Unit 1 Career talks Understanding ideas课件 2025-2026学年外研版八年级英语下册

外研版八年级英语下册 Unit 1 Career talks Understanding ideas 学习目标 掌握一般现在时和一般将来时被动语态的构成。 熟悉规则动词和不规则动词的过去分词变化规则。 能够将主动语态句子正确转换为一般现在时或一般将来时的被动语态。 Review Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage. 1.The past 30 years were filled with both challenges and joys. （过去的30年充满了挑战与欢乐。） 结构：were (be动词) + filled (过去分词) 2.All my days up high in the air will be kept in my memory. （所有在高空的日子将被保存在我的记忆里。） 结构：will be (助动词+be动词) + kept (过去分词) ✅Para 1： Presentation Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules. (a) All my days up high in the air will be kept in my memory. (b) I'm reminded of some other friends I met through the glass. be + 动词过去分词 被动语态 一般现在时被动语态 This song is loved by many young people. （这首歌被许多年轻人喜爱。） New students are welcomed at the beginning of each term. （新学期开始时会迎接新同学。） 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + 动词过去分词 (+ by...) Presentation Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage. 4. Window cleaning is not always considered a good job, ... 擦窗户这项工作并不总被（人们）认为是一份好工作。 结构：is (be动词) + considered (过去分词) ✅Para 5： Presentation 语态： 表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。 主动语态： 主语是动作的执行者。 I clean the blackboard. 我擦黑板。 被动语态： 主语是动作的承受者。。） The blackboard is cleaned by me. 黑板被我擦了。 被动语态 一般现在时被动语态 Coffee is not served in this meeting room. （这间会议室不提供咖啡。） These old magazines are not read anymore. （这些旧杂志不再被阅读了。） 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词过去分词 (+ by...) Presentation 一般现在时被动语态 Are the windows cleaned every week? （窗户每周都清洁吗？） Is English spoken in this country? （这个国家说英语吗？） Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词过去分词 (+ by...)? 一般疑问句 Presentation 一般现在时被动语态 Where are these cars made? （这些汽车是在哪里制造的？） How is this dish cooked? （这道菜是怎么做的？） 特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 动词过去分词 (+ by...)? 特殊疑问句 Presentation Summary 核心区别 1.主动语态：I clean the window. （“我”是动作发出者） 2.被动语态：The window is cleaned (by me). （“窗户”是动作承受者） 主动语态与被动语态的区别： Page 128 一般现在时被动语态 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + 动词过去分词 (+ by...) （这首歌被许多年轻人喜爱。） This song is loved by many young people. 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词过去分词 (+ by...) （这些旧杂志不再被阅读了。） These old magazines are not read anymore. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词过去分词 (+ by...)? （窗户每周都清洁吗？） Are the windows cleaned every week? Page 128 变谓语，保时态 1.将主动句的谓语动词变为“be + 动词过去分词”的被动形式 2.be动词的时态与主动句谓语动词的时态完全一致 3.be动词的单复数、人称与被动句的新主语保持一致 例：They plant trees every year.→Trees are planted (by them) every year. 译：他们每年种树→树每年被他们种（一般现在时，复数主语用are）。 Summary 一般将来时被动语态 肯定句：主语 + will be + 动词过去分词 (+ by...) （会议明天将在主大厅举行。） The meeting will be held in the main hall tomorrow. 否定句：主语 + will not (won’t) be + 过去分词(+ by...) （这个秘密不会告诉任何人。） The secret will not be told to anyone. 一般疑问句：Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？(+ by...)? （这个项目会按时完成吗？） Will the project be finished on time? Page 128 Rewrite the sentences in the passive in the simple present and the simple future. 1. The farmer plants flowers in early spring. 2. We usually clean up our office for the holidays. 3. The school always holds a party to welcome new teachers. 4. The company will hold a job interview next month. Page 7 Rewrite the sentences in the passive in the simple present and the simple future. 1. The farmer plants flowers in early spring. 2. We usually clean up our office for the holidays. 3. The school always holds a party to welcome new teachers. 4. The company will hold a job interview next month. Flowers are planted in early spring (by the farmer). Our office is usually cleaned up for the holidays (by us). A party is always held to welcome new teachers (by the school). A job interview will be held next month (by the company). Page 7 加by，置句末 1.将主动句的主语变为by的宾语，构成by短语表动作执行者 2.将by短语放置在被动句的末尾，作为句子的补充成分 3.若主动句主语是人称代词，需变为对应的宾格形式 4.动作发出者不明确、无需强调时，直接省略by短语 例：We use computers in our life.→Computers are used (by us) in our life.，译：我们在生活中使用电脑→电脑在生活中被我们使用。 Complete the job posting using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets. are needed are expected is required will be heard will be developed Would you like to join the Students’ Union? Page 7 主动变被动-一般将来时完整示例 例句：They will build a new bridge over the river. 1.找宾语变主语：a new bridge（原宾语）→ 被动句主语 2.变谓语保时态：will build（一般将来时）→ will be built（will后接be原形） 3.加by置句末：they → them → by them 被动句：A new bridge will be built by them over the river. 主动变被动-一般现在时完整示例 例句：We usually clean up our office for the holidays. 1.找宾语变主语：our office（原宾语）→ 被动句主语 2.变谓语保时态：clean up（一般现在时）→ is cleaned up（单数主语用is） 3.加by置句末：we → us → by us 被动句：Our office is usually cleaned up (by us) for the holidays. 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. This area produces over 60% of the world’s jasmine, so it is ______ (call) the “jasmine captial of the world”. [2025年 武汉] 2. Sometimes plastic bottles and caps are _________ (mistake) for real shells. [2024年 苏州] 3. According to the latest notice from the Weihai goverment, a marathon __________ (hold) on November 9th, 2025. [2024年6月 威海] called mistaken will be held 动词过去分词-规则变化（一） 1.一般情况：动词词尾直接加-ed， 2.以不发音e结尾：动词词尾直接加-d， 例：clean→cleaned（打扫）、plant→planted（种植）、like→liked（喜欢）、close→closed（关闭）。 1. Someone waters these plants regularly. ______________________________________________ 2. They will release the new movie in December. ______________________________________________ 3. People don't respect him enough. ______________________________________________ 4. Will they announce the winner today? ______________________________________________ 5. How do they make these beautiful crafts? ______________________________________________ Ⅰ. 把下列句子改为被动语态。 These plants are watered regularly. The new movie will be released in December. He isn't respected enough. Will the winner be announced today? How are these beautiful crafts made? In our city, rubbish sorting is very important. Every day, different kinds of rubbish 1 ________ from our communities. Then they 2 ________ to different processing (处理) centers. Organic waste 3 ________ to make fertilizer (肥料), and recyclable materials 4 ________ into new products. ( )1. A. collects B. are collected C. will be collected ( )2. A. send B. will send C. are sent ( )3. A. is used B. uses C. will use ( )4. A. make B. are made C. will make Ⅱ. 完型填空。 A B C B Next month, a new environmental policy 5 ________ use. More recycling bins 6 ________ in public areas. Do you know how plastic bottles 7 ________? First, they 8 ________ by color and type. Then they 9 ________ and melted down. By this time next year, tons of waste 10 ________ into useful resources. ( )5. A. put into B. is put into C. will be put into ( )6. A. place B. are placed C. will be placed ( )7. A. recycle B. are recycled C. will recycle ( )8. A. are separated B. separate C. will separate ( )9. A. clean B. are cleaned C. will clean ( )10. A. turn B. are turned C. will be turned B C C A B C 动词过去分词-规则变化（二） 1.辅音字母+y结尾：先变y为i，再加-ed， 2.元音字母+y结尾：直接加-ed，无需变y， 3.重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）结尾：双写尾字母，再加-ed 例：carry→carried（携带）、play→played（玩）、stop→stopped（停止）、plan→planned（计划）。 1. Can you understand the use of the passive voice in the simple present and the simple future? 2. Can you write some sentences in the passive voice correctly? 3. Can you talk about a job’s joys/challenges with the passive voice in the simple present and the simple future? Must do: Write some passive sentences to describe a daily activity. Choose to do: Design a short job posting (3 duties + 2 benefits) using at least 2 passive sentences. $