专题04 阅读理解（议论文）（安徽专用） 2026年高考英语二模分类汇编

专题04 阅读理解（议论文） 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 (2026·安徽淮南·二模) As an individual in the age of digital transformation, your life has likely been shaped by the pace of technological innovation over the past 20 years. This evolution is linked to the global rise of urbanization. According to the United Nations, 54 percent of the world’s population lives in urban areas, a percentage expected to reach 66 percent by 2050. This “large-cities” trend is, in part, driven by the very digital transformations that are changing economies, cultures, and communities at light speed, providing high-level connectivity, mobility, and access to information. For residents in these expanding urban centers, the digital shift brings clear benefits: major new capabilities that allow them to stay connected, conduct their affairs, and access services with once-unimaginable convenience. Yet life in a digitally high city also comes with a significant downside — a growing rate of cheating, theft, cyber attacks, and other harmful activities. As city citizens adopt diverse payment platforms such as smartphone apps and online services, the challenge of ensuring information safety and protection across urban business networks becomes more serious and widespread. In response, a growing number of city leaders are turning to smart city technologies. These systems use networks of detectors and mobile devices to provide real-time data on urban operations — from basic facilities and traffic to public services — enabling more efficient use of resources, from waste collection to police patrols (巡逻). However, this deep digital integration also introduces new complexities for businesses seeking to build smooth customer experiences and secure new income streams. This underscores why ongoing security innovation and public education are vital. Citizens need confidence that their institutions are protected by strong and trusted digital security solutions. Appropriate investment in these technologies is essential to gain the upper hand against threats, whether in cyberspace or the physical world. Therefore, as communities worldwide face the mixed challenges of urban growth, widespread connectivity, and evolving security risks, ongoing innovation remains a priority for technology leaders such as Thales. Ultimately, recognizing this need and mobilizing the resources to use technology in a safe way is a critical responsibility for government and business leaders everywhere. 1．What contributes most to the global trend of urbanization? A．Declining online engagement. B．Rural population decline. C．Rapid technological progress. D．Enhanced farming methods. 2．What does digital urban life bring according to the second paragraph? A．New conveniences and dangers. B．Overall social advancement. C．Minor urban difficulties. D．Limited security threats. 3．What is smart city technology intended to achieve? A．Replacing public service workers. B．Increasing business incomes. C．Restricting citizen movement. D．Improving data-driven management. 4．Why does the author write this text? A．To assess urban digitalization and argue for security. B．To explain smart city system operations. C．To compare life in cities and the countryside. D．To promote a tech company’s products. Passage 2 （2026·安徽淮南·二模） Amit Lennon’s Artificial Intelligence Portrayal project compares real studio portraits (肖像) with AI-generated replacements, exposing unsettling questions about reality. Using Adobe Firefly, Lennon inputs basic facial measurements and brief self-descriptions to create digital copies. The AI results, while astonishingly similar, often erase imperfections, producing idealized versions with shiny hair and spotless skin. Lennon’s goal is to stimulate reflection on how AI constructs images and what prejudices shape its outputs. The project reveals AI’s tendency to strengthen social assumptions. A man of mixed background is given a bright red beard, while female subjects are smoothed into standardized beauty standards. “It beautifies people a lot,” Lennon notes, highlighting gender discrimination toward polished perfection. Some subjects, like student Lola Choo Antopolski, think their AI versions look cold and unnatural. It’s like a mix of their own features and what the computer guessed. The tool uses common images and social media styles, which makes the results look very similar and like they have an “Instagram filter (滤镜美化).” This takes away people’s unique qualities. AI is getting better very quickly, and it’s becoming hard for us to tell what’s real and what’s artificial. Tools can make super-realistic images and videos. This is causing a big problem with trust. Lennon says it feels like we’re being tricked, because it’s hard to tell if something was made by a person or a machine. The rise of AI sets off legal battles over intellectual property. Many AI tools learn from copyrighted materials taken without permission, which raises concerns about misuse. Niek Dunmur of the Association of Photographers warns AI risks pushing out human creators. Lennon adds that companies favor AI for its cost-free, copyright-free outputs, but portraiture’s uniqueness resists easy reproduction. While AI popularizes image creation, Lennon argues it lacks the intentionality of photography: “There is no camera.” His work invites debate about technology’s role in art—whether it enhances or weakens human expression. As AI develops, society must tackle its moral limits and figure out what importance we attach to things like being imperfect, being real, and the unique little details that come from a human point of view. 1．Why did Amit Lennon start the Artificial Intelligence Portrayal project? A．To show AI’s ability in portraits. B．To compare AI and traditional portraits. C．To promote Adobe Firefly. D．To reflect on AI’s image creation. 2．What is the main concern about AI-generated images in paragraph 2? A．They lose people’s unique qualities. B．They are too similar to each other. C．They are not realistic enough. D．They are too difficult to create. 3．What leads to the legal fights over AI? A．AI uses illegal copyrighted materials. B．AI tools are too expensive to develop. C．AI is not accurate enough in its outputs. D．AI is replacing human workers too quickly. 4．What does Amit Lennon think about the role of AI in art? A．It greatly enhances human expression. B．It lacks careful planning of photography. C．It completely replaces traditional art forms.D．It makes art more accessible to everyone. Passage 3 （2025·安徽马鞍山·二模） American kids ate very odd things in the 19th century. In historical documents of all kinds, from medical studies to diaries to school records, Americans described children as curious eaters who appreciated strong flavors and interesting textures (口感). A group of children in 1830s Boston spent their pocket money on raw oysters (牡蛎). The more I researched, the clearer it became that American children’s experiences with food in the past were full of pleasure. But today, appreciation of sharp and varied flavors can be hard to find among American kids. Many adults assume that pickiness is a hard-wired stage and that kids naturally dislike many foods. But mass childhood pickiness is a modern phenomenon created largely by junk food companies that promoted products like sugary cereals (谷物) as food specifically for children, convincing Americans that kids need different, easily likable foods. This created a culture of pickiness that is harming children’s health and taking away pleasures and flavors they enjoyed in the past — all while adding unnecessary anxiety to dinner tables across the country. Food companies like General Foods and Nestlé poured money into designing products in laboratories to target humans’ natural preferences and make their foods very hard to refuse. By the mid-20th century, thousands of their sweet, salty and crunchy (脆的) foods crowded grocery shelves, and many of them were marketed to children. One 1960 Kraft advertisement featured an otherwise “picky” girl who “never turns up that button nose at mild, golden Velveeta cheese!” Nowadays, many parents worry about their kids’ processed diets, increasing weight problems, and the stress of picky eating. But it doesn’t have to be this way. Parents can warmly encourage children to eat family foods and avoid offering alternatives. They can also fight against corporate marketing with their own enthusiastic messages about the foods they love to eat. 1．How did the American children in the 19th century differ from those at present? A．They were given less pocket money. B．They enjoyed more diverse flavors. C．They showed more interest in history. D．They had fewer conflicts with parents. 2．What does the author think of childhood pickiness? A．An unnecessary risk. B．A cultural phenomenon. C．An unavoidable stage. D．A product of education. 3．What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A．Food companies achieved big success. B．People tended to buy slightly processed foods. C．Food advertisements got less creative. D．People preferred sweet foods to salty ones. 4．In what way does the author try to relieve parents’ anxiety? A．By praising their efforts. B．By giving possible explanations. C．By defending their choices. D．By offering practical suggestions. Passage 4 （2025·安徽蚌埠·二模） Playgrounds have been made significantly safer. There are soft surfaces to play on and all the dangerous play equipment like tall metal slides where children jumped on and off at high speeds have been replaced by much safer plastic swings and climbing structures. Has removing the risk also removed the fun and the challenge? In Amsterdam, the Dutch capital, local officials believe so. That’s why they want to replace boring playgrounds with spaces that allow kids to play with water, climb, sword-fight with sticks, wrestle and fall. “The inspiration is that children are hardly moving, which is a huge problem,” says Rob Hofland, one of the officials. “They are attracted to a more engaging screen, sitting still for hours. We are learning about how unhealthy it is that the Dutch — the sitting champions of Europe — are so inactive. Things need to change and it starts young.” Taking risks is children’s nature. Babies start to pull themselves up on furniture even before they can stand. Older children are introduced to a large range of activities that come with potential risk like working with tools. “Risky play is really a fundamental way for children to figure out the world,” says Mariana Brussoni, a professor at the University of British Columbia. “Engaging in risky play helps them to develop self-confidence, resilience, executive functioning abilities, as well as risk assessment.” While it is still parents’ job to keep kids safe in playgrounds, it is important to make informed choices before prohibiting risky play. That’s why parents should practice what Brussoni calls the 17-second rule. So instead of telling your child not to climb a tree so high or run so fast, take 17 seconds and observe how your child is doing and what they are able to do. “This will provide your children the opportunity to figure out for themselves what’s comfortable and what they can do,” says Brussoni, adding that the most important thing you can do is get out of the way and just let children play. 1．What are the current playgrounds like? A．They are challenging for kids. B．They are basically free of risks. C．They are full of funny elements. D．They are tailored to risk-takers’ nature. 2．Why does Rob Hofland want to bring back risk play? A．To motivate children to become more active. B．To obey the latest health guidelines in Europe. C．To train potential champions in the sports field. D．To inspire children to invent smarter devices. 3．What does Brussoni stress in paragraph 5? A．Requirements for tackling risks. B．Features of predictable risks. C．Ways to engage in risky play. D．Benefits risky play can bring. 4．What does Brussoni advise parents to do? A．Stop observing their adventurous kids. B．Act as a role model for less brave kids. C．Allow their kids to explore their potential. D．Prevent their kids from doing risky sports. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2025·安徽合肥·模拟） In today’s competitive society, it seems everyone is talking about self-care. Michela Luciani, an assistant professor of nursing at the University of Milano-Bicocca in Italy, defines self-care as trying to stay healthy and prevent diseases. However, the term has been used over time by companies and influencers to sell products that encourage people to focus on themselves, adding to greater loneliness in society. Examples of this trend are all over social media, where brands promote a range of self-care products, from skincare products to hair-growth solutions. Taking advantage of the growing interest in mental health, influencers have produced an increasing number of sponsored videos on platforms like YouTube, showing their daily self-care habits. By 2022, a $5.6 trillion (about 40.47 trillion yuan) global wellness market had appeared “under the guise of helping consumers buy their way to peace”, commented Allie Volpe, a senior reporter at Vox. Consumerism might offer short moments of joy, but it fails to address the deeper problems behind a lack of well-being. Instead, it creates a pattern where consumers turn to self-care products, only to be trapped by unhealthy social comparisons and too much self-focus. This selfishness pulls them away from others, leading to loneliness rather than connection, according to psychologist Maytal Eyal. But why are people drawn to consumerist self-care? Eyal points to individualism as the key. She sees that in today’s society, asking for help is often seen as embarrassing, while independence is praised as the highest goal. When people are told they are totally responsible for their own well-being, they feel forced to deal with it alone. The drive for perfection also encourages the want to buy more self-care products. Social media especially encourages us to stay calm and positive, selling both impossible images and expensive “solutions”. While consumerist self-care focuses on the individual, true self-care means connection with others. As Eyal puts it, if we can find a balance between caring for ourselves and caring for others, real self-care could be our lifeline. 1．According to Michela Luciani, what is the primary goal of self-care? A．To boost happiness through product consumption. B．To maintain health and prevent illnesses. C．To showcase personal lifestyles on social media. D．To foster social interactions and reduce loneliness. 2．What does Allie Volpe criticize about the global wellness market? A．It prioritizes expensive skincare products over mental health. B．It discourages people from seeking professional help. C．It promotes unrealistic social comparisons. D．It disguises consumerism as a path to inner peace. 3．Why does psychologist Maytal Eyal believe people are attracted to consumerist self-care? A．Social media algorithms pressure users to conform. B．Societal emphasis on individualism places responsibility on individuals. C．Mental health awareness campaigns highlight its benefits. D．Self-care products guarantee long-term emotional stability. 4．How does the text suggest achieving" true self-care"? A．By purchasing high-quality wellness products. B．By striving for perfection in personal habits. C．By balancing self-care with care for others. D．By avoiding social comparisons entirely. Passage 2 （2024·安徽池州·模拟） How do we come to make sense of our daily lives? How can we gain a strong grasp of who we really are and how we fit in the world? And how can we naturally connect to important ones in our lives? “Life stories are one of the prime tools we have for understanding ourselves and the world around us.” says Robyn Fivush, a professor at Emory University. Humans are natural storytellers. We use stories to understand our present, draw insights from our past, and anticipate the future. Thus, storytelling is basic to our lives. As a form of rich engagement between family members, family storytelling should be valued more. Sharing bedtime stories and talks after school, or walking through an event that left a young child crying—these are all opportunities for parents and children to become closer through warmth, understanding and support. Fivush and her colleagues have underscored the value of storytelling in parenting. The ways parents support children’s emotions and help them retell more vivid, richly detailed stories have lasting impacts on children’s cognitive(认知的)and emotional development. Children and teenagers learn how to talk about their lives from family stories. An early example is learning how to present a detailed story with a beginning, a middle, and an end—to give it a clear structure. Further, they learn what is appropriate to talk about or avoid and what feelings are appropriate to share over dinner or out with others. When growing up, we use our life stories to build complex and stable views of ourselves. Through stories about the traditions maintained over the years, we make connections between past successes and failures, our relationships, and the activities that hold meaning to us to develop our new identities. These identities reflect our roles as family members, community members, co-workers and so on, thus helping us have a more complete view of ourselves. Having a lasting impact on ourselves and those around us, life stories are filled with meaning, insight, and value. By the way, what’s the story that stands out to you from a recent meal or chat? 1．Why does the writer ask three questions in the beginning? A．To explain a general idea. B．To give background information. C．To introduce an argument. D．To report the finding of a study. 2．What does the underlined word “underscored” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Cast doubt on. B．Attached importance to. C．Shown concern for. D．Thought poorly of. 3．How can life stories help form a complete view of ourselves according to the writer? A．By maintaining social ties. B．By rebuilding our identities. C．By connecting our past and future. D．By learning from family members. 4．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A review on a storybook. B．An advice letter for social life. C．A guidebook to parenting. D．An essay on the value of storytelling. Passage 3 （2023·安徽蚌埠·二模） How far would you go to make a good impression at a new job? A college student in Alabama walked 32 kilometers in the dark to get to his new job. The story begins with Walter Carr's car breaking down the night before starting a new job. Carr was unable to find a ride. So, he figured out how long it would take to walk from his house to the job in Pelham-32 kilometers away. He left at midnight so that he could make it to the customer's house by 8：00 am the next morning. Pelham police saw him walking along a highway at 4-00 am. So, they stopped to see if he needed help. After hearing his story, they took him to a restaurant for breakfast and then to a church where he could safely wait until 8：00 am. The police then took Carr to the home of customer Jenny Lamey. Lamey said that even though Carr had just walked the entire night, he refused her offer to rest. He just wanted to start working. While he worked, he talked with the customer, telling her how much he liked her kitchen. Jenny Lamey later wrote this on Facebook："I just can't tell you how touched I was by Walter and his journey. He is kind and cheerful and he has big dreams! He is hardworking and tough. " She then started a GoFundMe page to help Walter with money to get his car fixed. When the CEO of Bellhops, Luke Marklin, learned of Carr's story, he drove from Tennessee to Alabama to give Walter his own 2014 Ford Escape. Walter Carr's story touched many others around the United States. Within a few days, people gave over $ 73 ,000 to his GoFundMe page. Carr has decided to give a part of the donations to the Birmingham Education Foundation. And he has received more offers for jobs and scholarships for schools. 1．Why did Walter Carr decide to go to work on foot? A．He wanted to challenge himself. B．His car was damaged beyond repair. C．He was unable to borrow a car. D．He wished to be punctual for the job. 2．What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A．He broke traffic regulations. B．He was blamed by his customer. C．He was committed to his job. D．He started to work after a short break. 3．What kind of person does Lamey think Carr is? A．Cautious. B．Ambitious. C．Generous. D．Sensitive. 4．What message does the text really convey? A．One has to suffer in order to get a good job. B．A good impression is sure to bring one good money. C．The efforts to leave a good impression are to pay off. D．One has to give up something in return for donations. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 (25-26高三上·安徽合肥第七中学·) Environmental campaigners are calling for higher parking charges for large cars such as SUVs in British cities, similar to the new rules introduced in Paris. They argue that these heavy vehicles take up too much space, produce more pollution, and make streets less safe for people walking or cycling. According to a report by the group Clean Cities, proportion of large cars in England’s cities is now 10 times higher than 20 years ago. In London alone, the space they occupy equals the size of an entire borough (行政区) . The group wants cities to introduce Paris-style parking charges for big cars as a way to put off drivers and free up space. Last year, the French capital tripled parking costs for SUVs, from €6 (£5. 20) to €18 (£15. 60) an hour in the city center, which local reports say has already reduced the number of large cars on Paris streets. Oliver Lord, UK Head of Clean Cities, called it “only fair that those vehicles that do more damage pay a fair share of the cost that society has to pick up”. “Drivers are struggling to park because of ‘car spreading’, while people walking and cycling are more at risk,” he said. “Research shows that people are 30% more likely to die when hit by cars with very high fronts. If we want cities that are safer for children and allow us all to move around easier, we need to take action.” However, not everyone agrees. Ian Taylor, from the Alliance of British Drivers, said it was “perfectly equitable” for people to choose bigger cars, especially those used for work or family needs. He argued it was unfair to make life more difficult or costly for such drivers. The London government said it will soon renew its “Vision Zero Action Plan” to reduce road dangers. Campaigners believe fair parking policies are key to creating safer, cleaner, and more efficient cities for everyone. 1．What is the main concern of campaigners? A．Car-sharing services increase traffic jams. B．Drivers of SUVs often break parking rules. C．SUVs worsen air quality and crowd city streets. D．People walk less because of high parking fees. 2．What does Oliver Lord mainly suggest? A．Drivers should buy smaller cars. B．Parking spaces should be smaller. C．Large cars should pay higher costs. D．More should be invested in public transportation. 3．What effect did Paris’s new parking rule have? A．It made city parking cheaper. B．Fewer SUVs appeared on roads. C．It caused protests among drivers. D．More people started using buses. 4．What does the underlined word “equitable” in Paragraph 4 most likely mean? A．Reasonable and fair. B．Expensive and costly. C．Abnormal and unexpected. D．Temporary and short-term. 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （2025·安徽合肥集团校·模拟） With all the wars, fighting and sadness in the world today, it’s not only necessary, but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us get through each and every day of our lives. Putting a smile on someone’s face when you know they are feeling down in the dumps (处于沮丧中), as the saying goes, makes me feel good and warms my heart. How would you feel if you could not joke around with your wife, husband, child, co-worker, neighbor, close friend, or even just someone that you are standing in line with at your corner store? I am always saying things that make others smile or laugh, even if I don’t know the person I’m joking around with. My grandma always found humor in everything she did, even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine. This not only relieves stress in any situation, but also is common courtesy (礼貌) to speak to others that are around you. I know of a few people that don’t have a funny bone in their bodies, as they say. Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face. They don’t get the joke that makes others laugh. I am busting a gut while they just sit there, looking at me as if I were from outer space. How can people not get a really funny joke? Laughing is essential to keep your stress levels under control. Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems, or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy. There is too much sadness in this present world. It drives people crazy. We all need to find a way to bypass the sadness and bring a little light into our lives. So, I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together. 1．In which aspect is humor useful according to the author? A．It makes people more confident. B．It can pick up people’s spirits. C．It can help rid the cruelty in the world. D．It can help people get on well with others. 2．What does the phrase “busting a gut” in the third paragraph mean? A．Explaining carefully. B．Speaking loud. C．Keeping silent. D．Laughing hard. 3．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To talk about his own understanding of humor. B．To encourage people to be humorous in daily life. C．To introduce a practical way to get through daily life. D．To convince people of the power of being optimistic about life. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the present world? A．Neutral. B．Satisfied. C．Critical. D．Indifferent Passage 2 （2025·安徽合肥一中·模拟） At a summit in Paris on February 10th and 11th, 2025, tech bosses vied to issue the most grandiose claim about artificial intelligence, predicting that AI would lead to the largest change to the global labour market in human history. In a blog post, Sam Altman of OpenAI wrote that “In a decade perhaps everyone on earth will be capable of accomplishing more than the most impactful person can today.” Jensen Huang, chief executive of Nvidia, a chip designer, envisioned a future in which workers “are all going to be CEOs of AI agents.” More recent findings have cast doubt on this vision, however. They instead suggest a future in which high-flyers fly still higher and the rest are left behind. In complex tasks such as research and management, new evidence indicates that high performers are best positioned to work with AI. Evaluating the output of models requires expertise and good judgement. Rather than narrowing disparities, AI is likely to widen workforce divides, much like past technological revolutions. The case for AI as an equaliser (平衡器) was supported by research showing that the tech enhances output most for less experienced workers. Generative-AI tools may boost productivity by about 30% for novice workers in some low-tech or knowledge-intense tasks. Experienced workers, by contrast, saw little benefit, as the AI reinforced approaches they were already using, suggesting the tech could narrow gaps by transferring best practices from talented to less talented employees. The problem is that this is swamped by another effect. A job can be considered as a bundle of tasks, which tech may either commoditise or assist with. In the scientific and academic institutes, armed with AI tool, top researchers nearly double the productivity while less effective researchers, by contrast, struggled to filter useful outputs from irrelevant ones. Low-skilled workers’ repetitive tasks are susceptible to automation, which may greatly reduce human involvement. Labour markets have always been defined by the destruction of old roles and the creation of new ones. But who will take AI’s new jobs when they emerge? History suggests that technological upheavals favour the skilled. As the technology grows more sophisticated, semi-autonomous agents capable of acting independently may transform workplaces. But there will be no levelling-out: the most talented will still make the best CEOs. 1．What viewpoint below may Sam Altman and Jensen Huang support? A．Tech bosses will make more money from the labour market. B．AI will replace all the positions of workers. C．All the workers with AI technology can become bosses and capable. D．All workers will be appointed CEOs by the government. 2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “disparities” in paragraph 2? A．Judgement. B．Difference. C．Position. D．Management. 3．Many people predict that AI may widen the gap because ______. A．Top performers may accelerate their productivity. B．AI will replace some repetitive work of humans. C．People may spend more time selecting useful outputs. D．Automation may greatly reduce human involvement. 4．What’s the suitable title for the passage? A．To be a CEO is not a dream in the future. B．AI will be an equaliser in labour market. C．Everyone can be powerful with AI in the future. D．AI will widen social divides instead of an equaliser. Passage 3 （2025·安徽A10联盟·二模） Whether or not robots can feel is a question. But what’s becoming increasingly clear, says Associate Professor Szu-chi Huang in Stanford University, is that robots do have the capacity to make humans feel. In the latest episode of If/Then: Business, Leadership, Society, Huang digs into the effect that robots can have, not just on our emotions, but on our behavior. Huang’s research shows that when people witness others being helpful towards others, they’re motivated to do the same. This is what she calls “pro-social” behavior. But she wondered: what happens when a robot is the one lending a helping hand? Are people inspired to follow the example of a machine? To find out, Huang designed a study where participants were shown various news reports about natural disasters and the measures being taken in response. In some stories, the “heroes” were humans; in others, they were robots. “In both cases, we explained in detail what those heroes were doing,” says Huang. Whether dragging survivors out of ruins after an earthquake or disinfecting (消毒) hospitals during a surging COVID-19 pandemic, “The actions are exactly the same, but the heroes are different.” Following test subjects’ exposure to these stories, Huang measured their willingness to engage in pro-social behavior, like donating to support children in need. What she found was those who saw robot heroes were significantly less likely to donate than those who saw humans taking the same actions. “The robot stories actually make people feel less inspired,” says Huang. “And that has important consequences. If using robots lowers our intention to help others, it could have a pretty big negative social impact.” So what do we do as AI and robots play an increasing role in our lives? How do we embrace their benefits without downgrading our humanity and pro-sociability in the process? Huang says if we want robots to be good for society, then we need to humanize them. 1．Which of the following best describes “pro-social” behavior? A．Helping others when they are in need. B．Becoming less motivated to help others. C．Copying the behavior of a robot. D．Avoiding social interaction with others. 2．What were the participants asked to do in the study? A．To review news reports. B．To respond to news reports. C．To observe robots working. D．To take an interview. 3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．People hate robots helping others. B．Robots will never be able to replace humans. C．People’s humanity will surely decline because of robots’ development. D．Humanizing robots is likely to make them more beneficial to society. 4．Which of the following could be the best title? A．Robots: Threats to Human Pro-social Behavior B．The Dilemma of Robots in Modern Society C．Humanizing Robots: A Solution to Social Problems D．Do Robots Inspire Human Pro-social Behavior? 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2025·安徽合肥庐阳区·模拟） Even though it’s been more than 30 years, Miller still feels the grief over his stolen violin. In his senior year of high school, Miller’s family found their home ransacked (洗劫) after a trip abroad. Miller, who had been playing the violin since he was nine, went immediately to the hiding spot under his bed. “I looked. My instrument was gone. I looked again. It was gone,” he said. The stolen violin is one of many life experiences Miller drew upon to write his book, The Violin Conspiracy. It tells the story of McMillan, a gifted violinist whose family violin is stolen just before one of the world-class music competitions. Born in California, Miller was raised in Fayetteville, N. C．, and began playing the violin through a public school music program. For both Miller and his character McMillan, the violin was a means to get away from a difficult childhood and a ticket to college and a promising job. After graduating from college with a degree in music education, Miller has taught music to students from primary through high school for more than 20 years. Writing the book was a chance to celebrate Miller’s success and honor the people who helped him along the way. In the book, McMillan’s Grandma Nora — his first supporter — is named after Miller’s grandmother. And McMillan’s tutor Janice is based on Dr. Rachel Vetter Huang, Miller’s college teacher, whom he calls “a life-saving force.” The Violin Conspiracy has been praised for its lively descriptions. After it came on the market in 2022, thank-yous poured in. Miller heard from many Black musicians who said “This is a story that I’ve been carrying along as well. I experienced the exact same things McMillan has gone through in the story, and no one would believe me. Now it’s out there in the world to see.” 1．Why was Miller painful about his stolen violin? A．The violin was costly. B．The violin counted to him. C．He bought the violin from abroad. D．The violin was meant for a competition. 2．What can we know about Miller’s campus life? A．He once almost lost his life. B．He taught music in a college. C．He gained much support from his teacher. D．He launched a public school music program. 3．What message did these Black musicians want to express? A．They could relate to Miller’s work. B．They were worried about the coming life. C．The work helped them relived the financial pressure. D．They thanked him for exposing their former situation. 4．What is the text? A．A lesson plan. B．A news report. C．A children’s story. D．A book review. Passage 2 （2020·安徽宣城·二模） It’s true that quite a few most respected scientific authorities have confirmed that the world is becoming hotter and hotter. There’s also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming. Countless recent reports have proved the same thing. For instance, a 2010 summary about the climate science by the Royal Society noted that: “The global warming over the last half-century has been caused mainly by human activity.” You may not believe that humans could change the planet’s climate, but the basic science is well understood. Each year, billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activity. As has been known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket. Of course, the earth’s climate has always been changing due to “natural” factors such as volcanic eruption or changes in solar, or cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun. According to the scientific research, however, the warming observed by now matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere—not the warming we would expect from other possible causes. Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming recorded so far, that would give birth to a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it: “If some newly discovered factor is to blame for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?” The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths — one with human influence and one without. That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty. 1．The text is developed by ________. A．giving typical examples B．following the order of space C．comparing and finding differences D．analyzing a theory and arguing it 2．Which of the following statements is right according to the passage? A．Few scientific authorities have confirmed the existence of global warming. B．Greenhouse gases prevent heat in the atmosphere from escaping to space. C．Some new factors for the climate change have been discovered by scientists. D．Scientists are absolutely sure about the human influence on the earth’s climate. 3．The underline word “identical” in the last paragraph probably means ________. A．exactly the same B．totally different C．extremely important D．partly independent 4．Which of the following can be the best title? A．Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming? B．Are All the Scientists Really Scientific? C．Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to? D．What’s the Relation of Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases? 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （2025·安徽黄山·模拟） Look through the pages of a business magazine or walk through an airport or train station and you’re likely to be surrounded with advertising from companies claiming to have gone green. Go to a grocery store and you’ll see everything from laundry washing powder to yogurt claiming to be net zero (净零排放). Unfortunately, this isn’t always the case. Painting a rosy picture of going green won’t actually work. This is why the United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres decided to blow the whistle and call on corporations to start walking the talk on their net-zero promises — which would require immediate action to cut greenhouse gas emissions as close to zero as possible. The Secretary-General is clear: “We cannot afford slow movers, fake movers or any form of greenwashing.” But why is greenwashing so bad? In part because the risks are so high. It’s not just false advertising: fake net zero claims drive up the cost that ultimately everyone will have to pay in order to stop climate change. Greenwashing also fuels public disbelief about climate issues and damages one of the few mechanisms we have to coordinate (协调) global action. To restore honesty to net zero commitment, the Secretary-General established a global task force of 17 experts to look closely at the standards, definitions and criteria surrounding them. The report, called “Integrity Matters”, sets out what it means to make a net zero promise. Once in effect, the criteria clarify what does and doesn’t count towards a net zero goal as well as what is plainly disqualifying. This means that we can know the company’s overall emissions are going down instead of buying cheap low quality credit in a short period of time. We also want companies to publicly and transparently disclose real progress they are or aren’t making to reduce their emissions. Work is underway to develop a credible, comprehensive public online database that we can check to see the progress a company is or isn’t making to reduce its emission. Today, we need a series of interconnected and dynamic moves for net zero goals. As Canada’s Minster of Environment and Climate Change, I saw the power of business, financial institutions, cities and regions to help accelerate positive change. 1．Why does the author list net zero claims in paragraph 1? A．To advertise green products. B．To present a phenomenon. C．To propose a suggestion. D．To criticize net zero. 2．Which of the following can best describe greenwashing? A．It advocates maintaining a positive lifestyle by walking. B．It is devoted to developing sustainable and green products. C．It dampens public enthusiasm for buying high quality goods. D．It is an act to offer misleading claims about cutting emissions. 3．What can we learn about Integrity Matters from the text? A．It can offer specific guidelines on environmental promise. B．It forces companies to declare their progress in going green. C．It has addressed public’s concerns over net zero promise. D．It may disqualify consumers to buy green products. 4．What might the author continue talking about? A．Examples of combined green efforts. B．Benefits of ensuring a sustainable planet. C．Rewards for genuine green action. D．Great influences of Integrity Matters. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（议论文） 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 (2026·安徽淮南·二模) As an individual in the age of digital transformation, your life has likely been shaped by the pace of technological innovation over the past 20 years. This evolution is linked to the global rise of urbanization. According to the United Nations, 54 percent of the world’s population lives in urban areas, a percentage expected to reach 66 percent by 2050. This “large-cities” trend is, in part, driven by the very digital transformations that are changing economies, cultures, and communities at light speed, providing high-level connectivity, mobility, and access to information. For residents in these expanding urban centers, the digital shift brings clear benefits: major new capabilities that allow them to stay connected, conduct their affairs, and access services with once-unimaginable convenience. Yet life in a digitally high city also comes with a significant downside — a growing rate of cheating, theft, cyber attacks, and other harmful activities. As city citizens adopt diverse payment platforms such as smartphone apps and online services, the challenge of ensuring information safety and protection across urban business networks becomes more serious and widespread. In response, a growing number of city leaders are turning to smart city technologies. These systems use networks of detectors and mobile devices to provide real-time data on urban operations — from basic facilities and traffic to public services — enabling more efficient use of resources, from waste collection to police patrols (巡逻). However, this deep digital integration also introduces new complexities for businesses seeking to build smooth customer experiences and secure new income streams. This underscores why ongoing security innovation and public education are vital. Citizens need confidence that their institutions are protected by strong and trusted digital security solutions. Appropriate investment in these technologies is essential to gain the upper hand against threats, whether in cyberspace or the physical world. Therefore, as communities worldwide face the mixed challenges of urban growth, widespread connectivity, and evolving security risks, ongoing innovation remains a priority for technology leaders such as Thales. Ultimately, recognizing this need and mobilizing the resources to use technology in a safe way is a critical responsibility for government and business leaders everywhere. 1．What contributes most to the global trend of urbanization? A．Declining online engagement. B．Rural population decline. C．Rapid technological progress. D．Enhanced farming methods. 2．What does digital urban life bring according to the second paragraph? A．New conveniences and dangers. B．Overall social advancement. C．Minor urban difficulties. D．Limited security threats. 3．What is smart city technology intended to achieve? A．Replacing public service workers. B．Increasing business incomes. C．Restricting citizen movement. D．Improving data-driven management. 4．Why does the author write this text? A．To assess urban digitalization and argue for security. B．To explain smart city system operations. C．To compare life in cities and the countryside. D．To promote a tech company’s products. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文围绕数字化转型与城市化发展展开，介绍数字化给城市生活带来的利弊，阐述智慧城市技术的作用，强调数字安全创新与科普教育的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“This “large-cities” trend is, in part, driven by the very digital transformations that are changing economies, cultures, and communities at light speed, providing high-level connectivity, mobility, and access to information.(这种“大城市”趋势在一定程度上是由数字化转型推动的，这些转型正在以光速改变经济、文化和社区，提供高水平的连接、移动性和信息获取。)”可知，快速的科技发展推动了全球城市化进程。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“For residents in these expanding urban centers, the digital shift brings clear benefits: major new capabilities that allow them to stay connected, conduct their affairs, and access services with once-unimaginable convenience. Yet life in a digitally high city also comes with a significant downside-a growing rate of cheating, theft, cyber attacks, and other harmful activities.(对于这些不断扩张的城市中心的居民来说，数字化转型带来了明显的好处：主要的新功能使他们能够保持联系，处理事务，并以曾经难以想象的便利获取服务。然而，数字高城市的生活也有一个明显的缺点——作弊、盗窃、网络攻击和其他有害活动的发生率越来越高。)” 可知，数字化城市生活兼具全新便利与安全隐患。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“These systems use networks of detectors and mobile devices to provide real-time data on urban operations-from basic facilities and traffic to public services-enabling more efficient use of resources, from waste collection to police patrols (巡逻). (这些系统使用探测器和移动设备网络提供有关城市运营的实时数据，从基础设施和交通到公共服务，从而更有效地利用资源，从废物收集到警察巡逻。)”可知，智慧城市技术旨在实现数据化高效管理。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“Ultimately, recognizing this need and mobilizing the resources to use technology in a safe way is a critical responsibility for government and business leaders everywhere.(最终，认识到这一需求并调动资源以安全的方式利用技术，是世界各地政府和企业领导者的关键职责。)”可知，全文先分析城市数字化发展现状、优势与安全隐患，继而提出要重视安全创新、合理运用科技，核心目的是评析城市数字化进程并呼吁重视网络与城市安全。 Passage 2 （2026·安徽淮南·二模） Amit Lennon’s Artificial Intelligence Portrayal project compares real studio portraits (肖像) with AI-generated replacements, exposing unsettling questions about reality. Using Adobe Firefly, Lennon inputs basic facial measurements and brief self-descriptions to create digital copies. The AI results, while astonishingly similar, often erase imperfections, producing idealized versions with shiny hair and spotless skin. Lennon’s goal is to stimulate reflection on how AI constructs images and what prejudices shape its outputs. The project reveals AI’s tendency to strengthen social assumptions. A man of mixed background is given a bright red beard, while female subjects are smoothed into standardized beauty standards. “It beautifies people a lot,” Lennon notes, highlighting gender discrimination toward polished perfection. Some subjects, like student Lola Choo Antopolski, think their AI versions look cold and unnatural. It’s like a mix of their own features and what the computer guessed. The tool uses common images and social media styles, which makes the results look very similar and like they have an “Instagram filter (滤镜美化).” This takes away people’s unique qualities. AI is getting better very quickly, and it’s becoming hard for us to tell what’s real and what’s artificial. Tools can make super-realistic images and videos. This is causing a big problem with trust. Lennon says it feels like we’re being tricked, because it’s hard to tell if something was made by a person or a machine. The rise of AI sets off legal battles over intellectual property. Many AI tools learn from copyrighted materials taken without permission, which raises concerns about misuse. Niek Dunmur of the Association of Photographers warns AI risks pushing out human creators. Lennon adds that companies favor AI for its cost-free, copyright-free outputs, but portraiture’s uniqueness resists easy reproduction. While AI popularizes image creation, Lennon argues it lacks the intentionality of photography: “There is no camera.” His work invites debate about technology’s role in art—whether it enhances or weakens human expression. As AI develops, society must tackle its moral limits and figure out what importance we attach to things like being imperfect, being real, and the unique little details that come from a human point of view. 1．Why did Amit Lennon start the Artificial Intelligence Portrayal project? A．To show AI’s ability in portraits. B．To compare AI and traditional portraits. C．To promote Adobe Firefly. D．To reflect on AI’s image creation. 2．What is the main concern about AI-generated images in paragraph 2? A．They lose people’s unique qualities. B．They are too similar to each other. C．They are not realistic enough. D．They are too difficult to create. 3．What leads to the legal fights over AI? A．AI uses illegal copyrighted materials. B．AI tools are too expensive to develop. C．AI is not accurate enough in its outputs. D．AI is replacing human workers too quickly. 4．What does Amit Lennon think about the role of AI in art? A．It greatly enhances human expression. B．It lacks careful planning of photography. C．It completely replaces traditional art forms.D．It makes art more accessible to everyone. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了阿米特・伦农的人工智能肖像项目，探讨了AI生成肖像存在的问题、引发的法律争议以及AI在艺术领域存在的弊端与局限。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Lennon’s goal is to stimulate reflection on how AI constructs images and what prejudices shape its outputs.(Lennon的目标是激发人们对人工智能如何构建图像以及什么偏见塑造了其输出的思考。)”可知，Amit Lennon启动人工智能肖像项目是为了反思人工智能的图像创作。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The tool uses common images and social media styles, which makes the results look very similar and like they have an ‘Instagram filter (滤镜美化).’ This takes away people’s unique qualities.(该工具使用常见图像和社交媒体风格，这使得结果看起来非常相似，就像有‘Instagram滤镜美化’一样。这带走了人们独特的品质。)”可知，第二段中关于人工智能生成图像的主要担忧是它们失去了人们独特的品质。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The rise of AI sets off legal battles over intellectual property. Many AI tools learn from copyrighted materials taken without permission, which raises concerns about misuse.(人工智能的兴起引发了关于知识产权的法律斗争。许多人工智能工具从未经许可获取的受版权保护的材料中学习，这引发了人们对滥用的担忧。)”可知，导致人工智能法律斗争的原因是人工智能使用了非法的受版权保护的材料。 4．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“While AI popularizes image creation, Lennon argues it lacks the intentionality of photography: ‘There is no camera.’(虽然人工智能使图像创作普及，但Lennon认为它缺乏摄影的意图性：“没有相机”)”可知，Amit Lennon认为人工智能在艺术中缺乏摄影的精心规划。 Passage 3 （2025·安徽马鞍山·二模） American kids ate very odd things in the 19th century. In historical documents of all kinds, from medical studies to diaries to school records, Americans described children as curious eaters who appreciated strong flavors and interesting textures (口感). A group of children in 1830s Boston spent their pocket money on raw oysters (牡蛎). The more I researched, the clearer it became that American children’s experiences with food in the past were full of pleasure. But today, appreciation of sharp and varied flavors can be hard to find among American kids. Many adults assume that pickiness is a hard-wired stage and that kids naturally dislike many foods. But mass childhood pickiness is a modern phenomenon created largely by junk food companies that promoted products like sugary cereals (谷物) as food specifically for children, convincing Americans that kids need different, easily likable foods. This created a culture of pickiness that is harming children’s health and taking away pleasures and flavors they enjoyed in the past — all while adding unnecessary anxiety to dinner tables across the country. Food companies like General Foods and Nestlé poured money into designing products in laboratories to target humans’ natural preferences and make their foods very hard to refuse. By the mid-20th century, thousands of their sweet, salty and crunchy (脆的) foods crowded grocery shelves, and many of them were marketed to children. One 1960 Kraft advertisement featured an otherwise “picky” girl who “never turns up that button nose at mild, golden Velveeta cheese!” Nowadays, many parents worry about their kids’ processed diets, increasing weight problems, and the stress of picky eating. But it doesn’t have to be this way. Parents can warmly encourage children to eat family foods and avoid offering alternatives. They can also fight against corporate marketing with their own enthusiastic messages about the foods they love to eat. 1．How did the American children in the 19th century differ from those at present? A．They were given less pocket money. B．They enjoyed more diverse flavors. C．They showed more interest in history. D．They had fewer conflicts with parents. 2．What does the author think of childhood pickiness? A．An unnecessary risk. B．A cultural phenomenon. C．An unavoidable stage. D．A product of education. 3．What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A．Food companies achieved big success. B．People tended to buy slightly processed foods. C．Food advertisements got less creative. D．People preferred sweet foods to salty ones. 4．In what way does the author try to relieve parents’ anxiety? A．By praising their efforts. B．By giving possible explanations. C．By defending their choices. D．By offering practical suggestions. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要阐述19世纪美国儿童乐于品尝奇特食物、享受多样风味，而如今儿童挑食现象普遍，分析该现象是垃圾食品公司营销造成，同时为家长缓解相关焦虑给出建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“American kids ate very odd things in the 19th century. In historical documents of all kinds, from medical studies to diaries to school records, Americans described children as curious eaters who appreciated strong flavors and interesting textures (口感).(19世纪美国孩子会吃非常奇特的东西。在各类历史文献中，从医学研究到日记再到学校记录，美国人将孩子们描述为好奇的食客，他们喜欢浓烈的味道和有趣的口感)”以及第二段中的“But today, appreciation of sharp and varied flavors can be hard to find among American kids.(但如今，在美国孩子中很难找到对浓烈多样口味的喜爱)可知，19世纪的美国儿童与现在的儿童不同之处在于，他们享受更多样的风味。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But mass childhood pickiness is a modern phenomenon created largely by junk food companies that promoted products like sugary cereals (谷物) as food specifically for children, convincing Americans that kids need different, easily likable foods. This created a culture of pickiness that is harming children’s health and taking away pleasures and flavors they enjoyed in the past — all while adding unnecessary anxiety to dinner tables across the country.(但是，儿童普遍挑食是一种现代现象。这在很大程度上是由垃圾食品公司造成的：他们将含糖麦片之类的产品宣传成专门给儿童食用的食品，让美国人深信孩子需要独特、易于接受的食物。 这种现象催生了挑食文化，它正在损害孩子们的健康，剥夺了他们曾经享受过的美食滋味，同时还给全国家庭的餐桌增添了无端的焦虑)”可知，作者认为儿童挑食是一种文化现象。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Food companies like General Foods and Nestlé poured money into designing products in laboratories to target humans’ natural preferences and make their foods very hard to refuse. By the mid - 20th century, thousands of their sweet, salty and crunchy (脆的) foods crowded grocery shelves, and many of them were marketed to children.(像通用食品公司和雀巢这样的食品公司投入资金在实验室设计产品，以迎合人类的自然偏好，让他们的食品让人难以抗拒。到20世纪中期，他们生产的数千种甜的、咸的和脆的食品摆满了杂货店的货架，其中许多产品是面向儿童销售的)”可以推断出，食品公司取得了巨大成功。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Parents can warmly encourage children to eat family foods and avoid offering alternatives. They can also fight against corporate marketing with their own enthusiastic messages about the foods they love to eat.(家长可以热情地鼓励孩子吃家常食物，避免提供替代品。他们还可以用自己对喜爱食物的热情宣传来对抗公司的营销)”可知，作者通过提供切实可行的建议来缓解家长的焦虑。故选D项。 Passage 4 （2025·安徽蚌埠·二模） Playgrounds have been made significantly safer. There are soft surfaces to play on and all the dangerous play equipment like tall metal slides where children jumped on and off at high speeds have been replaced by much safer plastic swings and climbing structures. Has removing the risk also removed the fun and the challenge? In Amsterdam, the Dutch capital, local officials believe so. That’s why they want to replace boring playgrounds with spaces that allow kids to play with water, climb, sword-fight with sticks, wrestle and fall. “The inspiration is that children are hardly moving, which is a huge problem,” says Rob Hofland, one of the officials. “They are attracted to a more engaging screen, sitting still for hours. We are learning about how unhealthy it is that the Dutch — the sitting champions of Europe — are so inactive. Things need to change and it starts young.” Taking risks is children’s nature. Babies start to pull themselves up on furniture even before they can stand. Older children are introduced to a large range of activities that come with potential risk like working with tools. “Risky play is really a fundamental way for children to figure out the world,” says Mariana Brussoni, a professor at the University of British Columbia. “Engaging in risky play helps them to develop self-confidence, resilience, executive functioning abilities, as well as risk assessment.” While it is still parents’ job to keep kids safe in playgrounds, it is important to make informed choices before prohibiting risky play. That’s why parents should practice what Brussoni calls the 17-second rule. So instead of telling your child not to climb a tree so high or run so fast, take 17 seconds and observe how your child is doing and what they are able to do. “This will provide your children the opportunity to figure out for themselves what’s comfortable and what they can do,” says Brussoni, adding that the most important thing you can do is get out of the way and just let children play. 1．What are the current playgrounds like? A．They are challenging for kids. B．They are basically free of risks. C．They are full of funny elements. D．They are tailored to risk-takers’ nature. 2．Why does Rob Hofland want to bring back risk play? A．To motivate children to become more active. B．To obey the latest health guidelines in Europe. C．To train potential champions in the sports field. D．To inspire children to invent smarter devices. 3．What does Brussoni stress in paragraph 5? A．Requirements for tackling risks. B．Features of predictable risks. C．Ways to engage in risky play. D．Benefits risky play can bring. 4．What does Brussoni advise parents to do? A．Stop observing their adventurous kids. B．Act as a role model for less brave kids. C．Allow their kids to explore their potential. D．Prevent their kids from doing risky sports. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论的是如今的儿童游玩场地几乎没有任何冒险设施。这样的游乐场地真的适合孩子们吗？是否应该恢复冒险游戏？ 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Playgrounds have been made significantly safer. There are soft surfaces to play on and all the dangerous play equipment like tall metal slides where children jumped on and off at high speeds have been replaced by much safer plastic swings and climbing structures.(操场变得更加安全。这里有柔软的地面可供玩耍，所有危险的游乐设备，比如让孩子们高速上下的高金属滑梯，都被更安全的塑料秋千和攀爬结构所取代。)”以及第二段“Has removing the risk also removed the fun and the challenge?(移除风险是否也会移除乐趣和挑战？)”可知，目前的儿童游玩场地基本没有危险设施。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段““The inspiration is that children are hardly moving, which is a huge problem,” says Rob Hofland, one of the officials. “They are attracted to a more engaging screen, sitting still for hours. We are learning about how unhealthy it is that the Dutch — the sitting champions of Europe — are so inactive. Things need to change and it starts young.”(“孩子们几乎不动，这是一个大问题。”其中一名官员Rob Hofland表示，“他们会被更吸引人的屏幕所吸引，一坐就是几个小时。我们正在了解到，荷兰人——欧洲的卫冕冠军——如此不活跃是多么不健康。事情需要改变，而且要从年轻的时候开始。”)”可知，Rob Hofland提到，孩子们现在大多更喜爱看电子产品，这导致他们很少运动，健康状况堪忧，因此他认为需要改变现状。由此可推断，他想要恢复冒险游戏是想鼓励孩子们多运动。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段““Risky play is really a fundamental way for children to figure out the world,” says Mariana Brussoni, a professor at the University of British Columbia. “Engaging in risky play helps them to develop self-confidence, resilience, executive functioning abilities, as well as risk assessment.”(“冒险游戏确实是孩子们了解世界的一种基本方式，”不列颠哥伦比亚大学教授Mariana Brussoni说。“参与冒险游戏有助于他们培养自信、适应力、执行能力和风险评估能力。”)”可知，在第五段Brussoni主要强调冒险游戏的益处。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段““This will provide your children the opportunity to figure out for themselves what’s comfortable and what they can do,” says Brussoni, adding that the most important thing you can do is get out of the way and just let children play.(Brussoni说：“这将为你的孩子提供一个机会，让他们自己弄清楚什么是舒适的，他们可以做什么。”他补充说，你能做的最重要的事情就是让开，让孩子们去玩。)”可推断，Brussoni建议父母允许孩子探索他们的潜能。故选C项。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2025·安徽合肥·模拟） In today’s competitive society, it seems everyone is talking about self-care. Michela Luciani, an assistant professor of nursing at the University of Milano-Bicocca in Italy, defines self-care as trying to stay healthy and prevent diseases. However, the term has been used over time by companies and influencers to sell products that encourage people to focus on themselves, adding to greater loneliness in society. Examples of this trend are all over social media, where brands promote a range of self-care products, from skincare products to hair-growth solutions. Taking advantage of the growing interest in mental health, influencers have produced an increasing number of sponsored videos on platforms like YouTube, showing their daily self-care habits. By 2022, a $5.6 trillion (about 40.47 trillion yuan) global wellness market had appeared “under the guise of helping consumers buy their way to peace”, commented Allie Volpe, a senior reporter at Vox. Consumerism might offer short moments of joy, but it fails to address the deeper problems behind a lack of well-being. Instead, it creates a pattern where consumers turn to self-care products, only to be trapped by unhealthy social comparisons and too much self-focus. This selfishness pulls them away from others, leading to loneliness rather than connection, according to psychologist Maytal Eyal. But why are people drawn to consumerist self-care? Eyal points to individualism as the key. She sees that in today’s society, asking for help is often seen as embarrassing, while independence is praised as the highest goal. When people are told they are totally responsible for their own well-being, they feel forced to deal with it alone. The drive for perfection also encourages the want to buy more self-care products. Social media especially encourages us to stay calm and positive, selling both impossible images and expensive “solutions”. While consumerist self-care focuses on the individual, true self-care means connection with others. As Eyal puts it, if we can find a balance between caring for ourselves and caring for others, real self-care could be our lifeline. 1．According to Michela Luciani, what is the primary goal of self-care? A．To boost happiness through product consumption. B．To maintain health and prevent illnesses. C．To showcase personal lifestyles on social media. D．To foster social interactions and reduce loneliness. 2．What does Allie Volpe criticize about the global wellness market? A．It prioritizes expensive skincare products over mental health. B．It discourages people from seeking professional help. C．It promotes unrealistic social comparisons. D．It disguises consumerism as a path to inner peace. 3．Why does psychologist Maytal Eyal believe people are attracted to consumerist self-care? A．Social media algorithms pressure users to conform. B．Societal emphasis on individualism places responsibility on individuals. C．Mental health awareness campaigns highlight its benefits. D．Self-care products guarantee long-term emotional stability. 4．How does the text suggest achieving" true self-care"? A．By purchasing high-quality wellness products. B．By striving for perfection in personal habits. C．By balancing self-care with care for others. D．By avoiding social comparisons entirely. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述，在现代社会 “爱自己”被商家炒作用来推销健康产品，反而让个体更加孤独。作者认为正确的“爱自己”应该是照顾自己和与人交往之间的平衡。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Michela Luciani, an assistant professor of nursing at the University of Milano-Bicocca in Italy, defines self-care as trying to stay healthy and prevent diseases.(意大利米兰比可卡大学的护理学助理教授米歇拉·卢西亚尼将自我护理定义为努力保持健康并预防疾病。)”可知，“爱自己”的核心目标为“尽力保持健康、防止生病”。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By 2022, a $5.6 trillion (about 40.47 trillion yuan) global wellness market had appeared “under the guise of helping consumers buy their way to peace”, commented Allie Volpe, a senior reporter at Vox.(Vox资深记者艾莉・沃尔普评论称，到 2022 年，一个 5.6 万亿美元的全球健康市场已 “打着帮助消费者通过购买获得平静的幌子” 出现。)”可知，她批判该市场将消费主义伪装成通往内心平静的途径。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But why are people drawn to consumerist self-care? Eyal points to individualism as the key. She sees that in today’s society, asking for help is often seen as embarrassing, while independence is praised as the highest goal. When people are told they are totally responsible for their own well-being, they feel forced to deal with it alone.(但为何人们会被消费主义的自我关怀所吸引？埃亚尔指出，个人主义是关键所在。她认为，在当今社会，寻求帮助往往被视为尴尬之事，而独立则被推崇为最高目标。当人们被告知要对自己的幸福完全负责时，他们会感到不得不独自应对一切。)”可知，社会舆论迫使人们认为，寻求帮助是令人尴尬的，个人主义宣扬的独立才是值得赞扬的，由此可知，人们被消费主义自我关怀吸引的原因是社会对个人主义的强调将责任推给个体。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As Eyal puts it, if we can find a balance between caring for ourselves and caring for others, real self-care could be our lifeline.(正如埃亚尔所说，如果我们能在关爱自己和关爱他人之间找到平衡，真正的自我关怀才能成为我们的生命线。)”可知，实现真正自我关怀的方式是平衡自我关怀与对他人的关怀。故选C项。 Passage 2 （2024·安徽池州·模拟） How do we come to make sense of our daily lives? How can we gain a strong grasp of who we really are and how we fit in the world? And how can we naturally connect to important ones in our lives? “Life stories are one of the prime tools we have for understanding ourselves and the world around us.” says Robyn Fivush, a professor at Emory University. Humans are natural storytellers. We use stories to understand our present, draw insights from our past, and anticipate the future. Thus, storytelling is basic to our lives. As a form of rich engagement between family members, family storytelling should be valued more. Sharing bedtime stories and talks after school, or walking through an event that left a young child crying—these are all opportunities for parents and children to become closer through warmth, understanding and support. Fivush and her colleagues have underscored the value of storytelling in parenting. The ways parents support children’s emotions and help them retell more vivid, richly detailed stories have lasting impacts on children’s cognitive(认知的)and emotional development. Children and teenagers learn how to talk about their lives from family stories. An early example is learning how to present a detailed story with a beginning, a middle, and an end—to give it a clear structure. Further, they learn what is appropriate to talk about or avoid and what feelings are appropriate to share over dinner or out with others. When growing up, we use our life stories to build complex and stable views of ourselves. Through stories about the traditions maintained over the years, we make connections between past successes and failures, our relationships, and the activities that hold meaning to us to develop our new identities. These identities reflect our roles as family members, community members, co-workers and so on, thus helping us have a more complete view of ourselves. Having a lasting impact on ourselves and those around us, life stories are filled with meaning, insight, and value. By the way, what’s the story that stands out to you from a recent meal or chat? 1．Why does the writer ask three questions in the beginning? A．To explain a general idea. B．To give background information. C．To introduce an argument. D．To report the finding of a study. 2．What does the underlined word “underscored” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Cast doubt on. B．Attached importance to. C．Shown concern for. D．Thought poorly of. 3．How can life stories help form a complete view of ourselves according to the writer? A．By maintaining social ties. B．By rebuilding our identities. C．By connecting our past and future. D．By learning from family members. 4．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A review on a storybook. B．An advice letter for social life. C．A guidebook to parenting. D．An essay on the value of storytelling. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文的体裁是议论文。主要探讨了生活故事在个人身份认同和情感发展中的作用，以及家庭讲故事对亲子关系的重要性。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Life stories are one of the prime tools we have for understanding ourselves and the world around us(生活故事是我们了解自己和周围世界的主要工具之一)”可推理出第一段使用了三个问题是为了引出“生活故事是我们了解自己和周围世界的主要工具之一”这一论点，故选C项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词上文“Sharing bedtime stories and talks after school, or walking through an event that left a young child crying—these are all opportunities for parents and children to become closer through warmth, understanding and support.(分享睡前故事和放学后的谈话，或者走过一个让孩子哭泣的事件，这些都是父母和孩子通过温暖、理解和支持变得更亲密的机会)”以及下文“the value of storytelling in parenting(讲故事在育儿中的价值)”可推理出，划线词的含义为“重视”，故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“When growing up, we use our life stories to build complex and stable views of ourselves. Through stories about the traditions maintained over the years, we make connections between past successes and failures, our relationships, and the activities that hold meaning to us to develop our new identities. These identities reflect our roles as family members, community members, co-workers and so on, thus helping us have a more complete view of ourselves(在成长过程中，我们用自己的生活故事来构建复杂而稳定的自我观念。通过讲述多年来保持的传统故事，我们在过去的成败、人际关系以及对我们有意义的活动中建立联系，以发展我们的新身份。这些身份反映了我们作为家庭成员、社区成员、同事等的角色，从而帮助我们对自己有一个更完整的认识)”可知，通过讲述生活故事，我们可以建立起对自己的复杂而稳定的看法。通过讲述多年来保持的传统，我们可以将过去的成功和失败、我们的关系以及对我们有意义的活动联系起来，从而发展出我们的新身份。这些身份反映了我们作为家庭成员、社区成员、同事等的角色，从而帮助我们更全面地看待自己，故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Life stories are one of the prime tools we have for understanding ourselves and the world around us(生活故事是我们了解自己和周围世界的主要工具之一)”、第二段“Sharing bedtime stories and talks after school, or walking through an event that left a young child crying—these are all opportunities for parents and children to become closer through warmth, understanding and support.(分享睡前故事和放学后的谈话，或者走过一个让孩子哭泣的事件，这些都是父母和孩子通过温暖、理解和支持变得更亲密的机会)”、倒数第二段“When growing up, we use our life stories to build complex and stable views of ourselves. Through stories about the traditions maintained over the years, we make connections between past successes and failures, our relationships, and the activities that hold meaning to us to develop our new identities. (在成长过程中，我们用自己的生活故事来构建复杂而稳定的自我观念。通过讲述多年来保持的传统故事，我们在过去的成败、人际关系以及对我们有意义的活动中建立联系，以发展我们的新身份)”以及最后一段“Having a lasting impact on ourselves and those around us, life stories are filled with meaning, insight, and value.( 生活故事对我们自己和周围的人都有着持久的影响，充满了意义、洞察力和价值)”可知，文章开篇指出讲故事是理解日常生活和了解自我的重要工具，并通过 Fivush 教授的观点以及家庭讲故事的例子说明了讲故事在生活中的重要性。然后文章介绍了家庭讲故事对孩子的影响，包括学习如何表达自己的生活、了解什么是适当的话题和情感表达等。接着文章提到了通过讲故事来建立自己的身份认同，并介绍了这种方式对个人认知和情感发展的影响。最后文章总结了讲故事对个人和周围人的重要性，并提出了一个问题，引导读者思考自己最近的经历中有什么突出的故事。可推理出，文章取自探讨讲故事的价值和重要性的文章，故选D项。 Passage 3 （2023·安徽蚌埠·二模） How far would you go to make a good impression at a new job? A college student in Alabama walked 32 kilometers in the dark to get to his new job. The story begins with Walter Carr's car breaking down the night before starting a new job. Carr was unable to find a ride. So, he figured out how long it would take to walk from his house to the job in Pelham-32 kilometers away. He left at midnight so that he could make it to the customer's house by 8：00 am the next morning. Pelham police saw him walking along a highway at 4-00 am. So, they stopped to see if he needed help. After hearing his story, they took him to a restaurant for breakfast and then to a church where he could safely wait until 8：00 am. The police then took Carr to the home of customer Jenny Lamey. Lamey said that even though Carr had just walked the entire night, he refused her offer to rest. He just wanted to start working. While he worked, he talked with the customer, telling her how much he liked her kitchen. Jenny Lamey later wrote this on Facebook："I just can't tell you how touched I was by Walter and his journey. He is kind and cheerful and he has big dreams! He is hardworking and tough. " She then started a GoFundMe page to help Walter with money to get his car fixed. When the CEO of Bellhops, Luke Marklin, learned of Carr's story, he drove from Tennessee to Alabama to give Walter his own 2014 Ford Escape. Walter Carr's story touched many others around the United States. Within a few days, people gave over $ 73 ,000 to his GoFundMe page. Carr has decided to give a part of the donations to the Birmingham Education Foundation. And he has received more offers for jobs and scholarships for schools. 1．Why did Walter Carr decide to go to work on foot? A．He wanted to challenge himself. B．His car was damaged beyond repair. C．He was unable to borrow a car. D．He wished to be punctual for the job. 2．What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A．He broke traffic regulations. B．He was blamed by his customer. C．He was committed to his job. D．He started to work after a short break. 3．What kind of person does Lamey think Carr is? A．Cautious. B．Ambitious. C．Generous. D．Sensitive. 4．What message does the text really convey? A．One has to suffer in order to get a good job. B．A good impression is sure to bring one good money. C．The efforts to leave a good impression are to pay off. D．One has to give up something in return for donations. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述Walter Carr为了准时上班，在车子坏了的情况下坚持走32km上班的故事。这个故事告诉我们努力工作，给人留下好印象是会得到回报的。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“He left at midnight so that he could make it to the customer's house by 8：00 am the next morning.”（他半夜离开家目的是为了能在第二天早上8点顺利到达雇主家。）可知，Walter Carr走着上班是为了能够准时上班，故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“even though Carr had just walked the entire night, he refused her offer to rest. He just wanted to start working.”（即使Carr走了一整晚，他也拒绝了她提出的休息建议，他就是想要开始工作。）可知，Carr一心一意地工作，故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“I just can't tell you how touched I was by Walter and his journey. He is kind and cheerful and he has big dreams!”（我不能告诉你我有多被Walter和他的行程所感动。他很善良，让人开心。他拥有大梦想。）可知，Lamey认为Carr是一个雄心壮志的人，故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Within a few days, people gave over $ 73 ,000 to his GoFundMe page.”（人们在今天内给他的GoFundMe主页筹集7.3万美元）及“And he has received more offers for jobs and scholarships for schools.”（并且他已经收到了更多的工作邀请和学校的奖学金。）可知，因为Carr走着上班，对工作尽职的故事给人们留下很好的印象，所以得到了许多人的帮助。文章想通过这个故事告诉我们：努力给人留下好印象是可以得到回报的，故选C项。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 (25-26高三上·安徽合肥第七中学·) Environmental campaigners are calling for higher parking charges for large cars such as SUVs in British cities, similar to the new rules introduced in Paris. They argue that these heavy vehicles take up too much space, produce more pollution, and make streets less safe for people walking or cycling. According to a report by the group Clean Cities, proportion of large cars in England’s cities is now 10 times higher than 20 years ago. In London alone, the space they occupy equals the size of an entire borough (行政区) . The group wants cities to introduce Paris-style parking charges for big cars as a way to put off drivers and free up space. Last year, the French capital tripled parking costs for SUVs, from €6 (£5. 20) to €18 (£15. 60) an hour in the city center, which local reports say has already reduced the number of large cars on Paris streets. Oliver Lord, UK Head of Clean Cities, called it “only fair that those vehicles that do more damage pay a fair share of the cost that society has to pick up”. “Drivers are struggling to park because of ‘car spreading’, while people walking and cycling are more at risk,” he said. “Research shows that people are 30% more likely to die when hit by cars with very high fronts. If we want cities that are safer for children and allow us all to move around easier, we need to take action.” However, not everyone agrees. Ian Taylor, from the Alliance of British Drivers, said it was “perfectly equitable” for people to choose bigger cars, especially those used for work or family needs. He argued it was unfair to make life more difficult or costly for such drivers. The London government said it will soon renew its “Vision Zero Action Plan” to reduce road dangers. Campaigners believe fair parking policies are key to creating safer, cleaner, and more efficient cities for everyone. 1．What is the main concern of campaigners? A．Car-sharing services increase traffic jams. B．Drivers of SUVs often break parking rules. C．SUVs worsen air quality and crowd city streets. D．People walk less because of high parking fees. 2．What does Oliver Lord mainly suggest? A．Drivers should buy smaller cars. B．Parking spaces should be smaller. C．Large cars should pay higher costs. D．More should be invested in public transportation. 3．What effect did Paris’s new parking rule have? A．It made city parking cheaper. B．Fewer SUVs appeared on roads. C．It caused protests among drivers. D．More people started using buses. 4．What does the underlined word “equitable” in Paragraph 4 most likely mean? A．Reasonable and fair. B．Expensive and costly. C．Abnormal and unexpected. D．Temporary and short-term. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍环保人士呼吁英国城市对大型车辆增收停车费，同时阐述各方对此观点的不同看法。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They argue that these heavy vehicles take up too much space, produce more pollution, and make streets less safe for people walking or cycling. (他们认为这些重型车辆占用太多空间，产生更多污染，并且让街道对于步行或骑行的人来说安全性降低)”可知，环保人士的主要担忧是SUV这类大型车辆会加剧空气污染、挤占城市道路空间。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Oliver Lord, UK Head of Clean Cities, called it “only fair that those vehicles that do more damage pay a fair share of the cost that society has to pick up”. (清洁城市组织英国负责人奥利弗·洛德称，“让那些造成更多损害的车辆承担社会必须付出的相应成本，这是唯一公平的做法”)”可知，奥利弗·洛德主要建议大型车辆应该支付更高的费用。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Last year, the French capital tripled parking costs for SUVs, from €6 (£5. 20) to €18 (£15. 60) an hour in the city center, which local reports say has already reduced the number of large cars on Paris streets. (去年，法国首都将市中心 SUV 的停车费提高了三倍，从每小时6欧元（合5.2英镑）涨到18欧元（合15.6英镑），当地报道称这一举措已经减少了巴黎街头大型车辆的数量)”可知，巴黎新停车规则的效果是道路上的SUV变少了。故选B项。 4．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Ian Taylor, from the Alliance of British Drivers, said it was “perfectly equitable” for people to choose bigger cars, especially those used for work or family needs. He argued it was unfair to make life more difficult or costly for such drivers. (英国司机联盟的伊恩·泰勒表示，人们选择大型车辆是“完全equitable”，尤其是那些用于工作或家庭需求的车辆。他认为让这类司机的生活变得更困难或成本更高是不公平的)”可知，后文的“unfair”是对前文观点的反向佐证，因此“equitable”的意思是“合理且公平的”。故选A项。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （2025·安徽合肥集团校·模拟） With all the wars, fighting and sadness in the world today, it’s not only necessary, but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us get through each and every day of our lives. Putting a smile on someone’s face when you know they are feeling down in the dumps (处于沮丧中), as the saying goes, makes me feel good and warms my heart. How would you feel if you could not joke around with your wife, husband, child, co-worker, neighbor, close friend, or even just someone that you are standing in line with at your corner store? I am always saying things that make others smile or laugh, even if I don’t know the person I’m joking around with. My grandma always found humor in everything she did, even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine. This not only relieves stress in any situation, but also is common courtesy (礼貌) to speak to others that are around you. I know of a few people that don’t have a funny bone in their bodies, as they say. Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face. They don’t get the joke that makes others laugh. I am busting a gut while they just sit there, looking at me as if I were from outer space. How can people not get a really funny joke? Laughing is essential to keep your stress levels under control. Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems, or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy. There is too much sadness in this present world. It drives people crazy. We all need to find a way to bypass the sadness and bring a little light into our lives. So, I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together. 1．In which aspect is humor useful according to the author? A．It makes people more confident. B．It can pick up people’s spirits. C．It can help rid the cruelty in the world. D．It can help people get on well with others. 2．What does the phrase “busting a gut” in the third paragraph mean? A．Explaining carefully. B．Speaking loud. C．Keeping silent. D．Laughing hard. 3．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To talk about his own understanding of humor. B．To encourage people to be humorous in daily life. C．To introduce a practical way to get through daily life. D．To convince people of the power of being optimistic about life. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the present world? A．Neutral. B．Satisfied. C．Critical. D．Indifferent 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要阐述了在充满战争、冲突和悲伤的当今世界，幽默感的重要性，以及幽默对缓解压力、改善生活的积极作用，倡导人们在日常生活中保持幽默。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Putting a smile on someone’s face when you know they are feeling down in the dumps (处于沮丧中), as the saying goes, makes me feel good and warms my heart. (俗话说，当你知道别人正处于沮丧中时，让他们脸上露出笑容，会让我感觉很好，也温暖我的心)”可知，幽默能够在人们沮丧时让他们展露笑容，即能振奋人们的精神。故选B项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face. They don’t get the joke that makes others laugh. I am busting a gut while they just sit there, looking at me as if I were from outer space. (听到一个很棒的笑话后，他们周围的每个人都可能笑得前仰后合，而他们却坐在那里，脸上没有一丝笑容。他们听不懂让别人发笑的笑话。我busting a gut，而他们只是坐在那里，看着我，仿佛我来自外太空)”可知，别人都没有因为听到笑话而笑，我与他们的行为形成对比，即我是在大笑，所以“busting a gut”与“Laughing hard.”意思相近，意为“大笑”。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“With all the wars, fighting and sadness in the world today, it’s not only necessary, but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us get through each and every day of our lives. (当今世界充斥着各种战争、冲突与悲伤，拥有良好的幽默感不仅是必要的，更是必不可少的，它能帮助我们度过生活中的每一天)”并结合全文内容可知，文章开头指出在当今世界，拥有良好的幽默感不仅必要而且重要，能帮助我们度过每一天；中间讲述了幽默的作用，比如缓解压力、与他人相处等；最后一段中“So, I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together.(所以，我相信我们最好的药是聚在一起，讲一些笑话，一起笑得开心)”提到我们最好的良药是聚在一起讲些笑话，一起开怀大笑，由此可知，本文的主要目的是鼓励人们在日常生活中保持幽默，B选项“鼓励人们在日常生活中保持幽默感”符合语境。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems, or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy. There is too much sadness in this present world. It drives people crazy. (没有幽默感，我们会发现自己面临诸多心理问题，或者需要服用大量药物来防止自己发疯。当今世界有太多的悲伤，它会让人精神失常)”可知，作者认为当今世界有太多悲伤，甚至会让人发疯，这体现了作者对当今世界的批判态度。故选C项。 Passage 2 （2025·安徽合肥一中·模拟） At a summit in Paris on February 10th and 11th, 2025, tech bosses vied to issue the most grandiose claim about artificial intelligence, predicting that AI would lead to the largest change to the global labour market in human history. In a blog post, Sam Altman of OpenAI wrote that “In a decade perhaps everyone on earth will be capable of accomplishing more than the most impactful person can today.” Jensen Huang, chief executive of Nvidia, a chip designer, envisioned a future in which workers “are all going to be CEOs of AI agents.” More recent findings have cast doubt on this vision, however. They instead suggest a future in which high-flyers fly still higher and the rest are left behind. In complex tasks such as research and management, new evidence indicates that high performers are best positioned to work with AI. Evaluating the output of models requires expertise and good judgement. Rather than narrowing disparities, AI is likely to widen workforce divides, much like past technological revolutions. The case for AI as an equaliser (平衡器) was supported by research showing that the tech enhances output most for less experienced workers. Generative-AI tools may boost productivity by about 30% for novice workers in some low-tech or knowledge-intense tasks. Experienced workers, by contrast, saw little benefit, as the AI reinforced approaches they were already using, suggesting the tech could narrow gaps by transferring best practices from talented to less talented employees. The problem is that this is swamped by another effect. A job can be considered as a bundle of tasks, which tech may either commoditise or assist with. In the scientific and academic institutes, armed with AI tool, top researchers nearly double the productivity while less effective researchers, by contrast, struggled to filter useful outputs from irrelevant ones. Low-skilled workers’ repetitive tasks are susceptible to automation, which may greatly reduce human involvement. Labour markets have always been defined by the destruction of old roles and the creation of new ones. But who will take AI’s new jobs when they emerge? History suggests that technological upheavals favour the skilled. As the technology grows more sophisticated, semi-autonomous agents capable of acting independently may transform workplaces. But there will be no levelling-out: the most talented will still make the best CEOs. 1．What viewpoint below may Sam Altman and Jensen Huang support? A．Tech bosses will make more money from the labour market. B．AI will replace all the positions of workers. C．All the workers with AI technology can become bosses and capable. D．All workers will be appointed CEOs by the government. 2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “disparities” in paragraph 2? A．Judgement. B．Difference. C．Position. D．Management. 3．Many people predict that AI may widen the gap because ______. A．Top performers may accelerate their productivity. B．AI will replace some repetitive work of humans. C．People may spend more time selecting useful outputs. D．Automation may greatly reduce human involvement. 4．What’s the suitable title for the passage? A．To be a CEO is not a dream in the future. B．AI will be an equaliser in labour market. C．Everyone can be powerful with AI in the future. D．AI will widen social divides instead of an equaliser. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了人工智能对全球劳动力市场的影响。2025 年 2 月巴黎峰会上，科技大佬们认为人工智能将带来劳动力市场巨大变革，人人都能更有能力。但最新研究表明，人工智能可能不会缩小差距，反而会像以往技术革命一样，使优秀者更突出，加剧劳动力市场的分化。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“In a blog post, Sam Altman of OpenAI wrote that “In a decade perhaps everyone on earth will be capable of accomplishing more than the most impactful person can today.” Jensen Huang, chief executive of Nvidia, a chip designer, envisioned a future in which workers “are all going to be CEOs of AI agents.”(在一篇博文中。OpenAI的山姆・奥特曼写道：“十年后，也许地球上每个人都将有能力完成比当今最有影响力的人更多的事情”。芯片设计公司英伟达的首席执行官黄仁勋设想了一个未来，在这个未来里，员工“都将成为人工智能代理的首席执行官”)” 可推知，山姆・奥特曼和黄仁勋认为有了人工智能技术，所有员工都能变得有能力，甚至成为 “老板（类似首席执行官的角色）”故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“More recent findings have cast doubt on this vision, however. They instead suggest a future in which high-flyers fly still higher and the rest are left behind.(然而，最近的研究结果对此观点提出了质疑。相反，它们表明未来优秀者会更加优秀，而其他人则会被甩在后面)” 以及 “Rather than narrowing disparities, AI is likely to widen workforce divides(人工智能不太可能缩小____，反而可能扩大劳动力差距)”，结合前后文提到的优秀者与其他人差距会加大，可推测“disparities”与后文“divides(差距)”意思相近，意为“差异，差距”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In the scientific and academic institutes, armed with AI tool, top researchers nearly double the productivity while less effective researchers, by contrast, struggled to filter useful outputs from irrelevant ones.(在科研学术机构中，配备人工智能工具后，顶尖研究人员的生产力几乎翻倍，而相比之下，效率较低的研究人员则难以从无关内容中筛选出有用的成果)” 可知，很多人预测人工智能会加大差距是因为顶尖人才（表现最佳者）可能会借助人工智能提高生产力。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。文章先介绍科技巨头认为AI是“平衡器”，但研究表明AI更可能扩大社会差距（如高技能者更受益、低技能者被自动化取代）。D选项“AI 将扩大社会分化而非成为平衡器”概括全文核心矛盾，最适合作为文章的标题。故选D。 Passage 3 （2025·安徽A10联盟·二模） Whether or not robots can feel is a question. But what’s becoming increasingly clear, says Associate Professor Szu-chi Huang in Stanford University, is that robots do have the capacity to make humans feel. In the latest episode of If/Then: Business, Leadership, Society, Huang digs into the effect that robots can have, not just on our emotions, but on our behavior. Huang’s research shows that when people witness others being helpful towards others, they’re motivated to do the same. This is what she calls “pro-social” behavior. But she wondered: what happens when a robot is the one lending a helping hand? Are people inspired to follow the example of a machine? To find out, Huang designed a study where participants were shown various news reports about natural disasters and the measures being taken in response. In some stories, the “heroes” were humans; in others, they were robots. “In both cases, we explained in detail what those heroes were doing,” says Huang. Whether dragging survivors out of ruins after an earthquake or disinfecting (消毒) hospitals during a surging COVID-19 pandemic, “The actions are exactly the same, but the heroes are different.” Following test subjects’ exposure to these stories, Huang measured their willingness to engage in pro-social behavior, like donating to support children in need. What she found was those who saw robot heroes were significantly less likely to donate than those who saw humans taking the same actions. “The robot stories actually make people feel less inspired,” says Huang. “And that has important consequences. If using robots lowers our intention to help others, it could have a pretty big negative social impact.” So what do we do as AI and robots play an increasing role in our lives? How do we embrace their benefits without downgrading our humanity and pro-sociability in the process? Huang says if we want robots to be good for society, then we need to humanize them. 1．Which of the following best describes “pro-social” behavior? A．Helping others when they are in need. B．Becoming less motivated to help others. C．Copying the behavior of a robot. D．Avoiding social interaction with others. 2．What were the participants asked to do in the study? A．To review news reports. B．To respond to news reports. C．To observe robots working. D．To take an interview. 3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．People hate robots helping others. B．Robots will never be able to replace humans. C．People’s humanity will surely decline because of robots’ development. D．Humanizing robots is likely to make them more beneficial to society. 4．Which of the following could be the best title? A．Robots: Threats to Human Pro-social Behavior B．The Dilemma of Robots in Modern Society C．Humanizing Robots: A Solution to Social Problems D．Do Robots Inspire Human Pro-social Behavior? 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。斯坦福黄教授研究发现机器人助人反而削弱人类亲社会行为，提出将机器人人性化或有益社会。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Huang’s research shows that when people witness others being helpful towards others, they’re motivated to do the same. This is what she calls ‘pro-social’ behavior.(黄的研究表明，当人们看到别人帮助他人时，他们也有动力去做同样的事情。这就是她所说的 ‘亲社会’行为。)”可知，“亲社会”行为是在别人需要帮助时帮助他人。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“To find out, Huang designed a study where participants were shown various news reports about natural disasters and the measures being taken in response.(为了找出答案，黄设计了一项研究，让参与者观看各种关于自然灾害以及相应应对措施的新闻报道。)”可知，参与者被要求观看新闻报道。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So what do we do as AI and robots play an increasing role in our lives? How do we embrace their benefits without downgrading our humanity and pro-sociability in the process? Huang says if we want robots to be good for society, then we need to humanize them.(那么，当人工智能和机器人在我们的生活中扮演越来越重要的角色时，我们该怎么做呢？我们如何在不降低我们的人性和亲社会性的情况下接受它们的好处呢？黄说，如果我们希望机器人对社会有益，那么我们需要让它们人性化。)”可知，让机器人人性化可能会使它们对社会更有益。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了斯坦福大学黄教授的研究，研究机器人对人类亲社会行为的影响，看到机器人帮助他人，人们帮助他人的意图降低，最后提出如果想让机器人对社会有益，需要让它们人性化。所以D选项Do Robots Inspire Human Pro-social Behavior?(机器人会激发人类的亲社会行为吗？)符合语境。故选D。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2025·安徽合肥庐阳区·模拟） Even though it’s been more than 30 years, Miller still feels the grief over his stolen violin. In his senior year of high school, Miller’s family found their home ransacked (洗劫) after a trip abroad. Miller, who had been playing the violin since he was nine, went immediately to the hiding spot under his bed. “I looked. My instrument was gone. I looked again. It was gone,” he said. The stolen violin is one of many life experiences Miller drew upon to write his book, The Violin Conspiracy. It tells the story of McMillan, a gifted violinist whose family violin is stolen just before one of the world-class music competitions. Born in California, Miller was raised in Fayetteville, N. C．, and began playing the violin through a public school music program. For both Miller and his character McMillan, the violin was a means to get away from a difficult childhood and a ticket to college and a promising job. After graduating from college with a degree in music education, Miller has taught music to students from primary through high school for more than 20 years. Writing the book was a chance to celebrate Miller’s success and honor the people who helped him along the way. In the book, McMillan’s Grandma Nora — his first supporter — is named after Miller’s grandmother. And McMillan’s tutor Janice is based on Dr. Rachel Vetter Huang, Miller’s college teacher, whom he calls “a life-saving force.” The Violin Conspiracy has been praised for its lively descriptions. After it came on the market in 2022, thank-yous poured in. Miller heard from many Black musicians who said “This is a story that I’ve been carrying along as well. I experienced the exact same things McMillan has gone through in the story, and no one would believe me. Now it’s out there in the world to see.” 1．Why was Miller painful about his stolen violin? A．The violin was costly. B．The violin counted to him. C．He bought the violin from abroad. D．The violin was meant for a competition. 2．What can we know about Miller’s campus life? A．He once almost lost his life. B．He taught music in a college. C．He gained much support from his teacher. D．He launched a public school music program. 3．What message did these Black musicians want to express? A．They could relate to Miller’s work. B．They were worried about the coming life. C．The work helped them relived the financial pressure. D．They thanked him for exposing their former situation. 4．What is the text? A．A lesson plan. B．A news report. C．A children’s story. D．A book review. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章评论了米勒以自己的经历为蓝本创作的《小提琴阴谋》这本书，包括其创作背景、书中人物原型以及该书获得的反响。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段中“For both Miller and his character McMillan, the violin was a means to get away from a difficult childhood and a ticket to college and a promising job. (对米勒和他笔下的人物麦克米兰来说，小提琴是摆脱艰难童年的一种方式，也是进入大学和获得一份有前途工作的入场券)”可知，小提琴对米勒很重要，所以他因小提琴被盗而痛苦。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第五段中“And McMillan’s tutor Janice is based on Dr. Rachel Vetter Huang, Miller’s college teacher, whom he calls ‘a life saving force.’ (麦克米兰的导师珍妮丝是以米勒的大学老师雷切尔·维特·黄博士为原型的，米勒称她为‘救命稻草’)”可知，米勒在校园生活中从老师那里获得了很多支持。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Miller heard from many Black musicians who said ‘This is a story that I’ve been carrying along as well. I experienced the exact same things McMillan has gone through in the story, and no one would believe me. Now it’s out there in the world to see.’ (米勒收到了许多黑人音乐家的来信，他们说：‘这也是我一直以来的故事。我经历了和故事中麦克米兰完全一样的事情，但没有人会相信我。现在全世界都能看到了。’)”可知，这些黑人音乐家经历了和故事中麦克米兰完全一样的事情，表明他们与米勒的作品产生共鸣。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The stolen violin is one of many life experiences Miller drew upon to write his book, The Violin Conspiracy. (被盗的小提琴是米勒创作他的书《小提琴阴谋》所借鉴的众多生活经历之一)”以及后面围绕这本书介绍其内容、创作背景、人物原型和读者反馈等内容可知，文章主要是对《小提琴阴谋》这本书进行评价。所以本文是一篇书评。故选D项。 Passage 2 （2020·安徽宣城·二模） It’s true that quite a few most respected scientific authorities have confirmed that the world is becoming hotter and hotter. There’s also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming. Countless recent reports have proved the same thing. For instance, a 2010 summary about the climate science by the Royal Society noted that: “The global warming over the last half-century has been caused mainly by human activity.” You may not believe that humans could change the planet’s climate, but the basic science is well understood. Each year, billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activity. As has been known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket. Of course, the earth’s climate has always been changing due to “natural” factors such as volcanic eruption or changes in solar, or cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun. According to the scientific research, however, the warming observed by now matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere—not the warming we would expect from other possible causes. Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming recorded so far, that would give birth to a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it: “If some newly discovered factor is to blame for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?” The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths — one with human influence and one without. That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty. 1．The text is developed by ________. A．giving typical examples B．following the order of space C．comparing and finding differences D．analyzing a theory and arguing it 2．Which of the following statements is right according to the passage? A．Few scientific authorities have confirmed the existence of global warming. B．Greenhouse gases prevent heat in the atmosphere from escaping to space. C．Some new factors for the climate change have been discovered by scientists. D．Scientists are absolutely sure about the human influence on the earth’s climate. 3．The underline word “identical” in the last paragraph probably means ________. A．exactly the same B．totally different C．extremely important D．partly independent 4．Which of the following can be the best title? A．Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming? B．Are All the Scientists Really Scientific? C．Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to? D．What’s the Relation of Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases? 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 【分析】这是篇议论文。这是一篇关于全球气候变暖的文章，文章分析了导致全球变暖的各种原因，并指出人类活动因素是导致气候变暖的主要原因。但到目前为止，大多数科学家都小心翼翼，不把人类的影响说成是确定无疑的。 1．推理判断题。纵观全文，第一段提出人类活动因素是导致全球气候变暖的主要原因。接下来分析讨论为什么说人类活动可以导致气候变暖。即，文章是按提出理论，再分析原因的方式展开的。C. analyzing a theory and arguing it (分析理论并进行辩论)符合以上说法，故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段Each year, billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activity. As has been known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket（由于人类活动，每年有数十亿吨的温室气体被排放到大气中。多年来我们都知道，这些气体保存着热量，否则热量就会逃逸到太空，将地球包裹在一张看不见的毯子里）可知，温室气体阻止大气中的热量散发到太空。故选B项。 3．词义猜测题。根据倒数最后一段The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths — one with human influence and one without. That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human（要百分百证明人类对全球变暖负有责任，唯一的办法就是在两个完全相同的地球上进行实验——一个有人类的影响，另一个没有。这显然是不可能的，所以大多数科学家都小心翼翼地避免提到人类）可知，如果要分析是否是人类造成的影响需要有两个完全条件一致的实验，一个有人类活动的地球，一个是没有人类活动的地球，对两个实验进行参照性的比较，显然这是不可能的，所以“identical”的意思是完全一样的。A. exactly the same 完全一样；B. totally different 完全不同；C. extremely important 十分重要；D. partly independent在一定程度上独立。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其最后一段的The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths — one with human influence and one without. That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.(要百分百证明人类应该对气候变暖负责，唯一的方法就是在两个完全相同的地球上进行实验——一个由人类影响，一个没有。这显然是不可能的，所以大多数科学家都小心翼翼地不把人类的影响说成是绝对肯定的)可知，文章分析了导致全球变暖的各种原因，并指出人类活动因素是导致气候变暖的主要原因，但到目前为止，大多数科学家都小心翼翼，不把人类的影响说成是确定无疑的。故选A项。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （2025·安徽黄山·模拟） Look through the pages of a business magazine or walk through an airport or train station and you’re likely to be surrounded with advertising from companies claiming to have gone green. Go to a grocery store and you’ll see everything from laundry washing powder to yogurt claiming to be net zero (净零排放). Unfortunately, this isn’t always the case. Painting a rosy picture of going green won’t actually work. This is why the United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres decided to blow the whistle and call on corporations to start walking the talk on their net-zero promises — which would require immediate action to cut greenhouse gas emissions as close to zero as possible. The Secretary-General is clear: “We cannot afford slow movers, fake movers or any form of greenwashing.” But why is greenwashing so bad? In part because the risks are so high. It’s not just false advertising: fake net zero claims drive up the cost that ultimately everyone will have to pay in order to stop climate change. Greenwashing also fuels public disbelief about climate issues and damages one of the few mechanisms we have to coordinate (协调) global action. To restore honesty to net zero commitment, the Secretary-General established a global task force of 17 experts to look closely at the standards, definitions and criteria surrounding them. The report, called “Integrity Matters”, sets out what it means to make a net zero promise. Once in effect, the criteria clarify what does and doesn’t count towards a net zero goal as well as what is plainly disqualifying. This means that we can know the company’s overall emissions are going down instead of buying cheap low quality credit in a short period of time. We also want companies to publicly and transparently disclose real progress they are or aren’t making to reduce their emissions. Work is underway to develop a credible, comprehensive public online database that we can check to see the progress a company is or isn’t making to reduce its emission. Today, we need a series of interconnected and dynamic moves for net zero goals. As Canada’s Minster of Environment and Climate Change, I saw the power of business, financial institutions, cities and regions to help accelerate positive change. 1．Why does the author list net zero claims in paragraph 1? A．To advertise green products. B．To present a phenomenon. C．To propose a suggestion. D．To criticize net zero. 2．Which of the following can best describe greenwashing? A．It advocates maintaining a positive lifestyle by walking. B．It is devoted to developing sustainable and green products. C．It dampens public enthusiasm for buying high quality goods. D．It is an act to offer misleading claims about cutting emissions. 3．What can we learn about Integrity Matters from the text? A．It can offer specific guidelines on environmental promise. B．It forces companies to declare their progress in going green. C．It has addressed public’s concerns over net zero promise. D．It may disqualify consumers to buy green products. 4．What might the author continue talking about? A．Examples of combined green efforts. B．Benefits of ensuring a sustainable planet. C．Rewards for genuine green action. D．Great influences of Integrity Matters. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了“漂绿”现象，即公司虚假宣传其环保或零排放承诺的行为。作者解释了漂绿的危害、介绍为恢复零排放承诺的诚实性所采取的措施，以及强调公开透明披露减排进展的重要性，并论述了漂绿问题的严重性和应对方法。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Look through the pages of a business magazine or walk through an airport or train station and you’re likely to be surrounded with advertising from companies claiming to have gone green. Go to a grocery store and you’ll see everything from laundry washing powder to yogurt claiming to be net zero(净零排放).(翻阅一本商业杂志，或者走过一个机场或火车站，你很可能会被那些宣称已实现绿色发展的公司的广告所包围。走进一家杂货店，你会看到从洗衣粉到酸奶等各种商品都宣称实现了净零排放。)”可推测，作者列举在商业杂志、机场、火车站以及杂货店看到的各种产品宣称净零排放的情况，是为了呈现出当前社会上存在很多公司宣称实现绿色发展、净零排放这样一个现象。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“This is why the United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres decided to blow the whistle and call on corporations to start walking the talk on their net-zero promises — which would require immediate action to cut greenhouse gas emissions as close to zero as possible. The Secretary-General is clear: “We cannot afford slow movers, fake movers or any form of greenwashing.”(这就是为什么联合国秘书长Antonio Guterres决定揭露真相，并呼吁各公司开始兑现其净零排放的承诺——这将需要立即采取行动，尽可能将温室气体排放削减至接近零。秘书长明确表示：“我们容不得行动迟缓者、虚假行动者，以及任何形式的漂绿行为。”)”可知，漂绿指的是一些公司只是宣称自己实现了净零排放等绿色目标，但实际上并没有采取真正的行动去切实减少温室气体排放，是一种提供关于减排的误导性宣称的行为。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“To restore honesty to net zero commitment, the Secretary-General established a global task force of 17 experts to look closely at the standards, definitions and criteria surrounding them. The report, called “Integrity Matters”, sets out what it means to make a net zero promise. Once in effect, the criteria clarify what does and doesn’t count towards a net zero goal as well as what is plainly disqualifying.(为了恢复净零排放承诺的诚信度，秘书长成立了一个由17名专家组成的全球特别工作组，以仔细研究围绕净零排放的标准、定义和准则。这份名为《诚信至关重要》的报告阐述了做出净零排放承诺意味着什么。一旦这些准则生效，它们将明确哪些因素可以计入净零排放目标，哪些不能计入，以及哪些因素显然不符合要求。)”可知，《诚信至关重要》这份报告是为了恢复对净零排放承诺的诚信度，它明确了做出净零排放承诺的意义，并且一旦生效，其中的标准会阐明哪些能计入净零排放目标，哪些不能计入，以及哪些明显不符合要求，也就是它可以为有关环境承诺提供具体的指导方针。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“As Canada’s Minster of Environment and Climate Change, I saw the power of business, financial institutions, cities and regions to help accelerate positive change.(作为加拿大环境与气候变化部长，我见证了企业、金融机构、城市和地区在助力加速积极变革方面的力量。)”可知，作者看到了企业、金融机构、城市和地区在加速积极变化方面的力量，由此可推测接下来作者可能会列举一些各方共同努力实现绿色目标的例子。故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $