内容正文:
高中英语选择性必修第一册(人教版)
Period 3
本单元的语法项目:主语从句
在主从复合句中充当主语的从句就是主
语从句,它是名词性从句之一。引导主语从
句的连接词有:
从属连词
that,whether
what,which,who,whom,whose,whatev-
连接代词
er,whichever,whoever,whomever
连接副词
when,where,how,why
一、主语从句的引导词
1.从属连词
that引导主语从句,起连接作用,不在从
句中充当成分,没有实际意义,不能省略。
whether引导主语从句,意为“是否”,放
在句首、句末皆可。
That you are coming to London is the best
news I have heard this long time.
你将来伦敦是这么长时间以来我听到的
最好的消息。
Whether it will do us harm remains to be
seen.
是否对我们有害还要看一看。
It remains to be seen whether it will do us
harm.
是否对我们有害还要看一看。
2.连接代词
在由连接代词what,which,who,whom,
whose,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever
86)学
Grammar
引导的主语从句中,连接代词充当一定的
成分。
What we need is more practice.
我们需要的是更多的练习。
Whoever comes in first will receive a prize.
无论谁先到都可以得奖。
注:wh-疑问词+ever在主语从句中不含
疑问意义,它引导主语从句,在从句中作主
语、宾语、表语等。wh-疑问词+ever还能引导
让步状语从句。
Whoever breaks the law should be pun-
ished.(主语从句)
Anyone who breaks the law should be
punished.
任何违反法律的人都应该受到惩罚。
Whoever breaks the law,he should be pun-
ished.(让步状语从句)
No matter who breaks the law,he should
be punished.
不管谁违反了法律,他都应该受到惩罚。
3.连接副词
由连接副词when,where,how和why引
导的主语从句,连接副词在从句中作状语。
How it was done was a mystery.
这是怎样做的是一个谜。
Where I spend my summer is no business
of yours.
我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。
4.t作形式主语
般来说,主语从句都是放在句首,但有
时为了使句子平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用t
作形式主语,从而把主语从句放在后面。常
见的t作形式主语的句式有以下几种:
(1)It+be+名词+从句。(常见名词有
fact,pity,wonder,shame,honour,question)
It is a pity that you can't attend the meet-
ing.
你不能出席会议太遗憾了。
(2)It+be+形容词+从句。(常见形容
necessary,clear,likely,important,strange,
natural,obvious,certain,true)
It is obvious that we cannot go on like this.
显而易见,我们不能再继续这样下去了。
It is necessary that you (should)master the
computer
掌握电脑是很有必要的。
(3)It+be+过去分词+从句。(常见过
去分词有known,expected,believed,thought,
hoped,suggested,demanded)
It is reported that 16 people were killed in
the traffic accident.
据报道,16人在车祸中丧生。
It is thought that he is the best player.
据说他是最好的选手。
(4)It+不及物动词(词组)+从句。(常
见动词和词组有happen,appear,matter,make
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
no difference,occur)
It does not matter if I missed my train.
我是否错过火车没关系。
It happened that I saw him yesterday.
我昨天碰巧看见他了。
二、主语从句需要注意的儿个问题
1.主语从句必须用陈述语序。
When he will come is not known.
还不知道他什么时候来。
2.连词that在从句中无实际意义,但不
能省略。
That he will not come to the meeting this
evening is true.
今晚他不来参加会议是真的。
3.whether可以引导主语从句,放在句
首,但f不能。
Whether the match will be canceled has
not been decided yet.
比赛是否取消还没决定。
4.主语从句的谓语动词多用第三人称单
数形式。两个或两个以上的从句作主语,谓
语动词用复数。两个或两个以上的连词引导
一个主语从句,谓语动词用单数。
When he will come is a puzzle.
他什么时候来是个谜。
Where he was born and where he lives now
are unclear.
他在哪儿出生和他现在在哪儿生活没人
知道。
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N
高中英语选择性必修第一册(人教版)
When and where the meeting is to be held
hasn't been decided yet.
何时何地举行会议还没决定。
5.what引导的主语从句,可根据表语决
定主句谓语动词的单复数形式。
88)学
N
What he needs is that book.
他需要的是那本书。
What he needs are some books.
他需要的是一些书。