Unit 6 Crossing Cultures Section B How do we show respect to other cultures? 课文知识点及扩展 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

新人教版英语八年级下册教材同步辅导 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures Section B How do we show respect to other cultures? 课文知识点及扩展 1. They helped me to learn more about the customs here after I had some embarrassing experiences at a party last month. （教材 P56 1b） 上个月我在一次聚会上经历了一些尴尬的事后，他们帮我了解了更多这里的习俗。 重点词汇：custom /ˈkʌstəm/ n. 习俗 a traditional Chinese custom 中国传统习俗 a folk custom 民间习俗 a local custom 当地风俗 the custom of doing sth. 做某事的习俗 I find it necessary to learn about the local customs before going somewhere. 我认为在去某地之前有必要了解一下当地的风俗。 People also have the custom of eating some different kinds of fresh fruits and vegetables. 人们还有吃一些不同种类的新鲜水果和蔬菜的习俗。（眉山中考） 谚 Every country has its customs. 乡有乡俗。 【拓展】customs [名词] 海关 Her brother is a customs officer. 她的哥哥是一名海关官员。 Many French people are quite private. 很多法国人非常不喜欢讨论私事。 2. Many French people are quite private. 很多法国人非常不喜欢讨论私事。（教材P56 1b） 重点词汇：private /ˈpraɪvət/ adj. 私事的；私人的 He made some notes for his private use. 他记了些笔记供自己所用。 AI can answer questions about facts. But don’t try to ask it for other people’s private information. 人工智能可以回答关于事实的问题。但不要试图向它询问他人的私人信息。（2025 广东中考） 【拓展】in private 私下地 We can talk about this matter in private. 我们可以私下谈论这件事。 3. ①They don’t like it when others ask them about their age, their family, whether they are married, or how much money they make. 他们不喜欢别人问他们的年龄、家庭情况、是否已婚，或者收入多少。（教材 P56 1b） ② Isn’t it exciting that James will marry Jennifer next month? 詹姆斯下个月要和珍妮弗结婚了，这难道不令人激动吗？（教材 P58 2c） 重点词汇：whether /ˈweðə(r)/conj. 是否，引导宾语从句，有时可与 if 互换。 He asked whether (= if) Betty came home late last night. 他问贝蒂昨晚是否很晚才回家。 注意：当whether 后紧跟or not 或与动词不定式连用时，不能换为 if。 Nobody knows whether or not it will rain tomorrow. 没有人知道明天是否会下雨。 I can’t decide whether to go or stay. 我不能决定是走还是留。 重点词汇：married /ˈmærɪd/ adj. 已婚的；婚姻的。在句中可作定语或表语。 get married 已婚，结婚：短暂性动词短语，表示动作，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 be married 已婚，结婚：延续性动词短语，表示状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 How do you like your married life? 你觉得婚后生活怎么样？（作定语） Before long, they got married and moved to the old house where they first met. 不久以后，他们结婚了，搬到了他们第一次相遇的那所老房子里。（作表语） We have been married for two years. 我们结婚已经两年了。（现在完成时） 【拓展】be/get married to sb. 与某人结婚 注意：该短语中 to 不能换为 with。 Jane was married to a doctor. 简嫁给了一位医生。 Rose got married to a teacher. 罗丝和一位教师结婚了。 重点词汇：marry /ˈmæri/ v. 结婚；娶；嫁 ① marry sb. 娶 / 嫁给某人 My uncle married a teacher. 我叔叔娶了一位教师。 ② marry sb. to sb. 把…… 嫁给……，为…… 娶亲 Daisy’s parents married her to a lawyer. 戴西的父母把她嫁给了一名律师。 4. I’m so excited, and I can’t wait to congratulate them. （教材 P58 2c） 我很激动，等不及要去祝贺他们了。 重点词汇：congratulate /kənˈɡrætʃuleɪt/ v. 祝贺 ① congratulate sb. 祝贺某人 ② congratulate sb. on sth. 因某事祝贺某人 ③ congratulate sb. for doing sth. 祝贺某人做某事 Soon after the show, my family came backstage to congratulate me. 表演结束后不久，我的家人到后台来祝贺我。（衢州中考） My mother congratulated me on my great success. 妈妈祝贺我取得了巨大的成功。 Congratulate you for winning first place in the 100-meter dash. 祝贺你获得百米赛跑第一名。 【拓展】 congratulation [名词] 祝贺（常用其复数形式 congratulations） Congratulations! I heard that you won first prize in the talent show yesterday. 恭喜你！我听说你在昨天的才艺表演中获得了一等奖。（齐齐哈尔中考） 5. There are many rules and traditions about how to use chopsticks properly. 关于如何恰当地使用筷子，有许多规则和传统。（教材 P58 2d） 重点词汇：tradition /trəˈdɪʃn/ n. 传统。常用搭配： a/the tradition of …… 的传统 The tradition of tea drinking began in China thousands of years ago. 饮茶的传统几千年前始于中国。（湖州中考） tradition → traditional → traditionally n. 传统 adj. 传统的 adv. 传统上 Wang Hui often shares traditional Chinese culture with Steve online. 王辉经常在网上与史蒂夫分享中国传统文化。（2025 广安中考） People traditionally eat mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival. 传统上，人们在中秋节吃月饼。 6. person receiving the email 收件人 关于如何恰当地使用筷子，有许多规则和传统。（教材 P58 2d） 句子成分分析：这里 receiving the email 是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词 the person。 原句= The person who is receiving the email. 相当于省略了 who is，变成现在分词后置定语。 The girl singing in the room is my sister. 正在房间里唱歌的女孩是我妹妹。 The man waiting at the door is a teacher. 正在门口等候的那位男士是老师。 重点词汇：receive /rɪˈsiːv/ v. 收到（信件、礼物等实物） She received a camera as a twenty-fifth birthday gift. 她收到了一部照相机作为她 25 岁的生日礼物。 辨析 accept 与 receive accept 接受 指被给予者经过考虑而愿意接受，通常指主观上的接受，常与表示邀请或建议的词连用。 例如：accept an invitation 接受邀请；accept your advice 接受建议 receive 收到 指客观上收到（信件、礼物等），不涉及被给予者是否愿意接受。 例如：receive a letter 收到一封信 7. It could give people the false impression that I’m a rude person. （教材P59 3a） 这可能会给人留下错误印象，觉得我是个没礼貌的人。 重点词汇： false /fɔːls/ adj. 错误的；不真实的 Please decide whether the following statements are true or false. 请判断以下说法的对错。 【拓展】fault [名词] 过错；责任 The accident was not her fault. 这次事故不是她的错。 重点词汇：impression /ɪmˈpreʃn/ n. 印象（可数名词） 由 “impress (v. 给…… 留下深刻印象) + -ion (后缀)” 构成。 ① first impression 第一印象 ② give an impression 给人印象 ③ make a good/deep impression on sb. 给某人留下好 / 深刻的印象 What were your first impressions of junior high? 你对初中的第一印象是什么？ When we looked around the school we got a very good impression. 我们参观了学校，对它的印象很好。 The smart student made a deep impression on me. 那个聪明的学生给我留下了深刻的印象。 8. Negative prefixes(否定前缀) modify the meaning of adjectives to their opposites. 前缀 适配首字母 / 类型 例词 un- 大多形容词、分词 unhappy, unable，unsafe, unfriendly，unhappy, unlucky unable, unfair in- 普通辅音开头 （除l/r/b/p/m） informal, incorrect, indirect im- b /p/m 开头 improper, impossible, imperfect, impolite il- l 开头 illegal, illogical ir- r 开头 irregular,irresponsible, irresponsible dis- 动词、表相反动作 disagree, dislike, disappear, dishonest 【随堂小练习】 1.The problem is not difficult at all. It’s ______ for me to solve. A. possible B. impossible C. unhappy D. informal 2.It’s ______ to laugh at others when they make mistakes. We should be polite. A. impolite B. polite C. irregular D. illegal 3.He is a quiet boy and ______ with his parents. He always keeps his ideas to himself. A. disagrees B. agrees C. disappears D. dislikes 4.It is ______ to drive after drinking wine. It’s against the law. A. illegal B. legal C. irregular D. imperfect 5.The boy felt ______ because he lost his favorite toy car. A. lucky B. unlucky C. happy D. unfair 6.This answer is ______. Let me give you the correct one. A. correct B. incorrect C. informal D. impolite 7.She is very shy and feels ______ when speaking in public. A. comfortable B. uncomfortable C. unfair D. irresponsible 8.The teacher said it was ______ to use mobile phones in class. It broke the school rules. A. disallowed B. allowed C. informal D. irresponsible 9.His handwriting is ______. I can hardly read what he wrote. A. regular B. irregular C. impossible D. unhappy 10.The two friends had a fight and now they ______ with each other. A. agree B. disagree C. disappear D. dislike 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $