Unit 4 Space Exploration 练习卷-2025-2026学年人教版高中英语必修第三册

Unit 4 Space Exploration 练习卷-2025-2026学年人教版高中英语必修第三册 （考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分） 第一部分 词汇知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 1.He            (regular) drove from his home to his place of employment. 2.The blood samples are sent to the laboratory for            (analyse). 3.They may only have a             (limit) amount of time to get their points across. 4.Out of            (curious), the elderly couple participated in the activity held by the teens yesterday. 5.Scientists have warned that coral reefs are likely to become the worldˈs first ecosystem            (disappear) because of global warming. 6.Although he is            (disappoint) that he failed in the job interview, he still keeps his confidence. 7.On 28 January, 1986, seven American astronauts died when the US space shuttle Challenger exploded soon after it            (launch). 8.Mary            (signal) wildly to her friends in the crowds, but they didnˈt notice her. 9.You could also visit the local library where the            (resource) are rich and diverse. 10.            (understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. 第二节单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 11.Both the colour and            (图案) of this silk are in good taste. 12.He is a            (肤浅的) thinker whose opinions arenˈt worth much. 13.The             (人造卫星) enables us to calculate their precise location anywhere in the world. 14.Our school makes it clear that we cannot use smartphones at school.            (否则), we will be punished. 15.Scientists worry more about a greater danger: collisions in             (轨道) between spacecraft and trash. 16.I hold the firm belief that with a willing heart and            (持续存在的) efforts, I will realize my dream. 17.Walking in the nature reserve, you have a chance to see rare animals like           (巨大的) pandas and golden monkeys. 18.We should sort out the rubbish, hoping that we might            (循环利用) some, which will surely benefit us a great deal. 19.Their brains are scanned so that researchers can            (监测) the progress of the disease. 20.So far nobody has           （认领）the smartphone discovered at the train station. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 阅读理解 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Next 500 Years—Engineering Life to Reach New Worlds ¥203.00 Hardback | 256 pages Published: 20 April 2021 Availability: in stock Description Certainly, life on Earth will come to an end, whether because of climate disaster, world wars, or the death of the sun in a few billion years. To avoid dying out, we will have to find a new home planet, perhaps even a new solar system, to live. In this challenging and interesting book, Christopher Mason argues that we have a duty to do just that. We have a responsibility to act—not only for us human beings but for all other creatures on which we depend. Mason argues that our technology that has enabled us to build rockets and land on other planets can be applied to redesigning biology so that we can live on those planets. And he makes a 500-year plan for carrying out the huge project. As they are today, our weak human bodies could never survive travel to another planet. Mason describes the bad effects that long-term space travel had on astronaut Scott Kelly, who returned from a year on the International Space Station with changes to his blood, bones, and genes(基因). Mason suggests a ten-period, 500-year programme that would engineer our body so that humans can stand the extreme(极端的) environments of outer space—with the final goal of achieving human settlement of new solar systems. He makes a roadmap of which solar systems to visit first, and uses biotechnology and genetics to offer a unique vision of the universe to come. Weight: 620 g Size: 203 mm×137 mm 21.What does Mason suggest doing in his book? A. Preventing creatures from dying out. B. Looking for a new home in space. C. Protecting our home planet. D. Watching over the activities of the sun. 22.Which of the following is unclear about the book? A. The publisher. B. The price. C. The weight. D. The author. 23.Who will buy this book probably? A. People who care about the environment. B. People who pay more attention to animals. C. People who are interested in human history. D. People who want to know more about space. B As a child, I wanted to become an astronaut, and I began preparing myself early. When I was in junior high, I began to wonder, "What should a future astronaut study in college?" I did my research and found that many astronauts have studied Aerospace (航空航天) Engineering. When it came time to apply to college, I only focused on schools that had aerospace engineering programs. I went to Princeton University, where I studied Mechanical (机械的) and Aerospace Engineering. Although I knew Aerospace Engineering was important, I really didnˈt know what engineering was in a day-to-day sense. After my freshman year, I took part in a summer internship (实习工作). I worked in a professorˈs lab, where research focused on how robotic systems work together. It was in this setting that I began to understand what engineering was. From there, a fire was sparked (触发), and I went on to take part in similar research programs hosted at Rice University. These experiences helped me realize that research was my true passion (热爱). I then continued my education, earning a masterˈs degree and later a Ph.D. in Aerospace-related fields. I also completed an internship with NASA, where I worked on two small satellites in space. I currently work for a research and development laboratory. One of the great things about my work is the chance to share new project ideas and see how research can impact everyday life. Finding these opportunities required effort and attention. I kept my eyes peeled for announcements about job opportunities from university websites. By staying active and curious, I was able to gain valuable experience beyond the classroom. For teens interested in engineering, Aerospace Engineering is a good choice. Many ideas may take time to understand, but if you keep going and work hard, you will have a great career. I would also suggest being flexible and well-rounded. You can always learn from different experiences. 24.Why did the author want to study Aerospace Engineering? A. He was advised to do so by a teacher. B. He believed it was a must for astronauts. C. He wanted to work in a professorˈs lab in college. D. He was required to learn it at Princeton University. 25.How did the authorˈs summer internship influence him? A. He decided to change his major. B. He realized the importance of teamwork. C. He learned about different types of robots. D. He developed a strong love for engineering. 26.What can be learned from the authorˈs experience? A. Curiosity is the most powerful thing you own. B. Opportunities are for those who are prepared. C. A good beginning makes for a good ending. D. Itˈs important to find the path that suits you. 27.What is the authorˈs suggestion to teens? A. Hang in there and donˈt give up. B. Be confident and think creatively. C. Focus on one area of engineering. D. Seek internships as early as possible. C Scientists have warned that the risk of a large space rock named 2024 YR4 striking Earth in 2032 has slightly increased. Recent calculations show a 1%-3% chance of impact, but there is still a 97%-99% probability that this near-Earth asteroid (小行星) will miss our planet. The chance is expected to go up and down as researchers enhance their understanding of its orbit. Discovered in December 2023 by a Chilean telescope, 2024 YR4 measures 40-90 metres wide. NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA) plan to observe it in March using the Webb Telescope before it becomes unobservable until 2028. The initial impact chance was just over 1%, later rising to 3%, though NASA stresses the likelihood remains "extremely low". Experts say itˈs too soon to panic. Larry Denneau of the University of Hawaii notes it is "a curiosity", urging patience for further analysis. Paul Chodas of NASAˈs Near-Earth Object Studies Centre echoes this, stating rising probabilities are expected and the risk will likely disappear. Such variations are common as new data emerges, similar to the 2021 case of asteroid Apophis, where initial concerns were later dismissed after precise observations. Since the details are uncertain, it is unclear where it may hit and what the possible effect will be should it strike Earth. The ESA said, if the asteroid is smaller, the effect might be similar to that of the Tunguska event, which flattened thousands of square kilometres of forest in Siberia in 1908. But if the asteroid is larger, close to 100 metres in diameter, the effect will be significantly worse. Once the Webb Telescope provides precise measurements, NASA will be able to assess the threat level. NASA already has some experience deflecting an asteroid. In 2022 they successfully changed an asteroidˈs orbit by crashing a spacecraft into it, though larger asteroids might require more complex strategies. For now, experts agree there is no immediate cause for concern. Public awareness is vital, but scientific consensus (共识) remains: while monitoring continues, 2024 YR4 poses no actionable risk. As Chodas reassures, "This is part of the process—uncertainty decreases with time and data." 28.What may cause the change in the probability of 2024 YR4ˈs impact? A. Changes in the asteroidˈs size. B. Improvements in orbital calculations. C. Public concern and media influence. D. Limitations of telescope technology. 29.Why do experts advise against panic about the asteroid? A. It will pass Earth safely in 2028. B. It is too small in size to cause damage. C. Previous defense missions have already succeeded. D. The impact chance is likely to drop with more data. 30.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The methods of asteroid measurement. B. The potential damage of asteroids in different sizes. C. The increasing probability of the asteroid striking Earth. D. The functions of the Webb Telescope in asteroid detection. 31.What does the underlined word "deflecting" in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Redirecting. B. Remapping. C. Observing. D. Destroying D Have you ever wondered what happens to all of the old objects launched into space, such as rockets and satellites? They are called space junk, and much of it is still out there now. According to NASA, the definition of space junk is "any man-made object in orbit(轨道) around Earth that no longer serves a useful function". One large piece of space junk, a disused rocket, hit the dark side of the moon on 4 March. The rocketˈs origin is not clear, but scientists know that it was massive— weighing about 3 tons. It must have left a large crater(坑), estimated 10 to 20 metres wide, on the moonˈs surface. It wonˈt be visible right away, but scientists are trying to locate it. "We will find the crater, eventually," Mark Robinson, lead investigator for NASAˈs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera, told USA Today. "Depending on its location, it could take as long as 28 days." Whatˈs significant about this space junk crash is that it draws attention to some of the potential dangers of space junk. First, the accumulation of space junk in Earthˈs orbit means that satellites and the International Space Station are at risk. In 2016, tiny space debris(残骸), smaller than a millimetre, caused a tiny chip in the ISSˈ window. Imagine the damage that a larger piece of debris could cause. The European Space Agency website states that objects "up to 1 cm in size could disable an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite" while objects over 10 cm "could shatter a satellite or spacecraft into pieces". If this sounds terrifying, thatˈs because it is. Any collision with larger pieces of debris could be especially dangerous for manned spacecraft. In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to Earth itself. Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it can remain for many decades. Some powerful crashes can even send large debris hurtling(猛冲) towards Earthˈs surface where it can affect the local environment. Leftover rocket debris can contain toxic(有毒的) materials that are harmful to plant and animal life. Some people in Siberia have even reported serious health problems after rocket debris landed in their regions in 2012, a local doctor told the BBC. 32.Which of the following can be regarded as space junk? A. An abandoned space station. B. A spacecraft orbiting the moon. C. A crater on the moonˈs surface. D. A satellite working in low Earth orbit. 33.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Tracking the rocket. B. Locating the crater. C. Cleaning up the space junk. D. Finding out the rocketˈs origin. 34.Why does the author mention the damage caused by tiny space debris in 2016? A. To compare the effects of debris of different sizes. B. To prove the space debris problem is getting worse. C. To illustrate the potential dangers of space junk. D. To explain the necessity of removing space junk. 35.What can be inferred about space junk from the last paragraph? A. Itˈs likely to cause a global environmental crisis. B. It can pose a lasting threat if it remains in the atmosphere. C. Itˈs impossible to stop it from entering the atmosphere. D. The biggest threat comes from the toxic materials contained in space junk. 第二节 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Youˈve watched astronauts float calmly through the International Space Station while you struggle to read an email. It seems that theyˈre born different.     (36)    The same habits that keep them alive in orbit can also make you a better thinker, creator, and problem solver on Earth.    (37)    They do this not because they love repetition, but because it frees up their brain for real emergencies. In daily life, having regular habits can help you focus on more important work. The more you turn your daily routines (日常生活) into habits, the more mental space you free up for creativity. Second, astronauts prepare for problems before they happen.    (38)    Thatˈs why they train for many "what if" situations. Similarly, when studying or working, it helps to predict difficulties and prepare for them. Another helpful habit is keeping records. Astronauts keep detailed mission logs (日志) during their stay. Recording what worked and what didnˈt helps them improve and is good for their mental health during long space missions. You can benefit from the same practice.     (39)    Finally, astronauts donˈt just fix one wire (电线); they figure out how the whole system works together. Think in systems, not moments.    (40)    You should think about how the parts of the story are connected. This way of thinking helps you avoid getting lost in the details and see the big picture. A．You might assume theyˈre just built special. B．They know nothing ever goes according to plan. C．However, what makes them special isnˈt talent—itˈs habit. D．First, astronauts practice basic tasks for years until theyˈre natural. E．If you start trying those space habits, youˈll find you can think more clearly. F．For example, when you write, donˈt pay too much attention to a single sentence. G．Record when and where you work best, and youˈll see what improves your creativity. 第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分45分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。  As I sat in the spaceship, travelling through the vast space, I was amazed by the greatness of the universe. Our task was to explore a newly-discovered planet, Planet X. The journey was long and filled with   (41)  . The meteors(流星)we met seemed to be   (42)   towards us like bullets. It was a(n)   (43)   moment, and everyone held their breath as our captain skilfully   (44)   the ship to avoid the effects. Finally, we arrived near Planet X. Through the telescope, I saw a planet   (45)   in a mysterious purple fog. Landing on the planet was no easy task because the gravity was stronger than we had expected. Our landing gear(起落架)   (46)   some damage during the touchdown.   (47)  , we were all safe in the end. Stepping out of the ship, I was   (48)   by a strange-looking landscape. The   (49)   of the planet looked like a barren desert with fine sand shining brightly. As I collected samples, I   (50)   how insignificant we humans are in this vast universe. Every new   (51)   here made me more curious about what else is out there. After   (52)   the data collected, we found that there existed some special chemicals on this planet. I couldnˈt wait to   (53)   more secrets of Planet X. As the sun set, I felt a   (54)   of excitement and exhaustion. It was a day of unexpected yet wonderful discoveries and I wondered what   （55）   we would experience in the future. 41.A. challenges B. pains C. differences D. joys 42.A. walking B. pointing C. looking D. flying 43.A. relaxing B. stressful C. boring D. exciting 44.A. escaped B. destroyed C. operated D. abandoned 45.A. stuck B. involved C. enveloped D. trapped 46.A. suffered B. avoided C. repaired D. stopped 47.A. Unluckily B. Obviously C. Suddenly D. Thankfully 48.A. scared B. troubled C. refused D. welcomed 49.A. shape B. surface C. inside D. structure 50.A. argued B. predicted C. realized D. explained 51.A. problem B. angle C. discovery D. change 52.A. looking into B. setting off C. carrying out D. holding up 53.A. mask B. reveal C. create D. keep 54.A. culture B. conclusion C. solution D. mixture 55.A. difficulties B. emergencies C. adventures D. accidents 第二节 语篇语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Before the mid-20th century,most people felt travelling into space was 56. impossible dream.However,after many experiments,scientists finally succeeded in making rockets57. could escape Earthˈs gravity. On 4 October 1957,the Sputnik 1 satellite58. (launch)by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth.Afterwards,59. (astronaut)including Yuri Gagarin and Neil Armstrong were sent into space.Later,Americaˈs NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977.And the International Space Station 60 . (provide)a continuous human presence in space since it was put into operation,with spacemen from different countries 61 . board. However,exploring space is filled with risks and even disasters,which make everyone sad and 62. (disappoint).But people still believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration. China became the third country in the world to 63. (independent)send humans into space in 2003,when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.On 23 July 2020,China sent Tianwen1 64. (explore)the surface of Mars.And from 2021 to 2022,China completed a number of rocket missions to establish its own space station.In 2022,China launched the Mengtian module,65. (signal)the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station. 第三节 翻译：汉译英（每小题3分，满分15分） 要求：根据提示短语翻译句子，使用正确的形式，答案书写规范。 66.尽管我发现解决这个问题很困难，但我仍将竭尽全力解决它。（while）​​​​​​ 67.对于你来说，能将新数据与你已经知道的东西联系起来是非常重要的。​​​​​​​ 68.这将永远留在我的记忆中。 (keep… in oneˈs mind) 69.今天的城市博物馆之行真的是一次难忘的经历。 (unforgettable) 70.这让我们对中国航天有了更好的了解。 (allow sb. to do…) 第四部分写作（共一节，满分25分） 第一节应用文写作（满分25分） 71.假设你是校报编辑李华，校报英文版计划面向全体同学开展以“My Space Dream”为主题的征文比赛。请你在校报上写一则通知，内容包括： (1)作品要求； (2)截止时间及投稿方式。 注意：(1) 写作词数应为80个左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Notice                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         第1页，共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Space Exploration 练习卷-2025-2026学年人教版高中英语必修第三册答案及详细解析 （考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分） 第一部分 词汇知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 1. regularly 2. analysis 3. limited 4. curiosity 5. to disappear 6. disappointed 7. was launched 8. signaled/signalled 9. resources 10. Understanding 第二节单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 11. pattern 12. shallow 13. satellite 14. Otherwise 15. orbit 16.  continued / lasting 17. giant 18. recycle 19. monitor 20. claimed 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 阅读理解 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B 第二节 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. G 40. F 第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分45分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分) 41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. C 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C 第二节 语篇语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 56. an 57that/which 58was launched 59.astronauts 60.has provided 61.on 62.disappointed 63.independently 64.to explore 65.signaling/signalling 第三节 翻译：汉译英（每小题3分，满分15分） 66. While I find it difficult to solve the problem, I will try my best to work it out. 67. It is very important for you to be able to relate fresh data to things that you already know. 68. This will be kept in my mind forever. 69. Todayˈs trip to the City Museum is really an unforgettable experience. 70. It allowed us to get a better understanding of China Aerospace. Notice To satisfy studentsˈ thirst for the knowledge of space, our school English newspaper will organise an activity that appeals to students to write an article titled “My Space Dream”. The article mainly focuses on the development of our space industry and your space dream, which will greatly help us students know about the history and development of our space industry, and then inspire us to make contributions to it. Anyone who shows interest in it is welcome to take part in. Remember to send your article to Englishnewspaperclub@126. com by 5 June. Your participation will surely make a difference. 详细解析 第一部分 词汇知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 1. 答案：regularly 解析：本空修饰动词 drove （驾驶），修饰动词必须用副词。 regular （形容词，有规律的）→  regularly （副词，定期地、经常地）。 句意：他定期从家开车去上班。 2. 答案：analysis 解析：介词 for 后面需要接名词作宾语。 analyse （动词，分析）→  analysis （名词，化验、分析），固定搭配 for analysis （送去化验）。 句意：血样被送到实验室进行化验。 3. 答案：limited 解析：空后是名词 amount （数量），修饰名词要用形容词。 limit （动词/名词，限制）→  limited （形容词，有限的）。固定搭配 a limited amount of （少量的、有限的）。 句意：他们只有有限的时间来表达观点。 4. 答案：curiosity 解析：固定短语 out of + 名词 ，表示“出于……”。 curious （形容词，好奇的）→  curiosity （名词，好奇心）。固定搭配 out of curiosity （出于好奇）。 句意：出于好奇，这对老夫妇昨天参加了青少年举办的活动。 5. 答案：to disappear 解析：固定语法结构：名词被序数词/最高级修饰时，后面用不定式 to do 作后置定语。本句 the world's first ecosystem ，所以用 to disappear 。 句意：科学家警告，由于全球变暖，珊瑚礁很可能成为全球首个消失的生态系统。 6. 答案：disappointed 解析： be动词 + 形容词 构成表语。形容人“感到失望的”，用 disappointed ； disappointing 用来形容事物“令人失望的”。本句主语 he 是人，故填 disappointed 。 句意：虽然求职面试失败，他感到很失望，但依然保持自信。 7. 答案：was launched 解析： ① 主语 it 指代航天飞机Challenger，和 launch （发射）是被动关系（被发射）； ② 时间是1986年，为过去时间； ③ 一般过去时被动：was/were + 过去分词。主语单数，故填 was launched 。 句意：1986年1月28日，美国挑战者号航天飞机发射后不久爆炸，7名宇航员遇难。 8. 答案：signaled/signalled 解析：后半句 didn't notice 是一般过去时，前后时态保持一致，前半句谓语动词也要用一般过去式。 signal 的过去式美式拼 signaled ，英式拼 signalled ，两种都正确。 句意：玛丽朝着人群里的朋友拼命挥手示意，但他们没有注意到她。 9. 答案：resources 解析：空后be动词是 are ，说明主语为复数名词。 resource （资源）为可数名词，复数形式 resources 。 句意：你也可以去当地图书馆，那里资源丰富多样。 10. 答案：Understanding 解析：本部分在句子开头，作整个句子的主语，动词作主语需要变为动名词（doing形式），且首字母大写。 句意：了解你自己的需求和沟通方式，和学会表达情感同样重要。 第二节单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 11. 答案：pattern 解析：词义“图案”，英语对应 pattern 。 both...and... 连接并列主语，前面 colour 是单数，本空也用单数。 句意：这块丝绸的颜色和图案都很有品味。 12. 答案：shallow 解析：词义“肤浅的”，形容词，修饰名词 thinker （思想家），对应单词 shallow 。 句意：他是一个肤浅的思想家，观点没什么价值。 13. 答案：satellite 解析：词义“人造卫星”，英语单词 satellite 。句中谓语 enables 是单数，主语用单数。 句意：人造卫星能让我们精准定位世界上任何地点的位置。 14. 答案：Otherwise 解析：词义“否则、要不然”，连词，句首首字母大写，填 Otherwise 。 句意：学校明确规定校内禁止使用手机，否则我们会被处罚。 15. 答案：orbit 解析：词义“轨道”，固定搭配 in orbit （在轨道上），填名词 orbit 。 句意：科学家更担心一个更大的危险：航天器和太空垃圾在轨道上相撞。 16.  答案： continued / lasting 解析：“持续存在的”对应形容词 continuous/continued ，修饰名词 efforts （努力）。 句意：我坚信，只要有坚定的内心和持续的努力，我一定能实现梦想。 17. 答案：giant 解析：词义“巨大的”，形容词，修饰名词 pandas ，填 giant ； giant panda 也是大熊猫固定专有表达。 句意：走在自然保护区，你有机会看到大熊猫、金丝猴等珍稀动物。 18. 答案：recycle 解析：词义“循环利用、回收”，情态动词 might 后面必须接动词原形，填 recycle 。 句意：我们应该做好垃圾分类，希望可以回收再利用，这一定会给我们带来很大好处。 19. 答案：monitor 解析：词义“监测、监控”，情态动词 can 后接动词原形，填 monitor 。 句意：他们扫描受试者的大脑，以便研究人员监测疾病的进展情况。 20. 答案：claimed 解析：词义“认领失物”，助动词 has +过去分词，构成现在完成时， claim 的过去分词 claimed 。 句意：到目前为止，还没有人认领在火车站发现的这部手机。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 阅读理解 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） A篇 21~23. 【语篇导读】  本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了《未来500年：迈向太空的生命工程之旅》这本书的内容、价格等。 21. 【解析】细节理解题。根据Description部分第一段中的“To avoid dying out, we will have to find a new home planet ... to live.”可知，梅森在书中建议在太空中寻找新家园。故选B。 22. 细节理解题。根据“¥203.00”可知，书的价格为203元；根据“Weight: 620g”可知，书的重量为620克；根据Description部分第二段中的“In this challenging and interesting book, Christopher Mason argues that we have a duty to do just that.”可知，书的作者是克里斯托弗·梅森。因此，关于这本书尚不明确的是它的出版商。故选A。 23. 推理判断题。根据Description部分的内容可推知，想要更多了解太空的人会买这本书。故选D。 B篇 24~27. 【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了作者成为航空航天工程师的经历，并给对工程感兴趣的青少年提出建议。 24. 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了作者成为航空航天工程师的经历，并给对工程感兴趣的青少年提出建议。 推断。根据文章第一段可知，作者儿时梦想成为宇航员，他研究发现许多宇航员都学习过航空航天工程，因此申请大学时只关注开设该专业的学校。由此可推知，作者认为该专业是成为宇航员的必要条件。 25. 理解具体信息。根据题干中的summer internship可定位到第二段。第二段提到，作者刚上大学时，并不清楚工程学对日常生活有什么意义；之后的暑假实习工作让他开始理解工程学的内涵。结合第三段中的From there, a fire was sparked可知，暑期的实习工作让作者对工程学产生了强烈热爱。A项(决定换专业)不正确，由下文作者的学习工作经历可知，他始终学习航空航天工程相关专业；B项(意识到团队合作的重要性)文中未提及；C项(了解不同类型的机器人)与实习内容不符，实习工作让作者了解到机器人各系统如何协同，而非了解机器人类型。 26. 推断。文章主线清晰展示了作者如何通过主动、持续的准备来抓住机会、实现目标：早期准备(中学研究宇航员背景，大学只申请相关专业)、持续积累(主动参加多个研究项目与实习)、主动寻找机会(密切关注大学网站的招聘信息)。作者的成功并非偶然，而是长期有意识地准备的结果，完美印证了“机会留给有准备的人”这一道理。文中确实提到了保持好奇心(staying active and curious)，但它被描述为一种辅助品质，用于发现和抓住机会，文章并未将“好奇心”作为主题或“最强大”的东西来强调，故A项不可选；作者确实有“好的开始”(童年梦想)，但文章大量篇幅在描写开始之后的努力过程，C项忽略了持续准备的关键作用；作者确实找到了适合的航空航天领域，但这只是故事的起点，文章重点不在于“找到适合的路”，而在于如何通过具体准备将这条路走通，故排除D项。 27. 理解具体信息。最后一段中，作者给对工程学感兴趣的青少年提出建议：航空航天工程是不错的选择，虽然许多理念可能需要花时间去理解，但只要坚持下去、努力付出，就能拥有出色的职业生涯。A项(坚持下去，不要放弃)能够概括作者的这条建议。B项(自信且能创造性地思考)文中未提及；C项(专注于工程学的一个领域)与作者being flexible and well-rounded(灵活变通、全面发展)的建议相悖；D项(尽早找实习工作)不正确，作者虽提到自己通过实习获得成长，但未明确建议青少年需要尽早找实习工作。 C篇 28~31. 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过分析小行星2024 YR4撞击地球的概率变化、潜在危害及防御策略，传递科学界对天体威胁的理性态度，强调数据更新与国际合作在风险评估中的重要性。 28. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过分析小行星2024 YR4撞击地球的概率变化、潜在危害及防御策略，传递科学界对天体威胁的理性态度，强调数据更新与国际合作在风险评估中的重要性。 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“The chance is expected to go up and down as researchers enhance their understanding of its orbit.”可知，随着研究人员对小行星轨道的理解加深，撞击概率会发生变化，即轨道计算的改进会导致概率变化。故选B项。 29. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Paul Chodas of NASAˈs Near-Earth Object Studies Centre echoes this, stating rising probabilities are expected and the risk will likely disappear. Such variations are common as new data emerges ...”可知，专家提到随着新数据的出现，概率变化是常见的，且风险可能会消失。据此推知，随着更多数据的出现，撞击概率可能会下降。故选D项。 30. 段落大意题。根据第四段“The ESA said, if the asteroid is smaller, the effect might be similar to that of the Tunguska event, which flattened thousands of square kilometres of forest in Siberia in 1908. But if the asteroid is larger, close to 100 metres in diameter, the effect will be significantly worse.”可知，该段主要讲述了不同大小的小行星可能造成的潜在破坏。故选B项。 31. 词义猜测题。根据第五段“In 2022 they successfully changed an asteroidˈs orbit by crashing a spacecraft into it …”可知，NASA通过撞击改变了小行星的轨道，这是deflecting an asteroid的具体行为。据此推知，deflecting意为“使转向，使改变轨道”，与redirecting意思相近。故选A项。 D篇 32~35. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是太空垃圾，以及太空垃圾对太空和地球造成的威胁。 32. 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，太空垃圾的定义是“任何在地球轨道上不再发挥有用功能的人造物体”，再结合选项可知，an abandoned space station意为“一个废弃的空间站”，它是在地球轨道上的人造物体，且不再发挥有用功能，可以被视为太空垃圾。故选A。 33. 代词指代题。根据画线词上文“It wonˈt be ... to locate it.”可知，科学家们正在试图找到坑的位置。由此可知，找到坑的位置可能需要长达28天，it指代的是“找到坑的位置”。故选B。 34. 推理判断题。根据第三段前两句可知，第三段主要告诉我们太空垃圾对卫星和国际空间站造成了潜在危险。由此可推知，作者提到2016年微小太空碎片造成的破坏是为了说明太空垃圾的潜在危险。故选C。 35. 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一、二句可知，太空垃圾还对地球本身构成威胁，碎片会在大气层里保留几十年，造成持久的威胁。故选B。 第二节 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 36~40. 【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了我们在生活中可以借鉴的宇航员的日常习惯。 36. 本文是说明文。文章介绍了我们在生活中可以借鉴的宇航员的日常习惯。 设空处前一句提到宇航员似乎天生与众不同，后一句则强调同样的习惯对我们在地球上的生活也有重要影响，否定了宇航员天生不同的观点，突出习惯的作用。可见设空处需要起到转折作用，引出“习惯”这一核心主题。C项(然而，让他们与众不同的不是天赋，而是习惯)中，However提示转折关系，habit则开启下文的核心内容，符合语境，其中them指代astronauts。A项(你可能认为他们天生就特别)简单重复了上文观点，无法引出文章主旨，故不可选。 37. 设空处为段落首句，且下文出现Second、Another、Finally等表顺序的词，说明文章为“总—分”结构，此处需介绍第一个分论点。由下文内容可知，本段介绍了宇航员会重复训练，这启示我们在生活中形成习惯，才能将更多的精力用在创造性工作上。D项(首先，宇航员会进行数年的基础任务训练，直到成为本能)点明本段介绍的宇航员的习惯。practice basic tasks for years与下文中的repetition相呼应。 38. 设空处后一句提到，这就是他们会针对各种“万一”情况进行训练的原因，可见设空处需要解释宇航员在问题出现前就做好准备的原因。B项(他们知道没有什么事情会完全按计划进行)点明宇航员会预判风险，为下文提供合理的解释。nothing ever goes according to plan呼应上文中的problems和下文中的“what if” situations。 39 设空处上文介绍了宇航员写工作日志的习惯，点明普通人也可以从中获益，设空处应具体说明普通人如何获益。G项(记录下你在何时何处工作效率最高，便能发现如何提升你的创造力)给出普通人可操作的记录方法，并点明了这样做的好处，符合语境。其中Record与上文中的keep detailed mission logs和Recording相呼应。E项(如果你开始尝试这些太空习惯，你会发现你可以更清晰地思考)对诸多太空习惯的好处做了整体总结，可总结全文，但those space habits太过笼统，偏离本段的主题。 40 本段强调要考虑全局，而非只关注瞬间。设空处后一句建议要思考故事的各个部分如何关联，以写故事为例，说明要如何Think in systems。设空处应该引出这个具体例子。F项(例如，写作时不要过于关注单个句子)点明例子的具体场景是写作，与下文中的story相呼应，donˈt pay too much attention to a single sentence也对写作场景下的not moments进行了说明，故符合语境。 第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分45分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。  41~55. 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为宇航员探索新发现的X行星的奇妙经历。 41. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为宇航员探索新发现的X行星的奇妙经历。 【解析】根据后文“The meteors (流星) we met seemed to be ... towards us like bullets.”可知，流星像子弹一样袭来，所以旅程充满困难和挑战。故选A。challenge挑战；pain痛苦；difference差异；joy乐趣。 42. 根据后文towards us like bullets可知，流星像子弹一样朝他们飞来。故选D。walk步行；point指；look看；fly飞。 43. 根据前文“The meteors (流星) we met seemed to be ... towards us like bullets.”和后文“… and everyone held their breath ...”可知，面对流星像子弹一样袭来的危险情况，他们都很紧张。故选B。relaxing令人放松的；stressful紧张的；boring无聊的；exciting令人激动的。 44. 根据后文“… the ship to avoid the effects.”可知，船长操纵飞船以避免流星的影响。故选C。escape逃跑；destroy破坏；operate操作，操纵；abandon抛弃。 45. 根据后文in a mysterious purple fog可知，这里表示行星被紫色雾气笼罩。故选C。stick卡住；involve涉及；envelop笼罩；trap困住。 46. 根据后文some damage during the touchdown可知，起落架在着陆时受到了一些损坏，suffer damage表示“受损”。故选A。suffer遭受；avoid避免；repair修理；stop停止。 47. 根据后文“… we were all safe in the end.”可知，虽然起落架受损，但万幸的是最后他们都安全了。故选D。unluckily不幸地；obviously显然；suddenly突然；thankfully万幸地。 48. 根据后文by a strange-looking landscape可知，奇特的景色呈现在作者眼前。故选D。scare使害怕；trouble使烦恼；refuse拒绝；welcome迎接。 49. 根据后文“… of the planet looked like a barren desert…”可知，此处描述的是行星的表面看起来像沙漠。故选B。shape形状；surface表面；inside内部；structure结构。 50. 根据后文“… how insignificant we humans are in this vast universe.”可知，作者在收集样本时意识到人类的渺小。故选C。argue争论；predict预测；realize意识到；explain解释。 51. 根据后文“… here made me more curious about what else is out there.”可知，每一个新发现让作者更加好奇。故选C。problem问题；angle角度；discovery发现；change改变。 52. 根据后文“… the data collected …”可知，他们研究了收集到的数据。故选A。look into研究，调查；set off出发；carry out实施；hold up举起。 53. 根据后文more secrets of Planet X可知，作者迫不及待地想揭开X行星的更多的秘密。故选B。mask掩饰；reveal揭示，揭开；create创造；keep保持。 54. 根据后文of excitement and exhaustion可知，作者感到既兴奋又疲惫，这是一种混合的感觉。故选D。culture文化；conclusion结论；solution解决方案；mixture混合。 55. 根据后文“… we would experience in the future.”可知，作者想知道将来会经历什么样的冒险。故选C。difficulty困难；emergency紧急情况；adventure冒险；accident事故。 第二节 语篇语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 语篇解读：本文是一篇介绍人类太空探索发展史的说明文。文章以时间为线索，先讲述了早期人类将太空旅行视作空想，再依次介绍世界航天史上的标志性突破、太空探索的风险与意义，最后专门介绍中国载人航天、火星探测、天宫空间站等重大航天成就，展现了人类永不止步的探索精神。 56. 考查冠词。此处表示“一个无法实现的梦想”，表泛指，dream为可数名词，又因impossible的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。 57. 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词为rockets，且空处在从句中作主语，故填that/which。 58. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据“On 4 October 1957”可知，此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时；主语“the Sputnik 1 satellite”和launch之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；主语是第三人称单数，谓语用单数。 59. 考查名词复数。此处作主语，且根据空后的were可知，此处应用名词复数。 60. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意和时间状语“since it was put into operation”可知，空处应用现在完成时；主语为“the International Space Station”，谓语动词应用单数。 61. 考查介词。on board“在宇宙飞船上”为固定搭配，故用介词on。 62. 考查词形转换。此处为“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，空处和sad并列作宾语补足语，根据everyone可知，应用形容词disappointed，表示“失望的，沮丧的”。 63. 考查副词。空处修饰动词send，故用副词。 64. 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处应用动词不定式表目的，故填to explore。 65. 考查非谓语动词。signal的逻辑主语是前面的整个句子，故此处应用动词-ing形式作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。 第三节 翻译：汉译英（每小题3分，满分15分） 66题参考答案：While I find it difficult to solve the problem,I will try my best to work it out. 详细解析 1.关键词while：此处引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管、虽然”，不能翻译成“当……时候”。 2.核心句型find it+形容词+to do：it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式to solve the problem，是高中高频必考结构。 3.固定短语： try one's best to do竭尽全力做某事 work out解决（问题），和前文solve the problem同义替换，表达更地道。 4.时态：从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时will，逻辑逻辑合理。 67题参考答案：It is very important for you to be able to relate fresh data to things that you already know. 详细解析 1.核心固定句型：It is+adj.+for sb.to do sth.（对某人来说，做某事是……的），it为形式主语。 2.重点搭配：relate...to...把……和……联系起来，精准对应题干含义。 3.定语从句：that you already know修饰先行词things，限定“你已经知道的事物”，语法结构完整。 4.fresh data=新数据，用词准确地道。 68题参考答案：This will be kept in my mind forever. 详细解析 1.题干指定短语：keep…in one's mind把……牢记于心、留在记忆中。 2.语态：本句主语This和动词keep是被动关系（被留在记忆里），所以使用被动语态be kept。 3.时态+副词：will表将来，forever对应“永远”，位置放在句尾符合英语表达习惯。 69题参考答案：Today's trip to the City Museum is really an unforgettable experience. 详细解析 1.指定词汇：unforgettable（形容词，难忘的），放在名词experience前作定语。 2.名词所有格：Today's trip表示“今天的出行/之行”，语法正确。 3.固定搭配：trip to+地点去往某地的出行；an experience一次经历（experience表“经历”为可数名词，要加不定冠词an）。 70题参考答案：It allowed us to get a better understanding of China Aerospace. 详细解析 1.指定固定结构：allow sb.to do sth.允许/让某人做某事，严格贴合题干要求。 2.加分固定短语：get a better understanding of更好地了解……，是英语写作高分万能表达。 3.专有名词：China Aerospace中国航天，专业表述准确。 4.时态：句子描述已经完成的事件，用一般过去时allowed，时态合理。 第四部分写作（共一节，满分25分） 第一节应用文写作（满分25分） 一、第一步：精准审题，抓全得分信息 1.写作身份：校报编辑李华 2.文章体裁：英文通知（Notice） 3.写作事由：校报英文版举办「My Space Dream」主题征文比赛 4.必须包含2大核心要点 ①本次征文的作品内容&写作要求 ②明确截止时间+投稿邮箱/方式 5.字数要求：80词左右 6.加分要求：可合理补充细节，让行文连贯自然 二、第二步：搭建范文专属写作框架 1.开头段 点明活动目的，正式宣布征文比赛启动，交代征文主题 （对应范文开头：为满足大家对太空知识的渴求，校报英文版面将开启本次主题征文） 2.中间主体段 详细说明作品写作要求：文章围绕中国航天发展+个人太空梦想展开，点明活动意义，欢迎全体同学参与 3.结尾段 写明截止日期、精准投稿邮箱，礼貌号召大家踊跃参加 三、第三步：逐句对照范文拆解写作逻辑 1.开篇引入句 范文：To satisfy students'thirst for the knowledge of space,our school English newspaper will organise an activity that appeals to students to write an article titled“My Space Dream”. 解析： 用To do不定式表活动目的，高级亮眼 清晰交代主办方、活动性质、征文主题标题，开门见山，通知信息一目了然 2.作品要求&意义说明 范文：The article mainly focuses on the development of our space industry and your space dream,which will greatly help us students know about the history and development of our space industry,and then inspire us to make contributions to it. 解析： 直接讲文章核心写作方向：航天行业发展+个人太空梦想，完美扣题 补充活动价值：了解航天历史、激发探索热情，丰富内容、拉高作文档次 用which引导非限制性定语从句，句式高级不单调 3.参与邀请+投稿信息 范文：Anyone who shows interest in it is welcome to take part in.Remember to send your article to Englishnewspaperclub@126.com by 5 June. 解析： 发出邀请：欢迎所有感兴趣的同学参加 精准给出投稿地址邮箱 明确截止时间by 5 June（6月5日前），踩中全部硬性得分要点 四、第四步：格式&语言规范打磨 1.格式：首行居中写标题Notice，标准通知格式，不丢格式分 2.时态：预告未来活动，全文以一般将来时为主，语法准确 3.句式：长短句搭配，加入定语从句，告别平铺直叙 4.词汇亮点：organise、focus on、inspire、make contributions to，都是高中高频高分词组 五、第五步：写完自查满分清单 通知格式完整规范 作品要求100%写明 截止时间、投稿方式清晰无误 词数控制在80词左右 拼写、大小写、标点全部正确 语气正式得体，符合校园通知风格 第1页，共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $