Unit 7 Grammar-Integration知识点梳理及练习2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

该初中英语Unit 7 Charities课时3复习讲义通过系统梳理17个核心语言知识点构建知识体系，运用对比表格（如besides/except/except for辨析）、短语积累框架（如hand相关短语）及句式结构拆解图（如make it+adj.+for sb to do sth）呈现知识脉络，突出词汇用法、语法规则及句型应用的重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与方法指导，即时训练（如“aim to do/aim at doing”填空题）巩固基础，中考真题（如2024江苏淮安期末被动语态题）提升语言能力，通过“have difficulty doing sth”易错题型分析培养思维品质。基础巩固与能力提升模块满足不同学生需求，助力自主复习，为教师精准教学提供支持。

译林版英语 Unit 7 Charities 课时3 Grammar-Further study 语言知识点梳理 知识精讲 Grammar 语言知识点 知识点 1 A young boy was blinded in a car accident in January this year. 【词汇讲解】 blind v.使失明；使看不清楚 adj.瞎的；失明的 be blind 失明（状态） go blind 变瞎（动作） 例句：She went blind at 5. 她 5 岁时失明。 He has been blind since birth. 他天生失明。 常用搭配： be blind to sth 对......视而不见 He is blind to his own mistakes. 他对自己的错误视而不见。 ▲the blind（盲人，复数概念，谓语用复数） The blind need our help. 盲人需要我们的帮助。 知识点 2 In addition to helping patients directly,Orbis does many other things. 【词汇讲解】 (1) addition n. 增加；添加；新增物 in addition副词短语：此外，另外 = besides /what’s more in addition to sth 介词短语：除…… 之外（还有） (后面跟名词 / 代词 /doing) 【词汇拓展】 add v. 增加；添加 add...to... 把......加到......里 additional adj. 额外的；附加的 例句：In addition, we need more time.此外，我们还需要更多时间。 In addition to English, he studies French.除了英语之外，他还学法语。 You can add some salt to the soup.你可以往汤里加点盐。 (2) directly adv.直接地 常用搭配：go directly to… 径直去…… speak directly 直说 【词汇拓展】 direct adj. 直接的 / v. 指导；指向 a direct flight 直达飞机 direction n. 方向；方位 the direction of …… 的方向 in all directions 四面八方 director n. 导演；主管 a famous director 一个著名导演 【即时训练】 1. You should answer the teacher’s question ________ (direct). 2. Which ________ (direct) is the supermarket? 3. In ________ (add), we should exercise every day. 4. In addition to ________ (read), he likes writing. 知识点3 Leaflets are handed out to people in the street by volunteers. (1) leaflet n.传单；小册子；宣传单页 复数：leaflets 常用搭配：hand out leaflets 散发传单 receive a leaflet 收到传单 例句：Volunteers are handing out leaflets in the street.志愿者正在街上发传单。 (2) hand out 分发；散发= give out hand out + 名词 ：hand out leaflets /books/papers 分发传单 / 书本 / 试卷 hand them out ✅（代词必须放中间） 【短语积累】 hand in 上交（试卷、作业） hand on 依次传递；转交 by hand 手工；亲手 hand over 交出；移交 hand in hand 手拉手；密切相连 shake hands with sb. 与某人握手 lend/give sb. a hand 帮某人忙，搭把手 on the one hand…on the other hand…一方面…… 另一方面……（作文万能衔接句） 知识点 4 It was founded in 1919 and aims to help build a better future for all children. 【词汇讲解】 aim v. 瞄准；旨在；力求 / n. 目标，目的 常用搭配：aim to do sth. 打算 / 力求做某事 例：We aim to finish the work on time.我们力求按时完成工作。 aim at doing sth. 旨在做某事；瞄准做某事= aim to do sth. the aim of … …… 的目的 with the aim of 以…… 为目的 例：The aim of the activity is to help poor kids.这次活动的目的是帮助贫困孩子。 【词汇拓展】 aimed adj. 目的明确的；被瞄准的 aimless adj. 漫无目的的（反义词） 【即时训练】 1. They aim ____________ (plant)more trees to protect the environment. 2. The project aims at ______ (help) young people. 3. They hold the sports meeting with the (aim) of making students stronger. 知识点 5 For example,the World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF)works hard to protect the natural world for the benefit of people and wildlife. 【词汇讲解】 benefit v. 有益于；受益 / n. 益处，好处 常用搭配： be of benefit to sb.= be good for sb. 对某人有好处 for the benefit of… 为了…… 的利益；为帮助…… benefit from sth.从…… 中受益 【词汇拓展】 beneficial /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl/ adj. 有益的 be beneficial to sb./sth. = be of benefit to 对…… 有益 【即时训练】用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The activity is of great _________ (益处)to teenagers. 2.Fresh air is ___________ (benefit) to our health. 3.Students can benefit from ___________ (read) English every morning. 知识点 6 It also makes great efforts to make sure families are provided with clean water and hungry children are fed. 【词汇讲解】 (1) make efforts to do sth.努力做某事；尽力做某事 make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事（单数） 同义替换：try to do sth. /do one’s best to do sth. 例句：We should make efforts to protect the environment.我们应该努力保护环境。 (2) provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物 例句：The school provides us with free books.= The school provides free books for us.学校为我们提供免费书本。 【即时训练】 1.We should make efforts ______ our English well. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned 2.The hotel provides guests ______ hot water all day. A. for B. with C. to D. of 3.They provide food ______ the poor children. A. with B. for C. at D. on 词形 / 句型转换 1. People make great efforts ________ (save) the animals. 2. The factory provides workers with lunch.（同义句转换） The factory ______ lunch ______ workers. Integration 语言知识点 知识点 7 Now UNICEF is a powerful champion of children’s rights around the world. 【词汇讲解】 (1) Champion n.冠军；优胜者；拥护者 常用搭配：the champion of …… 的冠军 / ......的捍卫者 world champion 世界冠军 win a champion 夺得冠军 例句：He is the swimming champion. 他是游泳冠军。 【词汇拓展】 championship n. 锦标赛；冠军头衔 school championship 校园锦标赛 (2) right n.权利；右边 adj.正确的；右边的 adv.正好；恰好；立刻 常用搭配： the right answer 正确答案 on the right 在右边 turn right 向右转 human rights 人权 have the right to do sth. 有权利做某事 right now 现在，立刻 right here 就在这儿 例句：You have the right to express your own ideas.你有权利表达自己的想法。 Please come here right away. We are waiting for you.请立刻到这来。我们在等你。 知识点 8 It provides clean water and food,education and healthcare to children. 【词汇讲解】 healthcare n.医疗保健；医疗卫生；医疗服务 常用搭配：healthcare service 医疗服务 healthcare workers 医护人员 public healthcare 公共医疗 知识点 9 Besides,it works closely with governments to develop programmes to help and protect children. 【词汇讲解】 besides prep. 除…… 之外（还有）包含后面这个人 / 物，累加关系 adv. 此外，而且 例句：Besides English, we learn math and physics.除了英语（还学），我们还学数学和物理。 It’s too late. Besides, it’s raining.太晚了，而且还在下雨。 易混词 含义 区别 例句 besides 除… 之外还有 包含 Besides Tom, all went. 除了 Tom 也去了，其他人也都去了。 except 除… 之外没有 排除，同类 Except Tom, all went. 除了 Tom 没去，其他人都去了。 except for 除… 之外 整体中细节瑕疵，不同类 Your new house is perfect except for a small window.你的房子很好，除了窗户有点小。 ▲beside prep.在…… 旁边（位置） He sits beside me.他坐在我旁边。 【即时训练】 1.Everyone went to the cinema ______ Mike. He had to look after his grandma. A. besides B. except C. except for D. beside 2. ______ English, we also learn physics and chemistry. A. Except B. Except for C. Besides D. Without 3.The composition is good ______ a few spelling mistakes. A. besides B. except C. except for D. beside 知识点 10 Through its great efforts,UNICEF is making great progress to create a better world for children. 【词汇讲解】 (1) through adv. 穿过(内部)；通过；从头到尾（时间）；凭借（方式） walk through the forest 穿过森林 live through the winter 熬过冬天 through hard work 通过努力 【through短语】 go through 经历；浏览；仔细检查 get through 通过（考试）；接通电话 look through 浏览；快速查看 (2) progress n. 进步；进展（不可数名词） v. 进步；进展 常用搭配：make progress 取得进步 make great progress 取得巨大进步 make little progress 几乎没有取得进步 make progress in… 在…… 方面取得进步 例：He has made great progress in English.他在英语上取得了很大进步。 知识点 11 During the fast spread of a virus,UNICEF works with the WHO to protect children. 【词汇讲解】 (1) spread v. 传播；蔓延；散开；铺开n. 传播；蔓延 ▲过去式：spread 过去分词：spread 现在分词：spreading 常用搭配：spread news 散布消息 spread virus / illness / disease 传播病毒 / 疾病 prevent the spread of… 阻止…… 的传播 (2) virus n. 病毒 复数：viruses stop/keep/prevent…from spreading阻止…… 蔓延 / 传播 例句：We must stop the virus from spreading.我们必须阻止病毒传播。 【即时训练】 1. The news ________ (spread) across the whole country last week. 2. We should try our best to stop these ________ (virus) from spreading. 3. Keep clean to prevent the disease from ________ (spread). 4. Rumours (谣言) ________ (spread) easily online now. 知识点 12 They even have difficulty getting necessary things. 【短语积累】 have difficulty doing sth 做某事有困难 have difficulty with + 名词 “在某方面有困难” = have trouble doing sth = have problems doing sth 易错题型：have difficulty (in) doing 嵌套宾语从句 how much difficulty + 主语 + have + doing 【即时训练】 1.Could you tell me how much difficulty she has ______ with her classmates? A. communicate B. to communicate C. communicating D. communicated 2.Do you know how much difficulty we had ______ to the top of the mountain? A. climb B. climbing C. to climb D. climbed 3.He has difficulty ________ (fall) asleep at night. 4.She has difficulty ______ pronunciation. 5.I wonder how much difficulty they had ______ (solve)the problem in such a short time. 知识点 13 Children in poor areas may also miss out on jobs when they grow up because they have little chance to use modern technology. 【短语积累】 miss out (on) 错失（机会） miss out on the chance 错失机会 miss out on the activity 错过活动 【辨析】miss sth VS miss out on sth 区别 miss sth：错过（车、会议、人） miss out on sth：错失（机会、福利、乐趣、成长机会） 中考写作常考 例句：If you don’t join us, you’ll miss out.如果你不加入，你会错失良机。 He missed out on getting into the good high school.他错失了进入优质高中的机会。 【即时训练】 1.Don’t miss out ______ the chance to study abroad. A. to B. on C. in D. at 2.If you stay at home, you will ______ on all the fun. A. miss B. miss out C. lose D. give up 3.Many kids miss out on______ (take) part in after-school activities. 知识点 14 It’s one of the oldest and most influential charities in China. 【词汇讲解】 influential adj.有影响力的;有权势的 常用搭配：an influential person 一位有影响力的人 an influential writer 有影响力的作家 be influential in… 在…… 方面有影响力 【词汇拓展】 influence v. 影响 /n. 影响 influence sb / sth影响某人 / 某事 have an influence on sb/sth对…… 有影响 【即时训练】 1.He is one of ________ (influence) teachers in our city. 2.Teachers’ ________ (influence) can change students’ life. 3.What we do will have a great influence ______ others. A. to B. on C. in D. at 知识点 15 He said that it was important for children to receive education. 【短语积累】 receive education 接受教育 【辨析】receive和accept区别： receive 客观上收到、接受（教育、信件、礼物） accept 主观上乐意接受、认可（道歉、邀请） 知识点 16 Three weeks later,Alina entered a local school. 【词汇讲解】 enter v.进入(空间、场所）；加入；参加（比赛 / 学校） enter + 地点= go into /come into + 地点 enter a school 入学、考入某校 enter a competition 参加比赛 enter for the exam 报名参加考试 【词汇拓展】 entrance n. 入口；大门口 the entrance to… …… 的入口 知识点 17 She enjoys school and is grateful to UNICEF for helping her. 【词汇讲解】 grateful adj.感激的,感恩的 同义词：thankful 常用搭配：be grateful to sb对某人心存感激 be grateful for sth因某事 / 某物而感激 be grateful to sb for sth因某事感激某人 （最高频） 例句：We are grateful to him for his kindness.我们因他的善良而感激他。 【词汇拓展】 gratitude n. 感激、谢意 show gratitude to sb 向某人表达谢意 句式分析 句式一：These make it difficult for those children to live in a safe environment and get what they need. ▲make it+adj.+for sb to do sth 使做某事对某人来说变得…… 结构拆解 it：形式宾语，不能换成其他词 形容词：作宾语补足语 for sb：逻辑主语，对某人来说 to do sth：真正的宾语 Modern technology makes it easier for us to communicate.现代科技让我们沟通变得更容易。 Good habits make it possible for us to keep healthy.好习惯让我们保持健康成为可能。 仿写训练 1.智能手机让人们在线支付变得很方便。 Smart phones make for people online. 2.新规定使我们有可能按时完成这项工作。 The new rule makes it to finish the work on time. 3.下雨让他们很难去远足。 Rain makes it for them . 句式二：They are working hard to make the world a better place for children. make sth a better place to do sth 让某地 / 某事成为更适合做某事的地方 结构拆解 make + 宾语（地点 / 事物） a better place 一个更好的地方 to do sth 不定式作后置定语，修饰 place 例句：Let’s make the world a better place to live in.让我们把世界变得更宜居。 Protecting environment makes school a better place to study.保护环境让学校成为更适合学习的地方。 【即时训练】 1.People try to make the community a better place ________ (relax). 2.Protecting nature makes the earth a better place ________ (stay). 基础巩固 1、 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词 1. Many volunteers spread (传单) in the street at weekends. 2. We protect nature for the ________ (益处)of future generations. 3. We all love peace (和平) and we hope there will be no w________ in the world. 4. Tom jumped farther than all the others, so he was the c____________. 5. Bad news always (传播)faster than good news. 6. American political leader Martin Luther King was dedicated to fighting for civil r________ for blacks in the 1950s and 1960s. 7. Doctors work hard to protect people from the Ebola (埃博拉) v_________ by developing new medicines. 8. In a_________ to playing basketball, he also likes swimming. 9. Tom feels sad these days,because he has made little (进步) in English. 10. To prevent the s________ of the flu, doctors suggest wearing masks in crowded places and washing hands often. 2、 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. [2025 上海普陀区二模] He went ______ (direct) into his room after work, without saying anything. 2. [2025 江苏淮安期末] Vitamin A is usually used by eye doctors to treat people with night ______ (blind). 3. The Chinese traditional poems __________ (sing) to spread by popular singers. 4. [2025 江苏无锡调研] Two more methods __________ (suggest) to work out the problem, but neither of them was practical. 5. The People’s Republic of China was ______ (found) on the first of October, 1949. 6. Save the Children was founded in 1919 and (aim) to help build a better future for all children. 7. [2025 江苏苏州期中] Look at these sports players. They are all Olympic ______ (champion). 8. One of the most ______ (influence) Broadway musicals worldwide is called Cats. 9. [2025 江苏连云港调研] Nelson Mandela was a fighter for the ______ (right) of many Africans. 10. The mountain is too high. I have difficulty ______ (climb) it in such a short time alone. 3、 单项选择 ( ) 1. [2024 江苏淮安期末] —The trees in the photo look so wonderful. Where ______ the photo ______? —In my hometown. It is a place with natural beauty. A. did; take B. was; taken C. does; take D. are; taken ( ) 2. [2024 江苏盐城期末] The students ______ how to do the experiment in class yesterday. A. were taught B. taught C. was taught D. teach ( )3. With the development of China, Chinese ______ by more and more people in the world. A. speaks B. is spoken C. speak D. is speaking ( )4. These kinds of pens ______. They ______ quickly in all the shops. A. are written well; are sold out B. write well; are sold out C. are written well; sell out D. write well; sell out ( )5. —Did you go to Jack’s birthday party? —No, I ______. A. am not invited B. wasn’t invited C. haven’t invited D. didn’t invite ( )6. The doctor warned us that a new ______ is causing many people to get sick. We should wash hands often. A. bacteria B. virus C. fever D. cough ( )7.—Jack won the contest last week. —Yes. ______, he won another contest on Monday this week. A. Except for B. That is C. As well D. In addition ( )8.—What did you do last weekend? —We went to the food bank to ______ food to the homeless people. A. hand out B. come out C. work out D. find out ( )9.DeepSeek can offer students exercises according to their learning ____to help them remember English words. A. safety B. service C. progress D. environment ( )10. —There will be a special lecture about environmental protection tomorrow. — I’ll make sure to attend so I don’t ______ this valuable learning experience. A. miss out on B. take part in C. hear about D. worry about ( )11.—My cousin wants to become a writer who can inspire young people. — That’s a wonderful goal. Writers can be very ______ in shaping young minds. A. influential B. popular C. successful D. creative ( )12.The medical team from Shanghai is trying its best to improve the health ______ of local people. A. education B. instruction C. condition D. introduction ( )13.—Miss Green, how can I get better grades in the important exam? — ______ hard study, you should check the paper carefully before handing it in. A. Towards B. Against C. Besides D. During 4、 根据所给中文意思，用英语完成下列各句 1.[2025 江苏徐州调研] 请确保在你旅行前一切准备就绪。 Please __________________ everything is ready before you go on a trip. 2.只要你努力学习，你就能取得进步。 You can __________________ as long as you study hard. 3.因特网为我们提供了很多可供查找的信息。 The internet _________________________ with a lot of information to look up. 4.她因为睡过头错过了面试机会。 She __________________ the job interview because she overslept. 能力提升 五、完形填空 （2023・河南中考改编）It was a rainy, windy October afternoon. Garth stood outside his house with a wide smile. This was 1 weather for testing his new invention—Umbrella Hat. He could hardly wait to see whether it could keep the rain off. He carefully 2 the hat on his head and started walking 3 along the street. It worked! Suddenly, three boys in his neighbourhood appeared and 4 him. Todd, the biggest one, pulled his Umbrella Hat off his head. “What’s this?” he asked. “It’s an Umbrella Hat. You can wear it on rainy days and …” Garth said. The boys 5 . “Will anyone wear that stupid thing?” Todd threw the hat onto the ground and they ran off. Garth picked up his Umbrella Hat from the ground in tears. “Maybe Todd was 6 . In fact, who would ever need this invention?” He lowered his head and thought to himself. Suddenly, he 7 and saw a lady looking at him. “I was just leaving my house 8 I saw you and those boys. Are you okay?” Then she saw the 9 Umbrella Hat and asked, “Er … what’s that?” “It’s my Umbrella Hat. I thought of it and made it myself …” answered Garth. “What a creative 10 you have! Don’t ever let stupid boys put you down! Keep inventing and one day you will 11 something really great!” said the lady. “And you have given me a wonderful 12 ,” she continued. “I have a gadget (小器具) shop—Gadgets4U—and I’d like to hold a 13 to find the best young gadget inventor in our town. I will display (展示) the three best inventions in my shop. I’m sure you will have a (n) 14 of winning a prize.” Garth was very 15 . Gadgets4U was one of his favourite places and the thought of having his invention displayed in that wonderful place was too exciting for words. He suddenly felt much better and could already feel lots of new ideas coming out, waiting to spring into life! 1. A. cold B. perfect C. strange D. changeable 2. A. raised B. placed C. dropped D. repaired 3. A. heavily B. madly C. thankfully D. purposefully 4. A. guided B. praised C. stopped D. refused 5. A. replied B. laughed C. wondered D. greeted 6. A. right B. angry C. polite D. silly 7. A. came up B. gave up C. looked up D. showed up 8. A. when B. until C. if D. after 9. A. ugly B. old C. broken D. tiny 10. A. mind B. habit C. game D. tool 11. A. show B. meet C. plan D. create 12. A. skill B. gift C. idea D. job 13. A. party B. meeting C. conversation D. competition 14. A. choice B. chance C. excuse D. experience 15. A. surprised B. bored C. relaxed D. worried 六、阅读理解 “I’m worried that one day, we won’t have any food,” a boy said in a video. This boy is in poverty (贫穷), but he lives in London, the UK, and there are 700, 000 children in the city just like him, said The Childhood Trust, a London child poverty charity. More than 1 in 5 children live in poverty in some of the world’s richest countries, said a United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) report in December. Why is this? Over the last few years, diseases and wars have led to food and energy prices rising very fast in Europe. For parents with low incomes (收入), they need to spend more money on these things. Some of them can’t even buy enough food. Children in poverty start with not having a warm place to live. They often have to move from place to place with their parents. Also, some children are more likely to face poverty than others. According to The Big Issue magazine, about 47 per cent of children in Asian families and 53 per cent of children in African families are in poverty. But for children in white families in the UK, the number is just 25 per cent. Besides, according to the UNICEF report, poor children may have shorter lives. Their lives may be eight to nine years shorter than those of children born in rich areas. Researchers also studied children’s lives from 2014 to 2021 in 40 countries and regions. They found that there were still over 69,000,000 children living in poor families by the end of 2021. Surprisingly, the number of poor children in five of the richest countries in the world—the UK, France, Iceland, Norway and Switzerland—grew the most. 1. What does the video show? A.The UK has become a poor country now. B.The rich children want to leave London. C.The poor children live happily in the UK. D.There are many poor children in the UK. 2. Which of the following are the reasons for the increasing number of poor children? ① lower incomes of each family② problems in food safety ③ rising food and energy prices④ conflicts (冲突) in their motherland⑤ high housing prices A. ①③④B. ①④⑤C. ②③④D. ②③⑤ 3. What did the researchers of UNICEF find? A. The richer the country is, the richer the children are. B. The year 2021 saw the highest number of poor children. C. There were 69,000,000 poor families in the UK in 2021. D. The number of poor children is becoming larger in some rich countries. 4. 新考法 篇章结构 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?（① = Paragraph 1, ② = Paragraph 2 ...） 5. Which of the following can be the best title? A. Children in Poor Countries B. Children in Poverty C. Children’s Lives in the UK D. Rich Families Around the World 七、语法填空 [2025 江苏宿迁质检] How can I become a better person? This question 1. ______ (be) in my head for many years. As students, we always spend most of our time 2. ______ (learn) many things at school. I know it can make us become better people, but I always dream of doing more. Last year, I got to know a group of autistic (患自闭症的) children. We called them “the Snails”. It was hard to communicate with them at first, 3. ______ they wouldn’t like to. After two-week training, I became more skilled and got 4. ______ (close) to them day by day. I also received much 5. ______ (please) when playing with them. What’s more, I found that every one of the “the Snails” had his or her own talent. And their colourful pictures on the wall 6. ______ (catch) my special attention, although it was difficult to tell what they were trying to express. 7.______ (deep) moved by their pictures, I decided to hold 8. ______ charity sale. We walked on the busy street, selling their creative pictures. Sixty pictures 9. ______ (sell) that day. People thought their pictures were full of imagination. Back to the question 10. ______ how to become a better person, I think I’m lucky enough to get my own answer. 八、首字母填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 [2025 江苏盐城三模] When Betty became the president of the volunteer club in her school, she thought her 1. c______ should do something to help the old people in the nursing home nearby. This nursing home was in 2. n______ of financial help according to a local newspaper, so Betty decided to hold an event where all the money they raised would go toward the old. They came up with the idea of 3. r______ a market at school on Saturday. The event 4. l______ from 9:00 a. m. until 5: 00 p. m. Since it was 5. m______, everyone in the club worked to make the event a success. In the weeks before the event, the club members put up posters to encourage their fellow students and teachers to 6. d______ anything they did not want, such as old clothes, unused electrical appliances, and second-hand furniture. To 7. a______ variety (多样性) to the market, they sold lemonade and hot dogs. In getting the 8. n______ of the event out, they made as much use of social media as possible to reduce costs. 9. S______ one person’s rubbish is another person’s gold, the market attracted a lot of buyers. Most 10. i______, it helped Betty and her club members raise lots of money for the old. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版英语 Unit 7 Charities 课时3 Grammar-Further study 语言知识点梳理 知识精讲 Grammar 语言知识点 知识点 1 A young boy was blinded in a car accident in January this year. 【词汇讲解】 blind v.使失明；使看不清楚 adj.瞎的；失明的 be blind 失明（状态） go blind 变瞎（动作） 例句：She went blind at 5. 她 5 岁时失明。 He has been blind since birth. 他天生失明。 常用搭配： be blind to sth. 对......视而不见 He is blind to his own mistakes. 他对自己的错误视而不见。 ▲the blind（盲人，复数概念，谓语用复数） The blind need our help. 盲人需要我们的帮助。 知识点 2 In addition to helping patients directly,Orbis does many other things. 【词汇讲解】 (1) addition n. 增加；添加；新增物 in addition副词短语：此外，另外 = besides /what’s more in addition to sth 介词短语：除…… 之外（还有） (后面跟名词 / 代词 /doing) 【词汇拓展】 add v. 增加；添加 add...to... 把......加到......里 additional adj. 额外的；附加的 例句：In addition, we need more time.此外，我们还需要更多时间。 In addition to English, he studies French.除了英语之外，他还学法语。 You can add some salt to the soup.你可以往汤里加点盐。 (2) directly adv.直接地 常用搭配：go directly to… 径直去…… speak directly 直说 【词汇拓展】 direct adj. 直接的 / v. 指导；指向 a direct flight 直达飞机 direction n. 方向；方位 the direction of …… 的方向 in all directions 四面八方 director n. 导演；主管 a famous director 一个著名导演 【即时训练】 1. You should answer the teacher’s question _directly_ (direct). 2. Which _direction_ (direct) is the supermarket? 3. In _addition_ (add), we should exercise every day. 4. In addition to _reading__ (read), he likes writing. 知识点3 Leaflets are handed out to people in the street by volunteers. (1) leaflet n.传单；小册子；宣传单页 复数：leaflets 常用搭配：hand out leaflets 散发传单 receive a leaflet 收到传单 例句：Volunteers are handing out leaflets in the street.志愿者正在街上发传单。 (2) hand out 分发；散发= give out hand out + 名词 ：hand out leaflets /books/papers 分发传单 / 书本 / 试卷 hand them out ✅（代词必须放中间） 【短语积累】 hand in 上交（试卷、作业） hand on 依次传递；转交 by hand 手工；亲手 hand over 交出；移交 hand in hand 手拉手；密切相连 shake hands with sb. 与某人握手 lend/give sb. a hand 帮某人忙，搭把手 on the one hand…on the other hand…一方面…… 另一方面……（作文万能衔接句） 知识点 4 It was founded in 1919 and aims to help build a better future for all children. 【词汇讲解】 aim v. 瞄准；旨在；力求 / n. 目标，目的 常用搭配：aim to do sth. 打算 / 力求做某事 例：We aim to finish the work on time.我们力求按时完成工作。 aim at doing sth. 旨在做某事；瞄准做某事= aim to do sth. the aim of … …… 的目的 with the aim of 以…… 为目的 例：The aim of the activity is to help poor kids.这次活动的目的是帮助贫困孩子。 【词汇拓展】 aimed adj. 目的明确的；被瞄准的 aimless adj. 漫无目的的（反义词） 【即时训练】 1. They aim __to plant__ (plant)more trees to protect the environment. 2. The project aims at __helping (help) young people. 3. They hold the sports meeting with the aim (aim) of making students stronger. 知识点 5 For example,the World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF)works hard to protect the natural world for the benefit of people and wildlife. 【词汇讲解】 benefit v. 有益于；受益 / n. 益处，好处 常用搭配： be of benefit to sb.= be good for sb. 对某人有好处 for the benefit of… 为了…… 的利益；为帮助…… benefit from sth.从…… 中受益 【词汇拓展】 beneficial /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl/ adj. 有益的 be beneficial to sb./sth. = be of benefit to 对…… 有益 【即时训练】用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The activity is of great _benefit_ (益处)to teenagers. 2.Fresh air is __beneficial__ (benefit) to our health. 3.Students can benefit from ___reading__ (read) English every morning. 知识点 6 It also makes great efforts to make sure families are provided with clean water and hungry children are fed. 【词汇讲解】 (1) make efforts to do sth.努力做某事；尽力做某事 make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事（单数） 同义替换：try to do sth. /do one’s best to do sth. 例句：We should make efforts to protect the environment.我们应该努力保护环境。 (2) provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物 例句：The school provides us with free books.= The school provides free books for us.学校为我们提供免费书本。 【即时训练】 1.We should make efforts ___C___ our English well. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned 2.The hotel provides guests ___B___ hot water all day. A. for B. with C. to D. of 3.They provide food _B__ the poor children. A. with B. for C. at D. on 词形 / 句型转换 1. People make great efforts __to save___ (save) the animals. 2. The factory provides workers with lunch.（同义句转换） The factory __provides_ lunch __for_ workers. Integration 语言知识点 知识点 7 Now UNICEF is a powerful champion of children’s rights around the world. 【词汇讲解】 (1) Champion n.冠军；优胜者；拥护者 常用搭配：the champion of …… 的冠军 / ......的捍卫者 world champion 世界冠军 win a champion 夺得冠军 例句：He is the swimming champion. 他是游泳冠军。 【词汇拓展】 championship n. 锦标赛；冠军头衔 school championship 校园锦标赛 (2) right n.权利；右边 adj.正确的；右边的 adv.正好；恰好；立刻 常用搭配： the right answer 正确答案 on the right 在右边 turn right 向右转 human rights 人权 have the right to do sth. 有权利做某事 right now 现在，立刻 right here 就在这儿 例句：You have the right to express your own ideas.你有权利表达自己的想法。 Please come here right away. We are waiting for you.请立刻到这来。我们在等你。 知识点 8 It provides clean water and food,education and healthcare to children. 【词汇讲解】 healthcare n.医疗保健；医疗卫生；医疗服务 常用搭配：healthcare service 医疗服务 healthcare workers 医护人员 public healthcare 公共医疗 知识点 9 Besides,it works closely with governments to develop programmes to help and protect children. 【词汇讲解】 besides prep. 除…… 之外（还有）包含后面这个人 / 物，累加关系 adv. 此外，而且 例句：Besides English, we learn math and physics.除了英语（还学），我们还学数学和物理。 It’s too late. Besides, it’s raining.太晚了，而且还在下雨。 易混词 含义 区别 例句 besides 除… 之外还有 包含 Besides Tom, all went. 除了 Tom 也去了，其他人也都去了。 except 除… 之外没有 排除，同类 Except Tom, all went. 除了 Tom 没去，其他人都去了。 except for 除… 之外 整体中细节瑕疵，不同类 Your new house is perfect except for a small window.你的房子很好，除了窗户有点小。 ▲beside prep.在…… 旁边（位置） He sits beside me.他坐在我旁边。 【即时训练】 1.Everyone went to the cinema _B__ Mike. He had to look after his grandma. A. besides B. except C. except for D. beside 2. _C__ English, we also learn physics and chemistry. A. Except B. Except for C. Besides D. Without 3.The composition is good __C_ a few spelling mistakes. A. besides B. except C. except for D. beside 知识点 10 Through its great efforts,UNICEF is making great progress to create a better world for children. 【词汇讲解】 (1) through adv. 穿过(内部)；通过；从头到尾（时间）；凭借（方式） walk through the forest 穿过森林 live through the winter 熬过冬天 through hard work 通过努力 【through短语】 go through 经历；浏览；仔细检查 get through 通过（考试）；接通电话 look through 浏览；快速查看 (2) progress n. 进步；进展（不可数名词） v. 进步；进展 常用搭配：make progress 取得进步 make great progress 取得巨大进步 make little progress 几乎没有取得进步 make progress in… 在…… 方面取得进步 例：He has made great progress in English.他在英语上取得了很大进步。 知识点 11 During the fast spread of a virus,UNICEF works with the WHO to protect children. 【词汇讲解】 (1) spread v. 传播；蔓延；散开；铺开n. 传播；蔓延 ▲过去式：spread 过去分词：spread 现在分词：spreading 常用搭配：spread news 散布消息 spread virus / illness / disease 传播病毒 / 疾病 prevent the spread of… 阻止…… 的传播 (2) virus n. 病毒 复数：viruses stop/keep/prevent…from spreading阻止…… 蔓延 / 传播 例句：We must stop the virus from spreading.我们必须阻止病毒传播。 【即时训练】 1. The news _spread__ (spread) across the whole country last week. 2. We should try our best to stop these __viruses__ (virus) from spreading. 3. Keep clean to prevent the disease from __spreading__ (spread). 4. Rumours (谣言) __spread__ (spread) easily online now. 知识点 12 They even have difficulty getting necessary things. 【短语积累】 have difficulty doing sth 做某事有困难 have difficulty with + 名词 “在某方面有困难” = have trouble doing sth = have problems doing sth 易错题型：have difficulty (in) doing 嵌套宾语从句 how much difficulty + 主语 + have + doing 【即时训练】 1.Could you tell me how much difficulty she has ___C___ with her classmates? A. communicate B. to communicate C. communicating D. communicated 2.Do you know how much difficulty we had ___B___ to the top of the mountain? A. climb B. climbing C. to climb D. climbed 3.He has difficulty __falling__ (fall) asleep at night. 4.She has difficulty _with_ pronunciation. 5.I wonder how much difficulty they had _solving_ (solve)the problem in such a short time. 知识点 13 Children in poor areas may also miss out on jobs when they grow up because they have little chance to use modern technology. 【短语积累】 miss out (on) 错失（机会） miss out on the chance 错失机会 miss out on the activity 错过活动 【辨析】miss sth VS miss out on sth 区别 miss sth：错过（车、会议、人） miss out on sth：错失（机会、福利、乐趣、成长机会） 中考写作常考 例句：If you don’t join us, you’ll miss out.如果你不加入，你会错失良机。 He missed out on getting into the good high school.他错失了进入优质高中的机会。 【即时训练】 1.Don’t miss out __B____ the chance to study abroad. A. to B. on C. in D. at 2.If you stay at home, you will ___B___ on all the fun. A. miss B. miss out C. lose D. give up 3.Many kids miss out on___taking___ (take) part in after-school activities. 知识点 14 It’s one of the oldest and most influential charities in China. 【词汇讲解】 influential adj.有影响力的;有权势的 常用搭配：an influential person 一位有影响力的人 an influential writer 有影响力的作家 be influential in… 在…… 方面有影响力 【词汇拓展】 influence v. 影响 /n. 影响 influence sb / sth影响某人 / 某事 have an influence on sb/sth对…… 有影响 【即时训练】 1.He is one of the most influential__ (influence) teachers in our city. 2.Teachers’ _influence_ (influence) can change students’ life. 3.What we do will have a great influence __B____ others. A. to B. on C. in D. at 知识点 15 He said that it was important for children to receive education. 【短语积累】 receive education 接受教育 【辨析】receive和accept区别： receive 客观上收到、接受（教育、信件、礼物） accept 主观上乐意接受、认可（道歉、邀请） 知识点 16 Three weeks later,Alina entered a local school. 【词汇讲解】 enter v.进入(空间、场所）；加入；参加（比赛 / 学校） enter + 地点= go into /come into + 地点 enter a school 入学、考入某校 enter a competition 参加比赛 enter for the exam 报名参加考试 【词汇拓展】 entrance n. 入口；大门口 the entrance to… …… 的入口 知识点 17 She enjoys school and is grateful to UNICEF for helping her. 【词汇讲解】 grateful adj.感激的,感恩的 同义词：thankful 常用搭配：be grateful to sb对某人心存感激 be grateful for sth因某事 / 某物而感激 be grateful to sb for sth因某事感激某人 （最高频） 例句：We are grateful to him for his kindness.我们因他的善良而感激他。 【词汇拓展】 gratitude n. 感激、谢意 show gratitude to sb 向某人表达谢意 句式分析 句式一：These make it difficult for those children to live in a safe environment and get what they need. ▲make it+adj.+for sb to do sth 使做某事对某人来说变得…… 结构拆解 it：形式宾语，不能换成其他词 形容词：作宾语补足语 for sb：逻辑主语，对某人来说 to do sth：真正的宾语 Modern technology makes it easier for us to communicate.现代科技让我们沟通变得更容易。 Good habits make it possible for us to keep healthy.好习惯让我们保持健康成为可能。 仿写训练 1.智能手机让人们在线支付变得很方便。 Smart phones make it easy for people to pay online. 2.新规定使我们有可能按时完成这项工作。 The new rule makes it possible for us to finish the work on time. 3.下雨让他们很难去远足。 Rain makes it hard for them to go hiking . 句式二：They are working hard to make the world a better place for children. make sth a better place to do sth 让某地 / 某事成为更适合做某事的地方 结构拆解 make + 宾语（地点 / 事物） a better place 一个更好的地方 to do sth 不定式作后置定语，修饰 place 例句：Let’s make the world a better place to live in.让我们把世界变得更宜居。 Protecting environment makes school a better place to study.保护环境让学校成为更适合学习的地方。 【即时训练】 1.People try to make the community a better place __to relax__ (relax). 2.Protecting nature makes the earth a better place _to stay__ (stay). 基础巩固 1、 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词 1. Many volunteers spread leaflets (传单) in the street at weekends. 2. We protect nature for the _benefit_ (益处)of future generations. 3. We all love peace (和平) and we hope there will be no wars__ in the world. 4. Tom jumped farther than all the others, so he was the champion____. 5. Bad news always spreads (传播)faster than good news. 6. American political leader Martin Luther King was dedicated to fighting for civil rights____ for blacks in the 1950s and 1960s. 7. Doctors work hard to protect people from the Ebola (埃博拉) virus by developing new medicines. 8. In addition_ to playing basketball, he also likes swimming. 9. Tom feels sad these days,because he has made little progress (进步) in English. 10. To prevent the spread__ of the flu, doctors suggest wearing masks in crowded places and washing hands often. 2、 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. [2025 上海普陀区二模] He went _directly_ (direct) into his room after work, without saying anything. 2. [2025 江苏淮安期末] Vitamin A is usually used by eye doctors to treat people with night _blindness_ (blind). 3. The Chinese traditional poems __were sung__ (sing) to spread by popular singers. 4. [2025 江苏无锡调研] Two more methods __were suggested_ (suggest) to work out the problem, but neither of them was practical. 5. The People’s Republic of China was _founded_ (found) on the first of October, 1949. 6. Save the Children was founded in 1919 and aims (aim) to help build a better future for all children. 7. [2025 江苏苏州期中] Look at these sports players. They are all Olympic __champions__ (champion). 8. One of the most _influential_ (influence) Broadway musicals worldwide is called Cats. 9. [2025 江苏连云港调研] Nelson Mandela was a fighter for the _rights_ (right) of many Africans. 10. The mountain is too high. I have difficulty _climbing__ (climb) it in such a short time alone. 3、 单项选择 ( B ) 1. [2024 江苏淮安期末] —The trees in the photo look so wonderful. Where ______ the photo ______? —In my hometown. It is a place with natural beauty. A. did; take B. was; taken C. does; take D. are; taken ( A) 2. [2024 江苏盐城期末] The students ______ how to do the experiment in class yesterday. A. were taught B. taught C. was taught D. teach ( B )3. With the development of China, Chinese ______ by more and more people in the world. A. speaks B. is spoken C. speak D. is speaking ( B )4. These kinds of pens ______. They ______ quickly in all the shops. A. are written well; are sold out B. write well; are sold out C. are written well; sell out D. write well; sell out (B )5. —Did you go to Jack’s birthday party? —No, I ______. A. am not invited B. wasn’t invited C. haven’t invited D. didn’t invite (B)6. The doctor warned us that a new ______ is causing many people to get sick. We should wash hands often. A. bacteria B. virus C. fever D. cough ( D)7.—Jack won the contest last week. —Yes. ______, he won another contest on Monday this week. A. Except for B. That is C. As well D. In addition ( A )8.—What did you do last weekend? —We went to the food bank to ______ food to the homeless people. A. hand out B. come out C. work out D. find out ( C )9.DeepSeek can offer students exercises according to their learning ___to help them remember English words. A. safety B. service C. progress D. environment ( A)10. —There will be a special lecture about environmental protection tomorrow. — I’ll make sure to attend so I don’t ______ this valuable learning experience. A. miss out on B. take part in C. hear about D. worry about ( A )11.—My cousin wants to become a writer who can inspire young people. — That’s a wonderful goal. Writers can be very ______ in shaping young minds. A. influential B. popular C. successful D. creative ( C )12.The medical team from Shanghai is trying its best to improve the health ______ of local people. A. education B. instruction C. condition D. introduction ( C )13.—Miss Green, how can I get better grades in the important exam? — ______ hard study, you should check the paper carefully before handing it in. A. Towards B. Against C. Besides D. During 4、 根据所给中文意思，用英语完成下列各句 1.[2025 江苏徐州调研] 请确保在你旅行前一切准备就绪。 Please __make sure that___ everything is ready before you go on a trip. 2.只要你努力学习，你就能取得进步。 You can _make progress__ as long as you study hard. 3.因特网为我们提供了很多可供查找的信息。 The internet __provides us____ with a lot of information to look up. 4.她因为睡过头错过了面试机会。 She __missed out on___ the job interview because she overslept. 能力提升 五、完形填空 （2023・河南中考改编）It was a rainy, windy October afternoon. Garth stood outside his house with a wide smile. This was 1 weather for testing his new invention—Umbrella Hat. He could hardly wait to see whether it could keep the rain off. He carefully 2 the hat on his head and started walking 3 along the street. It worked! Suddenly, three boys in his neighbourhood appeared and 4 him. Todd, the biggest one, pulled his Umbrella Hat off his head. “What’s this?” he asked. “It’s an Umbrella Hat. You can wear it on rainy days and …” Garth said. The boys 5 . “Will anyone wear that stupid thing?” Todd threw the hat onto the ground and they ran off. Garth picked up his Umbrella Hat from the ground in tears. “Maybe Todd was 6 . In fact, who would ever need this invention?” He lowered his head and thought to himself. Suddenly, he 7 and saw a lady looking at him. “I was just leaving my house 8 I saw you and those boys. Are you okay?” Then she saw the 9 Umbrella Hat and asked, “Er … what’s that?” “It’s my Umbrella Hat. I thought of it and made it myself …” answered Garth. “What a creative 10 you have! Don’t ever let stupid boys put you down! Keep inventing and one day you will 11 something really great!” said the lady. “And you have given me a wonderful 12 ,” she continued. “I have a gadget (小器具) shop—Gadgets4U—and I’d like to hold a 13 to find the best young gadget inventor in our town. I will display (展示) the three best inventions in my shop. I’m sure you will have a (n) 14 of winning a prize.” Garth was very 15 . Gadgets4U was one of his favourite places and the thought of having his invention displayed in that wonderful place was too exciting for words. He suddenly felt much better and could already feel lots of new ideas coming out, waiting to spring into life! 1. A. cold B. perfect C. strange D. changeable 2. A. raised B. placed C. dropped D. repaired 3. A. heavily B. madly C. thankfully D. purposefully 4. A. guided B. praised C. stopped D. refused 5. A. replied B. laughed C. wondered D. greeted 6. A. right B. angry C. polite D. silly 7. A. came up B. gave up C. looked up D. showed up 8. A. when B. until C. if D. after 9. A. ugly B. old C. broken D. tiny 10. A. mind B. habit C. game D. tool 11. A. show B. meet C. plan D. create 12. A. skill B. gift C. idea D. job 13. A. party B. meeting C. conversation D. competition 14. A. choice B. chance C. excuse D. experience 15. A. surprised B. bored C. relaxed D. worried (1-5：BBDCB 6-10：ACACA 11-15：DCDBA) 六、阅读理解 “I’m worried that one day, we won’t have any food,” a boy said in a video. This boy is in poverty (贫穷), but he lives in London, the UK, and there are 700, 000 children in the city just like him, said The Childhood Trust, a London child poverty charity. More than 1 in 5 children live in poverty in some of the world’s richest countries, said a United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) report in December. Why is this? Over the last few years, diseases and wars have led to food and energy prices rising very fast in Europe. For parents with low incomes (收入), they need to spend more money on these things. Some of them can’t even buy enough food. Children in poverty start with not having a warm place to live. They often have to move from place to place with their parents. Also, some children are more likely to face poverty than others. According to The Big Issue magazine, about 47 per cent of children in Asian families and 53 per cent of children in African families are in poverty. But for children in white families in the UK, the number is just 25 per cent. Besides, according to the UNICEF report, poor children may have shorter lives. Their lives may be eight to nine years shorter than those of children born in rich areas. Researchers also studied children’s lives from 2014 to 2021 in 40 countries and regions. They found that there were still over 69,000,000 children living in poor families by the end of 2021. Surprisingly, the number of poor children in five of the richest countries in the world—the UK, France, Iceland, Norway and Switzerland—grew the most. 1. What does the video show? A.The UK has become a poor country now. B.The rich children want to leave London. C.The poor children live happily in the UK. D.There are many poor children in the UK. 2. Which of the following are the reasons for the increasing number of poor children? ① lower incomes of each family② problems in food safety ③ rising food and energy prices④ conflicts (冲突) in their motherland⑤ high housing prices A. ①③④ B. ①④⑤ C. ②③④ D. ②③⑤ 3. What did the researchers of UNICEF find? A. The richer the country is, the richer the children are. B. The year 2021 saw the highest number of poor children. C. There were 69,000,000 poor families in the UK in 2021. D. The number of poor children is becoming larger in some rich countries. 4. 新考法 篇章结构 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?（① = Paragraph 1, ② = Paragraph 2 ...） 5. Which of the following can be the best title? A. Children in Poor Countries B. Children in Poverty B. Children’s Lives in the UK D. Rich Families Around the World (DADCB) 七、语法填空 [2025 江苏宿迁质检] How can I become a better person? This question 1. _has been_ (be) in my head for many years. As students, we always spend most of our time 2. _learning__ (learn) many things at school. I know it can make us become better people, but I always dream of doing more. Last year, I got to know a group of autistic (患自闭症的) children. We called them “the Snails”. It was hard to communicate with them at first, 3. __because/for/since/as_ they wouldn’t like to. After two-week training, I became more skilled and got 4. _closer__ (close) to them day by day. I also received much 5. _pleasure_ (please) when playing with them. What’s more, I found that every one of the “the Snails” had his or her own talent. And their colourful pictures on the wall 6. _caught_ (catch) my special attention, although it was difficult to tell what they were trying to express. 7._Deeply_ (deep) moved by their pictures, I decided to hold 8. _a_ charity sale. We walked on the busy street, selling their creative pictures. Sixty pictures 9. _were sold_ (sell) that day. People thought their pictures were full of imagination. Back to the question 10. _of_ how to become a better person, I think I’m lucky enough to get my own answer. 八、首字母填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 [2025 江苏盐城三模] When Betty became the president of the volunteer club in her school, she thought her 1. c______ should do something to help the old people in the nursing home nearby. This nursing home was in 2. n______ of financial help according to a local newspaper, so Betty decided to hold an event where all the money they raised would go toward the old. They came up with the idea of 3. r______ a market at school on Saturday. The event 4. l______ from 9:00 a. m. until 5: 00 p. m. Since it was 5. m______, everyone in the club worked to make the event a success. In the weeks before the event, the club members put up posters to encourage their fellow students and teachers to 6. d______ anything they did not want, such as old clothes, unused electrical appliances, and second-hand furniture. To 7. a______ variety (多样性) to the market, they sold lemonade and hot dogs. In getting the 8. n______ of the event out, they made as much use of social media as possible to reduce costs. 9. S______ one person’s rubbish is another person’s gold, the market attracted a lot of buyers. Most 10. i______, it helped Betty and her club members raise lots of money for the old. 1.classmates/clubs 2.need 3.running 4.lasted 5.meaningful 6.donate 7.add 8.news 9.Since 10.importantly 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $