Unit 7 课时3 语法 -【宝典训练】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语高效课堂（沪教版·新教材）

英语·八年级·下册（沪教版） 课时3语法 课时笔己 过去进行时的用法 1.基本含义 表示过去某个特定时间点或时间段内正在进行的动作。 例句：We were waiting for instructions from ground control..我们当时正在等待地面控制中心的指令。 2.构成形式 肯定句：was/were+动词-ing 第一、三人称单数：was+动词-ing 第二人称单复数/第一、三人称复数：were+动词-ing 否定句：was/were+not+动词-ing(可缩写为wasn't/weren't) 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+动词-ing+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答：No,主语+wasn't/weren't. 3.常见用法场景 (1)强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行 例句：At eight o'clock last night,I was sleeping.昨晚八，点我正在睡觉。 (2)描述过去背景动作 用来铺垫故事发生的场景，说明一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作突然发生。 (3)表达过去同时进行的两个动作 常用while连接两个过去进行时的句子。 While we were travelling into space,ground control was following us closely. 我们在飞往太空时，地面控制中心正在密切追踪着我们。 【现在分词(doing)构成规则】 ●规则变化 1.一般情况：直接在动词后加-ing 例：work→working(工作)、wait→waiting(等待)、float-→floating(漂浮)、exercise-→exercising(锻炼) 2.以不发音的字母e结尾：去e+-ing 注意：发音的e结尾（如be/see)直接加-ing,不发音e才去e 例：make→making(做)、take→taking(乘坐)、adjust-→adjusting(适应)、practise-→practising(练习) 3.以重读闭音节结尾，且结构为“辅+元+辅”：双写末尾辅音字母+-ig 关键：重读闭音节（最后一个音节重读）+末尾只有一个辅音字母（中间一个元音，前后各一个 辅音) ●>168<0 Unit 7 Space exploration 例：run→running(跑)、hit-→hitting(撞)、stop→stopping(阻止)、fit→fitting(适应) 本课拓展：begin-→beginning(开始)、forget-→forgetting(忘记)） 4.以字母组合ie结尾：变ie为y+-ing 例：lie→lying(躺)、die→dying(死亡)、tie→tying(系) ●高频易错提醒 be→being(是)、play→playing(玩)、rest/help一→resting/helping(休息，帮助) travel-→travelling(旅行)、get→getting(进人)、look→looking(看)、 track→tracking(追踪)、prepare-→preparing(准备) 业 ●根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。 1.昨天晚上八点，我正在听播客学习太空知识。 At eight o'clock last night,I to a podcast to learn about space. 2.当宇宙飞船在进入轨道时，宇航员们感到一阵眩晕。 The astronauts felt dizzy while the spaceship into orbit. 3.你刚才在找你的太空模型吗？我在沙发上看到了它。 you for your space model just now?I saw it on the sofa 4.当地面控制中心正在追踪卫星时，它们意外相撞了。 While ground control the satellites,they crashed into each other by accident 5.昨天这个时候，我们正在为太空主题的英语周做准备。 We for the space-themed English Week at this time yesterday. 已用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.The spaceship (take)off in ten minutes,so we are all waiting for the signal now. 2.When I got to the space museum,the guide （show）the visitors around the exhibition hall. 3.The astronauts tell)to do exercise every day to keep healthy in space so far. 4.It only (take)the spaceship about 10 minutes to get into orbit last week. 5.In space,even small mistakes make),or they could lead to serious accidents. 6.It turns out that (eat)in space is not as difficult as we thought. 7.If we don't exercise enough in space,we become)very weak when we return to the Earth 8.The little boy is interested in (learn)about space junk and its harm to the Earth. 9.This special equipment use)to slow down the muscle loss of astronauts in space now. 10.He forgot (take)his space book when he left the classroom this morning ●>169《● 英语·八年级·下册（沪教版） 白阅读理解。 The Moon is attracting much attention these days as NASA is ready to send space rockets there and preparing for more to follow.The mission's objectives are clear:to create a long-lasting base on its surface and prepare to go to Mars one day What's the next great move in humans'quest for the secrets of the universe?When it comes to the near future scientific research in space,there are a few areas in the solar system that will receive some special attention First of all,there's Venus,a planet which was like a paradise to humans with oceans and a pleasant atmosphere.However,something went terribly wrong there a few billion years ago,and NASA has scheduled a series of missions to explore what exactly is going on there. At the other end of the solar system are the gas planets.Several of the satellites of Jupiter and Saturn are covered in thick sheets of ice,and underneath the ice are oceans of liquid water.NASA has missions planned to investigate those mysterious worlds,hunting for any sign of possible life hidden deep within. As for us humans,Mars is certainly the grand prize in the coming decades.If we have enough money for the trips,we can perhaps keep astronauts working and studying on the surface of Mars for quite a long time. The other planets in our solar system are not so suitable for people to settle on.For example,Mercury is too close to the Sun and too far away from the Earth. In the coming decades,humans expect to see a rise of "space hotels"set up for visiting tourists and scientific explorations.Because of our current level of technology,it is not very practical to turn the space rock into a place suitable for humans.But it may be the next easiest thing to achieve after going to the Moon and Mars. ( )1.Why does the author mention the Moon in the first paragraph? A.To introduce the space station on the Moon. B.To highlight the difficulty of going to the Moon C.To explain the relationship between the Moon and Mars. D.To show the Moon's important role in space exploration ( )2.What does the underlined word "quest"in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Love. B.Achievement. C.Difficulty D.Exploration. )3.What's the purpose of exploring Venus,Jupiter and Saturn? A.To find new locations for space hotels. B.To search for potential life and possible living places C.To compete with other countries in space exploration. D.To prepare for the construction of a new space station. ●>170《0 Unit 7 Space exploration )4.Why is Mars considered as the "grand prize"for humans? A.Because Mars is three times bigger than the Earth. B.Because it's far from the Earth and close to the Sun. C.Because people might be able to live and work there. D.Because there are enough resources to help humans develop. )5.What is the author's attitude towards future space exploration? A.Surprised. B.Positive. C.Negative. D.Indifferent(漠不关心的). 四语法填空。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Albert Einstein once said,"I have no special talents.I am only curious."The greatest inventions in history would be 1. (possible)without curiosity. Curiosity can bring new inventions.Benjamin Franklin is a great example.He wanted to understand electricity（电)2. correct),so he flew a kite during a storm.His curiosity led him to invent the lightning rod(避雷针).It protected buildings from3. (get)hit by lightning. Curiosity can also make people brave.Just look at Wan Hu,the Ming dynasty pioneer (of space exploration(探索).He invented a“flying chair”.While he4. record)what happened,the flying chair with fireworks suddenly blew up.He 5. (lose)his life,but thanks to him,future explorers got new ideas.People learnt from his example and created even 6. (safe) ways to explore space. But curiosity is more than just taking risks.It also 7. (drive)people towards certain goals.Zhang Heng,a Chinese scientist and 8. (invent),was curious about the world.He wondered if the movements of stars and planets followed certain patterns.It took him years 9. (study)the sky and the Earth.Finally,he invented the earthquake detector（地动仪). As Jacques said,"What's a scientist after all?It's a curious man looking through the keyhole of nature,trying to find out the 10. (true)."Curiosity is the key. 错词抄写： ●>171《07.(1)to join (2)selection (3)selected 8.(1)to serve (2)serves (3)service 9.(1)delivers (2)to (3)delivered 10.(1)average (2)above (3)On 〔课时作业月 一、1.satellites 2.afforded 3.mistakes 4.destruction 5.supplies 6.selection 7.service 8.delivery 9.averagely 10.probably 二、l.to waste 2.mistakes 3.destruction 4.probable 5.to join 6.serves 7.delivered 8.doing 9.selection 10.probability 三、l.will take off 2.for a while 3.turned out 4.cannot afford to 5.by mistake 四、1-5 ABCBA 6-10 AABAC 课时2阅读 【课时笔记月 1.take off in ten minutes to finish 2.for a while reached 3.It turns out that turns 4.can't afford to make any mistakes to waste 5.by mistake falling 6.daily routine daily 7.slow down will become 〔课时作业月 一、1.take off 2.for a while 3.turn out 4.can't afford to 5.by mistake 6.daily routine 7.get into orbit 8.slow down 9.stop sb.from doing sth.10.float around 11.make mistakes 12.space station 13.ground control 14.muscle loss 15.return to the Earth 二、l.took to get 2.for a while 3.turns out 4.can't afford to make 5.floating around by mistake 6.daily routine 7.slow down muscle loss 三、1.a 2.However 3.for 4.pleasure 5.harder 6.mistakes 7.my 8.floating 9.daily 10.will be 四、1-5 BDCDD 课时3 语法 【课时作业月 一、l.was listening 2.was getting 参考苔案 3.Were looking 4.was tracking 5.were preparing 二、l.will take 2.was showing 3.have been told 4.took 5.cannot be made 6.eating 7.will become 8.learning 9.is being used 10.to take 三、1一5 DDBCB 四、l.impossible 2.correctly 3.getting 4.was recording 5.lost 6.safer 7.drives 8.inventor 9.to study 10.truth 课时4听说 (听说训练月 一、略 二、l.At about10o'clock. 2.A UFO and several aliens. 3.Alex. 4.Science. 5.To the playground. 6.A pianist. 7.Some kinds of animals on Earth. 8.Yes,he does. 9.No one 10.The Great Wall 三、 11.The story happened last Sunday afternoon.Steven was walking in the street when he suddenly saw something moving and shining in the sky.It was a UFO.The UFO stopped on the ground and an alien came out.They became friends soon and played happily.Several hours later,the alien must go back.Then he got on the UFO. They said goodbye to each other. 12.Were you frightened /afraid when you saw the alien? 13.Since you didn't understand each other's language,how did you communicate with each other? (课时作业月 一、l.made great progress space exploration 2.space junk space missions 3.surface temperature impossible 4.solve the problem man-made objects 5.it's very likely that 二、1-5 CBDCA 6-10 CBCCB 课时5写作 〔课时作业 My Most Admired Chinese Astronaut Among all the Chinese astronauts,I admire Wang