专题19 状语从句（知识清单）2026年小升初英语专题总复习（上海专版）

小升初英语专题总复习 专题19 状语从句 考点一 时间状语从句 使用秘籍： 时间状语从句用来说明主句动作发生的时间，由从属连词引导。 注意：从句的时态遵循“主将从现”原则：主句用一般将来时时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。 一、常见引导词 引导词 含义 例句 when 当……时候 When I arrived, he was cooking.（当我到达时，他正在做饭。） while 当……时候 （强调过程） While I was reading, he came in.（我正在读书时，他进来了。） as 一边……一边；随着 She sang as she walked.（她边走边唱。） before 在……之前 Wash your hands before you eat.（吃饭前洗手。） after 在……之后 I went to bed after I finished my homework.（做完作业后我睡觉了。） since 自从……以来 I have lived here since I was born.（我出生起就住在这里。） until/till 直到……为止 I waited until he came back.（我一直等到他回来。） as soon as 一……就…… I will call you as soon as I arrive.（我一到达就给你打电话。） 二、when与while的区别 · - when：后面可接短暂性动词或延续性动词。 - 例如：When I arrived, he was cooking.（arrived是短暂性动词） · - while：后面只能接延续性动词，强调动作同时发生。 - 例如：While I was sleeping, the phone rang.（was sleeping是延续性动词） 三、until/till的用法 · - 主句是肯定句时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。 - 例如：I waited until he came back.（wait是延续性动词） · - 主句是否定句时，谓语动词是短暂性动词。 - 例如：He didn't leave until his mother came back.（leave是短暂性动词） 考点再现 用适当的从属连词填空（when，while，before，after，since，until，as soon as） 1. __________ I got home, my mother was cooking dinner. 2. Please turn off the lights __________ you leave the room. 3. He has worked in this factory __________ he graduated from college. 4. I didn't go to bed __________ I finished my homework. 5. __________ she was walking in the park, she met her old friend. 6. I will tell you the news __________ I see him. 7. __________ he finished his work, he went out for a walk. 过关训练 单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ I got to the station, the train had already left. A. When B. While C. As D. After ( ) 2. Please call me ______ you arrive at the airport. A. while B. as soon as C. until D. before ( ) 3. I was doing my homework ______ my mother was cooking. A. when B. while C. as D. after ( ) 4. He didn't leave the office ______ he finished all the work. A. until B. after C. when D. as soon as ( ) 5. She has learned to play the piano ______ she was six years old. A. for B. when C. since D. before 考点二 条件状语从句 使用秘籍： 条件状语从句用来表示主句动作发生的条件，由if、unless、as long as等引导。 注意：从句的时态遵循“主将从现”原则。 1、 常见引导词 引导词 含义 例句 if 如果 If it rains, we will stay at home.（如果下雨，我们就待在家里。） unless 除非；如果不 You will fail unless you study hard.（除非你努力学习，否则你会失败。） as long as 只要 You can go out as long as you finish your homework.（只要你完成作业，你就可以出去。） 二、if与unless的区别 · - if表示肯定条件“如果”。 - 例如：If you study hard, you will succeed.（如果你努力学习，你就会成功。） · - unless相当于“if not”，表示否定条件。 - 例如：Unless you study hard, you will fail.（除非你努力学习，否则你会失败。） 三、条件状语从句的时态 · - 主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。 - 例如：If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the trip. · - 主句是祈使句时，从句用一般现在时。 - 例如：Please call me if you need any help. 考点再现 用适当的从属连词填空（if，unless，as long as） 1. __________ you work hard, you will get good grades. 2. You won't pass the exam __________ you prepare well. 3. __________ you promise to be careful, you can go. 4. I will go swimming __________ it doesn't rain tomorrow. 5. He will come to the party ________ he is free. 过关训练 单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ you study hard, you will not catch up with your classmates. A. If B. Unless C. As long as D. When ( ) 2. We will go to the park ______ it doesn't rain tomorrow. A. if B. unless C. although D. because ( ) 3. You can borrow this book ______ you return it on time. A. as long as B. unless C. when D. because ( ) 4. I won't believe you ______ I see it with my own eyes. A. if B. unless C. as long as D. when ( ) 5. ______ you don't hurry up, you will miss the bus. A. Unless B. As long as C. If D. Because 考点三 原因状语从句 使用秘籍： 原因状语从句用来表示主句动作发生的原因，由because、since、as等引导。 一、常见引导词 引导词 含义 用法 例句 because 因为 语气最强，回答why He was late because he missed the bus. since 既然；因为 表示已知原因 Since you are tired, you can rest. as 因为 语气较弱，原因较明显 As it was late, we went home. 注意：回答why的问句只能用because，不能用since或as。 - 例如：—Why are you late? —Because I missed the bus. 考点再现 用适当的从属连词填空（because，since，as） 1. __________ everyone is here, let's begin the meeting. 2. He didn't come to school __________ he was ill. 3. __________ it was raining, we stayed at home. 4. __________ you are busy, I'll go by myself. 5. She passed the exam __________ she worked very hard. 过关训练 单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ you are free, why not come and join us? A. Because B. Since C. As D. So ( ) 2. He was late for school ______ he got up late this morning. A. because B. since C. as D. so ( ) 3. ______ everyone is here, we can start the discussion. A. Because B. Since C. As D. All of the above ( ) 4. —Why are you so happy? —______ I got a new bicycle as a gift. A. Since B. Because C. As D. For ( ) 5. ______ the weather is bad, we have to cancel the trip. A. Because B. Since C. As D. All of the above 考点四 目的状语从句 使用秘籍： 目的状语从句用来表示主句动作的目的，由so that、in order that等引导。从句的谓语动词常包含情态动词may、might、can、could等。 一、常见引导词 引导词 含义 例句 so that 以便；为了 I got up early so that I could catch the bus. in order that 为了 He works hard in order that he can succeed. 二、不定式表目的 - 目的状语从句可简化为不定式短语。 - 例如：I got up early so that I could catch the bus. = I got up early to catch the bus. 考点再现 用适当的从属连词填空（so that，in order that） 1. I spoke loudly ___________ everyone could hear me. 2. He saved money ___________ he could buy a new computer. 3. She arrived early ___________ she could get a good seat. 4. We left home early ___________ we wouldn't be late. 5. The teacher explained again ___________ the students could understand. 过关训练 单项选择 ( ) 1. She got up early ______ she could catch the first bus. A. so that B. because C. if D. unless ( ) 2. He works hard ______ he can support his family. A. unless B. because C. although D. so that ( ) 3. I'll give you my phone number ______ you can call me if necessary. A. so that B. because C. until D. when ( ) 4. ______ it rains tomorrow, we ______ at home. A. Unless; will stay B. If; will stay C. Because; stayed D. Since; stay ( ) 5. The teacher spoke slowly ______ everyone could follow him. A. if B. because C. so that D. unless 考点五 结果状语从句 使用秘籍： 结果状语从句用来表示主句动作所导致的结果，由so...that、such...that等引导。 一、常见引导词 · so...that...：如此……以至于…… - so + 形容词/副词 + that - 例如：He is so tired that he can't walk. · such...that...：如此……以至于…… - such + 名词短语 + that - 例如：He is such a kind man that everyone likes him. 二、结果状语从句与不定式的转换 - so...that...可以改写为too...to...或enough to... - 例如：He is so young that he can't go to school. = He is too young to go to school. 考点再现 用适当的连接词填空（so...that，such...that，so that） 1. It was ______ hot ______ we didn't go out. 2. She is ______ a clever girl ______ everyone likes her. 3. There were ______ many people ______ we couldn't move. 4. He ran ______ fast ______ I couldn't catch him. 5. They are ______ interesting books ______ I want to read them again. 过关训练 单项选择 ( ) 1. The box is ______ heavy ______ I can't lift it. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to ( ) 2. It is ______ an interesting movie ______ I want to watch it again. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to ( ) 3. There were ______ few people that we could find a seat easily. A. so B. such C. too D. very ( ) 4. She spoke ______ softly that nobody could hear her. A. such B. so C. too D. enough ( ) 5. He worked ______ hard that he passed the exam. A. such B. too C. so D. enough 考点六 让步状语从句 使用秘籍： 让步状语从句表示“虽然、尽管、即使”等让步意义，由although、though、even if等引导。 一、常见引导词 引导词 含义 例句 although / though 虽然；尽管 Although he is poor, he is happy even if / even though 即使 Even if it rains, I will go. 二、although/though与but的区别 - although/though是从属连词，不能与but连用。 - 正确：Although he is rich, he is not happy. - 正确：He is rich, but he is not happy. - 错误：Although he is rich, but he is not happy. 三、though的特殊用法 - though可以放在句末，表示“然而”，通常用逗号隔开。 - 例如：He is poor. He is happy, though. 考点再现 用适当的从属连词填空（although，though，even if） 1. _________ it was raining, they went on working. 2. I will help you _________ I am busy. 3. _________ he is young, he knows a lot. 4. She didn't give up _________ she failed many times. 5. _________ you don't like it, you have to do it. 过关训练 单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ he is very young, he can speak two foreign languages. A. Although B. Because C. So D. But ( ) 2. She went to school ______ she was ill. A. if B. because C. though D. so ( ) 3. ______ it rains tomorrow, we will still go hiking. A. But B. Even if C. If D. Unless ( ) 4. He didn't stop working ______ he was very tired. A. though B. because C. if D. so ( ) 5. ______ he studied hard, he didn't pass the exam. A. So B. Because C. If D. Even if 一、用适当的从属连词填空 1. ___________ she was reading, her brother was playing games. 2. I will call you ___________ I get home. 3. ___________ he is busy, he still helps his classmates. 4. You will succeed ___________ you give up. 5. He was late ___________ he missed the bus. 6. She got up early ___________ she could catch the train. 7. It is ___________ a heavy box ___________ I can't carry it. 8. ___________ you don't hurry, you will be late. 9. He has lived here ___________ he was born. 10. Please turn off the light ___________ you leave. 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ he arrived at the station, the train had already left. A. When B. While C. As D. Before ( ) 2. I won't believe you ______ I see it with my own eyes. A. if B. unless C. as long as D. when ( ) 3. ______ everyone is here, let's start the meeting. A. Because B. Since C. As D. All of the above ( ) 4. She worked hard ______ she could get a promotion. A. unless B. because C. if D. so that ( ) 5. The story is ______ interesting ______ everyone loves it. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to ( ) 6. ______ it was late, he continued working. A. If B. Because C. Although D. Unless ( ) 7. I will wait here ______ you come back. A. until B. because C. if D. so ( ) 8. You will be late ______ you leave right now. A. if B. unless C. because D. so ( ) 9. He didn't go to the party ______ he was too tired. A. so B. but C. because D. or ( ) 10. ______ you practice more, you will improve. A. Unless B. As long as C. Although D. Because 三、改错题 下列句子中有一处错误，请找出并改正。 1. Because he was ill, so he didn't go to school. ________________________________________________ 2. Although he is poor, but he is happy. ________________________________________________ 3. I will call you as soon as I will arrive. ________________________________________________ 4. He is such clever that he can solve the problem. ________________________________________________ 5. If you don't study hard, you will succeed. ________________________________________________ 6. She was so a beautiful girl that everyone liked her. ________________________________________________ 7. I was doing my homework when my mother was cooking. ________________________________________________ 8. He didn't leave until his mother will come back. ________________________________________________ 9. Because he was late, so he missed the bus. ________________________________________________ 10. Even though he was tired, but he kept working. ________________________________________________ 答案与解析 考点梳理 考点一：时间状语从句 考点再现 用适当的从属连词填空 1. When - 解析：when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。 2. before - 解析：before表示“在……之前”，祈使句表达“离开房间前请关灯”。 3. since - 解析：since表示“自从……以来”，主句用现在完成时has worked，从句用一般过去时graduated。 4. until - 解析：not...until表示“直到……才”，主句用一般过去时didn't go，从句用一般过去时finished。 5. While - 解析：while强调两个动作同时进行，主句用一般过去时met，从句用过去进行时was walking。 6. as soon as - 解析：as soon as表示“一……就……”，主句用一般将来时will tell，从句用一般现在时see。 7. After - 解析：after表示“在……之后”，主句用一般过去时went，从句用一般过去时finished。 过关训练 1. A - 解析：when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，强调动作发生的先后顺序。火车已经离开发生在到达之前。 2. B - 解析：as soon as表示“一……就……”，强调立即发生，主句用祈使句，从句用一般现在时。 3. B - 解析：while表示“当……时候”，强调两个延续性动作同时进行。“做作业”和“做饭”同时发生。 4. A - 解析：not...until表示“直到……才”，主句用一般过去时didn't leave，从句用一般过去时finished。 5. C - 解析：since表示“自从……以来”，主句用现在完成时has learned，从句用一般过去时was。 考点二 条件状语从句 考点再现 用适当的从属连词填空 1. If - 解析：if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时will get。 2. unless - 解析：unless表示“除非”，相当于if not，主句won't pass是否定形式。 3. As long as - 解析：as long as表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句。 4. if - 解析：if表示“如果”，条件为“不下雨”。 5. if - 解析：if表示“如果”，条件为“有空”。 过关训练 1. B - 解析：unless表示“除非”，相当于if not。句意：除非你努力学习，否则你赶不上你的同学。 2. A - 解析：if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句。句意：如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。 3. A - 解析：as long as表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句。句意：只要你按时归还，你就可以借这本书。 4. B - 解析：unless表示“除非”，相当于if not。句意：除非我亲眼看到，否则我不会相信你。 5. C - 解析：if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句。句意：如果你不快点，你会错过公交车的。 考点三 原因状语从句 考点再现 用适当的从属连词填空 1. Since - 解析：since表示“既然”，表示已知原因，用于句首。 2. because - 解析：because表示“因为”，语气最强，直接说明原因。 3. As - 解析：as表示“因为”，语气较弱，原因较明显。 4. Since - 解析：since表示“既然”，表示已知原因。 5. because - 解析：because表示“因为”，直接说明原因。 过关训练 1. B - 解析：since表示“既然”，用于已知原因的提议或建议。句意：既然你有空，为什么不加入我们呢？ 2. A - 解析：because表示“因为”，直接说明迟到的原因。 3. D - 解析：because、since、as均可表示原因，三者都正确。 4. B - 解析：回答why的问句只能用because。 5. D - 解析：because、since、as均可表示原因，三者都正确。 考点四 目的状语从句 考点再现 用适当的从属连词填空 1. so that - 解析：so that引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”。 2. so that - 解析：so that引导目的状语从句。 3. so that - 解析：so that引导目的状语从句。 4. so that - 解析：so that引导目的状语从句。 5. so that / in order that - 解析：两者均可引导目的状语从句，in order that更正式。 过关训练 1. A - 解析：so that引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”。 2. D - 解析：so that引导目的状语从句。 3. A - 解析：so that引导目的状语从句。 4. B - 解析：if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时will stay。 5. C - 解析：so that引导目的状语从句。 考点五 结果状语从句 考点再现 用适当的连接词填空 1. so; that - 解析：so + 形容词 + that引导结果状语从句。 2. such; that - 解析：such + a/an + 形容词 + 名词 + that。 3. so; that - 解析：so + many + 可数名词复数 + that。 4. so; that - 解析：so + 副词 + that。 5. such; that - 解析：such + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + that。 过关训练 1. A - 解析：so + 形容词 + that引导结果状语从句。 2. B - 解析：such + a/an + 形容词 + 名词 + that。 3. A - 解析：so + few + 可数名词复数 + that。 4. B - 解析：so + 副词 + that。 5. C - 解析：so + 副词 + that。 考点六 让步状语从句 考点再现 用适当的从属连词填空 1. Although/Though - 解析：although/though表示“虽然”。 2. even if - 解析：even if表示“即使”，引导让步状语从句。 3. Although/Though - 解析：although/though表示“虽然”。 4. though - 解析：though表示“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。 5. Even if - 解析：even if表示“即使”。 过关训练 1. A - 解析：although引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”。 2. C - 解析：though引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”。 3. B - 解析：Even if表示“即使”，引导让步状语从句。 4. A - 解析：though引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”。 5. D - 解析：Even if表示“即使”，引导让步状语从句。 强化练习 一、用适当的从属连词填空 1. While - 解析：while强调两个动作同时进行。 2. as soon as - 解析：as soon as表示“一……就……”。 3. Although/Though - 解析：although/though表示“虽然”。 4. unless - 解析：unless表示“除非”。 5. because - 解析：because表示“因为”。 6. so that - 解析：so that表示“以便”。 7. such; that - 解析：such + a + 形容词 + 名词 + that。 8. If - 解析：if表示“如果”。 9. since - 解析：since表示“自从……以来”。 10. before - 解析：before表示“在……之前”。 二、单项选择 1. A - 解析：when引导时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时had left，从句用一般过去时arrived。 2. B - 解析：unless表示“除非”，相当于if not。 3. D - 解析：because、since、as均可表示原因。 4. D - 解析：so that引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”。 5. A - 解析：so + 形容词 + that引导结果状语从句。 6. C - 解析：Although引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”。 7. A - 解析：until表示“直到……为止”。 8. B - 解析：unless表示“除非”，相当于if not。 9. C - 解析：because表示“因为”。 10. B - 解析：As long as表示“只要”。 三、改错题 1. 错误：Because he was ill, so he didn't go to school. 改正：去掉so或去掉Because - 解析：because和so不能连用。 2. 错误：Although he is poor, but he is happy. 改正：去掉but - 解析：although和but不能连用。 3. 错误：I will call you as soon as I will arrive. 改正：arrive - 解析：as soon as引导的从句用一般现在时表示将来。 4. 错误：He is such clever that he can solve the problem. 改正：so clever - 解析：such修饰名词短语，so修饰形容词。clever是形容词，用so。 5. 错误：If you don't study hard, you will succeed. 改正：will fail - 解析：逻辑错误，“不努力学习”应该导致“失败”。 6. 错误：She was so a beautiful girl that everyone liked her. 改正：such a beautiful - 解析：such + a + 形容词 + 名词 + that。 7. 错误：I was doing my homework when my mother was cooking. 改正：while - 解析：两个延续性动作同时发生，用while更合适。 8. 错误：He didn't leave until his mother will come back. 改正：comes - 解析：until引导的从句用一般现在时表示将来。 9. 错误：Because he was late, so he missed the bus. 改正：去掉so或去掉Because - 解析：because和so不能连用。 10. 错误：Even though he was tired, but he kept working. 改正：去掉but - 解析：even though和but不能连用。 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $