专题18 感叹句（知识清单）2026年小升初英语专题总复习（上海专版）

小升初英语专题总复习 专题18 感叹句 考点一 感叹句的基本结构 使用秘籍： 感叹句是用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。句末通常用感叹号，读降调。感叹句主要有两种基本结构：what引导的感叹句和how引导的感叹句。 一、what引导的感叹句 what修饰名词或名词短语，结构为：What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ 1. What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语！ - 例如：What a beautiful flower it is!（多美的花啊！） - 例如：What an interesting book this is!（这是一本多么有趣的书啊！） 2. What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + 主语 + 谓语！ - 例如：What beautiful flowers they are!（多美的花啊！） - 例如：What good students they are!（他们是多好的学生啊！） 3. What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ - 例如：What delicious food it is!（多美味的食物啊！） - 例如：What bad weather it is!（多糟糕的天气啊！） 二、how引导的感叹句 how修饰形容词、副词或动词，结构为：How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！ 1. How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！ - 例如：How beautiful the flower is!（这花多美啊！） - 例如：How clever the boy is!（这男孩多聪明啊！） 2. How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语！ - 例如：How fast he runs!（他跑得多快啊！） - 例如：How well she sings!（她唱得多好啊！） 3. How + 主语 + 谓语！（省略形容词/副词） - 例如：How time flies!（时间过得真快啊！） - 例如：How I miss you!（我多想你啊！） 三、what与how的转换 有些感叹句可以用what和how两种方式表达，意思基本相同。 - What a beautiful flower it is! = How beautiful the flower is! - What a clever boy he is! = How clever the boy is! 考点再现 用What或How填空 1. _________ a nice day it is! 2. _________ beautiful the flowers are! 3. _________ interesting story he told! 4. _________ fast the rabbit runs! 5. _________ delicious soup! 过关训练 单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ wonderful news it is! A. What a B. What C. How D. How a ( ) 2. ______ hard-working the students are! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 3. ______ expensive car he bought! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an ( ) 4. ______ carefully she writes! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 5. ______ bad weather we are having! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 6. ______ tall the building is! A. What B. What a C. How a D. How ( ) 7. ______ honest man he is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an ( ) 8. ______ sweet the music sounds! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 9. ______ useful advice you gave me! A. How a B. What a C. What an D. What ( ) 10. ______ exciting movie we watched! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 考点二 感叹句的省略形式 使用秘籍： 在口语或非正式书面语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略，使表达更加简洁有力。 一、省略主语和谓语的感叹句 - What a beautiful flower! - What a clever boy! - How beautiful! - How interesting! 二、日常交际中的感叹句 - What a pity!（真遗憾！） - What a shame!（真可惜！） - What a surprise!（真惊喜！） - How nice!（真好！） - How come?（怎么会这样？） 三、感叹句的注意事项 1. 名词前有many/much/few/little时，用how修饰。 - 例如：How many books he has!（他有多少书啊！） - 例如：How much money she spent!（她花了多少钱啊！） - 例如：How few friends he has!（他的朋友真少啊！） 2. 以here/there开头的倒装感叹句。 - 例如：Here comes the bus!（公交车来了！） - 例如：There goes the bell!（铃声响了！） 3. 陈述句、祈使句也可表示感叹。 - 例如：You are so kind!（你真好！） - 例如：Watch out!（小心！） 考点再现 将下列句子改为感叹句 1. This is a beautiful garden. → What ___________________________! → How ___________________________! 2. The boy runs very fast. → How ___________________________! 3. It is an interesting movie. → What ___________________________! → How ___________________________! 4. The soup is delicious. → How ___________________________! 5. They are lovely dogs. → What ___________________________! 过关训练 单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ bad news it is! We all feel sad. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 2. ______ well she dances! A. What B. What a C. How a D. How ( ) 3. ______ a beautiful girl she is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 4. ______ noisy the children are! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 5. ______ sweet apples these are! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What ( ) 6. ______ time flies! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 7. ______ a pity that you can't join us! A. What a B. How a C. How D. What ( ) 8. ______ slowly the old man walks! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 9. ______ heavy rain it is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 10. ______ kind of you to help me! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 一、用What或How填空 1. __________ a clever boy he is! 2. __________ fast the train runs! 3. __________ beautiful she is! 4. __________ an expensive watch it is! 5. __________ cold weather it is! 6. __________ well you look today! 7. __________ exciting news! 8. __________ hard he works! 9. __________ a big house they live in! 10. __________ nice the hat is! 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ exciting news it is! A. How an B. What an C. How D. What ( ) 2. ______ heavy the box is! I can't carry it. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 3. ______ nice weather we are having! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 4. ______ fast the boy is running! A. What B. What a C. How a D. How ( ) 5. What a beautiful picture ______! A. is it B. it is C. it does D. does it ( ) 6. ______ hard they are working! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 7. ______ amazing performance! A. How a B. What a C. How an D. What an ( ) 8. ______ loudly he is snoring! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 9. ______ useful tool it is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 10. ______ interesting the story is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 三、改错题 下列句子中有一处错误，请找出并改正。 1. What beautiful the flower is! ________________________________________________ 2. How a nice girl she is! ________________________________________________ 3. What fast he runs! ________________________________________________ 4. How interesting book it is! ________________________________________________ 5. What a bad weather it is! ________________________________________________ 6. How a beautiful bird it is! ________________________________________________ 7. What he runs fast! ________________________________________________ 8. How a pity! ________________________________________________ 9. What a well she sings! ________________________________________________ 10. How special the gift is? ________________________________________________ 答案与解析 考点梳理 考点一：感叹句的基本结构 考点再现 用What或How填空 1. What - 解析：a nice day是名词短语，用What引导感叹句。 2. How - 解析：beautiful是形容词，用How修饰。 3. What an - 解析：interesting story是名词短语，story是可数名词单数，interesting以元音音素开头，用What an。 4. How - 解析：fast是副词，用How修饰。 5. What - 解析：soup是不可数名词，用What修饰。 过关训练 1. B - 解析：news是不可数名词，用What修饰。What wonderful news it is! 2. C - 解析：hard-working是形容词，用How修饰。How hard-working the students are! 3. D - 解析：car是可数名词单数，expensive以元音音素开头What an。 4. C - 解析：carefully是副词，用How修饰。How carefully she writes! 5. A - 解析：weather是不可数名词，用What修饰。What bad weather we are having! 6. D - 解析：tall是形容词，用How修饰。How tall the building is! 7. B - 解析：man是可数名词单数，honest以元音音素开头，用What an。What an honest man he is! 8. C - 解析：sweet是形容词，用How修饰。How sweet the music sounds! 9. D - 解析：advice是不可数名词，用What修饰。What useful advice you gave me! 10. B - 解析：movie是可数名词单数，exciting以元音音素开头，用What an。What an exciting movie we watched! 考点二 感叹句的省略形式 考点再现 将下列句子改为感叹句 1. What a beautiful garden this is! / How beautiful this garden is! - 解析：第一种用What修饰名词短语a beautiful garden；第二种用How修饰形容词beautiful。 2. How fast the boy runs! - 解析：fast是副词，用How修饰。 3. What an interesting movie it is! / How interesting the movie is! - 解析：第一种用What修饰名词短语an interesting movie；第二种用How修饰形容词interesting。 4. How delicious the soup is! - 解析：delicious是形容词，用How修饰。 5. What lovely dogs they are! - 解析：dogs是可数名词复数，用What修饰。 过关训练 1. A - 解析：news是不可数名词，用What修饰。What bad news it is! 2. D - 解析：well是副词，用How修饰。How well she dances! 3. A - 解析：a beautiful girl是名词短语，用What a。What a beautiful girl she is! 4. C - 解析：noisy是形容词，用How修饰。How noisy the children are! 5. D - 解析：apples是可数名词复数，用What修饰。What sweet apples these are! 6. C - 解析：time flies是主谓结构，用How修饰动词flies。How time flies! 7. D - 解析：a pity是名词短语，用What a。What a pity that you can't join us! 8. C - 解析：slowly是副词，用How修饰。How slowly the old man walks! 9. B - 解析：rain表示“一场雨”是可数名词单数，heavy rain前用What a。What a heavy rain it is! 10. B - 解析：kind是形容词，How kind of you是固定句型。How kind of you to help me! 强化练习 一、用What或How填空 1. What（a clever boy是名词短语） 2. How（fast是副词） 3. How（beautiful是形容词） 4. What（an expensive watch是名词短语） 5. What（cold weather是名词短语，weather不可数） 6. How（well是副词） 7. What（exciting news是名词短语，news不可数） 8. How（hard是副词） 9. What（a big house是名词短语） 10. How（nice是形容词） 二、单项选择 1. D - 解析：news是不可数名词，用What修饰。What exciting news it is!（D正确） 2. C - 解析：heavy是形容词，用How修饰。How heavy the box is!（C正确） 3. A - 解析：weather是不可数名词，用What修饰。What nice weather we are having!（A正确） 4. D - 解析：fast是副词，用How修饰。How fast the boy is running!（D正确） 5. B - 解析：感叹句省略主谓时，it is放在末尾。What a beautiful picture it is!（B正确） 6. C - 解析：hard是副词，用How修饰。How hard they are working!（C正确） 7. D - 解析：amazing performance是名词短语，用What修饰，可数名词单数用a/an，amazing元音音素开头，用an。What an amazing performance!（D正确） 8. C - 解析：loudly是副词，用How修饰。How loudly he is snoring!（C正确） 9. B - 解析：tool是可数名词单数，useful以辅音音素/juː/开头，用What a。What a useful tool it is!（B正确） 10. C - 解析：interesting是形容词，用How修饰。How interesting the story is!（C正确） 三、改错题 1. 错误：What beautiful 改正：How beautiful - 解析：beautiful是形容词，感叹句用How修饰，不用What。How beautiful the flower is! 2. 错误：How a 改正：What a - 解析：a nice girl是名词短语，用What a引导，不用How。What a nice girl she is! 3. 错误：What fast 改正：How fast - 解析：fast是副词，用How修饰，不用What。How fast he runs! 4. 错误：How interesting book 改正：What an interesting book - 解析：book是可数名词单数，interesting以元音音素开头，用What an。What an interesting book it is! 5. 错误：What a bad weather 改正：What bad weather - 解析：weather是不可数名词，前面不用不定冠词a。What bad weather it is! 6. 错误：How a 改正：What a - 解析：a beautiful bird是名词短语，用What a引导，不用How。What a beautiful bird it is! 7. 错误：What he runs fast 改正：How fast he runs - 解析：感叹句结构为How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语。How fast he runs! 8. 错误：How a pity 改正：What a pity - 解析：a pity是名词短语，用What a引导。What a pity! 9. 错误：What a well 改正：How well - 解析：well是副词，用How修饰。How well she sings! 10. 错误：问号 改正：感叹号 - 解析：感叹句句末用感叹号，不用问号。How special the gift is! 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $