专题17 祈使句（知识清单）2026年小升初英语专题总复习（上海专版）

小升初英语专题总复习 专题17 祈使句 考点一 祈使句的肯定形式 使用秘籍： 祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议、劝告、警告或禁止等语气的句子。 祈使句的主语通常是第二人称you，但通常省略，谓语动词用原形。 句末用句号或感叹号，读降调。 一、祈使句的基本结构 · - 动词原形 + 其他！ - 例如：Come in, please!（请进！） - 例如：Open the door!（开门！） - 例如：Sit down!（坐下！） · - Be动词 + 形容词/名词 + 其他！ - 例如：Be quiet!（安静！） - 例如：Be careful!（小心！） - 例如：Be a good boy!（做个好孩子！） · - Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他！ - 例如：Let me help you.（让我帮你。） - 例如：Let's go to the park.（我们去公园吧。） - 例如：Let him do it by himself.（让他自己做。） 二、祈使句的强调形式 在动词原形前加Do表示强调，意为“务必”“一定”。 - 例如：Do come on time!（务必要准时来！） - 例如：Do be careful!（一定要小心！） - 例如：Do tell me the truth!（一定要告诉我真相！） 三、祈使句的礼貌表达 在句首或句尾加please可以使语气更礼貌。 - 句首：Please open the window.（请打开窗户。） - 句尾：Open the window, please.（请打开窗户。） 4、 Let’s 与 Let us 的区别 · Let’s表示“让我们（建议一起做）”，包括听话人。 · Let us 表示“让我们（请求允许）”，不包括听话人。 - 例如：Let's go shopping.（我们一起去购物吧。——包括对方） - 例如：Let us go home.（请让我们回家。——请求对方允许，不包括对方） 考点再现 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. ______ (be) quiet, please. 2. ______ (not) talk in class. 3. Let's ______ (go) swimming. 4. ______ (open) the window, it's hot. 5. ______ (be) careful when you cross the road. 过关训练 单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ late again next time. A. Don't B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not ( ) 2. ______ the book to the library on time. A. Returning B. Returns C. Return D. To return ( ) 3. Let me ______ a look at your new watch. A. to have B. has C. having D. have ( ) 4. ______ afraid. I will help you. A. Don't B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not ( ) 5. Please ______ the door. It's cold outside. A. closes B. to close C. close D. closing ( ) 6. ______ up early, or you'll miss the train. A. Getting B. Gets C. To get D. get ( ) 7. Let's ______ a rest. We are all tired. A. have B. to have C. having D. had ( ) 8. ______ your hands before meals. A. Washing B. Washes C. Wash D. To wash ( ) 9. ______ me your telephone number, please. A. To give B. Gives C. Giving D. Give ( ) 10. ______ sure to lock the door when you leave. A. Make B. Makes C. Making D. To make 考点二 祈使句的否定形式 使用秘籍： 祈使句的否定形式表示禁止或劝阻，通常在动词原形前加Don't。 一、否定祈使句的基本结构 · - Don't + 动词原形 + 其他！ - 例如：Don't run in the classroom.（不要在教室里跑。） - 例如：Don't be late again.（不要再迟到了。） - 例如：Don't forget to call me.（别忘了给我打电话。） · - Never + 动词原形 + 其他！ - 例如：Never give up!（永不放弃！） - 例如：Never tell a lie!（绝不说谎！） · - No + 名词/动名词！ - 例如：No smoking!（禁止吸烟！） - 例如：No parking!（禁止停车！） - 例如：No photos!（禁止拍照！） 二、Let引导的祈使句的否定形式 · - Don't let + 宾语 + 动词原形 - 例如：Don't let him go.（别让他走。） - 例如：Don't let the baby cry.（别让婴儿哭。） · - Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 - 例如：Let him not go.（别让他走。） - 例如：Let's not waste time.（我们别浪费时间了。） 3、 常见否定祈使句 肯定祈使句 否定祈使句 Come here. Don't come here. Be quiet. Don't be quiet.（少见）/ Don't make noise. Open the door. Don't open the door. Let's go. Let's not go. 考点再现 将下列肯定祈使句改为否定祈使句 1. Sit down. ________________________________________________ 2. Be careful. ________________________________________________ 3. Open the window. ________________________________________________ 4. Let's go to the park. ________________________________________________ 5. Turn on the TV. ________________________________________________ 过关训练 单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ run in the hallway. It's dangerous. A. Doesn't B. No C. Not D. Don't ( ) 2. ______ be so noisy. The baby is sleeping. A. Not B. Don't C. No D. Doesn't ( ) 3. ______ phones in class. A. No use B. Not use C. Don't use D. Doesn't use ( ) 4. Let's ______ to bed too late. A. don't go B. not go C. no go D. not to go ( ) 5. ______ your homework after school. A. Don't forget to do B. Don't forget doing C. Not forget to do D. No forget doing ( ) 6. ______ the window. It's cold outside. A. Not open B. No open C. Don't open D. Doesn't open ( ) 7. ______. The teacher is coming. A. No talk B. Not talking C. Don't talk D. Doesn't talk ( ) 8. Let him ______ alone. He needs some quiet time. A. being B. not be C. be D. doesn't be ( ) 9. ______ the flowers. They are beautiful. A. Doesn't pick B. Not pick C. No pick D. Don't pick ( ) 10. ______ shy. Just try your best. A. Don't being B. Not be C. Don’t be D. Doesn't be 考点三 祈使句的应答 使用秘籍： 祈使句的应答通常表示接受或拒绝对方的命令、请求或建议。 一、肯定应答 · - OK. / All right. / Sure. / Certainly. - 例如：—Please close the door. —OK. · - I will./I won't. - 例如：—Don't be late again. —I won't. · - Let's...的应答 - 肯定：OK. / Good idea. / That sounds great. / Sure. - 例如：—Let's go to the movies. —Good idea! 二、否定应答 · - Sorry, I can't. - 例如：—Please help me. —Sorry, I'm busy. · - I'm afraid I can't. - 例如：—Come to my party. —I'm afraid I can't. 三、Let's 的附加疑问句 - Let's go, shall we?（我们走吧，好吗？） - Let us go, will you?（让我们走吧，好吗？） 过关训练 单项选择 ( ) 1. —Please pass me the salt. —______ A. Here you are. B. Thank you. C. That's right. D. You're welcome. ( ) 2. —Don't touch the wet paint. —______ A. Sorry, I will. B. OK, I won't. C. Yes, I do. D. No, I don't. ( ) 3. —Let's watch a movie tonight. —______ A. Sorry, I can't. B. That's all right. C. You're welcome. D. Never mind. ( ) 4. —Be careful! The floor is slippery. —______ A. Thank you. B. I don't care. C. That's fine. D. Not at all. ( ) 5. —Don't forget to bring your homework tomorrow. —______ A. Yes, I will. B. No, I won't. C. Yes, I do. D. No, I don't. 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. __________ (not) be late for school. 2. Let's __________ (help) each other. 3. __________ (turn) off the light when you leave. 4. __________ (be) kind to your little sister. 5. __________ (not) forget to lock the door. 6. Let him __________ (do) his homework by himself. 7. __________ (keep) quiet in the library. 8. Never __________ (give) up. 9. __________ (not) run in the hallway. 10. __________ (clean) your room every day. 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ your shoes before entering the room. A. Take off B. Takes off C. Taking off D. To take off ( ) 2. ______ eat too much junk food. It's bad for your health. A. Not B. No C. Don't D. Doesn't ( ) 3. Let's ______ the bus. It's coming. A. hurry to catch B. hurry catch C. to hurry to catch D. hurrying to catch ( ) 4. ______ afraid of making mistakes. Everyone makes mistakes. A. Don't B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not ( ) 5. Please ______ the answer on the blackboard. A. writes B. write C. writing D. to write ( ) 6. ______ make noise. The baby is sleeping. A. Don't B. Not C. No D. Doesn't ( ) 7. Let me ______ you with your luggage. A. to help B. helping C. help D. helped ( ) 8. ______ up, or you'll be late for school. A. Hurry B. Hurries C. Hurrying D. To hurry ( ) 9. ______ in the river. It's dangerous. A. Not swim B. No swim C. Don't swim D. Doesn't swim ( ) 10. Let's ______ a break. We've been working for hours. A. takes B. to take C. taking D. take ( ) 11. ______ your hands before eating. A. Wash B. Washes C. Washing D. To wash ( ) 12. ______ talk so loudly. Others are reading. A. Doesn't B. Not C. No D. Don't 三、改错题 下列句子中有一处错误，请找出并改正。 1. Not be late for the meeting. ________________________________________________ 2. Let's going to the beach this weekend. ________________________________________________ 3. Don't noisy in the classroom. ________________________________________________ 4. Please to close the door. ________________________________________________ 5. Let us to play football after school. ________________________________________________ 6. Not smoke here. It's not allowed. ________________________________________________ 答案与解析 考点梳理 考点一：祈使句的肯定形式 考点再现 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Be - 解析：祈使句以动词原形开头，Be quiet意为“安静”。 2. Don't - 解析：否定祈使句用Don't + 动词原形，Don't talk意为“不要说话”。 3. go - 解析：Let's后接动词原形，go swimming意为“去游泳”。 4. Open - 解析：祈使句以动词原形Open开头，意为“打开窗户”。 5. Be - 解析：祈使句以动词原形Be开头，Be careful意为“小心”。 过关训练 1. B - 解析：否定祈使句Don't be late，Don't后接be动词原形。 2. C - 解析：祈使句以动词原形Return开头，意为“按时归还书”。 3. D - 解析：Let me后接动词原形have，have a look意为“看一看”。 4. B - 解析：否定祈使句Don't be afraid，意为“不要害怕”。 5. C - 解析：Please后接动词原形close，意为“请关门”。 6. D - 解析：祈使句以动词原形Get开头，Get up early意为“早点起床”。 7. A - 解析：Let's后接动词原形have，have a rest意为“休息一下”。 8. C - 解析：祈使句以动词原形Wash开头，意为“饭前洗手”。 9. D - 解析：Please后接动词原形Give，意为“请给我你的电话号码”。 10. A - 解析：祈使句以动词原形Make开头，Make sure意为“确保”。 考点二 祈使句的否定形式 考点再现 将下列肯定祈使句改为否定祈使句 1. Don't sit down. - 解析：否定祈使句在动词原形前加Don't。 2. Don't be careful. - 解析：be动词的否定形式为Don't be。 3. Don't open the window. - 解析：在动词原形open前加Don't。 4. Let's not go to the park. - 解析：Let's的否定形式为Let's not + 动词原形。 5. Don't turn on the TV. - 解析：在动词原形turn前加Don't。 过关训练 1. D - 解析：否定祈使句用Don't + 动词原形，Don't run。 2. B - 解析：否定祈使句Don't be so noisy。 3. C - 解析：否定祈使句Don't use phones。 4. B - 解析：Let's的否定形式为Let's not do sth.。 5. A - 解析：否定祈使句Don't forget to do sth.。 6. C - 解析：否定祈使句Don't open the window。 7. C - 解析：否定祈使句Don't talk。 8. B - 解析：Let him的否定形式为Let him not be。 9. D - 解析：否定祈使句Don't pick the flowers。 10. C - 解析：否定祈使句Don't be shy。 考点三 祈使句的应答 过关训练 1. A - 解析：请求对方递盐，应答用Here you are（给你）。 2. B - 解析：否定祈使句“别碰湿油漆”的应答用OK, I won't（好的，我不会碰的）。 3. A - 解析：建议一起看电影，不能参加的应答用Sorry, I can't。 4. A - 解析：对方提醒小心，应答用Thank you表示感谢。 5. B - 解析：否定祈使句“别忘了带作业”的应答用No, I won't（好的，我不会忘的）。 强化练习 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Don't - 解析：否定祈使句用Don't + 动词原形。 2. help - 解析：Let's后接动词原形help。 3. Turn - 解析：祈使句以动词原形Turn开头。 4. Be - 解析：祈使句以动词原形Be开头，Be kind意为“友善”。 5. Don't - 解析：否定祈使句用Don't + 动词原形。 6. do - 解析：Let him后接动词原形do。 7. Keep - 解析：祈使句以动词原形Keep开头。 8. give - 解析：Never后接动词原形，Never give up意为“永不放弃”。 9. Don't - 解析：否定祈使句用Don't + 动词原形。 10. Clean - 解析：祈使句以动词原形Clean开头。 二、单项选择 1. A - 解析：祈使句以动词原形Take off开头。 2. C - 解析：否定祈使句用Don't + 动词原形。 3. A - 解析：Let's后接动词原形hurry to catch。 4. B - 解析：否定祈使句Don't be afraid。 5. B - 解析：Please后接动词原形write。 6. A - 解析：否定祈使句用Don't + 动词原形。 7. C - 解析：Let me后接动词原形help。 8. A - 解析：祈使句以动词原形Hurry开头。 9. C - 解析：否定祈使句Don't swim。 10. D - 解析：Let's后接动词原形take，take a break意为“休息一下”。 11. A - 解析：祈使句以动词原形Wash开头。 12. D - 解析：否定祈使句Don't talk。 三、改错题 1. 错误：Not be 改正：Don't be - 解析：否定祈使句用Don't + 动词原形，Don't be late。 2. 错误：going 改正：go - 解析：Let's后接动词原形，Let's go to the beach。 3. 错误：Don't noisy 改正：Don't be noisy - 解析：noisy是形容词，前面需要be动词。 4. 错误：to close 改正：close - 解析：Please后接动词原形，不加to。 5. 错误：to play 改正：play - 解析：Let us后接动词原形，不加to。 6. 错误：Not smoke 改正：Don't smoke / No smoking - 解析：否定祈使句用Don't smoke，或No smoking表示“禁止吸烟”。 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $