2026届高三英语三轮冲刺（教育民生 + 科技前沿）热点语法填空专项集训

2026 届高三英语三轮冲刺（教育民生 + 科技前沿）热点语法填空专项集训 语法填空1（十五五规划：教育投资赋能人力资本与人才红利） In the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-30), China has emphasized the importance of investing in both physical assets and human capital, with education playing 1._____________ vital role in enhancing the well-being of its people. Education should be seen not just as an expense, but as a long-term investment 2._______________ transforms human resources into core capital for future growth. Human capital investment views the population 3.______________ a dynamic and evolving resource. By improving the 4._____________(allocate) of educational resources and strengthening policy design, it enhances 5.______________(people) knowledge, skills, health and innovative capacity. Through upgrading the labor force’s skill structure, strengthening intergenerational development capacity, 6._______________ promoting population mobility and integration, education investment improves both the quality and structure of the population. This facilitates a shift from reliance on a traditional demographic dividend toward a more sustainable talent dividend that 7._____________(support) long-term economic transformation. Such investment should be precise and consider the entire life cycle 8._______________ (address) major demographic changes such as 9.______________(decline) birth rates, population aging and the demand for quality improvement. To counter falling fertility, it is 10.______________(crucial) essential to expand child care services and optimize basic education resources, thereby reducing the cost of raising children. 语法填空2（我国科学家探明天然生物质材料挠曲电效应新突破） Chinese scientists have made progress in the study of flexoelectricity in natural biomass materials, experimentally observing considerable flexoelectricity in wood and expanding understanding of wood’s 1.______________(function) properties, according to Lanzhou University. 2._____________(conduct) by researchers from Lanzhou University, the study has been published in the journal Nature Communications. Its findings provide a new material system and technical support 3.____________ the development of green, sustainable, flexible electronic devices and self-powered sensors, said the university. Flexoelectricity refers to the electromechanical coupling phenomenon in 4._____________ materials generate electricity under strain gradients and is theoretically widely observed in various solid 5.______________(material). “To put 6.______________ simply, it is the phenomenon where materials generate electricity 7.______________ bent. It differs from the piezoelectric effect, where materials generate electricity when squeezed, and all dielectric materials exhibit such an effect, thus offering broad application prospects,” said Liu Shuhai, 8.___________ professor at the School of Materials and Energy of Lanzhou University. Flexoelectricity is a widespread electromechanical property of solids, with application prospects in diverse fields, such as sensing, actuating and energy harvesting. It has been widely studied in synthetic materials such as crystals, ceramics and metals, but 9.____________(remain) unexplored in natural biomaterials such as wood. “Due to the complex hierarchical structure of wood and other factors that make accurate identification difficult, directly detecting the flexoelectricity effect in wood and other natural biomass materials is 10._____________(challenge),” Liu said. 语法填空3（天然结构色启发新型光学超材料研发） Have you ever wondered how a peacock’s tail shimmers with brilliant blues and greens, or why a butterfly’s wings flash colors that never fade? These are not paints or dyes, 1._____________ “structural colors” — hues created entirely by microscopic structures that trap, bend and scatter light. For years, scientists 2.______________(try) to copy nature’s approach to create vivid, long-lasting colors for uses that range from anti-counterfeiting labels to flexible displays. Now, researchers have taken a major step forward by developing a new type of optical metamaterial 3.___________ gives them more precise control over microscopic structures, along with a production method that is as fast and inexpensive 4.____________ printing a newspaper. Their findings were published in the journal Nature on April 22. An optical metamaterial is a man-made material engineered 5.______________(control) light in unusual ways. Instead of relying 6.___________ the natural properties of ordinary materials, scientists build tiny patterns 7.______________(small) than a human hair that can bend, reflect and guide light with extreme 8._______________(precise). One important use is structural coloration, whereby microscopic patterns create colors without pigments or dyes. The technology could lead to fade-resistant paints, secure holograms and energy-efficient displays. Scientists also see optical metamaterials as 9.____________ important technology for future 10.______________(advance) in optics, communications, high-end manufacturing and defense. 语法填空1 参考答案 1. a 2. that/which 3. as 4. allocation 5. people’s 6. and 7. supports 8. to address 9. declining 10. crucially 语法填空1全文翻译 在“十五五”规划（2026—2030年）中，中国着重强调了实物资产与人力资本投资并重的重要性，而教育在增进民生福祉方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 教育不应仅被视作一项开支，更应被看作一种长期投资，它能将人力资源转化为未来发展的核心资本。 人力资本投资将人口视为一种动态发展、不断演进的资源。通过优化教育资源配置、强化政策设计，人力资本投资能够提升民众的知识水平、专业技能、健康素养与创新能力。 教育投资通过优化劳动力技能结构、增强代际发展能力、促进人口流动与融合，同步提升人口质量与人口结构。 这有助于经济发展从依赖传统人口红利，转向依靠可持续的人才红利，为经济长期转型升级提供支撑。 这类投资应精准施策、贯穿全生命周期，以应对出生率下滑、人口老龄化、优质教育需求提升等重大人口结构变化。为应对生育率走低的现状，大力拓展托育服务、优化基础教育资源配置至关重要，从而降低育儿成本。 语法填空1高三核心词汇&短语 1. five-year plan /ˌfaɪv ˈjɪə plæn/ 五年规划 2. physical assets /ˈfɪzɪkl ˈæsets/ 实物资产 3. human capital /ˈhjuːmən ˈkæpɪtl/ 人力资本 4. play a vital role in /pleɪ ə ˈvaɪtl rəʊl ɪn/ 在……起至关重要作用 5. well-being /ˈwel biːɪŋ/ n. 福祉；幸福 6. long-term investment /ˌlɒŋ tɜːm ɪnˈvestmənt/ 长期投资 7. transform…into… /trænsˈfɔːm ˈɪntuː/ 把……转化为…… 8. core capital /kɔː ˈkæpɪtl/ 核心资本 9. dynamic /daɪˈnæmɪk/ adj. 动态的；充满活力的 10. evolve /ɪˈvɒlv/ v. 发展；演变 11. allocation /ˌæləˈkeɪʃn/ n. 配置；分配 12. innovative capacity /ˈɪnəveɪtɪv kəˈpæsəti/ 创新能力 13. intergenerational /ˌɪntəˌdʒenəˈreɪʃnl/ adj. 代际的 14. population mobility /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn məʊˈbɪləti/ 人口流动 15. integration /ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃn/ n. 融合 16. demographic dividend /ˌdeməˈɡræfɪk ˈdɪvɪdend/ 人口红利 17. sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/ adj. 可持续的 18. talent dividend /ˈtælənt ˈdɪvɪdend/ 人才红利 19. economic transformation /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk ˌtrænsfəˈmeɪʃn/ 经济转型 20. precise /prɪˈsaɪs/ adj. 精准的；精确的 21. life cycle /laɪf ˈsaɪkl/ 生命周期 22. demographic change /ˌdeməˈɡræfɪk tʃeɪndʒ/ 人口结构变化 23. declining birth rate /dɪˈklaɪnɪŋ bɜːθ reɪt/ 出生率下滑 24. population aging /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn ˈeɪdʒɪŋ/ 人口老龄化 25. fertility /fəˈtɪləti/ n. 生育率；生育能力 26. crucial /ˈkruːʃl/ adj. 至关重要的 27. child care services /tʃaɪl keə ˈsɜːvɪsɪz/ 托育服务 28. optimize /ˈɒptɪmaɪz/ v. 优化 29. raise children /reɪz ˈtʃɪldrən/ 养育子女 语法填空2 参考答案 1. functional 2. Conducted 3. for 4. which 5. materials 6. it 7. when/while 8. a 9. remains 10. challenging 语法填空2全文翻译 据兰州大学消息，中国科学家在天然生物质材料的挠曲电效应研究领域取得进展，在木材中实验观测到显著的挠曲电效应，进一步拓宽了对木材功能特性的认知。 该项研究由兰州大学科研人员完成，已发表于《自然·通讯》期刊。校方表示，研究成果为绿色可持续柔性电子器件、自驱动传感器的研发提供了全新材料体系与技术支撑。 挠曲电效应是一种机电耦合现象，指材料在应变梯度作用下产生电能，理论上在各类固体材料中普遍存在。 兰州大学材料与能源学院教授刘树海表示：“简单来说，就是材料弯曲时产生发电的现象。它区别于受压发电的压电效应，所有介电材料都具备该效应，因此应用前景十分广阔。” 挠曲电效应是固体普遍具备的机电特性，在传感、驱动、能量收集等多领域拥有应用前景。目前该效应已在晶体、陶瓷、金属等人工合成材料中得到广泛研究，但在木材等天然生物质材料中仍有待探索。 刘教授称，由于木材层级结构复杂，且受其他因素制约导致精准识别难度大，直接在木材及其他天然生物质材料中检测挠曲电效应，极具挑战性。 语法填空2高三核心词汇 1. flexoelectricity /ˌfleksəʊɪlekˌtrɪˈsɪsəti/ n. 挠曲电效应 2. biomass /ˈbaɪəʊmæs/ n. 生物量；生物质 3. experimental /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentl/ adj. 实验的 4. considerable /kənˈsɪdərəbl/ adj. 相当大的；显著的 5. functional /ˈfʌŋkʃənl/ adj. 功能的 6. conduct /kənˈdʌkt/ v. 开展；实施；引导 7. journal /ˈdʒɜːnl/ n. 期刊 8. sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/ adj. 可持续的 9. flexible /ˈfleksəbl/ adj. 柔韧的；柔性的；灵活的 10. electronic /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk/ adj. 电子的 11. sensor /ˈsensə(r)/ n. 传感器 12. refer to 涉及；指的是 13. electromechanical /ɪˌlektrəʊməˈkænɪkl/ adj. 机电的 14. coupling /ˈkʌplɪŋ/ n. 耦合；结合 15. phenomenon /fəˈnɒmɪnən/ n. 现象 16. strain /streɪn/ n. 应变；压力 v. 拉伸 17. gradient /ˈɡreɪdiənt/ n. 梯度；坡度 18. solid /ˈsɒlɪd/ n. 固体 adj. 固体的 19. piezoelectric /ˌpaɪəʊɪˌlekˈtrɪk/ adj. 压电的 20. squeeze /skwiːz/ v. 挤压；压榨 21. dielectric /ˌdaɪɪˈlektrɪk/ n. 电介质 adj. 绝缘的 22. exhibit /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ v. 展现；表现；展览 23. prospect /ˈprɒspekt/ n. 前景；前途 24. diverse /daɪˈvɜːs/ adj. 多样的；不同的 25. actuating /ˈæktʃueɪtɪŋ/ n. 驱动；作动 26. harvest /ˈhɑːvɪst/ v. 收集；收获 27. synthetic /sɪnˈθetɪk/ adj. 合成的；人造的 28. crystal /ˈkrɪstl/ n. 晶体 29. ceramic /səˈræmɪk/ n. 陶瓷制品 adj. 陶瓷的 30. hierarchical /ˌhaɪəˈrɑːkɪkl/ adj. 层级的；分层的 31. identification /aɪˌdentɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 识别；鉴定 32. challenging /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/ adj. 有挑战性的 语法填空3 参考答案 1. but 2. have tried 3. that/which 4. as 5. to control 6. on 7. smaller 8. precision 9. an 10. advances 语法填空3全文翻译 你是否曾好奇，孔雀的尾羽为何闪烁着绚丽的蓝绿光泽，蝴蝶的翅膀为何能呈现永不褪色的斑斓色彩？这些并非颜料或染料所致，而是“结构色”——完全由微观结构通过捕获、折射和散射光线形成的色彩。 多年以来，科学家一直试图模仿大自然的方式，研制色彩鲜艳、持久耐用的色素，应用场景涵盖防伪标签到柔性显示屏等领域。如今，研究人员取得重大突破，研发出一种新型光学超材料，能够对微观结构实现更精准的调控；其制备工艺还像印刷报纸一样快捷、成本低廉。相关研究成果于4月22日发表在《自然》期刊上。 光学超材料是一种人造材料，经特殊设计以特殊方式调控光线。科学家不再依赖普通材料的天然属性，而是构建比人类发丝还细微的微型结构图案，能够以极高的精确度折射、反射和引导光线。 该技术的一大重要用途便是结构着色：依靠微观纹路无需色素和染料就能生成色彩。这项技术有望催生不褪色涂料、安全全息防伪标识以及节能显示屏。科学家还认为，光学超材料是支撑未来光学、通信、高端制造及国防领域各项进展的一项重要技术。 语法填空3高三核心词汇 1. peacock /ˈpiːkɒk/ n. 孔雀 2. shimmer /ˈʃɪmə(r)/ v. 闪烁；微微发亮 3. brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/ adj. 绚丽的；杰出的 4. fade /feɪd/ v. 褪色；凋谢；逐渐消失 5. dye /daɪ/ n. 染料 v. 染色 6. structural /ˈstrʌktʃərəl/ adj. 结构的 7. hue /hjuː/ n. 色调；色彩 8. microscopic /ˌmaɪkrəˈskɒpɪk/ adj. 微观的；微小的 9. scatter /ˈskætə(r)/ v. 散射；散开 10. vivid /ˈvɪvɪd/ adj. 鲜艳的；生动的 11. anti-counterfeiting /ˌænti ˈkaʊntəfɪtɪŋ/ adj. 防伪的 12. label /ˈleɪbl/ n. 标签；标识 13. optical /ˈɒptɪkl/ adj. 光学的 14. metamaterial /ˌmetəməˈtɪəriəl/ n. 超材料 15. inexpensive /ˌɪnɪkˈspensɪv/ adj. 廉价的；不贵的 16. engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/ v. 设计制造；策划 17. unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ adj. 独特的；不寻常的 18. reflect /rɪˈflekt/ v. 反射；反思 19. extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/ adj. 极度的 n. 极端 20. precision /prɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 精确度；精准 21. pigment /ˈpɪɡmənt/ n. 色素；颜料 22. fade-resistant /feɪd rɪˈzɪstənt/ adj. 抗褪色的 23. hologram /ˈhɒləɡræm/ n. 全息图；全息影像 24. energy-efficient /ˈenədʒi ɪˈfɪʃnt/ adj. 节能的 25. advance /ədˈvɑːns/ n. 进展；进步 v. 推进 26. high-end /haɪ end/ adj. 高端的 27. manufacturing /ˌmænjuˈfæktʃərɪŋ/ n. 制造业；制造 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $