Unit 6 Living with nature（首字母填空专练）英语新教材外研版八年级下册

Unit 6 Living with nature 首字母填空专练 话题：人与自然—与自然共生 基础篇 01 Wintertime is coming. According to the Chinese lunar calendar, November, December, January and February are winter m 1 . They include six solar terms (节气): lidong (beginning of winter), xiaoxue (light snow), daxue (heavy snow), dongzhi (winter solstice), xiaohan (lesser cold) and dahan (greater cold). Winter b 2 at lidong (Nov 7-8), after it, most parts of the country can start to expect (盼望) cold weather. On this day, after a year of hard work, people are happy to take a break and s 3 some time with family. Chinese in the north celebrate lidong as the “Small Spring Festival”. People have dumplings and eat mutton (羊肉) soup. Xiaoxue (Nov 22-23) and daxue (Dec 6-8) come after lidong. D 4 xiaoxue, northern China can expect snow and the temperature slowly falls below 0℃. Daxue means even m 5 snow and much colder days. When dongzhi (Dec 21-23) comes, it brings the s 6 days of the year and the longest nights. Many places around the country can expect the coldest weather. Ancient (古代的) Chinese would often start counting “nine cold periods” (数九寒天) starting from dongzhi. E 7 cold period has nine days. They believed that after 81 cold days, spring would a 8 . Xiaohan (Jan 4-6) usually brings the coldest weather of the year. There may be strong winds. F 9 , during dahan (Jan 19-21), the weather fills the fields with snow. All Chinese are r 10 to welcome the Chinese New Year after dahan. Spring Festival, the most important festival for the Chinese, falls at this time. After that, a new round of solar terms will start. 02 Major Snow, the 21st solar term of the year, marks the start of midwinter. During Major Snow, the t 1 falls greatly, and there may be more snow. Farmers welcome the snow, because when fields are c 2 with snow, the snow acts like a blanket (毛毯) that traps warmth in the soil, so h 3 is less likely to be lost. In this way, crops are protected from cold frost. Even i 4   the snow melts, it can also provide enough water for the g 5 of some winter crops in spring. The s 6 season is also perfect for sports like skiing or skating. There are many such places for natural snow and ice in the n 7 part of China. For example, Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces often have heavy snow in November, leaving rivers and lakes f 8 , which makes ice sports common. Though we have much interest in playing with snow, we should pay attention to respiratory (呼吸的) i 9 . When it’s Major Snow, it is much colder and drier, so people should drink more water. We can also drink hot soup with ginger (生姜) and Chinese dates (枣) to fight a 10   the cold. 03 Natural disasters can happen suddenly and bring great damage (破坏) to people’s lives. Last year, an e 1 happened in a small village near the mountains. At first, people heard a strange noise and felt the ground shake. Some were so s 2 that they still stayed in their houses without moving. However, others ran s 3 to the open ground to keep safe. Thick smoke rose from the falling houses, and some stones fell from the mountains. A bus driver stopped his bus to help the villagers, and his brave b 4 made everyone feel warm. Nowadays, we can learn about d 5 via the Internet and make progress in how to protect ourselves. It’s our responsibility to care for each other, not to s 6 wrong news or cause a mess. We should be honest and not be c 7 in safety training. Everyone, as a citizen, has the duty to know b 8 safety rules. If you see someone in danger, don’t just guess or stand by—call for help at once. Technology also helps us prepare for disasters. We can use smartphone apps to get urgent warnings, and digital tools to plan rescue work (营救工作). Although these inventions bring great a 9 , we should not rely on (依靠) them forever. The best way is to be aware of r 10 and keep the spirit of helping each other alive. 培优篇 04 Lixia, or the Beginning of Summer, is the seventh of the 24 Chinese solar terms which f 1 on May 5 of this year. It symbolises the passing from spring to summer. With the heat of summer, plants and crops will begin to grow much f 2 . So farmers are always happy to welcome the arrival of Lixia. This is the best time of the year to plant early rice in the s 3 part of China. There are plenty of old sayings in China which are used to warn people not to be lazy d 4 this period of time. In China, people c 5 the day of Lixia in different ways. For example, in some places people cook “Five-Coloured Rice”. Usually, it is m 6 from five kinds of beans (豆). It s 7 for people’s good wishes for a colourful life. People also have the custom of e 8 some different kinds of fresh fruits and vegetables. On the day of Lixia, children will wear a bag with an egg around their necks in some areas. This is believed to help keep them safe and h 9 . Other traditions of Lixia include the singing of beautiful folk songs. And people also weigh themselves on the day of Lixia. When the summer p 10 , they’ll weigh themselves again to see how many pounds they have lost during the hot season. 05 Humans can’t stop natural disasters because we can’t stop the power of n 1 . For example, a flood comes when there is too much water on land. Sometimes, it can come after a b 2 rainstorm at sea. Then too much seawater comes onto the land. A fast m 3 flood can hurt us. It can also hurt our homes. We can’t stop the water from coming, but we can t 4 to stop the water by making a wall with sandbags. Sometimes, the sandbags help stop the water. Sometimes they don’t. An earthquake h 5 where land moves. The land goes up and down. The land s 6 . We may be hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. Falling things can s 7 fires. We can’t stop an earthquake from coming. We can try to make our homes strong in order to p 8 them from falling down in an earthquake. A tornado (龙卷风) is fast a 9 that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up everything. It can break anything. A typhoon is a big storm with fast-moving wind and rain. It b 10 at sea and can come onto land. Its fast wind can hurt us and our homes. We can’t stop the power of nature, but we can go to safe places. 06 There are many wetlands in China. Some of them have become important n 1 reserves. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are a 2 them. They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. They are home to m 3 different kinds of birds and animals. The t 4 in the wetlands is not too high or too low. There i 5 a lot of rain and sunshine too. The wetlands are really g 6 places for wildlife. We protect wetlands b 7 they can provide food and home for some special kinds of animals and birds. Wetlands are i 8 because they also prevent floods from happening. L 9 more and more people begin to know the importance of wetlands and wildlife. Every year, on February 2nd, we can invite many people to j 10 in many activities to tell people more about wetlands around the world. We hope humans can live in harmony with animals. 07 Paying for a bus ride with plastic usually makes people think of the plastic bus card. B 1 one Indonesian city has decided to accept plastic recyclable waste instead of money for city buses. Surabaya, Indonesia’s second largest city, l 2 on the eastern end of the country’s main island Java, made this decision in 2018. Now the l 3 can pay for their bus rides by putting plastic cups or bottles directly on the bus. A two-hour bus-ride costs 10 plastic cups or 5 bottles. Indonesia is the second largest ocean plastic polluter, discharging a 4 1.29 million tons of plastic waste into the ocean every year, according to a report. The head of Surabaya’s transportation department said, “With this decision, we hope to raise public awareness of the environment, e 5 people’s awareness of plastic waste.” The collected bottles are s 6 to recycling companies and the money earned goes toward running the bus companies and p 7 money for green spaces in the city. This is certainly turning rubbish into a national t 8 . The decision is part of the city’s p 9 to become plastic waste-free within a few years. In order to encourage local people to take buses, the city also added new Surabaya buses. They are air-conditioned, comfortable and easy for elderly and d 10 passengers to get on and off. 08 The Amazon Rainforest is the world’s b 1 rainforest. It covers 6 m 2 s 3 kilometres. It is in South America, covering countries like Brazil, Peru, and Colombia. You can find many kinds of l 4 plants and animals there. We must remember that nature is important to us. We need to measure the d 5 of lakes and the height of mountains to understand our world better. It is not c 6 to see such a large forest anywhere else. So it is a true natural w 7 . Everyone should take action to protect the natural environment so that animals and plants can s 8 safely. Let’s learn more about geography. Then we can explore this u 9 world and stand at the t 10 of it! 09        Have you ever seen those tall, pointed mountains that look like something from a fairy tale? Or explored huge caves full of strange shapes? These are part of karst landscapes (喀斯特地貌) , a natural wonder that China is famous for. Karst is a special landform formed over millions of years. When rainwater, which is slightly acidic (酸性的) , falls on limestone (a type of rock) , it s 1 breaks down the rock. This process (过程) c 2 amazing shapes on the surface and underground. In China, you can find some of the most breathtaking karst scenery in the world. The Stone Forest (Shilin) in Yunnan is a fantastic e 3 . It looks like a real forest made of stone! Walking through it, you will be amazed by the countless stones. Local Yi people even have a famous festival there. A 4 world-famous site is the South China Karst in Guilin and Yangshuo. The landscape there has the feature of green-covered karst hills standing along the beautiful Li River. It is so beautiful that it appears on the b 5 of the 20-yuan Chinese banknote. Taking a boat trip along the river is like traveling t 6 a Chinese painting. B 7 the beautiful surface views, karst areas also hide unbelievable underground worlds, such as the Reed Flute Cave in Guilin. Inside, you can see so many rocks in unusual shapes— some hang down, and others point upwards. All lit up by c 8 lights, red, blue, pink and so on. These karst landscapes are not just beautiful; they are also v 9 for scientific research. However, they face threats (威胁) from too much p 10 and tourism. Protecting these natural wonders is very important so that future generations can also enjoy their beauty. 10 Rain Water is the second of the 24 solar terms in the Chinese lunar calendar, f 1 the Start of Spring, or Lichun. It fell on February 18 this year, and according to traditional belief, during the period b 2 Rain Water and the next solar term, rain falls and temperatures r 3 . Interesting customs On the first day of Rain Water, married women in the western part of southwest China’s Sichuan Province traditionally pay a visit to their p 4 home as a way to express thanks for raising them. Women, e 5 those who already have children, along with their husbands, would traditionally bring their parents stewed pork in a pot, or Guanguan pork, and chairs with red ribbons, to w 6 them good health. Healthy dishes for spring As the weather turns warmer, air becomes d 7 . It is recommended that people eat fresh vegetables and juicy fruits to keep themselves hydrated (体内水分充足). Bamboo shoots are a 8 the best foods for this season. Dishes with bamboo shoots are served in almost every household in e 9 China, such as Shanghai, Suzhou and Hangzhou, in springtime. One such dish is a soup c 10 Yan Du Xian, which packs quite a flavor but also comes with a backstory. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Living with nature 首字母填空专练 话题：人与自然—与自然共生 基础篇 01 Wintertime is coming. According to the Chinese lunar calendar, November, December, January and February are winter m 1 . They include six solar terms (节气): lidong (beginning of winter), xiaoxue (light snow), daxue (heavy snow), dongzhi (winter solstice), xiaohan (lesser cold) and dahan (greater cold). Winter b 2 at lidong (Nov 7-8), after it, most parts of the country can start to expect (盼望) cold weather. On this day, after a year of hard work, people are happy to take a break and s 3 some time with family. Chinese in the north celebrate lidong as the “Small Spring Festival”. People have dumplings and eat mutton (羊肉) soup. Xiaoxue (Nov 22-23) and daxue (Dec 6-8) come after lidong. D 4 xiaoxue, northern China can expect snow and the temperature slowly falls below 0℃. Daxue means even m 5 snow and much colder days. When dongzhi (Dec 21-23) comes, it brings the s 6 days of the year and the longest nights. Many places around the country can expect the coldest weather. Ancient (古代的) Chinese would often start counting “nine cold periods” (数九寒天) starting from dongzhi. E 7 cold period has nine days. They believed that after 81 cold days, spring would a 8 . Xiaohan (Jan 4-6) usually brings the coldest weather of the year. There may be strong winds. F 9 , during dahan (Jan 19-21), the weather fills the fields with snow. All Chinese are r 10 to welcome the Chinese New Year after dahan. Spring Festival, the most important festival for the Chinese, falls at this time. After that, a new round of solar terms will start. 【答案】 1．months/onths 2．begins/egins 3．spend/pend 4．During/uring 5．more/ore 6．shortest/hortest 7．Every/very/Each/ach 8．arrive/rrive 9．Finally/inally 10．ready/eady 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕中国农历冬季的六个节气，介绍了各节气的时间、气候特点及相关传统习俗。 1．句意：根据中国农历，十一月、十二月、一月和二月是冬季月份。根据“November, December, January and February”及系动词“are”，该处需要一个复数名词做表语，结合首字母m及文意指向“月份”，故填months。 2．句意：冬季从立冬（11月7-8日）开始，立冬过后，全国大部分地区就要迎来寒冷天气了。与“start to expect cold weather”相对应，冬天“开始”于立冬，且整文为一般现在时。结合首字母b与单数主语Winter，故填begins。 3．句意：在这一天，辛苦劳作了一年之后，人们乐于歇一歇，和家人共度时光。固定搭配“spend some time”表示“花费时间”，与“take a break”构成并列。结合首字母s，故填spend。 4．句意：小雪期间，中国北方会迎来降雪，气温也会慢慢降至零摄氏度以下。该处需要一个介词后接“xiaoxue”构成时间状语,来描述气温逐渐下降的过程。结合首字母D与文意，故填During。 5．句意：大雪意味着降雪量更大，天气也会冷得多。后文“much colder days”与该处构成并列，需要一个形容词比较级，修饰名词snow。结合“even”表示“更加”与首字母m，故填more。 6．句意：当冬至（12月21-23日）到来时，一年中白昼最短、夜晚最长的日子也随之而来。根据常识，冬至是一年中“白天最短、黑夜最长”的一天，需要“the+形容词最高级”来修饰days。结合首字母s与文意，故填shortest。 7．句意：每个寒期包含九天。根据“nine days”与后文“81 cold days”可知，九天为一个周期。“cold period”需要一个限定词来修饰，结合首字母E，故填Every或者Each。 8．句意：他们相信，熬过这八十一个寒天，春天就会到来。情态动词would后需接动词原形，作谓语；前文“after 81 cold days”指向春天的“到来”。结合首字母a，故填arrive。 9．句意：最后，到了大寒（1月19-21日），田野里会被白雪覆盖。该处需一个副词，作句首状语；前文按节气顺序描述，“dahan”是最后一个节气。结合首字母F，故填Finally。 10．句意：大寒过后，所有中国人都准备好迎接农历新年了。固定搭配“be ready to do”表示“准备好做某事”，结合首字母r与迎接春节的文意，应填ready。 02 Major Snow, the 21st solar term of the year, marks the start of midwinter. During Major Snow, the t 1 falls greatly, and there may be more snow. Farmers welcome the snow, because when fields are c 2 with snow, the snow acts like a blanket (毛毯) that traps warmth in the soil, so h 3 is less likely to be lost. In this way, crops are protected from cold frost. Even i 4   the snow melts, it can also provide enough water for the g 5 of some winter crops in spring. The s 6 season is also perfect for sports like skiing or skating. There are many such places for natural snow and ice in the n 7 part of China. For example, Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces often have heavy snow in November, leaving rivers and lakes f 8 , which makes ice sports common. Though we have much interest in playing with snow, we should pay attention to respiratory (呼吸的) i 9 . When it’s Major Snow, it is much colder and drier, so people should drink more water. We can also drink hot soup with ginger (生姜) and Chinese dates (枣) to fight a 10   the cold. 【答案】 1．temperature/emperature 2．covered/overed 3．heat/eat 4．if/f 5．growth/rowth 6．snowy/nowy 7．northern/orthern 8．frozen/rozen 9．illness/llness/illnesses/llnesses 10．against/gainst 【导语】本文讲述了大雪节气期间的气候特点、对农作物的影响、适合的冰雪运动以及人们在此期间的健康注意事项。 1．句意：在大雪期间，气温大幅下降，可能会有更多的雪。根据“falls greatly, and there may be more snow”可知，此处描述的是气温下降，结合首字母提示，应填temperature“温度”，不可数名词。故填temperature。 2．句意：农民们欢迎下雪，因为当田野被雪覆盖时，雪就像一条毛毯，将热量困在土壤中，所以热量不太可能流失。根据“the snow acts like a blanket (毛毯) that traps warmth in the soil”可知，此处指田野被雪覆盖，be covered with“被……覆盖”，固定短语。故填covered。 3．句意：农民们欢迎下雪，因为当田野被雪覆盖时，雪就像一条毛毯，将热量困在土壤中，所以热量不太可能流失。根据“traps warmth in the soil”可知，此处指热量不太可能流失，结合首字母提示，应填heat“热量”，不可数名词。故填heat。 4．句意：即使雪融化了，它也能为一些冬季作物在春天的生长提供足够的水分。根据“the snow melts, it can also provide enough water for the...of some winter crops in spring”可知，此处表示假设，即使雪融化了，也能为作物生长提供水分，结合首字母提示，应填if“即使”。故填if。 5．句意：即使雪融化了，它也能为一些冬季作物在春天的生长提供足够的水分。根据“provide enough water for the...of some winter crops in spring”可知，此处指为作物生长提供水分，结合首字母提示，应填growth“生长”，不可数名词。故填growth。 6．句意：雪季也非常适合滑雪或滑冰等运动。根据“season is also perfect for sports like skiing or skating”可知，此处指雪季适合冰雪运动，结合首字母提示，应填snowy“多雪的”，形容词作定语修饰名词season。故填snowy。 7．句意：在中国北方，有许多这样的天然冰雪之地。根据“Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces often have heavy snow”可知，黑龙江和吉林位于中国北方，结合首字母提示，应填northern“北方的”，形容词作定语修饰名词part。故填northern。 8．句意：例如，黑龙江和吉林省在11月经常下大雪，使河流和湖泊结冰，这使得冰上运动很常见。根据“leaving rivers and lakes...”可知，此处指河流和湖泊结冰，结合首字母提示，应填frozen“结冰的”，过去分词作宾语补足语。故填frozen。 9．句意：虽然我们对玩雪很感兴趣，但我们应该注意呼吸道疾病。根据“pay attention to respiratory (呼吸的)”可知，此处指注意呼吸道疾病，结合首字母提示，应填illness“疾病”，不可数名词；也可用其复数形式illnesses表示多种疾病。故填illness/illnesses。 10．句意：我们还可以喝姜和红枣的热汤来御寒。根据“fight...the cold”可知，此处指御寒，结合首字母提示，应填against“对抗”，fight against“对抗”，固定短语。故填against。 03 Natural disasters can happen suddenly and bring great damage (破坏) to people’s lives. Last year, an e 1 happened in a small village near the mountains. At first, people heard a strange noise and felt the ground shake. Some were so s 2 that they still stayed in their houses without moving. However, others ran s 3 to the open ground to keep safe. Thick smoke rose from the falling houses, and some stones fell from the mountains. A bus driver stopped his bus to help the villagers, and his brave b 4 made everyone feel warm. Nowadays, we can learn about d 5 via the Internet and make progress in how to protect ourselves. It’s our responsibility to care for each other, not to s 6 wrong news or cause a mess. We should be honest and not be c 7 in safety training. Everyone, as a citizen, has the duty to know b 8 safety rules. If you see someone in danger, don’t just guess or stand by—call for help at once. Technology also helps us prepare for disasters. We can use smartphone apps to get urgent warnings, and digital tools to plan rescue work (营救工作). Although these inventions bring great a 9 , we should not rely on (依靠) them forever. The best way is to be aware of r 10 and keep the spirit of helping each other alive. 【答案】 1．earthquake/arthquake 2．scared/cared 3．swiftly/wiftly 4．behavior/ehavior 5．disasters/isasters 6．spread/pread 7．careless/areless 8．basic/asic 9．advantages/dvantages 10．risks/isks 【导语】本文介绍了自然灾害的突发性与危害，以山区村庄的灾害事件为例，说明人们面对灾害的不同反应，同时强调应学习防灾知识、承担互助责任，合理利用科技防灾，并保持警惕与互助精神。 1．句意：去年，在山区附近的一个小村庄发生了一场地震。根据上文“Natural disasters can happen suddenly and bring great damage to people’s lives.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是地震，英文表达为earthquake，空前有不定冠词an修饰，因此用单数形式。故填earthquake。 2．句意：有些人非常害怕，仍然呆在房子里一动不动。根据下文“they still stayed in their houses without moving”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示害怕的，英文表达为scared，形容词作表语。故填scared。 3．句意：然而，其他人则迅速跑到空地上以确保安全。根据下文“to the open ground to keep safe”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示迅速地跑到空地上，修饰动词ran用副词swiftly“迅速地”。故填swiftly。 4．句意：一位公交车司机停下车来帮助村民，他的勇敢行为让每个人都感到温暖。根据上文“A bus driver stopped his bus to help the villagers”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示他的勇敢行为，英文表达为behavior，此处用单数形式。故填behavior。 5．句意：如今，我们可以通过互联网了解灾难，并在如何保护自己方面取得进步。根据上文“Natural disasters can happen suddenly and bring great damage to people’s lives.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示了解灾难，英文表达为disaster，此处用复数形式disasters表示泛指。故填disasters。 6．句意：关心彼此是我们的责任，而不是传播错误消息或制造混乱。根据下文“wrong news or cause a mess”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示传播错误消息，英文表达为spread，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填spread。 7．句意：我们应该诚实，在安全训练中不要粗心。根据上文“We should be honest”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示不要粗心，英文表达为careless，形容词作表语。故填careless。 8．句意：每个人，作为公民，都有责任了解基本的安全规则。根据“safety rules”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示基本的安全规则，英文表达为basic，形容词作定语修饰名词。故填basic。 9．句意：尽管这些发明带来了巨大的便利，但我们不应该永远依赖它们。根据上文“We can use smartphone apps to get urgent warnings, and digital tools to plan rescue work.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示这些发明带来了巨大的便利，英文表达为advantage，此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填advantages。 10．句意：最好的方法是意识到风险，保持互相帮助的精神。根据上文“The best way is to be aware of”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示意识到风险，英文表达为risk，此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填risks。 培优篇 04 Lixia, or the Beginning of Summer, is the seventh of the 24 Chinese solar terms which f 1 on May 5 of this year. It symbolises the passing from spring to summer. With the heat of summer, plants and crops will begin to grow much f 2 . So farmers are always happy to welcome the arrival of Lixia. This is the best time of the year to plant early rice in the s 3 part of China. There are plenty of old sayings in China which are used to warn people not to be lazy d 4 this period of time. In China, people c 5 the day of Lixia in different ways. For example, in some places people cook “Five-Coloured Rice”. Usually, it is m 6 from five kinds of beans (豆). It s 7 for people’s good wishes for a colourful life. People also have the custom of e 8 some different kinds of fresh fruits and vegetables. On the day of Lixia, children will wear a bag with an egg around their necks in some areas. This is believed to help keep them safe and h 9 . Other traditions of Lixia include the singing of beautiful folk songs. And people also weigh themselves on the day of Lixia. When the summer p 10 , they’ll weigh themselves again to see how many pounds they have lost during the hot season. 【答案】 1．falls/alls 2．faster/aster 3．southern/outhern 4．during/uring 5．celebrate/elebrate 6．made/ade 7．stands/tands 8．eating/ating 9．healthy/ealthy 10．passes/asses 【导语】本文介绍了二十四节气中的“立夏”节气。 1．句意：今年的5月5日是立夏，或夏初，是中国二十四节气中的第七个节气。根据“which…on May 5”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示发生在5月6日，fall on意为“发生在”，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式falls。故填falls。 2．句意：随着夏天的炎热，植物和农作物将开始长得更快。根据“With the heat of summer, plants and crops will begin to grow much…”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示长得更快，fast意为“快”，much修饰比较级，此处用faster。故填faster。 3．句意：这是中国南方一年中种植早稻的最佳时间。根据“This is the best time of the year to plant early rice in the…part of China.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示中国南方，southern意为“南方的”，形容词作定语修饰part。故填southern。 4．句意：中国有大量的古语用来警告人们在这段时间不要偷懒。根据“…this period of time.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示在这段时间，during意为“在……期间”，符合语境。故填during。 5．句意：在中国，人们以不同的方式庆祝立夏日。根据“In China, people…the day of Lixia in different ways.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示庆祝立夏日，celebrate意为“庆祝”，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是people，谓语动词用原形。故填celebrate。 6．句意：通常，它是由五种豆子制成的。be made from意为“由……制成”，固定词组。故填made。 7．句意：它代表了人们对多彩生活的美好愿望。根据“…for people’s good wishes for a colourful life.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示代表了对多彩生活的美好愿望，stand for意为“代表”，句子时态是一般现在时，it作主语，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。故填stands。 8．句意：人们还有吃一些不同种类的新鲜水果和蔬菜的习俗。根据“have the custom of…some different kinds of fresh fruits and vegetables.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示吃一些不同种类的新鲜水果和蔬菜，eat意为“吃”，of是介词，其后跟动名词形式。故填eating。 9．句意：这被认为有助于保持他们的安全和健康。根据“This is believed to help keep them safe and…”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示保持健康，healthy意为“健康的”，形容词作表语。故填healthy。 10．句意：夏天过去后，他们会再次称体重，看看在炎热的季节里他们减掉了多少磅。根据“When the summer…”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示夏天过去后，pass意为“过”，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是the summer，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。故填passes。 05 Humans can’t stop natural disasters because we can’t stop the power of n 1 . For example, a flood comes when there is too much water on land. Sometimes, it can come after a b 2 rainstorm at sea. Then too much seawater comes onto the land. A fast m 3 flood can hurt us. It can also hurt our homes. We can’t stop the water from coming, but we can t 4 to stop the water by making a wall with sandbags. Sometimes, the sandbags help stop the water. Sometimes they don’t. An earthquake h 5 where land moves. The land goes up and down. The land s 6 . We may be hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. Falling things can s 7 fires. We can’t stop an earthquake from coming. We can try to make our homes strong in order to p 8 them from falling down in an earthquake. A tornado (龙卷风) is fast a 9 that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up everything. It can break anything. A typhoon is a big storm with fast-moving wind and rain. It b 10 at sea and can come onto land. Its fast wind can hurt us and our homes. We can’t stop the power of nature, but we can go to safe places. 【答案】 1．nature/ature 2．big/ig 3．moving/oving 4．try/ry 5．happens/appens 6．shakes/hakes 7．start/tart 8．prevent/revent 9．air/ir 10．begins/egins 【导语】本文主要讲述了自然灾害的成因、特点及人类的应对措施。 1．句意：人类无法阻止自然灾害，因为我们无法阻止自然的力量。根据“Humans can’t stop natural disasters”可知，此处指的是无法阻止自然的力量，名词nature表示“自然”，the power of nature表示“自然的力量”。故填nature。 2．句意：有时，它可能是在海上经历了一场大暴雨后出现的。根据“a...rainstorm”可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，表示“大的暴雨”，形容词big表示“大的”。故填big。 3．句意：快速移动的洪水会伤害我们。根据“flood”可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，表示“快速移动的洪水”，形容词moving表示“移动的”。故填moving。 4．句意：我们无法阻止水的到来，但我们可以尝试用沙袋筑墙来阻止水。根据“to stop the water by making a wall with sandbags”可知，此处指的是尝试用沙袋筑墙来阻止水，动词try表示“尝试”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填try。 5．句意：地震发生在陆地移动的地方。根据“An earthquake”可知，此处指的是地震发生，动词happen表示“发生”，该句描述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，主语An earthquake为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填happens。 6．句意：陆地摇晃。根据“The land goes up and down”可知，此处指的是陆地摇晃，动词shake表示“摇晃”，该句描述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，主语是The land，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填shakes。 7．句意：掉落的东西会引发火灾。根据“Falling things can...fires”可知，此处指的是引发火灾，动词start表示“引发”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填start。 8．句意：我们可以努力使我们的家坚固，以防止它们在地震中倒塌。根据“make our homes strong in order to...them from falling down in an earthquake”可知，此处指的是防止它们在地震中倒塌，动词prevent表示“防止”，in order to do sth表示“为了做某事”，因此用动词原形。故填prevent。 9．句意：龙卷风是在陆地上快速旋转的空气。根据“A tornado (龙卷风) is fast...that goes around and around over the land”可知，此处指的是快速旋转的空气，名词air表示“空气”，为不可数名词。故填air。 10．句意：它从海上开始，然后可以来到陆地上。根据“It...at sea and can come onto the land”可知，此处指的是它从海上开始，动词begin表示“开始”，该句描述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填begins。 06 There are many wetlands in China. Some of them have become important n 1 reserves. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are a 2 them. They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. They are home to m 3 different kinds of birds and animals. The t 4 in the wetlands is not too high or too low. There i 5 a lot of rain and sunshine too. The wetlands are really g 6 places for wildlife. We protect wetlands b 7 they can provide food and home for some special kinds of animals and birds. Wetlands are i 8 because they also prevent floods from happening. L 9 more and more people begin to know the importance of wetlands and wildlife. Every year, on February 2nd, we can invite many people to j 10 in many activities to tell people more about wetlands around the world. We hope humans can live in harmony with animals. 【答案】 1．(n)ature 2．(a)mong 3．(m)any 4．(t)emperature 5．(i)s 6．(g)ood 7．(b)ecause 8．(i)mportant 9．(L)uckily 10．(j)oin 【导语】本文介绍了中国的湿地，以中国黄海湿地为例，讲述了湿地的特点、重要性以及人们为保护湿地所做的努力等。 1．句意：其中一些已经成为重要的自然保护区。根据“reserves.”及首字母提示可知，这里表示自然保护区，即nature reserves。故填(n)ature。 2．句意：中国黄海湿地就在其中。根据“them”及首字母提示可知，此处表示在众多湿地之中，among“在三者及以上之中”，符合题意。故填(a)mong。 3．句意：它们是许多不同种类的鸟类和动物的家园。根据“different kinds of birds and animals.”及首字母提示可知，此处表示许多不同种类，many“许多”。故填(m)any。 4．句意：湿地的温度不太高也不太低。根据“in the wetlands is not too high or too low.”及首字母提示可知，此处表示湿地的温度。temperature“温度”符合题意。故填(t)emperature。 5．句意：也有很多雨水和阳光。根据“There”可知，此处是there be句型；rain是不可数名词，be动词需用is。故填(i)s。 6．句意：湿地对野生动物来说真的是好地方。根据“places for wildlife.”及首字母提示可知，这里表示湿地对野生动物是个好地方。good“好的”符合题意。故填(g)ood。 7．句意：我们保护湿地，因为它们能为一些特殊种类的动物和鸟类提供食物和家园。根据“they can provide food and home for some special kinds of animals and birds.”及首字母提示可知，保护湿地的原因是为动物提供食物和家园，需用because引导原因状语从句。故填(b)ecause。 8．句意：湿地很重要，因为它们也能防止洪水发生。根据“because they also prevent floods from happening.”及首字母提示可知，这里表示湿地的重要性，能防止自然灾害。important“重要的”符合题意。故填(i)mportant。 9．句意：幸运的是，越来越多的人开始了解湿地和野生动物的重要性。根据“more and more people begin to know the importance of wetlands and wildlife.”及首字母提示可知，这里表示越来越多的人开始关注湿地保护，这是幸运的事情，需用副词修饰整个句子。Luckily“幸运地”符合题意。故填(L)uckily。 10．句意：每年2月2日，我们可以邀请很多人参加许多活动，向人们更多地介绍世界各地的湿地。根据“in many activities to tell people more about wetlands around the world.”及首字母提示可知，这里表示参加各种保护活动。join in“参加”；invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”。故填(j)oin。 07 Paying for a bus ride with plastic usually makes people think of the plastic bus card. B 1 one Indonesian city has decided to accept plastic recyclable waste instead of money for city buses. Surabaya, Indonesia’s second largest city, l 2 on the eastern end of the country’s main island Java, made this decision in 2018. Now the l 3 can pay for their bus rides by putting plastic cups or bottles directly on the bus. A two-hour bus-ride costs 10 plastic cups or 5 bottles. Indonesia is the second largest ocean plastic polluter, discharging a 4 1.29 million tons of plastic waste into the ocean every year, according to a report. The head of Surabaya’s transportation department said, “With this decision, we hope to raise public awareness of the environment, e 5 people’s awareness of plastic waste.” The collected bottles are s 6 to recycling companies and the money earned goes toward running the bus companies and p 7 money for green spaces in the city. This is certainly turning rubbish into a national t 8 . The decision is part of the city’s p 9 to become plastic waste-free within a few years. In order to encourage local people to take buses, the city also added new Surabaya buses. They are air-conditioned, comfortable and easy for elderly and d 10 passengers to get on and off. 【答案】 1．But/ ut 2．lying/ying 3．locals/ocals 4．about/bout 5．especially/specially 6．sold/old 7．providing/roviding 8．treasure/reasure 9．plan/lan 10．disabled/isabled 【导语】本文介绍了印度尼西亚泗水市推出的用可回收塑料垃圾支付公交费的环保举措，以及该举措的背景、目的和相关细节。 1．句意：用塑料支付公交费通常会让人想到塑料公交卡。但印度尼西亚的一个城市已决定接受可回收塑料垃圾，而非金钱来支付城市公交费用。前文提到“Paying for a bus ride with plastic usually makes people think of the plastic bus card.”，后文提出“accept plastic recyclable waste instead of money for city buses.”的新做法，前后存在转折关系；该处需一个连词，用于表示转折关系，结合首字母“B”，应填But“但是”。 2．句意：印度尼西亚第二大城市泗水，位于该国主岛爪哇岛的东端，于2018年做出了这一决定。文中“Surabaya, Indonesia’s second largest city”是句子主语，后接部分用于说明其地理位置；该处需一个动词的现在分词形式，作后置定语修饰名词city，结合首字母“l”，应填lying“位于”。 3．句意：现在当地人可以通过将塑料杯或塑料瓶直接放在公交车上来支付公交费用。该处需一个名词在句中作主语，指代该城市的居民，结合首字母“l”，应填local“当地人”，常用复数形式locals。 4．句意：根据一份报告，印度尼西亚是第二大海洋塑料污染国，每年向海洋排放约129万吨塑料垃圾。文中“1.29 million tons of plastic waste”为统计数据，此处需补充表示约数的修饰词；该处需一个副词，结合首字母“a”，应填about“大约”。 5．句意：泗水市交通部门负责人表示：“通过这一决定，我们希望提高公众的环境意识，尤其是人们对塑料垃圾的意识。”文中前文提到“raise public awareness of the environment”，后文进一步聚焦“people’s awareness of plastic waste”，是对前文的递进强调；该处需一个副词，用于表示强调，结合首字母“e”，应填especially“尤其”。 6．句意：收集到的瓶子被卖给回收公司，赚取的钱用于运营公交公司，并为城市的绿地项目提供资金。文中主语“The collected bottles”是动作“卖”的承受者，需用被动语态；结合首字母“s”，应填sold“卖”。 7．句意：收集到的瓶子被卖给回收公司，赚取的钱用于运营公交公司，并为城市的绿地项目提供资金。文中“running the bus companies”为介词toward的宾语，此处需补充与之并列的动名词，共同作介词的宾语；结合首字母“p”，应填providing“提供”。 8．句意：这无疑是将垃圾转化为国家财富。此处需补充表示“财富”的名词，呼应“变废为宝”的逻辑，在句中作宾语；结合首字母“t”，应填treasure“财富”。 9．句意：这一决定是该市在几年内实现无塑料垃圾目标计划的一部分。文中“to become plastic waste-free within a few years”是该市的长期目标规划；结合首字母“p”，应填plan“计划”。 10．句意：它们有空调、很舒适，方便老年人和残疾乘客上下车。文中“elderly and… passengers”为并列结构，需补充与elderly同类的、表示特殊出行群体的形容词；结合首字母“d”，应填disabled“残疾的”。 08 The Amazon Rainforest is the world’s b 1 rainforest. It covers 6 m 2 s 3 kilometres. It is in South America, covering countries like Brazil, Peru, and Colombia. You can find many kinds of l 4 plants and animals there. We must remember that nature is important to us. We need to measure the d 5 of lakes and the height of mountains to understand our world better. It is not c 6 to see such a large forest anywhere else. So it is a true natural w 7 . Everyone should take action to protect the natural environment so that animals and plants can s 8 safely. Let’s learn more about geography. Then we can explore this u 9 world and stand at the t 10 of it! 【答案】 1．biggest/iggest 2．million/illion 3．square/quare 4．living/iving 5．depth/epth 6．common/ommon 7．wonder/onder 8．survive/urvive 9．unique/nique 10．top/op 【导语】本文介绍了亚马孙雨林的地理概况、生态价值，呼吁大家保护自然环境，学习地理、探索广阔世界。 1．句意：亚马逊雨林是世界上最大的雨林。根据“the world’s”可知，比较范围为全世界，用形容词big“大的”的最高级biggest“最大的”。 2．句意：它占地600万平方公里。million“百万”，与具体数字连用时，不加-s。 3．句意：它占地600万平方公里。square kilometres“平方公里”，表示面积。 4．句意：你可以在那里找到许多种类的有生命的植物和动物。living“有生命的”，形容词，修饰plants and animals。 5．句意：我们需要测量湖泊的深度和山脉的高度，以便更好地了解我们的世界。与“山脉的高度”对应的，应该是“湖泊的深度”，depth“深度”。 6．句意：在其他地方看到如此大的森林并不常见。下文指出这是真正的自然奇观，所以并不常见，common“常见的”。 7．句意：所以这是一个真正的自然奇观。natural wonder“自然奇观”，前面有a，名词用单数。 8．句意：每个人都应该采取行动保护自然环境，使动植物能够安全生存。此处保护自然环境的目的——动植物能够安全生存，survive“生存”，情态动词can后用动词原形。 9．句意：然后我们可以探索这个独一无二的世界，站在它的顶端！unique意为 “独特的、独一无二的”，贴合全文地理探索的主题。 10．句意：然后我们可以探索这个独一无二的世界，站在它的顶端！stand at the top of“站在……顶部”。 09        Have you ever seen those tall, pointed mountains that look like something from a fairy tale? Or explored huge caves full of strange shapes? These are part of karst landscapes (喀斯特地貌) , a natural wonder that China is famous for. Karst is a special landform formed over millions of years. When rainwater, which is slightly acidic (酸性的) , falls on limestone (a type of rock) , it s 1 breaks down the rock. This process (过程) c 2 amazing shapes on the surface and underground. In China, you can find some of the most breathtaking karst scenery in the world. The Stone Forest (Shilin) in Yunnan is a fantastic e 3 . It looks like a real forest made of stone! Walking through it, you will be amazed by the countless stones. Local Yi people even have a famous festival there. A 4 world-famous site is the South China Karst in Guilin and Yangshuo. The landscape there has the feature of green-covered karst hills standing along the beautiful Li River. It is so beautiful that it appears on the b 5 of the 20-yuan Chinese banknote. Taking a boat trip along the river is like traveling t 6 a Chinese painting. B 7 the beautiful surface views, karst areas also hide unbelievable underground worlds, such as the Reed Flute Cave in Guilin. Inside, you can see so many rocks in unusual shapes— some hang down, and others point upwards. All lit up by c 8 lights, red, blue, pink and so on. These karst landscapes are not just beautiful; they are also v 9 for scientific research. However, they face threats (威胁) from too much p 10 and tourism. Protecting these natural wonders is very important so that future generations can also enjoy their beauty. 【答案】 1．slowly/lowly 2．creates/reates 3．example/xample 4．Another/nother 5．back/ack 6．through/hrough 7．Besides/esides 8．colorful/olorful 9．valuable/aluable 10．pollution/ollution 【导语】本文介绍了中国喀斯特地貌的形成过程、著名景观及其科学价值与保护重要性。 1．句意：当微酸性的雨水落在石灰岩上时，它会逐渐分解岩石。根据“breaks down”可知需用副词修饰动词，表示缓慢溶解的过程。又因首字母为s，故填slowly。 2．句意：这个过程在地表和地下形成了惊人的形状。根据“amazing shapes”可知需用动词作谓语，表示"创造"含义。又因主语为单数process，故填creates。 3．句意：云南的石林是一个绝妙的例子。根据“a fantastic”可知需用名词单数 ，结合首字母可知这里表示典型“例子”。故填example。 4．句意：另一个世界闻名的景点是桂林和阳朔的华南喀斯特地貌。根据“world-famous site”可知需用代词，结合上文，这里提到“另一个”景点作为例子，首字母为A，故填Another。 5．句意：它如此美丽以至于出现在20元人民币的背面。根据“the... of”可知需用名词，结合句意表示纸币“部位”，固定搭配“on the back”，故填back。 6．句意：沿河乘船就像穿行在中国画中。根据“traveling... a Chinese painting”可知需用介词，表示“在画中穿行”。故填through。 7．句意：除了美丽的地表景观，喀斯特地区还隐藏着难以置信的地下世界。根据“surface views”和“underground worlds”可知需用介词表示递进关系。又因首字母为B，故填Besides。 8．句意：所有岩石都被彩色灯光照亮，红色、蓝色、粉色等等。根据“by... lights, red, blue, pink”可知需用形容词修饰lights，表示“彩灯”。故填colorful。 9．句意：这些喀斯特景观不仅美丽，对科学研究也很重要。根据“they are also... for scientific research”可知需用形容词作表语，对科学研究应是“有价值的”。故填valuable。 10．句意：然而它们面临着污染和旅游的威胁。根据“threats (威胁) from too much... and tourism”可知需用不可数名词，表示人为活动，因首字母为p，pollution污染，符合语境。故填pollution。 10 Rain Water is the second of the 24 solar terms in the Chinese lunar calendar, f 1 the Start of Spring, or Lichun. It fell on February 18 this year, and according to traditional belief, during the period b 2 Rain Water and the next solar term, rain falls and temperatures r 3 . Interesting customs On the first day of Rain Water, married women in the western part of southwest China’s Sichuan Province traditionally pay a visit to their p 4 home as a way to express thanks for raising them. Women, e 5 those who already have children, along with their husbands, would traditionally bring their parents stewed pork in a pot, or Guanguan pork, and chairs with red ribbons, to w 6 them good health. Healthy dishes for spring As the weather turns warmer, air becomes d 7 . It is recommended that people eat fresh vegetables and juicy fruits to keep themselves hydrated (体内水分充足). Bamboo shoots are a 8 the best foods for this season. Dishes with bamboo shoots are served in almost every household in e 9 China, such as Shanghai, Suzhou and Hangzhou, in springtime. One such dish is a soup c 10 Yan Du Xian, which packs quite a flavor but also comes with a backstory. 【答案】 1．(f)ollowing 2．(b)etween 3．(r)ise 4．(p)arents’ 5．(e)specially 6．(w)ish 7．(d)ry 8．(a)mong 9．(e)astern 10．(c)alled 【导语】本文介绍了中国农历二十四节气中的雨水节气，包括其在节气顺序中的位置、时间，还阐述了雨水节气有趣的习俗，以及春季适宜的健康饮食。 1．句意：雨水是中国农历二十四节气中的第二个，在立春之后。根据“the Start of Spring, or Lichun.”及首字母提示可知，根据对节气顺序的介绍，雨水在立春之后，following“在……之后”符合题意。故填(f)ollowing。 2．句意：今年雨水在2月18日，根据传统观念，在雨水和下一个节气期间，降雨增多，气温上升。根据“Rain Water and the next solar term,”及首字母提示可知，这里要表达“在雨水和下一个节气之间”，between...and...是固定搭配，连接两个节气，表示时间段。故填(b)etween。 3．句意：今年雨水在2月18日，根据传统观念，在雨水和下一个节气期间，降雨增多，气温上升。根据“rain falls and temperatures”及首字母提示可知，根据常识以及原文中对雨水节气天气特征的描述，可知此期间气温是上升的。rise“上升”和rain falls结构并列，描述雨水节气期间气温的变化情况。故填(r)ise。 4．句意：在雨水节气的第一天，中国西南部四川省西部的已婚妇女，传统上会回娘家，以此表达对父母养育之恩的感谢。根据“On the first day of Rain Water, married women in the western part of southwest China’s Sichuan Province traditionally pay a visit to their”及首字母提示可知，文中明确提到已婚妇女回娘家这一习俗，parents’是parents的所有格形式，表示“父母的”。故填(p)arents’。 5．句意：妇女，尤其是那些已经有孩子的妇女，会和她们的丈夫一起，按照传统给父母带上炖在锅里的猪肉，即罐罐肉，还有系着红丝带的椅子，祝愿他们身体健康。根据“those who already have children, along with their husbands,”及首字母提示可知，此句是对前文Women的进一步说明，强调有孩子的妇女这一群体。especially“尤其”符合题意。故填(e)specially。 6．句意：妇女，尤其是那些已经有孩子的妇女，会和她们的丈夫一起，按照传统给父母带上炖在锅里的猪肉，即罐罐肉，还有系着红丝带的椅子，祝愿他们身体健康。根据“would traditionally bring their parents stewed pork in a pot, or Guanguan pork, and chairs with red ribbons,”及首字母提示可知，妇女和丈夫给父母带东西是为了表达祝愿。wish“祝愿”符合语境，wish sb. good health意思是“祝愿某人身体健康”。故填(w)ish。 7．句意：随着天气转暖，空气变得干燥。建议人们吃新鲜蔬菜和多汁水果来保持体内水分充足。根据“It is recommended that people eat fresh vegetables and juicy fruits to keep themselves hydrated (体内水分充足).”及首字母提示可知，天气变暖后空气的状态是干燥的。dry“干燥的”符合题意，用于描述空气的特征。故填(d)ry。 8．句意：竹笋是这个季节最好的食物之一。在春天，几乎华东地区的每个家庭，如上海、苏州和杭州，都会做有竹笋的菜肴。根据“the best foods for this season.”及首字母提示可知，文中提及竹笋是春季适宜的食物，among“在……之中（三者及以上）”，among the best foods表示“在最好的食物之中”，符合题意。故填(a)mong。 9．句意：在春天，几乎华东地区的每个家庭，如上海、苏州和杭州，都会做有竹笋的菜肴。根据“China, such as Shanghai, Suzhou and Hangzhou, in springtime.”及首字母提示可知，后文举例“上海、苏州和杭州”，这些城市都位于中国东部。eastern“东部的”符合题意。故填(e)astern。 10．句意：其中一道菜是一种叫腌笃鲜的汤，它味道浓郁，还有一段故事。根据“Yan Du Xian, which packs quite a flavor but also comes with a backstory.”及首字母提示可知，这里是对汤的介绍，called“被叫做”符合题意，是过去分词作后置定语，修饰a soup，表示汤的名称。故填(c)alled。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $