Unit 7 单元检测（深圳专用）-八年级英语下册单元高效复习必备（新教材沪教版）

Unit 7 Space exploration 单元检测（深圳专用） 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为75分，考试时间为70分钟。 第一部分选择题（50分） I. 完形填空 （10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 10 小题, 每小题1分） Space exploration has always been humanity’s exciting adventure, pushing us to unlock the universe’s secrets. In 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite. This event 1______ the start of the space age and inspired global interest in exploring the stars. Just four years later, Yuri Gagarin became the first human to orbit Earth, proving space travel was a 2__________ achievement. The Apollo 11 mission in 1969 was unforgettable. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin stepped onto the moon, a success from years of teamwork and perseverance. It showed humans can overcome great 3_________. Today, the International Space Station (ISS) is a global lab. Astronauts from 4_______countries live there, doing experiments on weightlessness. These studies have led to new technologies that benefit life on Earth 5_______. Exploring Mars is another key goal. Rovers like Perseverance 6__________its surface, searching for water and signs of life. They send back 7________ data, bringing us closer to answering: Are we alone? Private companies now help people be able to 8________ space travel by developing reusable rockets to cut costs. This once major barrier is fading, opening space to more people. Space exploration inspires young people to pursue science careers. It teaches us to be curious and brave enough to 9_________the unknown. As we look ahead, we may build moon bases or send humans to Mars. The journey will be hard, but the reward — understanding our place in the universe—are worth it. Let us never stop looking up at the stars and ___10____ exploring the universe. And we should always remember that teamwork and courage are key to success in space. 1. A. marked B. changed C. stopped D. avoided 2. A. possible B. impossible C. difficult D. boring 3. A. challenges B. supplies C. mission D. creation 4. A. single B. same C. diferent D. separate 5. A. directly B. indirectly C. suddenly D. rarely 6. A. cover B. protect C. explore D. build 7. A. common B. educational C. interesting D. valuable 8. A. affect B. afford C. provide D. offer 9. A. fear B. avoid C. explore D. ignore 10. A. dreaming of B. thinking of C. hearing of D. talking of II阅读理解 （40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选山最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 15 小题, 每小题2分） A Waving her 5-year-old daughter goodbye, Wang Yaping, together with Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu, went into space aboard the Shenzhou XIII on October 16. The 41-year-old Wang became the first female astronaut to enter Tiangong space station. During their six-month stay, Wang, along with Zhai and Ye, did experiments and set up robotic arms. Wang also did the first spacewalk as a Chinese woman, reported Xinhua. Wang’s space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. After flying for 1,600 hours over nine years safely, Wang became an astronaut in 2010. She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men. “The space environment won’t change because you are a woman.” she told Xinhua. The hardest part is the high-G training. Sitting in a spinning (旋转的) machine, Wang would become blind for a while because her brain was short of blood. “There’s a red button,” said Wang. “If you can’t go on, you can press it to stop.” But Wang never used it. “There is no such red button in my heart.” That strong spirit finally led to realizing her dream in 2013. She joined the team for the Shenzhou X mission. Wang said that as astronauts, women have their own advantages. “Women seem to be more patient and can better deal with loneliness. Women’s hearts are also easier to get used to the weightless environment, making them more suitable for long-term missions.” Old NASA astronaut Catherine Coleman sent a greeting to Wang before the Shenzhou XIII trip. Coleman said, “When you look out the window and see the stars and the Earth, billions of women will be looking out that window with you.” Wang carries the spirit of every young woman who dreams of something big. 11. What does Wang’s words mean in Paragraph 2? A. The space environment is not easy to change. B. Both male and female astronauts can go to space. C. It’s harder for a woman to live in space than a man. D. Men and women will face the same difficulties in space. 12. Why didn’t Wang press the red button? A. Because it was dangerous. B. Because she became blind. C. Because she wanted to try her best. D. Because her brain was short of blood. 13. Which of the following best describes Wang Yaping according to the passage? A. Clever. B. Hard-working. C. Friendly. D. Warm-hearted. 14. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To praise Wang for setting an example for women. B. To show how lucky Wang is to see the planet we live on. C. To suggest Wang will invite other women to be with her. D. To tell that Wang helps many women realize their dreams. 15. What advantage do women have in long-term space missions? A. They have stronger bodies. B. They are less patient. C. They get used to weightlessness more easily. D. They need less training. B The strangeness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples. First, consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny ballet dancer. “I’m an inside guy,” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be wrapped up.” On the station, the common thing becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars (车把). It also has no seat. In zero gravity, it’s just easy to ride violently (猛烈地). You can watch a film while you ride by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But astronauts have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate (循环) air, the carbon dioxide you breathe in has a tendency to form an invisible (隐形的) cloud around your head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache. Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat, “Your inner ear thinks you’re falling. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you’re standing straight. That can be annoying—that’s why some people feel sick.” Within a couple of days—truly terrible days for some—astronauts’ brains learn to ignore (忽略) the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears. Space travel can be so pleasing but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For example, astronauts lose bone mass. That’s why exercise is considered so important that National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) puts it right on the workday schedule (日程). The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronaut healthy. NASA is worried about two things: recovery time once astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain (保持) strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars. 16. Which of the following should astronauts consider while sleeping in space? A. The temperature around them. B. The size and shape of a sleeping bag. C. The choice of a suitable sleep position. D. The place where the sleeping bag should be put. 17. What can we do in zero gravity? A. We can dance with our partner easily. B. It is hard to ride the exercise bikes. C. We should stay in the same place for long. D. We can watch a film while we ride. 18. Why does gravity help to prevent us from getting a carbon-dioxide headache? A. Because gravity makes an invisible cloud. B. Because gravity helps circulate air. C. Because gravity forms the carbon dioxide. D. Because gravity can cure the illness. 19. What is NASA’s main concern (担忧) about the astronauts? A. How much money they would be paid on the station. B. How they can keep healthy for long in space. C. If they are strong enough to return home. D. In what ways they exercise in space. 20. What does the writer think of the life in space? A. Strange. B. Funny. C. Peaceful. D. Healthy. C The Benefits of Space Exploration for Life on Earth Many people wonder why we spend billions of dollars on space exploration when there are problems on Earth that need solving. However, space exploration has brought numerous benefits to our daily lives that we may not even realize. One of the most significant benefits is technological innovation. The challenges of space travel have led to the development of new technologies that are now used in medicine, transportation, and communication. For example, lightweight materials developed for spacecraft are now used in airplanes and cars, making them more fuel-efficient. Miniaturized sensors created for space probes are used in medical devices like heart monitors, helping doctors diagnose diseases more accurately. Space exploration also helps us understand our own planet better. Satellites launched into space monitor Earth’s weather patterns, climate change, and natural disasters. This data allows scientists to predict hurricanes, earthquakes, and floods, helping people prepare and reduce damage. Satellites also track deforestation and pollution, providing valuable information for environmental protection. Another benefit is the inspiration it provides. The achievements of space missions, such as landing on the Moon or exploring Mars, inspire people of all ages to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, and math. This leads to a more educated workforce that can solve complex problems on Earth. Space exploration also promotes international cooperation, as countries work together on projects like the International Space Station. This cooperation helps build friendships and understanding between nations. While space exploration does cost a lot of money, the benefits it brings to Earth are undeniable. It improves our quality of life through new technologies, helps us protect our planet, and inspires future generations. As we continue to explore the universe, we can expect even more innovations and discoveries that will benefit humanity. 21. What is one technological innovation from space exploration used in medicine? A.Fuel-efficient cars. B. Heart monitors with miniaturized sensors. C. Weather-tracking satellites. D. Lightweight airplane materials. 22. How do satellites help protect Earth? A.They predict natural disasters and track pollution. B. They clean up space debris. C. They transport resources from space to Earth. D. They build solar power plants in space. 23. What is another benefit of space exploration mentioned in the passage? A. It reduces poverty on Earth. B. It creates more jobs in space tourism. C. It inspires people to pursue STEM careers. D. It makes space travel affordable for everyone. 24. Why do some people question space exploration? A. It is not as interesting as other scientific fields. B. It costs a lot of money. C. It has no benefits for Earth. D. It is too dangerous for astronauts. 25. What is the main idea of the passage? A.Space exploration is too expensive to continue. B. Space exploration has many benefits for life on Earth. C. Satellites are the most important part of space exploration. D. International cooperation is necessary for space missions. 第二节 短文填空 以下是一则短文, 请阅读短文, 并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中, 使原文的意思完整、连贯。并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共5 小题, 每小题1分） Every morning you get up, wash your face, brush your teeth, eat breakfast and get ready for your day. These daily actions are so common that you don’t think about them much. But what if you were in space? There is no gravity there, so weights are not as heavy as they are on Earth. When you drop something, it doesn’t fall to the floor. 26 . This means that astronauts can’t just put down a tool. They need to tie it down. And how do astronauts drink? In space, water just breaks into small drops and hangs in the air. 27 . They have special plates so that their food doesn’t float away. They use special bags for drinks so that the drink stays inside. Sleep is also different in space. Astronauts tie themselves to the wall so that they don’t float around when they are sleeping. Since they have to work hard, they need to get plenty of rest. The sun rises and sets so often that it can be confusing. 28 . Exercise is important for astronauts as well. Since there is no gravity, astronauts float instead of walking or running. 29 . They have to exercise on special machines every day so that this doesn’t happen. No one wants to become ill in space, so exercise helps them stay healthy. However, it is not all hard work in space. When they are not doing science experiments, writing reports or exercising, there is a little time for fun. 30 . The astronauts on the International Space Station can even connect to the Internet. A. It floats slowly in the air B. Their muscles become weak very quickly C. Well, astronauts eat and drink differently in space D. The astronauts have alarms and sometimes music to wake them up E. The International Space Station has a big gym for astronauts to keep fit F. They watch movies, read the news and call family members and friends 第三节 信息匹配（共 5小题, 每小题1分） 下面的材料A~F介绍了六个不同的主题展厅。请根据Jack, Mary, Lucy, Henry, David的兴趣爱好，为其推荐合适的展厅。 31 Jack is interested in spaceships. He has just read some stories about Shenzhou-21 from the Internet. He hopes to know more about spaceships. 32 Mary likes watching stars at night. She has already learnt something about the Galaxy from the geography classes. She wants to know more. 33 Lucy is interested in everything about the earth. She is doing a school project about it. She needs more information. 34 Henry loves different robots very much. He wants to be a scientist to study robots in the future. 35 David wants to be an astronaut when he grows up. He has always imagined travelling to the space and living there. A Robots Through TimeThis hall shows all kinds of robots. You can learn about how robots have developed from early models to modern machines. B Our Solar System Learn about the parts of our solar system here. You can also find out how scientists first found and studied the planets. C Inside Spaceships See detailed models and pictures of different spaceships. You can get more information about every part of a spaceship here, like how it is made and what it does. D Life in Space How do astronauts fly to the space and live there? What is the environment like in the space? Find all the answers in this hall. E Stars and the Galaxy See a real view of stars and learn more about the Milky Way. It’s a great place for anyone who loves looking at the night sky. F Our Home Planet Learn about Earth—the planet we live on. Through pictures and videos, you can explore its environment and place in space. 第二部分 非选择题（25分） III. 语法填空（10分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Chinese commercial spaceflight (商业航天) company announced a piece of news on January 22, 2026. The Chinese actor Huang Jingyu had been confirmed as 36 (it) No.009 space tourist. According to a report by the Beijing News, Huang is expected to fly on Interstellar One (CYZ-1), China’s first commercial spacecraft. This special journey is planned for 2028. And the ticket 37 this amazing experience costs 3 million yuan. Although the price is 38 (real) high, many people from different jobs, like scientists and engineers, have signed up (报名) for the journey. The CYZ-1 team says more than three spacecraft have already been reserved, involving (涉及) over 20 space tourists in all. Moreover, the spacecraft ___39____（design）with a modern life-support system. Without it, the tourists might take a risk of losing their 40 (life). Huang Jingyu was looking forward to sitting on the Chinese-made spaceship and feeling the wonder of being in space. He 41 (say) he took pride in joining the project. This commercial space travel that is a new thing in China must offer a fresh way for people 42 (explore) space. ____43____ news is being discussed heatedly online these days. Some think it’s one of 44 (amazing) ideas, while others can’t stop worrying about the safety of this high-risk trip. Anyway, this project not only marks a big step for China’s commercial space industry, 45 also may encourage more people’s interest in space. Do you think so? 第四节、书面表达（15分） 想象一下，如果你成为一名宇航员，你的第一次太空任务会是什么样子的？请以"If I Were an Astronaut"为题，写一篇短文。 任务名称: 你的第一次太空任务叫什么？ 任务目标: 去太空做什么？（科学实验、空间站维护等） 出发准备: 发射前的训练和准备 太空经历: 在太空中看到、感受到什么？ 工作内容: 在太空中完成了什么工作？ 返回地球: 回到地球后的感受和收获 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Space exploration 单元检测（深圳专用） 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为75分，考试时间为70分钟。 第一部分选择题（50分） I. 完形填空 （10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 10 小题, 每小题1分） Space exploration has always been humanity’s exciting adventure, pushing us to unlock the universe’s secrets. In 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite. This event 1______ the start of the space age and inspired global interest in exploring the stars. Just four years later, Yuri Gagarin became the first human to orbit Earth, proving space travel was a 2__________ achievement. The Apollo 11 mission in 1969 was unforgettable. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin stepped onto the moon, a success from years of teamwork and perseverance. It showed humans can overcome great 3_________. Today, the International Space Station (ISS) is a global lab. Astronauts from 4_______countries live there, doing experiments on weightlessness. These studies have led to new technologies that benefit life on Earth 5_______. Exploring Mars is another key goal. Rovers like Perseverance 6__________its surface, searching for water and signs of life. They send back 7________ data, bringing us closer to answering: Are we alone? Private companies now help people be able to 8________ space travel by developing reusable rockets to cut costs. This once major barrier is fading, opening space to more people. Space exploration inspires young people to pursue science careers. It teaches us to be curious and brave enough to 9_________the unknown. As we look ahead, we may build moon bases or send humans to Mars. The journey will be hard, but the reward — understanding our place in the universe—are worth it. Let us never stop looking up at the stars and ___10____ exploring the universe. And we should always remember that teamwork and courage are key to success in space. 1. A. marked B. changed C. stopped D. avoided 2. A. possible B. impossible C. difficult D. boring 3. A. challenges B. supplies C. mission D. creation 4. A. single B. same C. diferent D. separate 5. A. directly B. indirectly C. suddenly D. rarely 6. A. cover B. protect C. explore D. build 7. A. common B. educational C. interesting D. valuable 8. A. affect B. afford C. provide D. offer 9. A. fear B. avoid C. explore D. ignore 10. A. dreaming of B. thinking of C. hearing of D. talking of 【答案】1.A 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.C 10.A 【解析】介绍人类太空探索的发展历程：从第一颗人造卫星、人类首次绕地飞行、阿波罗登月，到国际空间站、火星探测；再到私营公司降低太空旅行成本，激励人们探索未知、心怀航天梦想，点明合作与勇气是太空探索成功的关键。 1.A 句意：这一事件标志着太空时代的开端，激发了全球探索星空的兴趣。 mark 标志；change 改变；stop 停止；avoid 避免。发射首颗人造卫星是太空时代的标志性事件，只有 marked 符合语境。 2.A 句意：加加林成为首位绕地球飞行的人类，证明太空旅行是一项可行的成就。 possible 可行的、可能的；impossible 不可能的；difficult 困难的；boring 无聊的。人类成功进入太空，证实这件事可以实现，选 possible。 3.A 句意：这表明人类能够战胜巨大的挑战。 challenges 挑战；supplies 物资；mission 任务；creation 创造。登月历经多年团队合作与坚持，是克服重重困难与挑战，选 challenges。 4.C 句意：来自不同国家的宇航员驻守国际空间站，开展失重实验。 single 单一的；same 相同的；different 不同的；separate 单独的。国际空间站是多国合作项目，宇航员来自各国，选 different。 5.B 句意：这些研究催生了新技术，间接地造福地球上的生活。 directly 直接地；indirectly 间接地；suddenly 突然地；rarely 很少地。太空科研成果转化后惠及日常生活，属于间接受益，选 indirectly。 6.C 句意：像 “毅力号” 这样的火星车探测火星地表，寻找水源和生命迹象。 cover 覆盖；protect 保护；explore 探测、探索；build 建造。火星车的任务是探测探索火星环境，选 explore。 7.D 句意：它们发回有价值的数据，帮我们逐步解开宇宙谜题。 common 普通的；educational 有教育意义的；interesting 有趣的；valuable 有价值的。探测传回的科研数据极具研究价值，选 valuable。 8.B 句意：私营公司研发可回收火箭降低成本，帮助人们能够负担得起太空旅行。 affect 影响；afford 负担得起；provide 提供；offer 主动给予。afford 侧重经济上负担得起，贴合降价后普通人可参与太空旅行的语境。 9.C 句意：它教会我们保持好奇心，勇敢去探索未知事物。 fear 害怕；avoid 回避；explore 探索；ignore 忽视。文章主题是太空探索，倡导勇敢探索未知领域，选 explore。 10.A 句意：让我们永远不要停止仰望星空，梦想着探索宇宙。 dreaming of 梦想；thinking of 想到；hearing of 听说；talking of 谈论。贴合全文心怀航天梦想、憧憬探索宇宙的主旨，选 dreaming of。 II阅读理解 （40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选山最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 15 小题, 每小题2分） A Waving her 5-year-old daughter goodbye, Wang Yaping, together with Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu, went into space aboard the Shenzhou XIII on October 16. The 41-year-old Wang became the first female astronaut to enter Tiangong space station. During their six-month stay, Wang, along with Zhai and Ye, did experiments and set up robotic arms. Wang also did the first spacewalk as a Chinese woman, reported Xinhua. Wang’s space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. After flying for 1,600 hours over nine years safely, Wang became an astronaut in 2010. She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men. “The space environment won’t change because you are a woman.” she told Xinhua. The hardest part is the high-G training. Sitting in a spinning (旋转的) machine, Wang would become blind for a while because her brain was short of blood. “There’s a red button,” said Wang. “If you can’t go on, you can press it to stop.” But Wang never used it. “There is no such red button in my heart.” That strong spirit finally led to realizing her dream in 2013. She joined the team for the Shenzhou X mission. Wang said that as astronauts, women have their own advantages. “Women seem to be more patient and can better deal with loneliness. Women’s hearts are also easier to get used to the weightless environment, making them more suitable for long-term missions.” Old NASA astronaut Catherine Coleman sent a greeting to Wang before the Shenzhou XIII trip. Coleman said, “When you look out the window and see the stars and the Earth, billions of women will be looking out that window with you.” Wang carries the spirit of every young woman who dreams of something big. 11. What does Wang’s words mean in Paragraph 2? A. The space environment is not easy to change. B. Both male and female astronauts can go to space. C. It’s harder for a woman to live in space than a man. D. Men and women will face the same difficulties in space. 12. Why didn’t Wang press the red button? A. Because it was dangerous. B. Because she became blind. C. Because she wanted to try her best. D. Because her brain was short of blood. 13. Which of the following best describes Wang Yaping according to the passage? A. Clever. B. Hard-working. C. Friendly. D. Warm-hearted. 14. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To praise Wang for setting an example for women. B. To show how lucky Wang is to see the planet we live on. C. To suggest Wang will invite other women to be with her. D. To tell that Wang helps many women realize their dreams. 15. What advantage do women have in long-term space missions? A. They have stronger bodies. B. They are less patient. C. They get used to weightlessness more easily. D. They need less training. 【答案】11. D 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了王亚平成为中国首位进入天宫空间站的女宇航员的相关事迹，包括她的太空梦起源、训练过程、自身优势等。 11. 第二段提到王亚平说“The space environment won’t change because you are a woman.”，意思是太空环境不会因为你是女性而改变，这表明在太空中男女面临的困难是一样的。 12. 第三段提到“But Wang never used it. ‘There is no such red button in my heart.’ That strong spirit finally led to realizing her dream in 2013.”，说明王亚平不按红色按钮是因为她想尽力实现自己的梦想。 13. 第二段提到“After flying for 1,600 hours over nine years safely, Wang became an astronaut in 2010. She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men.”，以及第三段描述她面对高难度训练不放弃，这些都体现了她努力、勤奋的特点，B选项符合。 14. 最后一段提到“Wang carries the spirit of every young woman who dreams of something big.”，说明王亚平为有梦想的女性树立了榜样，是对她的赞扬。 15. 第四段提到“Women’s hearts are also easier to get used to the weightless environment, making them more suitable for long-term missions.”，说明女性在长期太空任务中的优势是更容易适应失重环境。 B The strangeness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples. First, consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny ballet dancer. “I’m an inside guy,” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be wrapped up.” On the station, the common thing becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars (车把). It also has no seat. In zero gravity, it’s just easy to ride violently (猛烈地). You can watch a film while you ride by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But astronauts have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate (循环) air, the carbon dioxide you breathe in has a tendency to form an invisible (隐形的) cloud around your head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache. Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat, “Your inner ear thinks you’re falling. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you’re standing straight. That can be annoying—that’s why some people feel sick.” Within a couple of days—truly terrible days for some—astronauts’ brains learn to ignore (忽略) the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears. Space travel can be so pleasing but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For example, astronauts lose bone mass. That’s why exercise is considered so important that National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) puts it right on the workday schedule (日程). The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronaut healthy. NASA is worried about two things: recovery time once astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain (保持) strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars. 16. Which of the following should astronauts consider while sleeping in space? A. The temperature around them. B. The size and shape of a sleeping bag. C. The choice of a suitable sleep position. D. The place where the sleeping bag should be put. 17. What can we do in zero gravity? A. We can dance with our partner easily. B. It is hard to ride the exercise bikes. C. We should stay in the same place for long. D. We can watch a film while we ride. 18. Why does gravity help to prevent us from getting a carbon-dioxide headache? A. Because gravity makes an invisible cloud. B. Because gravity helps circulate air. C. Because gravity forms the carbon dioxide. D. Because gravity can cure the illness. 19. What is NASA’s main concern (担忧) about the astronauts? A. How much money they would be paid on the station. B. How they can keep healthy for long in space. C. If they are strong enough to return home. D. In what ways they exercise in space. 20. What does the writer think of the life in space? A. Strange. B. Funny. C. Peaceful. D. Healthy. 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. B 20. A 【解析】本文主要介绍了太空零重力环境下，宇航员在睡眠、运动、健康等方面遇到的特殊挑战与应对，同时说明了NASA对宇航员长期太空健康的担忧，展现了太空生活既奇妙又充满风险的特点。 16. 第二段说明睡眠问题：“Its position presents its own challenges”以及“whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag”，因此宇航员需要考虑选择合适的睡眠姿势。 17. 第三段说明零重力下的锻炼情况：“You can watch a film while you ride by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want”，因此在零重力下可以边骑行边看电影。 18. 第三段解释二氧化碳头痛的原因：“Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you breathe in has a tendency to form an invisible cloud around your head”，所以重力有助于帮助空气循环，从而防止二氧化碳聚集导致头痛。 19. 最后一段指出NASA的主要担忧：“how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars”，因此主要关心宇航员如何在太空中长期保持健康。 20. 第一段开篇点题：“The strangeness of life in space never quite goes away”，直接说明太空生活始终存在陌生感。 C The Benefits of Space Exploration for Life on Earth Many people wonder why we spend billions of dollars on space exploration when there are problems on Earth that need solving. However, space exploration has brought numerous benefits to our daily lives that we may not even realize. One of the most significant benefits is technological innovation. The challenges of space travel have led to the development of new technologies that are now used in medicine, transportation, and communication. For example, lightweight materials developed for spacecraft are now used in airplanes and cars, making them more fuel-efficient. Miniaturized sensors created for space probes are used in medical devices like heart monitors, helping doctors diagnose diseases more accurately. Space exploration also helps us understand our own planet better. Satellites launched into space monitor Earth’s weather patterns, climate change, and natural disasters. This data allows scientists to predict hurricanes, earthquakes, and floods, helping people prepare and reduce damage. Satellites also track deforestation and pollution, providing valuable information for environmental protection. Another benefit is the inspiration it provides. The achievements of space missions, such as landing on the Moon or exploring Mars, inspire people of all ages to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, and math. This leads to a more educated workforce that can solve complex problems on Earth. Space exploration also promotes international cooperation, as countries work together on projects like the International Space Station. This cooperation helps build friendships and understanding between nations. While space exploration does cost a lot of money, the benefits it brings to Earth are undeniable. It improves our quality of life through new technologies, helps us protect our planet, and inspires future generations. As we continue to explore the universe, we can expect even more innovations and discoveries that will benefit humanity. 21. What is one technological innovation from space exploration used in medicine? A.Fuel-efficient cars. B. Heart monitors with miniaturized sensors. C. Weather-tracking satellites. D. Lightweight airplane materials. 22. How do satellites help protect Earth? A.They predict natural disasters and track pollution. B. They clean up space debris. C. They transport resources from space to Earth. D. They build solar power plants in space. 23. What is another benefit of space exploration mentioned in the passage? A. It reduces poverty on Earth. B. It creates more jobs in space tourism. C. It inspires people to pursue STEM careers. D. It makes space travel affordable for everyone. 24. Why do some people question space exploration? A. It is not as interesting as other scientific fields. B. It costs a lot of money. C. It has no benefits for Earth. D. It is too dangerous for astronauts. 25. What is the main idea of the passage? A.Space exploration is too expensive to continue. B. Space exploration has many benefits for life on Earth. C. Satellites are the most important part of space exploration. D. International cooperation is necessary for space missions. 【答案】BACBB 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍太空探索对地球人类生活带来的诸多益处，包括推动科技创新、助力监测地球环境与自然灾害、激励人们投身理科相关事业以及促进国际合作等，表明太空探索虽耗资巨大，但对地球的好处毋庸置疑。 21．细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “Miniaturized sensors created for space probes are used in medical devices like heart monitors” 可知，为太空探测器研发的微型传感器被应用在心脏监测仪等医疗设备上。故选 B。 22．细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “Satellites launched into space monitor Earth’s weather patterns, climate change, and natural disasters... Satellites also track deforestation and pollution” 可知，卫星可以预测自然灾害、监测污染，以此帮助保护地球。故选 A。 23．细节理解题。根据文章第四段 “The achievements of space missions... inspire people of all ages to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, and math” 可知，太空探索能够激励人们从事 STEM 相关职业。故选 C。 24．细节理解题。根据文章首段 “Many people wonder why we spend billions of dollars on space exploration” 以及最后一段 “While space exploration does cost a lot of money” 可知，一些人质疑太空探索的原因是花费巨大。故选 B。 25．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇引出话题，随后分别从科技创新、保护地球、激励人才、促进国际合作几个方面，详细介绍了太空探索给地球生活带来的各种好处。故选 B。 第二节 短文填空 以下是一则短文, 请阅读短文, 并从下列六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中, 使原文的意思完整、连贯。并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共5 小题, 每小题1分） Every morning you get up, wash your face, brush your teeth, eat breakfast and get ready for your day. These daily actions are so common that you don’t think about them much. But what if you were in space? There is no gravity there, so weights are not as heavy as they are on Earth. When you drop something, it doesn’t fall to the floor. 26 . This means that astronauts can’t just put down a tool. They need to tie it down. And how do astronauts drink? In space, water just breaks into small drops and hangs in the air. 27 . They have special plates so that their food doesn’t float away. They use special bags for drinks so that the drink stays inside. Sleep is also different in space. Astronauts tie themselves to the wall so that they don’t float around when they are sleeping. Since they have to work hard, they need to get plenty of rest. The sun rises and sets so often that it can be confusing. 28 . Exercise is important for astronauts as well. Since there is no gravity, astronauts float instead of walking or running. 29 . They have to exercise on special machines every day so that this doesn’t happen. No one wants to become ill in space, so exercise helps them stay healthy. However, it is not all hard work in space. When they are not doing science experiments, writing reports or exercising, there is a little time for fun. 30 . The astronauts on the International Space Station can even connect to the Internet. A. It floats slowly in the air B. Their muscles become weak very quickly C. Well, astronauts eat and drink differently in space D. The astronauts have alarms and sometimes music to wake them up E. The International Space Station has a big gym for astronauts to keep fit F. They watch movies, read the news and call family members and friends 【答案】26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. F 【解析】本文介绍了宇航员在太空中的日常生活，包括物品放置、饮食、睡眠、运动及休闲等方面与地球的不同之处。 26. 根据“There is no gravity there, so weights are not as heavy as they are on Earth. When you drop something, it doesn’t fall to the floor.”可知，太空中没有重力，东西掉落不会落到地上，此空应描述东西掉落之后的状态。选项A“它会在空中缓慢漂浮”符合语境。故选A。 27. 根据下文“They have special plates so that their food doesn’t float away. They use special bags for drinks so that the drink stays inside.”可知，下文讲述了宇航员的饮食方式，此空应引出宇航员饮食方面的内容。选项C“嗯，宇航员在太空中的饮食方式有所不同”符合语境。故选C。 28. 根据“The sun rises and sets so often that it can be confusing.”可知，太空中日出日落频繁，容易让人混淆时间，影响睡眠作息，此空应说明宇航员如何应对这种情况以保证休息。选项D“宇航员有闹钟，有时还会用音乐叫醒自己”符合语境。故选D。 29. 根据“Since there is no gravity, astronauts float instead of walking or running.”及“They have to exercise on special machines every day so that this doesn’t happen.”可知，太空中宇航员无需行走或奔跑，长期如此会有不良影响，此空应说明这种不良影响是什么。选项B“他们的肌肉会很快变虚弱”符合语境。故选B。 30. 根据“When they are not doing science experiments, writing reports or exercising, there is a little time for fun.”可知，下文应描述宇航员的休闲活动，此空需列举具体的休闲方式。选项F“他们看电影、读新闻，给家人和朋友打电话”符合语境。故选F。 第三节 信息匹配（共 5小题, 每小题1分） 下面的材料A~F介绍了六个不同的主题展厅。请根据Jack, Mary, Lucy, Henry, David的兴趣爱好，为其推荐合适的展厅。 31 Jack is interested in spaceships. He has just read some stories about Shenzhou-21 from the Internet. He hopes to know more about spaceships. 32 Mary likes watching stars at night. She has already learnt something about the Galaxy from the geography classes. She wants to know more. 33 Lucy is interested in everything about the earth. She is doing a school project about it. She needs more information. 34 Henry loves different robots very much. He wants to be a scientist to study robots in the future. 35 David wants to be an astronaut when he grows up. He has always imagined travelling to the space and living there. A Robots Through TimeThis hall shows all kinds of robots. You can learn about how robots have developed from early models to modern machines. B Our Solar System Learn about the parts of our solar system here. You can also find out how scientists first found and studied the planets. C Inside Spaceships See detailed models and pictures of different spaceships. You can get more information about every part of a spaceship here, like how it is made and what it does. D Life in Space How do astronauts fly to the space and live there? What is the environment like in the space? Find all the answers in this hall. E Stars and the Galaxy See a real view of stars and learn more about the Milky Way. It’s a great place for anyone who loves looking at the night sky. F Our Home Planet Learn about Earth—the planet we live on. Through pictures and videos, you can explore its environment and place in space. 【答案】31．C 32．E 33．F 34．A 35．D 【导语】本文介绍了六个不同的主题展厅，需要根据Jack、Mary、Lucy、Henry、David的兴趣爱好，为其推荐合适的展厅。 31．根据“Jack is interested in spaceships. He has just read some stories about Shenzhou - 21 from the Internet. He hopes to know more about spaceships.”可知，Jack对宇宙飞船感兴趣，希望了解更多关于宇宙飞船的知识。选项C“宇宙飞船内部。观赏不同宇宙飞船的精细模型和图片。在这里你可以获得关于飞船每个部分的更多信息，比如它是如何制造的、有什么功能。”与Jack的兴趣匹配。故选C。 32．根据“Mary likes watching stars at night. She has already learnt something about the Galaxy from the geography classes. She wants to know more.”可知，Mary喜欢晚上看星星，已经从地理课上学到了一些关于银河系的知识，还想知道更多。选项E“恒星与银河系。观赏恒星的真实景象，了解更多关于银河系的知识。对于任何喜欢仰望夜空的人来说，这里都是绝佳去处。”与Mary的兴趣匹配。故选E。 33．根据“Lucy is interested in everything about the earth. She is doing a school project about it. She needs more information.”可知，Lucy对关于地球的一切都感兴趣，正在做一个关于地球的学校项目，需要更多信息。选项F“我们的家园星球。了解地球 —— 我们赖以生存的星球。通过图片和视频，你可以探索它的环境以及在宇宙中的位置。”与Lucy的兴趣匹配。故选F。 34．根据“Henry loves different robots very much. He wants to be a scientist to study robots in the future.”可知，Henry非常喜欢不同的机器人，未来想成为一名研究机器人的科学家。选项A“穿越时空的机器人。这个展厅展示了各种各样的机器人。你可以了解机器人是如何从早期模型发展到现代机械的。”与Henry的兴趣匹配。故选A。 35．根据“David wants to be an astronaut when he grows up. He has always imagined travelling to the space and living there.”可知，David长大后想成为一名宇航员，一直想象着去太空旅行并在那里生活。选项D“太空生活。宇航员如何飞向太空并在那里生活？太空里的环境是什么样的？在这个展厅里找到所有答案。”与David的兴趣匹配。故选D。 第二部分 非选择题（25分） III. 语法填空（10分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Chinese commercial spaceflight (商业航天) company announced a piece of news on January 22, 2026. The Chinese actor Huang Jingyu had been confirmed as 36 (it) No.009 space tourist. According to a report by the Beijing News, Huang is expected to fly on Interstellar One (CYZ-1), China’s first commercial spacecraft. This special journey is planned for 2028. And the ticket 37 this amazing experience costs 3 million yuan. Although the price is 38 (real) high, many people from different jobs, like scientists and engineers, have signed up (报名) for the journey. The CYZ-1 team says more than three spacecraft have already been reserved, involving (涉及) over 20 space tourists in all. Moreover, the spacecraft ___39____（design）with a modern life-support system. Without it, the tourists might take a risk of losing their 40 (life). Huang Jingyu was looking forward to sitting on the Chinese-made spaceship and feeling the wonder of being in space. He 41 (say) he took pride in joining the project. This commercial space travel that is a new thing in China must offer a fresh way for people 42 (explore) space. ____43____ news is being discussed heatedly online these days. Some think it’s one of 44 (amazing) ideas, while others can’t stop worrying about the safety of this high-risk trip. Anyway, this project not only marks a big step for China’s commercial space industry, 45 also may encourage more people’s interest in space. Do you think so? 【答案】36. its 37. for 38. really 39. a is designed 40. lives 41. said 42. to explore 43. The 44. the most amazing 45. but 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍黄景瑜将参与中国商业太空旅行的新闻，以及大众对这件事的不同看法和中国商业航天的发展意义。 36. 句意：中国演员黄景瑜被确认为它的009号太空游客。空格后有名词space tourist，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，因此需将人称代词it变为对应的形容词性物主代词its。 37. 句意：这次奇妙体验的太空船票售价300万元。“the ticket for sth.”，意为“……的门票/票”，是固定搭配。 38. 句意：尽管价格十分高昂，但各行各业的许多人都报名了这次旅程。空格后有形容词high，需要用副词修饰形容词，因此需将形容词real变为副词形式。 39. 句意：此外，这艘航天器设计配备了一套现代化的生命维持系统。航天器的设计主语是动作的承受着故用培东语态。填 is designed。 40. 句意：没有它，游客们可能会有失去生命的危险。主语the tourists是复数，their表示“他们的”，后接可数名词复数，因此需将可数名词life变为复数形式。 41. 句意：他说他很自豪能加入这个项目。全文讲述过去公布的新闻，此处前后句was/took均为一般过去时，时态保持一致，因此需将say变为过去式。 42. 句意：这项在中国新兴的商业太空旅行，一定会为人们提供一种探索太空的全新方式。“a way for sb. to do sth.”意为“某人做某事的方式”，是固定搭配，此处需用动词不定式。 43. 这个消息在网上被热烈谈论。这里news 特指。故要用定冠词the。 44. 句意：一些人认为这是最令人惊叹的想法之一。“固定结构one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……之一”，因此需将amazing变为最高级。 45. 句意：总之，这个项目不仅是中国商业航天行业的一大步，而且还能激发更多人对太空的兴趣。结合前文not only的语境逻辑，此处对应并列连词短语“not only…but also…”意为“不仅……而且……”。 第四节、书面表达（15分） 想象一下，如果你成为一名宇航员，你的第一次太空任务会是什么样子的？请以"If I Were an Astronaut"为题，写一篇短文。 任务名称: 你的第一次太空任务叫什么？ 任务目标: 去太空做什么？（科学实验、空间站维护等） 出发准备: 发射前的训练和准备 太空经历: 在太空中看到、感受到什么？ 工作内容: 在太空中完成了什么工作？ 返回地球: 回到地球后的感受和收获 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ If I Were an Astronaut If I were an astronaut, I would take my first space mission named Space Dream Trip. Before setting off, I would take strict physical and professional training for a long time to learn how to live and work in space. My main task is to do useful scientific experiments and help check and repair the equipment of the space station. When the spaceship enters space, I am deeply shocked by the amazing view. The blue and white Earth looks like a beautiful gem in the dark universe. I can float freely because of weightlessness, which feels wonderful. During the mission, I finish all my scientific experiments successfully and complete the station maintenance work carefully. After returning to Earth safely, I feel extremely proud and moved. This special journey lets me know the importance of perseverance and teamwork. It will become the most unforgettable memory in my life. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $