Unit 4 Culture Background Analysis&Period1 Reading and Thinking&Leaming About Language）-【新课程能力培养】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册学习手册（人教版）

高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版） UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE Culture Background Analysis When we communicate with others,we do Another common example of misunder- not only express ourselves through words,but al- standing is the use of a smile.In some Asian so through our tones of voice,facial expressions cultures,a smile can show embarrassment or a- and body language.In fact,many scholars be- pology.However,smiling at a teacher who is lieve that far more information is communicated unhappy with you is probably not a good idea in non-verbally(非口头地).Body language is just most English-speaking cultures! an important part of non-verbal communication. So it's worth learning the cultural differ- Learning another language is more than ences in body language.Understanding any cul- just learning its words and grammar;it also in- tural or regional attitudes can help you improve volves learning another culture.We learn much your communicative skills. of our body language before we learn to speak 根据上文判断正(T)误(F) from the time we are children.Body language )1.When we communicate with others,we varies from culture to culture,so it's important only express ourselves through words. for us to pay attention. )2.Learning another language is just learn- Sometimes,cultural differences in appropri- ing its words and grammar. ate body language can cause discomfort or mis- ( )3.Body language differs from culture to understanding too.For example,there are defi- culture. nite cultural differences in how much distance )4.It is of great importance for us to un- should be kept between two speakers.If you are derstand the differences of body lan- used to keeping distance with people,you will guages in different cultures. feel very uncomfortable when people get closer )5.According to the passage,a smile is to you while talking at a party.We call this the used to show embarrassment or apolo- “personal comfort zone”. gy in some African countries. 54)学 N UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE Period 1 Reading and Thinking Learning About Language I.重点知识讲解 在正式聚会上穿牛仔裤是不合适的。 1.vary o.变化；改变：使有变化 (2)He acted in such a danger- 【归纳拓展】 ous situation. various adj.多样的；各种各样的 在这样危险的情况下，他的行为是合 variety n.多种，种类；变化；多样化 适的。 a variety of/varieties of各种各样的；不同种 3.approve.批准；赞成 类的 【归纳拓展】 vary in sth.在…方面变化；在…方面有 approve sth.批准某事 差异 approve of支持；赞同 vary with sth.随着…变化 approve of sb.doing sth.同意某人做某事 vary from sth.to sth./vary between...and... approval n.赞成，认可；同意，批准 …到…不等 without approval未经许可 【情境助记】 with one's approval经过某人同意 (1)The student's work in quali- 【情境助记】 ty. (1)Her father will never her 学生作业的质量参差不齐。 marriage to you. (2)Prices the season 她的父亲不会同意她和你结婚。 价格随着季节变化。 (2)The city council the build- (3)She took the job for reasons. ing plan. 她由于种种原因接受了这份工作。 市议会批准了这项建筑计划。 (4)This tool can be used in a of 4.witness v.目击；见证 ways. n. 目击者：证人 这一工具有多用途。 【归纳拓展】 2.appropriate ad,正当的；适当的 be(a)witness to sth.目击，看见某事发生 【归纳拓展】 witness to sth../doing sth.在法庭上作证 appropriately ad.适当地 【情境助记】 be appropriate to/for对…是适当的 (1)My clothes are a to my pov- 【情境助记】 erty (1)Jeans are not for a formal 我穿的衣服证明我是贫穷的。 party. (2)She was shocked by the violent scenes she 55 高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版） 【归纳拓展】 她被亲眼目睹的暴力场面惊呆了。 do a favour for sb./dosb.a favour帮某人一个 5.employ.雇佣；利用 忙 【归纳拓展】 in favour of支持；赞成 employer n.雇主，老板 insb.’s favour对…有利 employee n.雇员 【情境助记】 employment n.工作，职业；使用，利用 (1)Most of them were my opin- out of employment失业 ion while David was against it. employ sb.to do sth.雇佣某人做.. 大部分人支持我的观点，但是David employ sb.as..雇佣某人做.…；聘请某人 反对。 担任 (2)Chance only the prepared be employed in doing sth.从事于；忙于做某事 mind. 【情境助记】 机会总是留给有准备的人。 (1)He is in a bank. 8.by contrast对比起来，相比之下 他在一家银行任职。 Mary is much diligent (2)The manager making a fu- than Tom. ture plan for his company. 相比之下，玛丽比汤姆勤奋得多。 经理忙于为公司制订一个将来计划。 9.by comparison与…比较起来 6.differ vi.使…相异；使…不同 【归纳拓展】 【归纳拓展】 compare..with把.…和…作比较 differ from.和…不同 compare..to把.…比喻为 differ in..在…方面不同 compared with/to与…相比（过去分词短语 different ad.不同的；个别的 放句首作状语)》 differently ad.不同地；差异 【情境助记】 difference n. 差异；不同 (1)This one costs more but is cheaper 【情境助记】 (1)Our tastes each other. 这个东西价格贵一点，但是比较起来还是 我们品味不一样。 便宜。 (2)The two boxes size but not (2)Let us your translation in colour. the model translation on the 两个盒子大小不一样，颜色却相同。 blackboard. 7.favour v.喜爱；偏袒 将你的译文与黑板上的模范译文加以 n.喜爱；恩惠 比较。 56 学 UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE (3)Sometimes teachers candles. (2)Nobody knew when the fire 有时老师被比作蜡烛。 but they knew it was put out the next morn- (4) cars,bikes are more envi- ing. ronmental 没人知道这场大火什么时候发生的，但是 和轿车相比，自行车更环保。 他们知道第二天它被扑灭了。 10.get through通过；到达；做完；接通电话； (3)He his engagement just be- 度过，熬过（困难时期等） fore the wedding. 【情境助记】 他在婚礼前解除了婚约。 (1)I think you can the first two (4)Two friends have an argument that chapters. their friendship forever. 我想你能完成前两章。 对朋友发生了争执，永远结束了他们 (2)It is hard to see how people 之间的友谊。 the winter. Ⅱ. 重点句型解读 很难想象人们将怎样熬过这个冬天。 1.Words are important,but the way people (3)I can't get through this num- stand,hold their arms,and move their ber. hands can also give us information about 我打不通这个号码。 their feelings. 11.break down出故障，坏掉；失败；（健康） 语言很重要，但是人们站立，握住手臂和手 垮掉 移动的方式也给我们提供了他们的情感 【归纳拓展】 信息。 break away from脱离/挣脱.… 【句法分析】 break in插话，插入 the way作“方式”讲时，其后面的定语从句的 break into破门而入 引导词（在从句中作状语）有三种情况： break up粉碎；解散 ①in which break through冲破，突破 ②that break off折断，中断 ③省略引导词 break out突然爆发，发生 (1)I don't like the way you spoke to her. 【情境助记】 我不喜欢你和她说话的方式。 (1)He had to pause from time to time to wipe (2)It's not what you say;it's the way that you the sweat from his forehead,because the say it. airconditioning system 问题不在于你说什么，而在于怎么说。 他不得不时常停下来擦额头的汗，因为空 2.For example,making eye contact-loo- 调坏了。 king into someone's eyes-in some coun- 57 高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版） tries is a way to display interest. 视频来记录我们在校的经历。 例如，在一些国家，眼神的交流一直视某 After a heated discussion,the teacher finally 人的眼睛是表达出自己感兴趣的方式。 at school.(ap- 【句法分析】 prove 动词的-ing形式在句中作主语，谓语动词用 2.我们的城市见证了四个不同的季节，充足 单数。采用动名词作主语的句式：it is no 的阳光和雨量充沛，但在冬天，你可能会觉 good/use/fun/useless doing. 得有点冷。 (1)Reading makes a full man. Our city 读书使人充实。 plenty of sunshine and good rainfall,but in (2)In many countries,shaking one's head winter you may feel a little cold. means“no”,and nodding means“yes”. 3.各国对餐桌礼仪的观点大相径庭。 在一些国家，摇头意思是“不”，点头意思 from country 是“是”。 to country. (3)It is no use crying over spilt milk. 4.非常抱歉，周五下午不能和你一起去书店 覆水难收。 了。我刚发现那天下午我有一个重要的会 Ⅲ.小试牛刀 议要参加。 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 I'm terribly sorry for not being able to go to 1.Opportunity those with a curi- the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.I ous mind.(favour) have just found that I 2.For lots of people,the natural (react)is to get angry when they are cheated 5.我给你写信想要告诉你一些关于我暑假的 by others. 计划，希望你能帮助我。 3.His plan was and the I am writing to tell you something about my won him many plan for the coming summer vacation and I al- glances.approve) so want you to 4.From their appearance,we cannot tell the between the twins,but the ways 三、语篇填空 they walk are And they also People usually communicate with others by in their voices.differ) spoken words.1. body language is 5.Just like spoken language,body language widely used in our daily life.Have you ever vary)from culture to culture. used body language to communicate with others? 二、按要求完成下列句子 I think the answer is 2. definite) 1.经过热烈的讨论，老师最终同意我们制作 sure.You must have smiled to your friend when 58 UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE you meet him again after a long time.Smile is amaze )thing that we understand body language.And it is obvious that through each other as well as we do.Not all cultures human being's history,people 3. greet each other the same way,nor are they (use)body language to communicate with others comfortable in 8. same way with frequently. touching or distance between people.These ac- Body language is one of the most powerful tions are not good or bad,but are simply ways in means of communication,often even more pow- which cultures have developed.I have seen, erful 4. spoken language.People a- however,that cultural customs for body language round the world show all kinds of feelings,wi- 9 (be)very general-nor all mem- shes and attitudes 5. they might never bers of a culture behave alike.10. speak aloud.With so many cultural differences general,studying international customs can cer- between people,it is great to have some 6. tainly help avoid difficulties in today's world of similar)in body language.We can cultural crossroads. often be wrong about each other,so it is an 7. 学(59ing or night 3.Since reindeer were always on the move 三、语篇填空 1.buffeting 2.the 3.covered 4.who 5.accompa- nied 6.cottages 7.from 8.development 9.is hoped 10.blessed Period 2 Using Language I.重点知识讲解 L.【题组训练】(I)appealing to(2)to appeal to (3)appealed to 2.【题组训练】(1)amused themselves with(2)was amused (3)amusing 3.【题组训练】(1)more than(2)more than (3)more than (4)more;than (5)more than 4.【题组训练】(1)rare(2)rare for her(3)doI 5.【题组训练】(1)If's up to you.(2)up and down (3)up to 6.【题组训练】(1)vary(2)various(3)variety 7.【题组训练】for Ⅱ.重点句型解读 L.【题组训练】(I)however(2)Whatever (3)Whoever (4)Wherever (5)Whichever 2.【题组训练】(l)Climbing mountains(2）Watc- hing films (3)Washing hands before meals Ⅲ.小试牛刀 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.fascinating 2.learning 3.entertainment 4.appeal- ing 5.whatever 6.to try 7.amusement 8.amusing 二、按要求完成句子 UNIT 4 BOD Culture Background Analysis 1-5 FFTTE Period 1 Reading and Thinking Learning About Language I.重点知识讲解 1.【情境助记】 (1)varies (2)vary with (3)various (4)variety 2.【情境助记】 (1)appropriate (2)appropriately 参考答案与解析。 1.Some parks are famous for;others 2.Whichever and whatever you like 3.As you wander around the fantasy a- musement park 三、语篇填空 1.formally 2.a 3.to obtain 4.made 5.covers 6.to 7.accounting 8.is located 9.which 10.Therefore Period 4 Writing 读后续写 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1: On Monday morning,hiding behind the window,we soon saw what we were waiting for.It turned out that there were three of them from our school.They sneaked up on our snow- man and sneered.Taking their places on either side,they pulled back their legs to deliver powerful kicks.But the mo- ment they hit the hard ice block of the base,sneers turned into shock,then agony and tears.They howled and cursed,gritting their teeth and stomping their feet. Paragraph 2: Seeing their pained look,we couldn't help laughing.They were too funny as they hopped away holding their injured feet. We just couldn't contain our happiness and excitement.With a hearty laugh,we came out of hiding and sprang into the yard from inside the house.“An eye for an eye！Justice done!” We yelled behind them.And that was the end of our problems with the snow bullies.Ever since then,our snowman was kept guarded and intact until it happily melted into spring water and finally wove into our sweetest childhood memories. LANGUAGE 3.【情境助记】 (1)approve of (2)approved 4.【情境助记】 (1)witness (2)had witnessed 5.【情境助记】 (1)employed (2)was employed in 6.【情境助记】 (1)differ from (2)differ in 7.【情境助记】 (1)in favour of (2)favours 65 高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版） 8.【情境助记】 By contrast 9.【情境助记】 (1)by comparison (2)compare;with (3)are com- pared to (4)Compared to/with 10.【情境助记】 (1)get through (2)will get through (3)to 11.【情境助记】 (1)broke down (2)broke out (3)broke off (4)breaks up Ⅲ.小试牛刀 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.favours 2.reaction 3.approved;approval;approving 4.differences:different:differ 5.varies 二、按要求完成下列句子 1.approved of us making a video to record our experiences 2.witnesses four different seasons 3.Opinions on table manners differ greatly 4.have an important meeting to attend that afternoon 5.do me a favour 三、语篇填空 1.However 2.definitely 3.used 4.than 5.that 6.similarities 7.amazing 8.the 9.are 10.In Period 2 Using Language I.重点知识讲解 1.【情境助记】 (1)occupied;occupied (2)occupies (3)is occu- pied 2.【情境助记】 (1)stare at (2)glanced at (3)glaring at 3.【情境助记】 (1)distinguish;from (2)distinguished for 4.【情境助记】 (1)anxiety (2)anxious about (3)anxious for 5.【情境助记】 (1)embarrassed (2)embarrasses 6.【情境助记】 (1)of (2)shameful (3)to ask 7.【情境助记】 (1)bothering (2)getting (3)with 8.【情境助记】 (1)adjusts:to (2)is adjusted (3)to adjust to 66 9.【情境助记】 (1)to forget (2)There (3)to/towards 10.【情境助记】 (1)call me up (2)was called off 11.【情境助记】 (1)react to (2)reaction 12.【情境助记】 (1)in other words (2)have a word with Ⅲ.小试牛刀 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.occupation 2.distinguished 3.adjustment 4.anxi- ety 5.reliable 二、按要求完成下列句子 1.will feel ashamed 2.Don't bother to turn to me for help 3.can be employed to express our feelings 4.not all of us do well in 5.adjust yourself to 三、语篇填空 1.is used 2.easily 3.is 4.meanings 5.but 6.If 7.a 8.with 9.it 10.Following Period 4 Writing 读后续写 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1: We took him to the vet,who said the dog appears to be in good health,despite his having been abandoned.He figured out the dog is about two or three years of age,from the condi- tion of his teeth.Then the vet gave him all the required shots and applied some medicine to the scars and new wounds.A- bout a month later,the dog changed into a strong and lovely one.He is both sweet and gentle. Paragraph 2: Now we all love the dog very much.He once helped save me from trouble.One day my husband went to work in a hurry,for- getting to turn off the gas.I was sleeping soundly when I heard the dog barking like crazy.I was woken up,realizing something unusual must have happened in our house.It turned out that the house was filled with gas,which made me in danger.I owed it to the dog that I avoided a disaster.Since then,the pit bull has become a member of our family.