06：中考压轴题首字母填空之生态环保（名校试题精选）-2026 年中考英语总复习核心考点与题型突破（上海专用）

中考压轴题首字母填空之生态环保（名校试题精选） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 【考前专训·首字母特辑】 Passage 1. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Air pollution, as we know it today, started with the Industrial Revolution in Europe in the 19th century. In the last few decades, it has b 1 a serious problem for our environment. When harmful elements get into the air, they may cause health problems and can also d 2 the environment, buildings and soil. They make the ozone layer (臭氧层) much thinner and the climate more changeable. Our modern lifestyle has led to dirtier air over the years. Factories, all kinds of vehicles, the growing number of people are the things that are r 3 for air pollution today. But not all air pollution is caused by people. Smog, forest fires, dust storms and volcanic eruptions can also lead to the pollution of the atmosphere. Smog(雾霾) is a m 4 of smoke and fog. It occurs when gases from hurt fuel get together with fog on the ground. When heat and sunlight get together with these gases, they form dangerous particles (颗粒) in the air. Smog occurs in big cities with a lot of traffic, e 5 in the summer time. When it is very hot. Smog stays near the ground. It causes lung diseases and breathing problems and in smog areas, we can’t see well. Today, cities with a large p 6 have the biggest smog problems—Los Angeles, Mexico City or Cairo. The smog often stays over the cities for many days. Thousands of people die in London every year. A lot of measures have been taken to prevent smog so far. Drivers are not a 7 to drive on smog days in some cities. Factories use coal that doesn’t have much sulfur (硫磺) in it. So cars are much environmentally friendly today. Passage 2. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) World’s Smelliest Fruits Could Be Used to Charge Electric Cars Durian is a fruit that looks like a spiky pineapple. It is a delicacy in some Asian countries, but its smell is so unpleasant that some of those countries have banned it from p 8 places. Scientists in Australia have discovered that they can use the world’s smelliest fruits to make devices that could p 9 electric cars. Vincent Gomes and his colleagues at the University of Sydney used a durian and jackfruit (菠萝蜜) to make energy-storing devices called supercapacitors (超级电容器). Supercapacitors are an alternative to batteries. They can’t store as much energy as a n 10 battery does, but they are much quicker to recharge. In many electric cars, movement energy is changed into electrical energy when the vehicle brakes (刹车). This can be stored in a supercapacitor and released as a source of extra power for acceleration (加速). Durians and jackfruits contain some of the chemicals used in supercapacitors, which gave Gomes the i 11 . To make the fruit-based devices, the team heated and then freeze-dried the cores of the durian and jackfruit to make a special kind of material called an aerogel (气凝胶). Aerogels are one of the world’s lightest solid materials. Often called “frozen smoke”, they are made by removing the liquid from a gel and r 12 it with air. They have many scientific uses, but one of their special properties (性质) is the ability to conduct electric currents, which makes them an important part of supercapacitors. The aerogels made from durians and jackfruits both w 13 well when placed inside a supercapacitor, although the durian aerogel was found to be the better of the two. The discovery is important because the materials currently used to make supercapacitors are expensive. Using natural foods like durians and jackfruits, Gomes says, could reduce environmental pollution, as well as c 14 . Passage 3. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Eating Insects: A Different Choice for Our Future Have you ever found an insect (昆虫) in your apple? Most people would find it a terrible experience and probably t 15 the food away immediately. However, in many parts of the world, people do not react this way. In fact, for people in about 80% of countries, eating insects is quite common. The United Nations (UN) is encouraging more people to consider insects as food. There are two main r 16 for this. First, the world’s population is growing very fast and is forecasted to reach over 9 billion by 2050. We will need to find new ways to p 17 enough food for everyone. Second, traditional farming of animals like cows and pigs causes serious environmental problems. Insects, on the other hand, need much less water and land. In Japan, while not very common now, eating insects has a long history, especially during difficult times like after World War Ⅱ. Today, a number of restaurants in Tokyo are trying to bring this habit b 18 . They are working hard to make insects a popular food choice. You can find dishes like cricket ramen, silkworm skewers, and even dumplings with insect toppings. The founder of one such restaurant, Yuta Shinohara, first read about the idea in a UN report while he was still a student. He believed it was a good s 19 for the future. He says that insects are not only tasty but also very h 20 and rich in nutrients (营养). He hopes that more people will open their eyes to the benefits of eating insects. Although it might seem u 21 to some, it could become an important part of our diet in the future. Passage 4. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Walk to School Week takes place from 15 to 19 May. As well as being better for the environment, regular walking can improve your body and mind. Why is walking good for you? Have you ever noticed you have more energy after a walk? According to experts, walking isn’t just good for your p 22 health, but it can also clear your mind, sharpen your senses and lift your mood. In fact, many people c 23 walking “one of the great superpowers” because it makes your brain work harder. Making walks part of your daily routine (日常事) means you can use this superpower more o 24 . How do you make the most of your walks? Walking with friends or family is a great opportunity to catch up (叙旧) and t 25 about your daily life, including any friendship or homework worries. If there is a field or a park on the way, you can make a game when you try to find a different bird or insect every day. Walking along pavements is a chance to practise road safety skills and make you know better about t 26 rules. It’s also an opportunity to get to know your neighbourhood better. What will you do if you can’t walk all the way to school? Not everyone can get to school on foot but there are lots of ways to make walking or exercise part of your daily routine. If you catch a bus, try getting off a stop e 27 and walking the rest of the way. Fewer cars outside the school gates will also mean l 28 pollution in the air, which is good for everybody and the planet too. Passage 5. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Stand up and Join in When most kids go to the beach, they’re too focused on playing with sand to notice litter. But for Cash Daniels, noticing a plastic straw (吸管) several years ago started a lifelong career in saving the planet. Cash has always loved n 29 . He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80% of waste from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t sit back and do nothing. With the help of his family, Cash took the first step toward change—cleaning up the river. It q 30 went from a family act to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors. Now 14 years old, Cash has had a really p 31 influence on his hometown. B 32 hosting river cleanups, he has written a children’s book about river pollution. He has also raised enough money to put 17 recycling bins along the Tennessee River. In the process, he’s helped remove 14, 000 pounds of waste and r 33 1.5 tons of aluminum (铝), and that is just the beginning! “I started The Cleanup Kids with my friend Ella,” Cash said. “Our g 34 is to make a difference where we live. We want to teach kids how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean.” “I also want to help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean—if you love it and love what lives in it—you’ll want to p 35 it,” Cash continued. “Every little action matters. One person can make a big change if he simply stands up and joins in.” Passage 6. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) The Answer Is In the Trees Dave Meko, a scientist at the University of Arizona, noticed that from 1999 to the following years it became drier and drier. And water levels in the huge Colorado River were dropping rapidly. This was the b 36 of a serious drought (干旱). Everyone began asking, “How long will it last?” Meko believed that he could find the answer in the trees. Meko is a tree-ring expert. He studies the rings within a tree to find information about climate change. Each year, a tree adds a new layer of wood. These layers look like a series of rings. During times of h 37 rainfall, a ring is wide. When there is a shortage of water, a ring is narrow. These rings are nature’s record of rainfall and climate change. Meko and his team quickly started a new research project. Their goal was to find out how long previous droughts lasted. The team collected as many old wood samples as possible. They tested wood samples from 1,200 years ago until the p 38 . When they examined the rings, the news about rainfall in the past was not good. Meko’s research showed that the 20th century was an unusually wet time. Trees from this period had wide, healthy rings. Rain was plentiful during that century, millions of people moved to the region. Before that time, however, the rings showed that droughts occurred on a r 39 basis. In fact, drought was part of the usual climate pattern. There were severe droughts in the 900s, the 1100s, and the late 1200s. Human history s 40 to support Meko’s findings. The native Anasazi lived in this area for hundreds of years, starting around 500 AD．They were farmers and depended on water to grow their crops. However, at the end of the 13th century, the Anasazi suddenly left the area. Experts do not know e 41 why the Anasazi left. They think it was because there was no longer enough water to farm. And Meko’s tree rings clearly show a serious drought at that time. How long will the current drought last? Using nature’s c 42 from the past, experts predict that this drought may continue for another 50 years. Passage 7. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) The earthquake shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of walls and chimneys in San Francisco. But the fire that followed burned up hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of buildings. Not in history has a modern city been so completely d 43 . San Francisco is gone. Nothing remains of it but memories. On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. By Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone. I watched the big fires from out on the bay. East, west, north and south, strong winds were blowing upon the dead city. Day and night the fires c 44 . Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Time and time again, s 45 efforts were made by the firefighters, and every time, the flames would appear once again from the sides or from behind them only to defeat their hard-won victory. Throughout the night, tens of thousands of homeless people made their e 46 . Toy wagons and go-carts were used as trucks. Union Square was packed with refugees (难民). Government tents had been set up. People were lining up for free meals. Everybody was p 47 . Never in all of San Francisco’s history were her people so kind as on this horrible night. At one o’clock in the morning, I walked down t 48 the heart of the city. A rain of ashes was falling. Not one person was in sight. I stood at the corner of Kearney and Market. The place had been given up. A few blocks away, it was burning on both sides. The street was a wall of flames. All day Thursday and Thursday night, all day Friday and Friday night, the fires continued to burn. Friday night saw the flames finally put out, though not until after Russian Hill and Telegraph Hill had been burned down. All of the neighboring cities and towns have been crowded with those who are now h 49 . Refugees are being transported for free by the railroads to any place they wish to go. Over one hundred thousand people have left the city. Passage 8. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Should Zoos Still Exist? Happy, an Asian elephant, lives at the Bronx Zoo in New York City. But the Nonhuman Rights Project (NhRP) says the zoo doesn't provide the space that Happy needs, and Happy r 50 has social activities. The NhRP is taking the Bronx Zoo to court. The case has restarted conversations about whether or not zoos should still exist. Here, TIME for Kids readers collect different ideas. Grace Hipp, 8 YES     Many animal species are saved from disappearing forever thanks to zoos. This past summer, I saw the California condor (秃鹫) at the San Diego Zoo and learned about the breeding (繁殖) program there. Forty years ago, these animals were almost g 2 in the wild. But the zoo has taken some of them in and helped them breed. Now there are many more California condors. Yanni Watson, 12 NO We should not have zoos. In zoos, animals might not be given proper living conditions. They might also be ill-treated for entertainment purposes. Animals can feel stressed by the l 3 space of the cage and an unfamiliar environment. A 2003 study found that zoos were too small for some of the big-sized animals to carry out their normal d 4 activities. Shane Madrak, 10 YES We should still have zoos for a few reasons, Zoos provide animals with food and a habitat(栖息地) that is e 5 like their natural habitat. Zoos also breed animals to i 6 their population. And most zoos have educational programs that help children learn about different animals and protective efforts. Susie Slawsky, 9 NO Animals are kept away from their homes, where they have lots of space to take a walk, and are put behind fences or in cages. On b 7 zoo days, the noise and crowds can make them uncomfortable. When they're in zoos, they can also lose their natural instincts (天性). If they were released into the wild, they wouldn't know how to survive. An animal's health is more important than our entertainment 试卷第2页，共9页 试卷第1页，共9页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 中考压轴题首字母填空之生态环保（名校试题精选） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 【考前专训·首字母特辑】 Passage 1. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Air pollution, as we know it today, started with the Industrial Revolution in Europe in the 19th century. In the last few decades, it has b 1 a serious problem for our environment. When harmful elements get into the air, they may cause health problems and can also d 2 the environment, buildings and soil. They make the ozone layer (臭氧层) much thinner and the climate more changeable. Our modern lifestyle has led to dirtier air over the years. Factories, all kinds of vehicles, the growing number of people are the things that are r 3 for air pollution today. But not all air pollution is caused by people. Smog, forest fires, dust storms and volcanic eruptions can also lead to the pollution of the atmosphere. Smog(雾霾) is a m 4 of smoke and fog. It occurs when gases from hurt fuel get together with fog on the ground. When heat and sunlight get together with these gases, they form dangerous particles (颗粒) in the air. Smog occurs in big cities with a lot of traffic, e 5 in the summer time. When it is very hot. Smog stays near the ground. It causes lung diseases and breathing problems and in smog areas, we can’t see well. Today, cities with a large p 6 have the biggest smog problems—Los Angeles, Mexico City or Cairo. The smog often stays over the cities for many days. Thousands of people die in London every year. A lot of measures have been taken to prevent smog so far. Drivers are not a 7 to drive on smog days in some cities. Factories use coal that doesn’t have much sulfur (硫磺) in it. So cars are much environmentally friendly today. 【答案】1．(b)ecome 2．(d)amage 3．(r)esponsible 4．(m)ixture 5．(e)specially 6．(p)opulation 7．(a)llowed 【导语】本文主要介绍了空气污染的成因、危害及人们的应对措施。 2．句意：在过去的几十年里，它已经成为我们环境的一个严重问题。根据“In the last few decades, it has b…a serious problem for our environment.”可知，空气污染已经成为我们环境的一个严重问题，become“成为”符合题意。根据“has”可知，此处用现在完成时has done。故填(b)ecome。 3．句意：当有害元素进入空气时，它们可能会引起健康问题，也可能破坏环境、建筑物和土壤。根据“When harmful elements get into the air, they may cause health problems…”可知，此处在介绍其危害，damage“损害，伤害”符合题意。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填(d)amage。 4．句意：工厂、各种车辆、不断增长的人口都是造成今天空气污染的原因。根据“Factories, all kinds of vehicles, the growing number of people are the things that are r…for air pollution today.”可知，工厂、各种车辆、不断增长的人口都是造成今天空气污染的原因。be responsible for“是造成……原因”。故填(r)esponsible。 5．句意：雾霾是烟和雾的混合物。根据“Smog(雾霾) is a m…of smoke and fog.”可知，雾霾是烟和雾的混合物。mixture“混合物”符合题意。故填(m)ixture。 6．句意：雾霾发生在交通繁忙的大城市，尤其是在夏天。根据“Smog occurs in big cities with a lot of traffic, e…in the summer time.”可知，此处介绍了雾霾发生的场景，此处表示“尤其是在夏天”，用especially。故填(e)specially。 7．句意：如今，洛杉矶、墨西哥城或开罗等人口众多的城市面临着最严重的雾霾问题。根据“Today, cities with a large p…”可知，此处指“人口众多的城市”，population“人口”符合题意。故填(p)opulation。 8．句意：在一些城市，司机不允许在雾霾天开车。根据“Drivers are not a…to drive on smog days”可知，司机不允许在雾霾天开车。be not allowed to do sth.“不允许做某事”。故填(a)llowed。 Passage 2. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) World’s Smelliest Fruits Could Be Used to Charge Electric Cars Durian is a fruit that looks like a spiky pineapple. It is a delicacy in some Asian countries, but its smell is so unpleasant that some of those countries have banned it from p 1 places. Scientists in Australia have discovered that they can use the world’s smelliest fruits to make devices that could p 2 electric cars. Vincent Gomes and his colleagues at the University of Sydney used a durian and jackfruit (菠萝蜜) to make energy-storing devices called supercapacitors (超级电容器). Supercapacitors are an alternative to batteries. They can’t store as much energy as a n 3 battery does, but they are much quicker to recharge. In many electric cars, movement energy is changed into electrical energy when the vehicle brakes (刹车). This can be stored in a supercapacitor and released as a source of extra power for acceleration (加速). Durians and jackfruits contain some of the chemicals used in supercapacitors, which gave Gomes the i 4 . To make the fruit-based devices, the team heated and then freeze-dried the cores of the durian and jackfruit to make a special kind of material called an aerogel (气凝胶). Aerogels are one of the world’s lightest solid materials. Often called “frozen smoke”, they are made by removing the liquid from a gel and r 5 it with air. They have many scientific uses, but one of their special properties (性质) is the ability to conduct electric currents, which makes them an important part of supercapacitors. The aerogels made from durians and jackfruits both w 6 well when placed inside a supercapacitor, although the durian aerogel was found to be the better of the two. The discovery is important because the materials currently used to make supercapacitors are expensive. Using natural foods like durians and jackfruits, Gomes says, could reduce environmental pollution, as well as c 7 . 【答案】1．public/ublic 2．power/ower 3．normal/ormal 4．idea/dea 5．replacing/eplacing 6．worked/orked 7．cost/ost 【导语】本文主要讲述了澳大利亚科学家利用榴莲和菠萝蜜制成气凝胶超级电容器，可快速充放电并为电动车提供加速动力。该技术环保且成本低廉，有望替代现有昂贵材料。 2．句意：在一些亚洲国家，它是一种美食，但其气味难闻至极，以至于其中一些国家已禁止在公共场所食用。结合首字母提示及“but its smell is so unpleasant that some of those countries have banned it...”可知，此处指榴莲因难闻的气味被禁止在“公共的”场所食用，“public places”意为“公共场所”。故填public。 3．句意：澳大利亚的科学家们发现，他们可以利用世界上最臭的水果来制造能够为电动汽车供电的设备。根据首字母提示及“they can use the world’s smelliest fruits to make devices that could...electric cars.”可知，此处应指给电动汽车“提供动力”，动词power“驱动，推动(机器或车辆)”符合，且情态动词后应接动词原形power作定语从句中的谓语。故填power。 4．句意：它们储存的能量不如普通电池多，但充电速度却要快得多。结合首字母提示及“Supercapacitors are an alternative to batteries...”可知，此处应指超级电容器不如“普通的”电池，应用形容词normal“普通的”作定语修饰名词battery。故填normal。 5．句意：榴莲和菠萝蜜中含有的某些化学物质正是超级电容器所使用的成分，这给了戈麦斯灵感。结合首字母提示及“Durians and jackfruits contain some of the chemicals used in supercapacitors…”可知，前句引出了榴莲和菠萝蜜含有超级电容器中使用的一些化学物质，此处应指戈麦斯收到启发提出了创新的方案，此处应用名词idea，引申为科学发现或创新技术相关的“灵感”。故填idea。 6．句意：它们常被称为“凝固的烟雾”，其制作方法是将凝胶中的液体抽离出来，然后用空气替代它。结合首字母提示及“the team...to make a special kind of material called an aerogel. Aerogels are one of the world’s lightest solid materials...”可知，前文介绍了气凝胶的制作方式，此处应指空气填充了原本由液体占据的空间，引出了“用空气替换液体”的工艺，应用动词replace“替换”与之构成动词短语，“replace A with B”意为“用B替换A”，且and连接两个相同的成分，介词by后应用其对应的动名词形式与之搭配。故填replacing。 7．句意：由榴莲和菠萝蜜制成的气凝胶，放入超级电容器中时表现都很不错，不过经发现，其中榴莲气凝胶的性能更优。根据首字母提示及语境可知，此处指榴莲和菠萝蜜制成的气凝胶在超级电容器中表现良好，work“运转，运行”符合，且该句时态为一般过去时，应用其对应的动词过去式作谓语。故填worked。 8．句意：戈麦斯表示，使用像榴莲和菠萝蜜这样的天然食材，不仅能够减少环境污染，还能降低成本。根据首字母提示及“Using natural foods like durians and jackfruits…could reduce environmental pollution...”可知，此处指使用榴莲等天然材料可降低环境污染和“成本”，“as well as”后应连接与pollution并列的成分，应用名词cost“费用”与之构成动词短语，“reduce cost”意为“减少成本”。故填cost。 Passage 3. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Eating Insects: A Different Choice for Our Future Have you ever found an insect (昆虫) in your apple? Most people would find it a terrible experience and probably t 1 the food away immediately. However, in many parts of the world, people do not react this way. In fact, for people in about 80% of countries, eating insects is quite common. The United Nations (UN) is encouraging more people to consider insects as food. There are two main r 2 for this. First, the world’s population is growing very fast and is forecasted to reach over 9 billion by 2050. We will need to find new ways to p 3 enough food for everyone. Second, traditional farming of animals like cows and pigs causes serious environmental problems. Insects, on the other hand, need much less water and land. In Japan, while not very common now, eating insects has a long history, especially during difficult times like after World War Ⅱ. Today, a number of restaurants in Tokyo are trying to bring this habit b 4 . They are working hard to make insects a popular food choice. You can find dishes like cricket ramen, silkworm skewers, and even dumplings with insect toppings. The founder of one such restaurant, Yuta Shinohara, first read about the idea in a UN report while he was still a student. He believed it was a good s 5 for the future. He says that insects are not only tasty but also very h 6 and rich in nutrients (营养). He hopes that more people will open their eyes to the benefits of eating insects. Although it might seem u 7 to some, it could become an important part of our diet in the future. 【答案】1．throw/hrow 2．reasons/easons 3．provide/rovide/produce/roduce 4．back/ack 5．solution/olution 6．healthy/ealthy 7．unusual/nusual 【导语】本文介绍了食用昆虫这一未来的饮食新选择，讲述了食用昆虫在世界范围内的现状、联合国鼓励食用昆虫的两大原因，还以日本东京的餐厅为例说明昆虫美食的推广，以及相关从业者对食用昆虫的看法和期许。 2．句意：大多数人会觉得这是一次糟糕的经历，可能会立刻把食物扔掉。根据首字母提示和“a terrible experience”可知，发现苹果里有昆虫会让人想扔掉食物，动词throw“扔”符合语境，and连接并列谓语，would后接动词原形。故填throw。 3．句意：主要有两个原因。根据首字母提示和后文的“First”“Second”可知，此处是说明联合国鼓励食用昆虫的原因，reason“原因”为可数名词，前面有two修饰，用复数形式。故填reasons。 4．句意：我们需要找到新的方法为所有人提供/生产足够的食物。根据首字母提示和“enough food for everyone”可知，此处表示为人们提供/生产食物，provide“提供”/produce“生产”均符合语境，固定短语find ways to do sth.“找到做某事的方法”，to后接动词原形。故填provide/produce。 5．句意：如今，东京的许多餐厅正试图恢复这种习惯。根据首字母提示和“eating insects has a long history”可知，此处是说让食用昆虫的习惯回归，固定短语bring back“恢复；使回归”。故填back。 6．句意：他认为这是未来的一个好解决方案。根据首字母提示和前文提到的粮食和环境问题可知，食用昆虫是解决这些问题的好办法，solution“解决方案”为可数名词，前面有a修饰，用单数形式。故填solution。 7．句意：他说昆虫不仅美味，而且非常健康，富含营养。根据首字母提示和“rich in nutrients”可知，昆虫富含营养，是健康的，形容词healthy“健康的”符合语境，与tasty并列作表语。故填healthy。 8．句意：虽然对一些人来说这可能看起来不寻常，但它可能会成为我们未来饮食的重要组成部分。根据首字母提示和前文“Most people would find it a terrible experience”可知，对很多人来说食用昆虫是不寻常的事，形容词unusual“不寻常的”符合语境，作表语。故填unusual。 Passage 4. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Walk to School Week takes place from 15 to 19 May. As well as being better for the environment, regular walking can improve your body and mind. Why is walking good for you? Have you ever noticed you have more energy after a walk? According to experts, walking isn’t just good for your p 1 health, but it can also clear your mind, sharpen your senses and lift your mood. In fact, many people c 2 walking “one of the great superpowers” because it makes your brain work harder. Making walks part of your daily routine (日常事) means you can use this superpower more o 3 . How do you make the most of your walks? Walking with friends or family is a great opportunity to catch up (叙旧) and t 4 about your daily life, including any friendship or homework worries. If there is a field or a park on the way, you can make a game when you try to find a different bird or insect every day. Walking along pavements is a chance to practise road safety skills and make you know better about t 5 rules. It’s also an opportunity to get to know your neighbourhood better. What will you do if you can’t walk all the way to school? Not everyone can get to school on foot but there are lots of ways to make walking or exercise part of your daily routine. If you catch a bus, try getting off a stop e 6 and walking the rest of the way. Fewer cars outside the school gates will also mean l 7 pollution in the air, which is good for everybody and the planet too. 【答案】1．(p)hysical 2． (c)all 3．(o)ften 4．(t)alk 5．(t)raffic 6．(e)arly 7．(l)ess 【导语】本文介绍了5月15日至5月19日的步行去学校周，并讲述了步行的好处、如何最大化地利用步行，以及如果不能全程步行去学校该怎么办。 2．句意：根据专家的说法，走路不仅有利于你的身体健康，还可以理清思路，增强感官，提升情绪。根据“ walking isn’t just good for your…health,”及首字母提示可知，这里指的是走路有利于身体健康，physical health意为“身体健康”。故填(p)hysical。 3．句意：事实上，许多人把走路称为“伟大的超能力之一”，因为它会让你的大脑更加努力地工作。根据“walking “one of the great superpowers””及首字母提示可知，这里是把走路称为“伟大的超能力之一”，call意为“称为”，这里是一般现在时，主语many people 是复数，因此谓语用动词原形。故填(c)all。 4．句意：把散步作为你日常生活的一部分意味着你可以更频繁地使用这种超能力。根据“you can use this superpower more”及首字母提示可知，这里指你可以更频繁地使用这种超能力，more often意为“更频繁地”。故填(o)ften。 5．句意：与朋友或家人一起散步是一个很好的机会，可以了解并谈论你的日常生活，包括任何友谊或家庭作业方面的担忧。根据“about your daily life, including any friendship or homework worries.”及首字母提示可知，这里是谈论你的日常生活，talk about意为“谈论”，此处用动词原形。故填(t)alk。 6．句意：沿着人行道行走是一个练习道路安全技能的机会，让你更好地了解交通规则。根据“practise road safety skills”及首字母提示可知，这里指更好地了解交通规则，traffic rules意为 “交通规则”。故填(t)raffic。 7．句意：如果你乘公共汽车，试着早点下车，走完剩下的路。根据“walking the rest of the way.”及首字母提示可知，这里是早点下车，early意为“早”。故填(e)arly。 8．句意：学校大门外的汽车数量减少也意味着空气污染减少，这对每个人和地球都有好处。根据“Fewer cars outside the school gates”及首字母提示可知，这里指空气污染减少，less意为“更少”。故填(l)ess。 Passage 5. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Stand up and Join in When most kids go to the beach, they’re too focused on playing with sand to notice litter. But for Cash Daniels, noticing a plastic straw (吸管) several years ago started a lifelong career in saving the planet. Cash has always loved n 1 . He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80% of waste from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t sit back and do nothing. With the help of his family, Cash took the first step toward change—cleaning up the river. It q 2 went from a family act to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors. Now 14 years old, Cash has had a really p 3 influence on his hometown. B 4 hosting river cleanups, he has written a children’s book about river pollution. He has also raised enough money to put 17 recycling bins along the Tennessee River. In the process, he’s helped remove 14, 000 pounds of waste and r 5 1.5 tons of aluminum (铝), and that is just the beginning! “I started The Cleanup Kids with my friend Ella,” Cash said. “Our g 6 is to make a difference where we live. We want to teach kids how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean.” “I also want to help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean—if you love it and love what lives in it—you’ll want to p 7 it,” Cash continued. “Every little action matters. One person can make a big change if he simply stands up and joins in.” 【答案】1．(n)ature 2．(q)iuckly 3．(p)owerful 4．(B)esides 5．(r)ecycle 6．(g)oal 7．(p)rotect 【导语】本文主要讲述了14岁的Cash Daniels热爱大自然，在知晓河流垃圾最终流向海洋的情况后，在家人帮助下从清理河流起步，进而通过多种方式对家乡的环境保护产生积极且有力影响的故事。 2．句意：Cash一直热爱大自然。根据下文“He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River.”和首字母“n”提示可知，他从小就在查塔努加河边钓鱼，据此可以推断，Cash一直喜欢大自然；考查nature“自然界，大自然”，不可数名词。故填(n)ature。 3．句意：很快，这个活动就从家庭行动变成了社区努力，有志愿者和邻居们的参与。根据“from a family act to a community effort”和首字母“q”提示可知，此处是指这个活动从家庭行为转变为社区行动的速度是比较快的；考查quickly“迅速地”，副词，在句中修饰动词“went”，作状语。故填(q)uickly。 4．句意：现在14岁的Cash对他的家乡产生了真正强大的影响。根据下文语境和首字母“p”提示可知，Cash组织了河流清理活动、写了关于河流污染的儿童读物、筹集资金放置回收箱，并帮助清除了大量垃圾和回收了铝，这些行动从多个维度改变了家乡的环境状况以及人们对环保的认知，强调了他所带来影响的程度之深、范围之广以及作用之强大；考查powerful“强大的，有影响力的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰“influence”。故填(p)owerful。 5．句意：除了组织河流清理活动外，他还写了一本关于河流污染的儿童读物。根据下文“he has written a children’s book about river pollution”和首字母“B”提示可知，他写了一本关于河流污染的儿童读物，由此可推知除了主持河流清理活动外，他还写了一本关于河流污染的儿童读物；考查besides“除了……之外 (还有)”，介词，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填(B)esides。 6．句意：在这个过程中，他帮助清除了14,000磅的垃圾，并回收了1.5吨的铝，而这仅仅是个开始！根据空后“1.5 tons of aluminum”和首字母“r”提示可知，此处是指将废弃的铝制品进行回收再利用；考查recycle“回收利用”，动词；再根据并列连词“and”可知，这里应用动词原形“recycle”与“remove”形成并列关系。故填(r)ecycle。 7．句意：我们的目标是在我们居住的地方带来改变。根据下文“We want to teach kids how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean.”和首字母“g”提示可知，我们想教孩子们他们的行为是如何与水和大海相连的；据此可推断，他们的目标是让他们居住的地方有所不同；考查goal“目标”，可数名词；再根据空后“is”可知，这里应用其单数形式。故填(g)oal。 8．句意：“因为如果你与大海相连——如果你爱它，爱它里面的一切——你就会想要保护它，” Cash继续说道。根据上文“if you love it and love what lives in it”和首字母“p”提示可知，爱大海，爱它里面的一切，那么与之对应的就是想要保护它；考查protect“保护”，动词；空前有动词不定式的符号to，这里应用动词原形。故填(p)rotect。 Passage 6. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) The Answer Is In the Trees Dave Meko, a scientist at the University of Arizona, noticed that from 1999 to the following years it became drier and drier. And water levels in the huge Colorado River were dropping rapidly. This was the b 1 of a serious drought (干旱). Everyone began asking, “How long will it last?” Meko believed that he could find the answer in the trees. Meko is a tree-ring expert. He studies the rings within a tree to find information about climate change. Each year, a tree adds a new layer of wood. These layers look like a series of rings. During times of h 2 rainfall, a ring is wide. When there is a shortage of water, a ring is narrow. These rings are nature’s record of rainfall and climate change. Meko and his team quickly started a new research project. Their goal was to find out how long previous droughts lasted. The team collected as many old wood samples as possible. They tested wood samples from 1,200 years ago until the p 3 . When they examined the rings, the news about rainfall in the past was not good. Meko’s research showed that the 20th century was an unusually wet time. Trees from this period had wide, healthy rings. Rain was plentiful during that century, millions of people moved to the region. Before that time, however, the rings showed that droughts occurred on a r 4 basis. In fact, drought was part of the usual climate pattern. There were severe droughts in the 900s, the 1100s, and the late 1200s. Human history s 5 to support Meko’s findings. The native Anasazi lived in this area for hundreds of years, starting around 500 AD．They were farmers and depended on water to grow their crops. However, at the end of the 13th century, the Anasazi suddenly left the area. Experts do not know e 6 why the Anasazi left. They think it was because there was no longer enough water to farm. And Meko’s tree rings clearly show a serious drought at that time. How long will the current drought last? Using nature’s c 7 from the past, experts predict that this drought may continue for another 50 years. 【答案】1．(b)eginning 2．(h)eavy 3．(p)resent 4．(r)egular 5．(s)eems 6．(e)xactly 7．(c)ode 【导语】本文讲述了亚利桑那大学的科学家Dave Meko发现干旱问题越来越严重，Meko和他的团队通过研究发现树上的年轮和气候有很大关系，并预测干旱将会持续50年。 2．句意：这是一场严重干旱的开始。根据“from 1999 to the following years it became drier and drier. And water levels in the huge Colorado River were dropping rapidly.”及首字母提示可知，这是严重干旱的开始，空前定冠词the修饰用名词形式beginning“开始”。故填(b)eginning。 3．句意：在大雨期间，年轮很宽。根据“When there is a shortage of water, a ring is narrow.”及首字母提示可知，应表达大雨期间，heavy“大量的”，形容词修饰名词rainfall。故填(h)eavy。 4．句意：他们测试了从1200年前到现在的木材样本。根据“from 1,200 years ago until the p...”及首字母提示可知，应表达从1200年前到现在，present“现在”。故填(p)resent。 5．句意：然而，在此之前，这些年轮表明干旱经常发生。根据“In fact, drought was part of the usual climate pattern. There were severe droughts in the 900s, the 1100s, and the late 1200s.”可知，应表达干旱经常发生，on a regular basis“经常”，固定搭配。故填(r)egular。 6．句意：人类历史似乎支持Meko的发现。根据“They think it was because there was no longer enough water to farm. And Meko’s tree rings clearly show a serious drought at that time.”及首字母提示可知，应表达人类历史似乎支持Meko的发现，seem“似乎”，时态为一般现在时，主语Human history为单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填(s)eems。 7．句意：专家们不知道Anasazi离开的确切原因。根据“They think”及首字母提示可知，他们应该是不知道确切原因，exactly“确切地”，副词修饰动词know。故填(e)xactly。 8．句意：根据过去的自然规律，专家预测这场干旱可能还会持续50年。根据“Using nature’s c...from the past”及首字母提示可知，科学家们是用过去大自然运行的规律密码，code“密码”。故填(c)ode。 Passage 7. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) The earthquake shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of walls and chimneys in San Francisco. But the fire that followed burned up hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of buildings. Not in history has a modern city been so completely d 1 . San Francisco is gone. Nothing remains of it but memories. On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. By Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone. I watched the big fires from out on the bay. East, west, north and south, strong winds were blowing upon the dead city. Day and night the fires c 2 . Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Time and time again, s 3 efforts were made by the firefighters, and every time, the flames would appear once again from the sides or from behind them only to defeat their hard-won victory. Throughout the night, tens of thousands of homeless people made their e 4 . Toy wagons and go-carts were used as trucks. Union Square was packed with refugees (难民). Government tents had been set up. People were lining up for free meals. Everybody was p 5 . Never in all of San Francisco’s history were her people so kind as on this horrible night. At one o’clock in the morning, I walked down t 6 the heart of the city. A rain of ashes was falling. Not one person was in sight. I stood at the corner of Kearney and Market. The place had been given up. A few blocks away, it was burning on both sides. The street was a wall of flames. All day Thursday and Thursday night, all day Friday and Friday night, the fires continued to burn. Friday night saw the flames finally put out, though not until after Russian Hill and Telegraph Hill had been burned down. All of the neighboring cities and towns have been crowded with those who are now h 7 . Refugees are being transported for free by the railroads to any place they wish to go. Over one hundred thousand people have left the city. 【答案】1．destroyed/estroyed 2．continued/ontinued 3．successful/uccessful 4．escape/scape 5．polite/olite/peaceful/eaceful 6．through/hrough 7．homeless/omeless 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了旧金山地震后大火肆虐、城市遭到严重破坏的过程，以及难民们的处境和人们在灾难中的互助精神。 2．句意：历史上从未有一座现代化城市遭到如此彻底的摧毁。根据句意和首字母，结合前文“地震导致墙壁和烟囱倒塌、大火烧毁大量建筑”的语境，可知此处指“摧毁”，destroy“摧毁”，动词；城市与“摧毁”构成被动关系，且空格前有been，需用过去分词形式destroyed。故填destroyed。 3．句意：大火日夜不停地持续燃烧。根据句意和首字母，结合后文“All day Thursday and Thursday night, all day Friday and Friday night, the fires continued to burn”可知此处指“持续”，continue“持续”，动词；文章叙述过去发生的灾难事件，时态为一般过去时，需用过去式continued。故填continued。 4．句意：消防员们一次又一次地做出成功的努力，但每次火焰都会从他们的侧面或后方再次出现，挫败他们来之不易的胜利。根据句意和首字母，结合后文“hard-won victory”的语境，可知此处指“成功的”，successful “成功的”，形容词，用形容词修饰名词efforts。故填successful。 5．句意：整夜里，成千上万无家可归的人设法逃生。根据句意和首字母，结合前文“大火摧毁城市”和后文“Toy wagons and go-carts were used as trucks. Union Square was packed with refugees.”的语境，可知此处指“逃生”，escape“逃生”，名词，固定搭配make one’s escape意为“设法逃生”。故填escape。 6．句意：每个人都很有礼貌。/ 每个人都很平静。根据句意和首字母，结合后文“Never in all of San Francisco’s history were her people so kind as on this horrible night.”的提示，可知此处需填与“kind”语义相近的形容词；polite“有礼貌的”体现人们在困境中的礼貌互助，peaceful“平和的”体现人们虽遭遇灾难但未慌乱的状态，两者均为形容词，可在句中作表语，都符合语境。故填polite/peaceful。 7．句意：早上凌晨一点，我步行穿过城市的中心。根据句意和首字母，可知此处指“穿过”，through“穿过”，介词，强调从空间内部穿过。故填through。 8．句意：所有邻近的城市和镇子都挤满了现在无家可归的人。根据句意和首字母，结合后文“Refugees are  being transported for free”的语境，可知此处指“无家可归的”，homeless“无家可归的”，形容词；在句中作表语。故填homeless。 Passage 8. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Should Zoos Still Exist? Happy, an Asian elephant, lives at the Bronx Zoo in New York City. But the Nonhuman Rights Project (NhRP) says the zoo doesn't provide the space that Happy needs, and Happy r 1 has social activities. The NhRP is taking the Bronx Zoo to court. The case has restarted conversations about whether or not zoos should still exist. Here, TIME for Kids readers collect different ideas. Grace Hipp, 8 YES     Many animal species are saved from disappearing forever thanks to zoos. This past summer, I saw the California condor (秃鹫) at the San Diego Zoo and learned about the breeding (繁殖) program there. Forty years ago, these animals were almost g 2 in the wild. But the zoo has taken some of them in and helped them breed. Now there are many more California condors. Yanni Watson, 12 NO We should not have zoos. In zoos, animals might not be given proper living conditions. They might also be ill-treated for entertainment purposes. Animals can feel stressed by the l 3 space of the cage and an unfamiliar environment. A 2003 study found that zoos were too small for some of the big-sized animals to carry out their normal d 4 activities. Shane Madrak, 10 YES We should still have zoos for a few reasons, Zoos provide animals with food and a habitat(栖息地) that is e 5 like their natural habitat. Zoos also breed animals to i 6 their population. And most zoos have educational programs that help children learn about different animals and protective efforts. Susie Slawsky, 9 NO Animals are kept away from their homes, where they have lots of space to take a walk, and are put behind fences or in cages. On b 7 zoo days, the noise and crowds can make them uncomfortable. When they're in zoos, they can also lose their natural instincts (天性). If they were released into the wild, they wouldn't know how to survive. An animal's health is more important than our entertainment 【答案】1．rarely/arely 2．gone/one 3．limited/imited 4．daily/aily 5．exactly/xactly 6．increase/ncrease 7．busy/usy 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。围绕“动物园是否应该继续存在”这一话题，呈现了四位儿童读者的不同观点。 2．句意：但非人类权利项目（NhRP）表示，该动物园没有提供哈皮所需的空间，而且哈皮很少有社交活动。根据“the zoo doesn't provide the space that Happy needs”及首字母提示，此处指很少有社交活动，rarely“很少；难得”，为副词修饰动词has，故填rarely。 3．句意：四十年前，这些动物在野外几乎灭绝了。根据“Many animal species are saved from disappearing forever thanks to zoos.”及后文动物园帮助其繁殖，结合首字母提示，此处指几乎消失（灭绝），gone“消失的；不复存在的”，符合语境，故填gone。 4．句意：动物可能会因为笼子里有限的空间和陌生的环境而感到压力。根据“space of the cage”及首字母提示，此处指有限的空间，limited“有限的”，修饰名词space，故填limited。 5．句意：2003年的一项研究发现，动物园太小，一些大型动物无法进行正常的日常活动。根据“activities”及首字母提示，此处指日常活动，daily“日常的”，修饰名词activities，故填daily。 6．句意：动物园为动物提供食物和与它们的自然栖息地完全相似的栖息地。根据“like their natural habitat”及首字母提示，此处指完全相似，exactly“完全地；确切地”，修饰介词like，故填exactly。 7．句意：动物园还通过繁育动物来增加它们的数量。根据“breed animals”及首字母提示，繁育动物的目的是增加数量，increase“增加”，此处为不定式表目的，用动词原形，故填increase。 8．句意：在动物园繁忙的日子里，噪音和人群会让它们感到不适。根据“the noise and crowds”及首字母提示，此处指游客多、繁忙的日子，busy“繁忙的”，修饰名词zoo days，故填busy。 试卷第14页，共16页 试卷第15页，共16页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $