专题 02 冠词专题--备战2027年高考英语一轮复习语法冲刺宝典

该高中英语冠词专题复习讲义，聚焦高考语法核心考点，系统梳理不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词的用法，按“名词搭配逻辑—泛指特指辨析—固定结构应用”层次架构知识，通过课前真题检测诊断学情，课中考点精讲（如a/an音素判断、定冠词“特指双熟悉”口诀），结合过关检测、基础巩固、拔高语篇练习，帮助学生构建完整知识网络，突破冠词使用难点。 讲义以高考真题为依托，创新采用“口诀记忆+语境辨析”教学策略，如对比university（辅音音素用a）与honest（元音音素用an）提升思维品质，分层训练（单句到语篇）强化语言能力，确保学生在有限时间内高效掌握考点，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供实用教学支撑。

专题 02 冠词专题--备战2027年高考英语一轮语法冲刺宝典 冠词 art. 上一章讨论完名词，接下来我们必然要讨论与名词密不可分的冠词(Article)的用法。在英语中，冠词与名词的关系极为密切 因为它必然是修饰某个名词，以冠词所指的范 围，对名词起泛指或特指等限定修饰作用，从名词短语(noun phrase)的角度来看，冠词或者是直接放在一个名词的前面来修饰它，构成“冠词+名词“这样的结构 (如 the teacher)，或者是在“冠词+形容词+名词” (如 the English teacher)这样的结构中来修饰名词。 在本章中我们主要讨论冠词。具体内容安排如下： 【课前检测】（5minutes) 1.This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with _______rise of science, changes began. 2. When we got a call saying she was short- listed, we thought it was _________ joke. 3. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over_______ past 25 years , while rice has increased only 7 percent. 4. Instead, she is earning L6,500 a day as _________model in New York. 5.For Pahlsson,its return was__________ wonder. 6.This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over_________top. 7.,68]Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for______ while, exercising,or doing something you enjoy. 8. ______ prize for the winner of the competition is __________two-week holiday in Paris. 课中讲解 一.冠词的定义 冠词(Article),一种虚词，本身不能独立使用，只能在名词前帮助说明名词所指人或事物，冠词有三种:不定冠词;定冠词;此外也有些特定场合不用冠词，称为零冠词. 二.冠词的分类和用法 冠词有不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词。 不定冠词 a用于辅音音素(而不是辅音字母)开头的单词前;an用于元音音素开头的单词前。 以下单词请注意元音字母发音为辅音音素:university， uniform, universe, universal, Europe, unite, united, union,unique........ 以下单词请注意辅音字母开头但以元音发音:honest, honesty， hour, honor....... 1. 表示泛指或初次提到的某人或某物，表示“一个..." He raises a black cat. I know a Mary, but not the famous one. A boy is waiting for you. 2. 表示数量中的“一”，相当于one Rome was not built in a day 3用于某些固定词组中。 a few, a little. a good many. a lot of , all of a sudden, as a rule, have a cold等。 【过关检测】(5 mins) .单句语法填空 1、As____ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. 2．Touching a classical Chinese instrument for the first time was truly unique experience. With every pluck and stroke of the strings, I felt a strange yet familiar emotion. 3．In the Beijing department store SKP, customers queued and even camped overnight for products from Laopu Gold, fast-rising Chinese heritage gold brand, even as global gold prices skyrocketed. 4．Today, while its practical use declines, the fan remains important cultural symbol. It is valued as a fine handicraft, a meaningful gift, and performance tool. 5．As an important origin of Chinese civilization, Southwest China is region where multiple ethnic groups have lived together and cultures have blended since ancient times. 6．Wearing a unique handcrafted Perler Bead accessory is like wearing identity card for their friend group, bringing like-minded peers closer. 7．Walking through its narrow halls, people can see statues of Sakyamuni, Laozi, and Confucius standing side by side — rare symbol of religious harmony in old China. 8．By engaging with this artifact, learners gain deep appreciation for China’s long-standing heritage. 定冠词 1.表示特定的人或物 表示上下文提到过的人或事物，也可指上文未提到过但谈话双方都知道的人或事物.特指某人或某事物. Do you know the woman standing under the tree? 2用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前 He was the first to speak against slavery Of all the boys, Alan is the best student who speaks Spanish. 3. 姓氏复数前加定冠词the表示一家人或夫妻两人 The Smiths moved to London years ago. 4.定冠词the 与单数名词、形容词或分词连用，表示一类人或事物 the rich富人 the living 生者 5.用于普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Summer Palace 颐和园 the Great Wall 长城 6. 表示世界上独一无二的东西 the earth, the moon, the stars, the sun 7.西洋乐器前 play the piano, play the guitar ★口诀总结: 特指双熟悉,上文已提及,世上独无二,序数最高级,普转专有名,习语及乐器 【基础练习】(10 mins) 单句语法填空 1.The little boy took the blind man by ______ arm and walked him across the street. 2.Then,_ ______Smiths were listening to the boy who was playing_______piano. 3.In fact,_________Chinese language is the most difficult one in the world. 4.I think Tom is _________ cleverer of the two boys who is ________ first to solve the problem. 5.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on_________Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in______ thirteenth century. 6．With the plan rolled out in phases, China is unveiling “space +” ambitions to explore whole solar system. 7．It reminds us that curiosity about unknown is part of human nature, and ancient stories are still attractive in the modern world. 8．The remaining 20 percent, some 80 volumes, pose greatest challenge in the process, as many are scattered in private collections or institutions abroad. 9．More importantly, researchers discovered some stone tools had been processed with handles attached, marking earliest known evidence of composite tools in East Asia. 10．We all know we should exercise more, but biggest barrier for many is feeling like we just don’t have an hour to spare. 11．They conclude that people choose to work out, driven by immediate rewards of feeling good and having fun with friends. 12．For many office workers, it is a daily “survival tool” to stay awake and keep up with demanding schedules. 【巩固练习】 I单句语法填空 1.Let's go to________ cinema----that'll take your mind off the problem. 2.I don't understand what the engineer means , but I've got________ rough idea of the project plan. 3.We can never expect________ bluer sky unless we create less polluted world. 4. This area experienced________heaviest rainfall in ________month of May. 5.In order to find_________ better job, he decided to study a second foreign language. 6.What________ pity that you couldn't be there to receive the prize! 7.It's not a good idea to drive for four hours without_________ break. 8.I ate a sandwich while I was waiting for________20:08 train. 9. George couldn't remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was_______ Sunday because everybody was at church. 10.We have every reason to believe that the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games was_______success. 11.________ first time I stood in front of a large group of students to give a speech, I felt a little nervous. 12.It is _______common mistake for students to present something as a proven fact when it is actually______ opinion 13.Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be______ Beethoven. II..完成句子 1．我昨天看了一场电影。电影是8点结束的。 I saw __________ __________ yesterday. __________ __________ was ended at 8 o’clock. 2．That’s ________ best movie I’ve ever seen! 那是我看过的最棒的电影！ 3．________ dolphin is an intelligent animal. 海豚是聪明的动物。 4．________ plant outside the window is Aaron’s. 窗外的植物是Aaron的。 5．I ordered a pizza and salad. ________ pizza was nice but ________ salad was disgusting. 我点了一份比萨和沙拉。比萨很好吃，但沙拉很难吃。 6．Students are expected to master ________ second language. 学生们应该掌握一门第二语言。 7．You have done ________ kindness. 你做了一件善事。 8．It was bitterly cold outside, and ________ heavy snow was falling. 外面天气非常冷，还下着大雪。 9．The car runs 80 kilometers ________ hour. 这辆车每小时跑80公里。 10．________ teacher is the person who leads students to a better future. 老师是带领学生走向更美好未来的人。 【拔高练习】 语法填空: Passage 1 Red envelopes have played 1 important part in Chinese New Year for as long as anyone can remember. So what’s the story behind the red envelopes during Chinese New Year? One popular story 2 (date) back to the Qin Dynasty, when the elderly would thread coins onto a red string. This money 3 (call) yasui qian in Chinese, meaning “ money protecting oneself from evil spirits ” , and was believed to protect elder people from sickness and 4 (die). As the printing press became more common, the yasui qian was replaced 5 red envelopes. Another legend tells of a village 6 a demon (恶魔)would terrorize children at night. It was believed that the demon would touch the children’s heads while they were asleep, 7 (cause) serious illness. From there, a theory emerged that when they prayed, the god would send eight fairies to protect the child. The fairies would disguise(伪装) 8 (they) as eight coins and hide under the child’s pillow. When the demon got close, the coins would begin to shine very 9 (bright) , blinding the demon. Word began to spread and the villagers started giving red envelopes 10 (fill) with coins to each other to put under their pillows at night. As time passed, red envelopes became a way to bring good luck and prosperity to the receiver. Passage 2 Language is sometimes written as a code so that people can communicate secrets. During 11 Second World War, the German Navy （海军）used a code to send messages. The British broke the code and 12 （learn） about many German plans. The Japanese also used a code to talk to 13 （they） ships at sea. It was called the Purple Code. Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it 14 （break）. In 1942 , the Americans began to use their own code to send 15 （secret）. A few Navajo（纳瓦在人）Indians made this code 16 （base） on their language, which only some American Indians spoke. The code described a few things the American army did. Only they could understand this code, so they went with the army as it fought against the Japanese. These Navajo soldiers promised 17 （keep） this code a secret, even though this could cause their 18 （die）. The Japanese never broke the code because they knew nothing 19 the Navajo language. And the code, 20 connected two languages, helped win the war in the Pacific. 参考答案： 课前检测： 1.the 2．a 【详解】句意：第一次触摸中国古典乐器是一次真正独特的经历。每拨动和弹奏一次琴弦，我都会感到一种陌生而又熟悉的情感。此处泛指“一次真正独特的经历”，且truly发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 3．a 【详解】句意：在北京SKP百货公司，尽管全球黄金价格飙升，顾客们仍排队甚至通宵露营，只为抢购老铺黄金这一快速崛起的中国传统黄金品牌的产品。此处表示泛指“一个快速崛起的中国传统黄金品牌”，且fast-rising以辅音音素开头，此处应为不定冠词a。 4．an 【详解】句意：如今，尽管扇子的实用功能有所下降，但它仍然是一个重要的文化符号。它被视为精美的手工艺品、有意义的礼物和表演工具。symbol是可数名词单数形式，在句中表示“一个重要的文化符号”，泛指，且important发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。 5．a 【详解】句意：作为中华文明的重要发源地，中国西南地区自古以来就是多民族聚居、文化交融的地区。此处泛指“一个地区”，且region发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 6．an 【详解】句意：佩戴独特的手工制作的美乐珠饰品就像佩戴一张他们朋友圈的身份证，让志同道合的同龄人更加亲近。此处泛指“一张身份证”，且identity以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 7．a 【详解】句意：穿过狭窄的大厅，人们可以看到释迦牟尼、老子和孔子的雕像并排而立——这是古代中国宗教和谐的一个罕见象征。句中symbol“象征”是可数名词单数，此处表泛指，且rare以辅音音素开头，故用a。 8．a 【详解】句意：通过接触这件文物，学习者对中国悠久的遗产有了深刻的认识。根据“deep appreciation”可知，此处需要用不定冠词表示泛指“一种深刻的认识”。deep发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。 过关检测：1.a 2.a 3.a 4.the-a 5.an-a 基础练习：I 1.the 2.the ,the 3.the 4.the ,the 5. the,the 6．the 【详解】句意：随着计划的分阶段实施，中国正展现出探索整个太阳系的“太空+”雄心。此处特指整个太阳系，应用定冠词the。 7．the 【详解】句意：它提醒我们，对未知事物的好奇心是人类天性的一部分，古代故事在现代世界仍然具有吸引力。“the+形容词”表示一类事物。the unknown意为“未知的事物”。 8．the 【详解】句意：剩下的20%，约80卷，在这个过程中构成了最大的挑战，因为许多散落在国外的私人收藏或机构中。空后为形容词最高级greatest，应用定冠词the。 9．the 【详解】句意：更重要的是，研究人员发现一些石器经过加工并装有手柄，这标志着东亚已知最早的复合工具证据。根据“earliest known evidence”可知，此处需要用定冠词the修饰形容词最高级earliest，表示“最早的”。 10．the 【详解】句意：我们都知道应该多锻炼，但对很多人来说，最大的障碍是觉得自己抽不出一个小时的时间。在形容词最高级前需用定冠词the。 11．the 【详解】句意：他们得出结论：人们选择健身，是受心情愉悦、和朋友玩乐这些即时回报的驱使。此处“immediate rewards”被后置定语限定，表特指，需用定冠词the。 12．the 【详解】句意：对于许多上班族来说，它是一种日常 “生存工具”，能让他们保持清醒，跟上繁重的日程安排。根据句意可知，对很多办公室职员而言，明确指出是上班族所面对的那种特定的日程，用定冠词the。 巩固练习：1.1.the 2.a 3.a a 4.the/a the 5.a 6.a 7.a 8.the 9.a 10.a 11.The 12.a an 13.a II.1． a film The film 【详解】考查冠词。根据句意，第一句中“一场电影”是首次提及，表泛指，用不定冠词 a 修饰可数名词单数 film；第二句中“电影”是特指前一句提到的那部，表特指，用定冠词 the，符合“昨天看电影且电影8点结束”的语义逻辑。故填①a②film③The④film。 2．the 【详解】考查冠词。最高级best前需与定冠词the连用。故填the。 3．The 【详解】考查冠词。此处名词dolphin特指海豚这种动物，用定冠词，首字母大写。故填The。 4．The 【详解】考查定冠词。此处特指窗外的这个植物，应用定冠词the，句首单词首字母大写，故填The。 5． The the 【详解】考查冠词。根据上文“a pizza and salad”可知，空处第二次提到pizza和salad，需用定冠词the修饰表示特指。故填①The；②the。 6．a 【详解】考查冠词的特殊用法。根据中英文句子可知，空处缺少“一门（第二语言）”的英文表达。序数词“second”前通常加定冠词“the”表“顺序中的第二”，但本句中“second language”并非强调顺序，而是侧重“除母语外的另一门、额外的一门语言”，此时应用不定冠词，second为辅音开头，应用“a”，构成“a+序数词+名词”的结构，表示“又一、另一”，符合“掌握一门第二语言”的语义。故填a。 7．a 【详解】考查冠词。kindness意为“善事，善行”时是可数名词，表示“一件善事”，且kindness发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 8．a 【详解】考查冠词用法。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“一场大雪”应用a heavy snow，a为不定冠词，用于修饰以辅音音素开头的名词短语heavy snow，表泛指一场具体的降雪。故填a。 9．an 【详解】考查冠词。此处泛指“一小时”，且hour以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 10．A 【详解】考查冠词。“老师”此处是泛指，应用不定冠词来修饰，且teacher发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，句首单词首字母大写，故填A。 拔高练习：语法填空1．an 2．dates 3．was called 4．death 5．with 6．where 7．causing 8．themselves 9．brightly 10．filled 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了红包的来历。 1．考查冠词。part是可数名词单数形式，且important 的发音以元音音素开头，play an important part in... 意为“在……中发挥重要作用”。故填an。 2．考查时态。date back to意为“始于(某时期)，追溯到……年代”，根据上下文可知，该短语常用一般现在时,没有被动语态和进行时。故填dates。 3．考查时态和语态。根据下文中的 “ and was believed o protect elder people ”可知，空处应用一般过去时；This money和call之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填was called。 4．考查名词。根据空前的名词sickness和and可知，death与名词sickness是并列的关系，应填名词形式。故填death。 5．考查介词。此处为“replace A with B ”结构的被动形式，意为“用B替换A”。故填with。 6．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a village，它是表示地点的名词，且定语从句中缺少地点状语，所以要且关系副词引导该从句，故填 where。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：人们相信恶魔会在孩子们睡着的时候摸他们的头，结果引起严重的疾病。根据语境可知，此处是表示顺理成章的结果，应用动词-ing形式作结果状语。故填causing。 8．考查代词。此处指仙女们把自己伪装成八个硬币。当主语和宾语是同一个人或物时，宾语要用其反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。 9．考查副词。根据空前的动词shine和very可知,此处应用副词brightly修饰动词shine。故填brightly。 10．考查非谓语动词。red envelopes与fill之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，意思是“被装满了硬币的信封”，所以应用动词-ed形式作后置定语。故填filled。 11．the 12．learned/learnt 13．their 14．had been broken 15．secrets 16．based 17．to keep 18．deaths 19．about 20．which 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了二战时期不同国家使用的一些语言密码。 11．考查冠词。此处特指第二次世界大战，序数词前面要用定冠词 the。故填the。 12．考查时态。根据前文During the Second World War可知是过去发生的事情，所以此处用一般过去时learned/learnt。故填learned/learnt。 13．考查代词。此处表示日本人也用密码跟他们的船只交流，修饰名词ships应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 14．考查时态及语态。根据前文Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it可知，美国人破解了密码，但日本人不知道密码已经被破解了。break动作发生在didn’t know之前，故本空应用过去完成时，且根据语境可知此处应用被动语态，故填 had been broken。 15．考查名词复数。根据语境可知美国人用密码传递秘密，秘密不可能是一个，应用复数 secrets。故填secrets。 16．考查过去分词。此处指一些纳瓦霍印第安人以他们的语言为基础创造了密码。be based on意为“以……为基础”，本空应用过去分词based。故填based。 17．考查不定式。promise to do sth. 意为“承诺做某事”，本空应用to keep作宾语。故填to keep。 18．考查名词复数。设空处作动词cause的宾语，并且被形容词性物主代词their修饰，所以用名词复数。故填deaths。 19．考查介词。根据语境可知，他们对纳瓦霍印第安人的语言一无所知。know nothing about...意为“对……一无所知”，本空应介词 about。故填about。 20．考查定语从句的关系词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the code, 关系词在从句中作主语，应用which。故填which。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $