The main idea of the Slow Movement is to care more about ____28____ than quantity (数量). Slow living is a healthy lifestyle based on this movement. Its goal is to free us from the endless rush that ____29____ us from enjoying moments of rest and happiness. Today, more people are interested in the Slow Movement, ____30____ social media shares many benefits of living slowly with the public. 21. A. control B. use C. mind D. need 22. A. avoids B. values C. refuses D. hides 23. A. however B. but C. though D. therefore 24. A. dreams B. orders C. goals D. predictions 25. A. answer B. question C. problem D. trouble 26. A. put up B. set up C. turned on D. given up 27. A. practice B. keep C. enjoy D. remember 28. A. quality B. speed C. safety D. health 29. A. makes B. stops C. takes D. teaches 30. A. so B. if C. though D. because 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了快节奏生活以及慢节奏生活的优点。 【21题详解】 句意：我们选择快节奏的生活，是因为我们认为自己无法掌控时间。 结合上文“We do everything in a hurry... running to the gyms without a break”，可知人们因觉得无法掌控时间而选择快节奏，control (控制)，符合语境。 【22题详解】 句意：我们注重速度的思维方式更看重做事而不是把事情做好。 结合下文“we believe that speed means being hard-working and successful”，可知人们重视“做得多”，values(重视)，符合语境。 【23题详解】 句意：长期以来，我们认为速度意味着勤奋和成功，因此，我们不停地匆匆忙忙地完成每一件事。 “相信速度意味着成功”是原因，“匆忙做事”是结果，therefore(因此)，表因果，符合逻辑。 【24题详解】 句意：然而，我们偶尔会发现自己陷入困境，无论我们走得多快，我们似乎永远无法赶上我们无尽的任务和目标。 “tasks and goals”(任务和目标)为常见搭配，符合“赶不上任务和目标”的语境。 【25题详解】 句意：慢运动认为，我们困境的答案不是活得更快，而是学会活得更慢。 “the answer to...”(……的答案)为固定搭配，符合“慢运动提出解决困境的方法”的语境， 【26题详解】 句意：这场运动始于1986年成立的慢食计划。 “set up a program”(建立一个计划)为固定搭配，符合“慢食计划在1986年被建立”的语境。 【27题详解】 句意：它建议我们应该拒绝快餐店，保护传统烹饪，并鼓励人们享受与家人一起准备和吃食物的乐趣。 根据“preparing and eating food with their families.”可知，此处指鼓励人们享受与家人一起准备和吃食物的乐趣，enjoy符合语境。 【28题详解】 句意：慢运动的主要思想是更关心质量而不是数量。 此处与上文“doing more than doing things well”形成对比，慢运动强调“做得好”即质量，符合语境，quality符合语境。 【29题详解】 句意：它的目标是将我们从无休止的匆忙中解放出来，这种匆忙阻碍了我们享受休息和幸福的时刻。 “stop sb. from doing sth.”(阻止某人做某事)为固定搭配，符合“阻止我们因匆忙而无法享受休息”的语境。 【30题详解】 句意：如今，越来越多的人对慢生活运动感兴趣，因为社交媒体与公众分享了慢生活的许多好处。 “社交媒体分享益处”是“人们感兴趣”的原因，because符合逻辑。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Reading a good book is really a great journey. When a reader gets into a well-written book, it’s just like going into a new world and living someone ____31____ (else) life for some time. This experience becomes even more wonderful when it ____32____ (do) by buddy (伙伴) reading. That means two or more people read together. During buddy reading, the buddies do lots of different reading activities. They may take turns ____33____ (read) out loud, share their favorite parts, or talk about the characters and the story. For example, they can stop at ____34____ exciting part of the story and argue about what will happen next. This not ____35____ makes reading more fun but also helps them understand the book better. ____36____ having students of the same age do buddy reading is a good choice, schools often like to match older students with younger ones. In 2021, Green School started such a program, and it has been very ____37____ (succeed). In this two-year program, both the younger and older readers have got a lot of benefits. They have learned to be kind and patient when listening to each other. A younger student may be a little shy at first when reading out loud, and the older buddy has to wait ____38____ (patient) for him to finish. Also, this program gives chances to practice important life-long skills. Take leadership, for example. Older students can lead the talk about the book, ____39____ (help) the younger ones to think carefully. Communication skills are improved as they share their ideas about the story. What’s more, the school has become a more united community because of buddy reading. The reading buddies are looking forward to their meetings and feel a strong ____40____ (connect). The students are really excited when they see their reading buddies in the school hallway. Now that summer vacation is coming, it’s a perfect time to start reading. So, why not get together with a friend, choose a book you both like, and start this great reading journey together? 【答案】31. else’s 32. is done 33. to read 34. an 35. only 36. Although 37. successful 38. patiently 39. helping 40. connection 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了什么是“伙伴阅读”以及“伙伴阅读”的好处。 【31题详解】 句意：当一个读者进入一本写得很好的书时，就像进入了一个新的世界，过了一段别人的生活。根据句意和提示词可知，这里指别人的生活，所以用所有格形式else’s。 【32题详解】 句意：当这种体验是通过伙伴阅读来实现时，它会变得更加美妙。句子主语是it（指代this experience），和动词do之间是被动关系（“体验是被伙伴阅读带来的”），所以要用被动语态be done。全文时态为一般现在时，主语it是单数，所以be动词用is，故填is done。 【33题详解】 句意：他们可以轮流大声朗读，分享他们最喜欢的部分，或者谈论人物和故事。固定短语take turns to do sth.意为“轮流做某事”，故填to read。 【34题详解】 句意：例如，他们可以停在一个故事中令人兴奋的部分，然后争论接下来会发生什么。这里指一个令人兴奋的部分，exciting是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。 【35题详解】 句意：这不仅使阅读更有趣，而且帮助他们更好地理解这本书。固定句型not only…but also…意为“不但……而且……”。故填only。 【36题详解】 句意：虽然让同龄的学生进行伙伴阅读是一个不错的选择，但学校通常喜欢把年纪大的学生和年纪小的学生配对。前半句“…is a good choice”和后半句“schools often like to match older students with younger ones. ”是转折关系，所以用Although表示“虽然”，引导让步状语从句，句首首字母大写。 【37题详解】 句意：2021年，格林学校开始了一个这样的项目，并非常成功。been是系动词，后面接形容词，动词succeed的形容词形式是“successful”。 【38题详解】 句意：一个低年级学生在朗读时，一开始可能会害羞，高年级的学生需要耐心地等他读完。这里指高年级的学生需要耐心地等他读完，副词修饰动词wait，patient（有耐心的）是形容词，副词形式是patiently。 【39题详解】 句意：高年级的学生可以引导关于这本书的讨论，帮助低年级的学生仔细思考。高年级学生主导读书讨论，同时帮助低年级学生认真思考，是主动伴随的关系，用doing形式，所以该空填现在分词helping（帮助），表示伴随。 【40题详解】 句意：阅读伙伴期待着他们的见面，并感受到一种强烈的联系。strong是形容词，后面需要加名词。connect是动词（联系），名词形式是“connection”。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 The world is facing serious environmental challenges nowadays. Climate change and the loss of natural homes for plants and animals are making the Earth less and less livable (宜居) for humans. Many people are worried about this and keep thinking: What can we young people and our friends do to change our daily lifestyles to build a healthier planet? How can society help us become more active in protecting the Earth? Environmental education might be the most helpful way. For many years, experts have developed all kinds of environmental education programs to help people learn about nature and know how to protect it. Most of these programs are specially made for teenagers like us. We have more ability to make a real difference than we can imagine. Because we have a long future ahead of us, our daily lifestyle choices will influence the world greatly in our lifetime. What’s more, our good green habits can easily inspire our parents and grandparents to live a greener life too. But do these programs really work? The answer is certainly yes. Scientific studies show that environmental education greatly improves young people’s knowledge of nature, climate and protection. It also helps them hold positive attitudes and feel inspired to take action. Besides, they are more willing to recycle waste, save water and electricity, and use reusable things in daily life. In a word, environmental education has wide and great benefits. It not only helps us know and care about the environment but also encourages us to take real action. However, some questions still need to be discussed. For example, what is the best teaching method for environmental education? Which activities fit students of different ages better? There is no perfect answer, but we can learn from different ideas to make it better. 41. Why is the Earth harder to live on according to the passage? _____________________________________________________ 42. What is the goal of environmental education programs? _____________________________________________________ 43. What influence can teenagers’ green habits have on the older generation? _____________________________________________________ 44. List two kinds of environmental actions young people may take according to the passage. _____________________________________________________ 45. What are the benefits of environmental education programs? _____________________________________________________ 【答案】41. Because of climate change and the loss of natural homes for plants and animals. 42. To help people understand the natural environment and what we can do to protect it./ To help people learn about nature and know how to protect it. 43. Their good green habits can easily inspire their parents and grandparents to live a greener life. 44. To recycle waste, save water and electricity, and use reusable things. / Recycling waste, saving water and electricity, and using reusable things (任选两项) 45. Helping young people know about, care about, and do things to protect the environment. / It not only helps us know and care about the environment but also encourages us to take real action. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了当前地球面临的环境挑战，并阐述了环境教育项目对青少年环保意识和行为的积极影响。 【41题详解】 原文第1段提到“Climate change and the loss of natural homes for plants and animals are making the Earth less and less livable for humans.”，说明地球宜居性下降的原因是气候变化和动植物自然栖息地的丧失。 【42题详解】 原文第2段提到“experts have developed all kinds of environmental education programs to help people learn about nature and know how to protect it.”，说明环境教育项目的目标是帮助人们了解自然并学会如何保护它。 【43题详解】 原文第2段提到“our good green habits can easily inspire our parents and grandparents to live a greener life too.”，说明青少年的环保习惯可以激励长辈们过更环保的生活。 【44题详解】 原文第3段提到“Besides, they are more willing to recycle waste, save water and electricity, and use reusable things in daily life.”，从中任选两项即可。 【45题详解】 原文第4段提到“It not only helps us know and care about the environment but also encourages us to take real action.”，说明环境教育项目的好处是帮助青少年了解、关心环境，并鼓励他们采取实际行动。 第二节 写作（满分20分） 46. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom来信询问山东省新设立的中小学春秋假，请你根据以下提示完成回信。 提示要点： 1. 介绍春秋假：2026年起实施，春秋假各3天，期中前后放假； 2. 假期要求：无书面作业，不补课，日常教学中完成学习任务； 3. 你的假期计划：研学实践，亲近自然，参与劳动等； 4. 你对春秋假的看法。 要求： 1. 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 3. 结合提示要点，可适当发挥，避免重复，不使用真实姓名和校名。 参考开头和结尾： Dear Tom, How is everything going? I’m writing to tell you about the new spring and autumn vacations in Shandong. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】 例文 Dear Tom, How is everything going? I’m writing to tell you about the new spring and autumn vacations in Shandong. The vacations will start in 2026 and last for three days each in spring and autumn around mid-term exams. According to the rule, we will have no written homework and teachers are not allowed to make up for lessons during the vacation. All learning tasks will be finished in daily classes. For me, I plan to go on a study trip, get close to nature and take part in practical work like farming or housework. In my opinion, this new rule is really wonderful. It gives us more chances to learn from practice outside the classroom. What do you think of this new policy? Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文，时态以一般将来时为主 明确要点：围绕“春秋假”主题展开，需介绍春秋假的假期要求、假期计划以及相关看法 确定人称：第一人称为主（I/We） 注意事项：词数100左右；条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范；结合提示要点，可适当发挥，避免重复，不使用真实姓名和校名。 [第二步：构思布局] 开头段：介绍春秋假的具体内容以及假期要求; 中间段：详述自己的假期计划及看法; 结尾段：以期待回信收尾。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：春秋假的具体内容 时间：start in 2026, last for three days each in spring and autumn around mid-term exams 要求：have no written homework, teachers are not allowed to make up for lessons, all learning tasks will be finished in daily classes. 要点二：假期计划 go on a study trip, get close to nature, take part in practical work, attend historical lecture/concert, do sports等 要点三：评价及看法 wonderful, meaningful, give us more chances to learn from practice outside the classroom等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年初四英语诊断性测试 （100分钟，90分） 考生注意： 1．答题前请把答题卡密封线内的项目填写清楚。 2．请把所选的所有试题的答案涂在（用2B铅笔）或填写在（用0.5毫米黑色签字笔）答题卡上。考试结束上交答题卡。在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解 共两节，满分35分 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Are mosquitoes driving you crazy? This summer, make some mint oil to drive them away! Mosquitoes are awful. They seem to be everywhere and may bite you badly. This makes mint (薄荷) oil a perfect gift for your family and friends in summer. This weekend, you can try making mint oil FOR FREE. Time: 9:00 a.m. — 11:50 a.m. Saturday (July 6) Place: Riverside Community Center Please note: ♥ We’ll get all the tools and materials ready. ♥ For 40 people only: First come, first served. ♥ To book a place for the activity, please call Lucy at 458378 by 7:00 p.m. Friday. For those who would like to practice it at home, here are the steps: ◆ Cut up the mint. Put it into a bottle with olive (橄榄) oil. ◆ Cover the bottle and place it in hot water. ◆ When the water cools down, move the bottle to a warm area and leave it there for at least two hours. ◆ Pour the mixture onto a thin piece of cotton cloth on top of a dark bottle. Let the oil go through the cloth into the bottle. Now you get your homemade mint oil. 1. What do we know about the mint oil making activity? A. Only 40 people can take part in the activity. B. It will cost people little money for the activity. C. People need to bring their own tools and materials. D. People can book a place by calling Lucy on Saturday. 2. What is the right order of the steps? A. ③→①→②→④ B. ②→④→①→③ C. ③→②→④→① D. ②→①→③→④ 3. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To tell people how to make mint oil at home. B. To introduce a free activity of making mint oil. C. To show why mint oil is a good gift in summer. D. To ask people to protect themselves from mosquitoes. B Caroline Herschel was a great astronomer (天文学家). She was born in Hanover, Germany, in 1750. At the age of 22, she moved to England to live with her elder brother, William. William worked as a musician and gave Caroline singing lessons. In return, Caroline helped him with housework. She practiced singing very hard and soon began to sing at his concerts. Later, William developed an interest in astronomy. He read books about space late every night, and breakfast often became a time for him to teach Caroline about stars. Caroline learned a lot from him, and they even worked together on a big project: building telescopes (望远镜). These tools are special for seeing things far away. To make good mirrors for their telescopes, they heated metals and shaped them with special molds. Some of these molds were made from dry horse waste, and Caroline had to break it into small pieces. It was dirty work, but she didn’t mind it. Making the mirrors smooth was quite difficult. William invented a machine to help with this work, but once he started, he had to keep working for hours without stopping. He even couldn’t stop to eat, so Caroline fed him and read stories to make him relaxed. In 1781, William made a wonderful discovery—a new planet. King George was very happy and made William his astronomer. William then made a telescope just for Caroline, and she started to search the sky together with him. On August 1, 1786, Caroline also found something special—a comet (彗星). She watched it carefully for another night and made sure it was a real comet. Soon, everyone talked about her discovery, and people called it the Lady’s Comet. This was the first comet Caroline discovered, and she went on to find seven more comets by herself between 1786 and 1797. She was one of the first women astronomers to get paid for her work, and her story still inspires many people today. 4. What does the word “molds” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Pieces of dry horse waste. B. Tools used to shape metals. C. Mirrors for the telescopes. D. Machines invented by William. 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. William discovered a new comet in 1781. B. The Lady’s Comet was discovered in 1797. C. Caroline got a telescope from William in 1786. D. Caroline found eight comets by herself in total. 6. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. How Caroline discovered her first comet. B. William’s great contribution to astronomy. C. The life story of a great woman astronomer. D. How Caroline and William built telescopes together. 7. Which of the following best describes Caroline and William’s working relationship? A. Caroline gave William more help. B. Caroline had to do all the dirty work. C. William took care of most of the work. D. They were important to each other’s success. C On a February afternoon, Andrea Coatti watched a Chinese snowboarder race down a course he helped build for the 2026 Milan-Cortina Olympic Winter Games. He shouted “Steady! Beautiful!” in Mandarin (普通话), his voice mixing with the cheers of the crowd. In China’s Chongli, the 41-year-old Italian is known as Yibu, a Chinese name he gave himself, meaning “one step”. This name comes from his life philosophy (哲学)—taking things one step at a time, and it also reminds him of the important choice he made 20 years ago. In 2006, Coatti came to Chongli to help build a ski resort at his teacher’s invitation. At first, he was shocked by the dark night there, but the beautiful snow-covered mountains and the warm, friendly local people made him decide to stay. Back then, Chongli was a quiet mountain town with only a few, simple ski areas, and few people knew how to ski. Coatti hoped to build a place where everyone, from beginners to pros, could enjoy the fun of skiing. Later, Coatti and his partner Simon Adams, a Scot with the same interest for skiing, set up a company and built many parks in Chongli. They even helped build the venue (场馆) for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. With the rich Olympic experience, they got more international projects. Over the years, Chongli has changed greatly: high-speed rail connects it to Beijing in less than an hour, and it has become a popular international ski center. What makes Coatti happiest is seeing many children skiing happily in Chongli. Once, there were very few young skiers, but now kids from all over China come here to learn skiing. “A love for snow starts with a seed,” he said. Coatti now lives in Chongli and sees himself as a local, and his “one step” in this small town has become a big leap (飞跃) connecting China and Italy. 8. What does Coatti’s Chinese name mean? A. One step. B. Beautiful snow. C. Ski resort. D. Big leap. 9. What made Coatti choose to stay in Chongli at first? A. The good pay of his job. B. His interest in learning Mandarin. C. His love for dark nights. D. The beautiful scenery and kind locals. 10. How has Chongli changed over these years? A. It has the most ski areas in China. B. It becomes the center for Italian skiers. C. It has many foreign visitors to ski now. D. It takes several hours to get to Beijing. 11. What’s the main idea of this passage? A. To show how Coatti helped Chongli develop. B. To tell the history of development in Chongli. C. To talk about Coatti’s life in Italy and his work. D. To introduce the 2026 Milan-Cortina Olympic Winter Games. D From March 13 to 15, the 2026 FIRST Robotics Competition (FRC) Shanghai Regional was held at East China Normal University. The venue was full of excitement — the sound of robot motors and cheers from students and audience filled the air. Nearly 1,000 young students from 50 teams around the world joined the event to show their engineering skills. This year’s theme was “Rebuilt”, which asked students to learn about history through engineering. Many teams brought their carefully made robots, and they were all ready to show their hard work and creativity. Before the competition, most teams spent months preparing: they drew designs, bought parts and tested their robots again and again to make sure they worked well. Teams first took part in qualifying rounds. Only the best teams would get the chance to go to the global finals in Houston, the US, in April. In each match, two teams worked together as a group to finish tasks like scoring fuel, crossing obstacles (障碍) and climbing towers in limited time. Every match started with a 20-second autonomous period (robots worked by themselves), followed by 2 minutes and 20 seconds when students controlled the robots by hand. All the students tried their best to finish the tasks well and win the game. Some students even stayed up late before the match to check their robots and fix small problems. Collin Fultz, senior director for FRC, said the competition let students experience real-world engineering. The game changes every year, so students can’t reuse last year’s robot design. He added that students need to work closely in teams, practicing communication and problem-solving skills while building their robots. Chen Bangchao from FRC China noted that the number of Chinese teams increased by 20% this year, showing more Chinese students’ interest in engineering and innovation. A Taiwan student Wang Po-hao loved robotics and learned a lot from building robots. He said he spent months with his teammates testing and improving their robot, which made him more patient and creative. Lu Yixuan, a team captain from Shanghai, felt proud of their student-made robot and fell in love with robotics. She shared that their team overcame many difficulties together, and the experience taught her the importance of teamwork and persistence (坚持). Both Wang and Lu said the competition helped them know more about their interests and future dreams. 12. What did most teams do before the 2026 FRC Shanghai Regional? A. They went to Houston to watch the global finals. B. They prepared by drawing designs and testing robots. C. They reused their robots from last year’s competition. D. They learned history through different kinds of books. 13. What’s the purpose of the 2026 FRC Shanghai Regional? A. To let students show engineering skills and learn new things. B. To ask students to design the best robot for the global finals. C. To help students make more good friends from other countries. D. To teach students how to win all kinds of competitions in the world. 14. We can learn from the passage that ______. A. Wang Po-hao was the captain of a Taiwan team B. all the teams could go to the global finals in Houston C. students controlled the robots all the time during a match D. more Chinese students are becoming interested in engineering 15. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The 2026 FRC Shanghai Regional lasted for 2 days. B. The theme “Rebuilt” is about history and engineering. C. Lu Yixuan’s team met few difficulties during the competition. D. There were 1000 teams from all over the world in the competition. 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Sports might have started as a way to survive. Long ago, people ran, jumped, and climbed to stay alive. ____16____ Wall paintings from centuries ago, showing activities like wrestling (摔跤) or dancing, were found in an Egyptian tomb. The ancient Greeks made a big change by holding the first Olympic Games. Modern sports began in England in the early 19th century and then spread globally. These became the models for sports such as football that we play now. ____17____ Organized sports, whether swimming or skating, are serious forms of play. There are rules to obey, skills and positions to learn, and plans to carry out. Team sports like soccer require you to work with teammates, while individual (个人的) sports such as tennis focus on your personal performance. ____18____ The American Academy of Pediatrics says play is important for kids’ and teens’ thinking, bodies, social lives and feelings. Sports exercise our bodies and teach us about ourselves and our world. Organized sports get us using our bodies and minds, which makes us more imaginative, curious (好奇的), and creative. ____19____ In an ideal world, sports would always be fun. But in reality, sports can cause physical injury like broken bones, and even mental harm. In team sports, misunderstandings and hurt feelings are part of the learning process. Sports are supposed to bring people together. ____20____ Even when they’re not always a cheerful experience, they show us how to face life’s challenges. There’s no better place to play and learn about the world than on a sports field. No matter what sport you choose, the key is to play for fun. When you do, you’re already a winner. A. But they can also drive people apart. B. Sports come in many shapes and sizes. C. There’s no doubt that sports are valuable. D. Hunters were known for their special skills. E. Most people like doing sports with their friends. F. The skills we learn can help us in school and later at work. 第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 We do everything in a hurry — finishing our meals quickly, completing our tasks in a rush, running to the gyms without a break... We choose fast living because we think we have no ____21____ over time. We try to do as much as we can each day, carefully checking off tasks on our to-do lists. Living in a rush makes us feel always pressed for time and unable to slow down to enjoy a peaceful moment. Our way of thinking that focuses on speed ____22____ doing more than doing things well. For a long time, we believe that speed means being hard-working and successful, and ____23____, we keep rushing here and there to finish everything. Yet now and then, we find ourselves in a predicament (困境) that no matter how fast we go, we never seem to catch up with our endless tasks and ____24____. The Slow Movement thinks that the ____25____ to our predicament is not to live faster, but to learn to live slower. The movement started with the Slow Food Program, which was ____26____ in 1986. It suggested that we should refuse fast-food restaurants, protect traditional cooking, and encourage people to ____27____ preparing and eating food with their families. This belief soon spread from the Slow Food Program to other parts of life, such as work and daily communication. The main idea of the Slow Movement is to care more about ____28____ than quantity (数量). Slow living is a healthy lifestyle based on this movement. Its goal is to free us from the endless rush that ____29____ us from enjoying moments of rest and happiness. Today, more people are interested in the Slow Movement, ____30____ social media shares many benefits of living slowly with the public. 21. A. control B. use C. mind D. need 22. A. avoids B. values C. refuses D. hides 23. A. however B. but C. though D. therefore 24. A. dreams B. orders C. goals D. predictions 25. A. answer B. question C. problem D. trouble 26. A. put up B. set up C. turned on D. given up 27. A. practice B. keep C. enjoy D. remember 28. A. quality B. speed C. safety D. health 29. A. makes B. stops C. takes D. teaches 30. A. so B. if C. though D. because 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Reading a good book is really a great journey. When a reader gets into a well-written book, it’s just like going into a new world and living someone ____31____ (else) life for some time. This experience becomes even more wonderful when it ____32____ (do) by buddy (伙伴) reading. That means two or more people read together. During buddy reading, the buddies do lots of different reading activities. They may take turns ____33____ (read) out loud, share their favorite parts, or talk about the characters and the story. For example, they can stop at ____34____ exciting part of the story and argue about what will happen next. This not ____35____ makes reading more fun but also helps them understand the book better. ____36____ having students of the same age do buddy reading is a good choice, schools often like to match older students with younger ones. In 2021, Green School started such a program, and it has been very ____37____ (succeed). In this two-year program, both the younger and older readers have got a lot of benefits. They have learned to be kind and patient when listening to each other. A younger student may be a little shy at first when reading out loud, and the older buddy has to wait ____38____ (patient) for him to finish. Also, this program gives chances to practice important life-long skills. Take leadership, for example. Older students can lead the talk about the book, ____39____ (help) the younger ones to think carefully. Communication skills are improved as they share their ideas about the story. What’s more, the school has become a more united community because of buddy reading. The reading buddies are looking forward to their meetings and feel a strong ____40____ (connect). The students are really excited when they see their reading buddies in the school hallway. Now that summer vacation is coming, it’s a perfect time to start reading. So, why not get together with a friend, choose a book you both like, and start this great reading journey together? 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 The world is facing serious environmental challenges nowadays. Climate change and the loss of natural homes for plants and animals are making the Earth less and less livable (宜居) for humans. Many people are worried about this and keep thinking: What can we young people and our friends do to change our daily lifestyles to build a healthier planet? How can society help us become more active in protecting the Earth? Environmental education might be the most helpful way. For many years, experts have developed all kinds of environmental education programs to help people learn about nature and know how to protect it. Most of these programs are specially made for teenagers like us. We have more ability to make a real difference than we can imagine. Because we have a long future ahead of us, our daily lifestyle choices will influence the world greatly in our lifetime. What’s more, our good green habits can easily inspire our parents and grandparents to live a greener life too. But do these programs really work? The answer is certainly yes. Scientific studies show that environmental education greatly improves young people’s knowledge of nature, climate and protection. It also helps them hold positive attitudes and feel inspired to take action. Besides, they are more willing to recycle waste, save water and electricity, and use reusable things in daily life. In a word, environmental education has wide and great benefits. It not only helps us know and care about the environment but also encourages us to take real action. However, some questions still need to be discussed. For example, what is the best teaching method for environmental education? Which activities fit students of different ages better? There is no perfect answer, but we can learn from different ideas to make it better. 41. Why is the Earth harder to live on according to the passage? _____________________________________________________ 42. What is the goal of environmental education programs? _____________________________________________________ 43. What influence can teenagers’ green habits have on the older generation? _____________________________________________________ 44. List two kinds of environmental actions young people may take according to the passage. _____________________________________________________ 45. What are the benefits of environmental education programs? _____________________________________________________ 第二节 写作（满分20分） 46. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom来信询问山东省新设立的中小学春秋假，请你根据以下提示完成回信。 提示要点： 1. 介绍春秋假：2026年起实施，春秋假各3天，期中前后放假； 2. 假期要求：无书面作业，不补课，日常教学中完成学习任务； 3. 你的假期计划：研学实践，亲近自然，参与劳动等； 4. 你对春秋假的看法。 要求： 1. 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 3. 结合提示要点，可适当发挥，避免重复，不使用真实姓名和校名。 参考开头和结尾： Dear Tom, How is everything going? I’m writing to tell you about the new spring and autumn vacations in Shandong. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $