Unit 10 World in the Cloud 语法精讲与练习 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级下册

Unit 10 World in the Cloud 语法精讲与练习 1、 语法知识点精讲 1、前缀 tele- 与 e- 的用法 前缀 tele- 和 e- 是英语中常用的构词前缀，用于构成合成名词，是本单元核心词法考点。 核心要点： 1. tele- 表示远、远程，加在名词前，表“远距离操作/传输”； 基础名词 加前缀构成的新词 中文释义 课文原句/核心搭配 shopping teleshopping 电视购物 teleshopping on TV worker teleworker 远程工作者 a teleworker at home medicine telemedicine 远程医疗 telemedicine for patients 2. e- 是 electronic 的缩写，表电子的、线上的、网络的，加在名词前构成新词； 名词 加前缀构成的新词 课文中的例句 mail e-mail An email is a message on the internet. book e-book E-books are digital books for electronic screens. business e-business do e-business online money e-money pay with e-money 3.两种前缀构成的词均为名词，可作主语、宾语等句子成分； 4.e- 类词汇两种书写形式均正确：直接拼接（email）、加连字符（e-book）。 前缀构成规则 1.tele- + 名词 → 合成名词（无拼写变化，直接拼接） tele + phone → telephone（电话）；tele + worker → teleworker（远程工作者） 2.e- + 名词 → 合成名词（无拼写变化，直接拼接） e + mail → email（电子邮件）；e + book → e-book（电子书） 2、英语六大基本句子结构（简单句） 英语简单句由一个主语（并列主语）+ 一个谓语（并列谓语）构成，共六大基本句型，是初中句法核心考点。 核心要点： 1.简单句只有一套主谓结构，表达完整独立的意思； 2.六大句型按谓语动词类型划分，牢记每种句型的结构和标志； 3.能快速判断句子结构，掌握每种句型的用法和例句。 句型类别 结构公式 核心特征 课文原句 主谓结构 S + Vi（主语 + 不及物动词） 动词后不加宾语，句意完整 My computer freezes. 主系表结构 S + V + P（主语 + 系动词 + 表语） 系动词+表语说明主语状态 You look good today. 主谓宾结构 S + Vt + O（主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语） 动词后必须加宾语 I got useful information online. 主谓双宾 S + Vt + IO + DO 动词后接人+物两个宾语 My partner sent me some information. 主谓宾宾补 S + Vt + O + OC 宾补补充说明宾语 We found the internet very helpful. There be 句型 There be + 主语 + 状语 表“某地存在某物” There is something wrong with your computer. 易混句型辨析 1.主谓宾 VS 主谓双宾：主谓宾只有一个宾语；主谓双宾有人（IO）+物（DO）两个宾语。 2.主谓双宾 VS 主谓宾宾补：双宾是两个独立宾语；宾补和宾语有补充说明关系。 3.There be VS have：There be 表“存在”；have 表“拥有”。 二、语法练习题 Exercise 1: 用括号内单词加前缀 tele- / e- 填空 1.We can buy things on TV. It’s ________ (shopping). 2.My father works at home with a computer. He is a ________ (worker). 3.I often send ________ (mail) to my pen pal online. 4.Many students read ________ (book) on their tablets. 5.Doctors can help patients far away. It’s ________ (medicine). 6.People do business online. It’s ________ (business). 7.We watch programs on ________ (vision). 8.Online shopping is part of ________ (marketing). 9.We talk with people far away by ________ (phone). 10.People pay online with ________ (money). Exercise 2: 判断句子结构（填序号） 句型：1.S+Vi 2.S+V+P 3.S+V+O 4.S+V+IO+DO 5.S+V+O+OC 6.There be 1.The sun rises in the east. ( ) 2.She is a good student. ( ) 3.He gave me a gift. ( ) 4.They keep the room clean. ( ) 5.There is a pen on the desk. ( ) 6.I like English very much. ( ) 7.The song sounds beautiful. ( ) 8.We call him Tom. ( ) 9.Birds fly happily. ( ) 10.There are some apples in the bag. ( ) Exercise 3: 按句子结构要求填空 1.My brother ________ (work) at home. He is a teleworker. (S+Vi) 2.The e-books ________ (be) very interesting. (S+V+P) 3.I often ________ (read) e-books on my phone. (S+V+O) 4.My mother ________ (send) me an email yesterday. (S+V+IO+DO) 5.We ________ (find) the internet very ________ (help). (S+V+O+OC) 6.There ________ (be) a teleconference tomorrow. (There be) 7.She ________ (look) happy today. (S+V+P) 8.They ________ (do) teleshopping every weekend. (S+V+O) 9.The teacher ________ (show) us some pictures just now. (S+V+IO+DO) 10.There ________ (be) many ways to use the Internet. (There be) Exercise 4: 按要求改写句子 1.He is a teleworker. (标出句子结构) 2.I send emails to my friends. (改为主谓双宾) 3.There is a computer in my room. (对划线部分提问) 4.The Internet is useful. (改为主谓宾宾补) 5.We do teleshopping on TV. (对划线部分提问) 练习题答案 Exercise 1: 1. teleshopping 2. teleworker 3. email 4. e-books 5. telemedicine 6. e-business 7. television 8. e-marketing 9. telephone 10. e-money Exercise 2: 1. 1 2. 2 3. 4 4. 5 5. 6 6. 3 7. 2 8. 5 9. 1 10. 6 Exercise 3: 1. works 2. are 3. read 4. sent 5. found; helpful 6. will be/is 7. looks 8. do 9. showed 10. are Exercise 4: 1. He is a teleworker .(主系表) S V P 2. I send my friends emails. 3. What’s in your room? 4. We find the Internet useful. 5. What do you do on TV? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $