Unit 4 Space Exploration 课时练(首字母填空+单句语法+续写结构翻译+应用文翻译+阅读理解) 2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

**基本信息** 这份高中英语同步练以“基础巩固-技能应用-综合拓展”分层设计，通过太空主题词汇、语法应用及语篇理解，构建从单一知识点到综合能力的巩固路径，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础巩固|太空主题词汇（首字母填空25题）、非谓语动词等语法（单句填空10题）|题量大，聚焦单一知识点，夯实语言基础| |技能应用|句型结构仿写（9题）、应用文写作（1题）|情境化练习，衔接基础与综合，提升表达能力| |综合拓展|火星探测、太空服等语篇理解（2篇8题）|结合科技主题，考查信息提取与推理，培养思维品质|

一、首字母填空 1． An a______ works and travels in outer space. 2． You must follow the right p______ before launching a rocket. 3． The moon’s g______ is much weaker than the Earth’s. 4． China has sent lots of man-made s______ into space. 5． The scientists are d______ to explore the space world. 6． A big r______ will send the spacecraft into the sky soon. 7． M______ has always dreamed of exploring the universe. 8． The space a______ takes charge of many space projects. 9． The satellite can t______ information to the ground station. 10． He felt d______ because the space plan failed. 11． People have a strong d______ to know more about stars. 12． Please c______ on with your research and never give up. 13． Astronauts can live and work i______ in the space station. 14． The s______ flies around the Earth all the time. 15． We should r______ used materials to protect our planet. 16． Astronauts exercise hard to strengthen their m______. 17． The l______ of food will cause problems for space travel. 18． Hurry up, o______ you will miss the launch activity. 19． This difficult task is b______ my present ability. 20． We have s______ water and food for the long trip. 21． The satellite moves around our planet in a fixed o______. 22． Too much shallow thinking will r______ in wrong decisions. 23． We need to m______ the temperature inside the spacecraft regularly. 24． Astronauts' bodies will f______ easily in the weightless environment. 25． This new f______ in the space station helps astronauts live better. 1. _________________ 2. _________________ 3. _________________ 4. _________________ 5. _________________ 6. _________________ 7. _________________ 8. _________________ 9. _________________ 10. ________________ 11. _________________ 12. _________________ 13. _________________ 14. __________________ 15. _________________ 16. _________________ 17. _________________ 18. _________________ 19. ________________ 20. _________________ 21. _________________ 22. _________________ 23. __________________ 24. _________________ 25. _________________ 二、单句语法填空 1．The building                 (build) next year is our new teaching building. 2．Amy was the only person                 (remember) my birthday. 3．In order                 (create) a good learning atmosphere，everyone is required to keep quiet. 4．Your ability                 (analyse) problems really surprised us. 5．He was too excited                 (speak) when he heard the news. 6．I wish that my father were as easy                 (get) along with as my mother. 7．I have a lot of work                 (finish)，so I can’t go to the shopping mall with you. 8．Thousands of words are not enough                 (express) how grateful we are to you. 9．I’m more than delighted                       (learn) that you have been admitted to Peking University. 10．Anxiously，she searched high and low for her wallet，only                 (find) it was gone. 三、读后续写万能句型仿写练习 句型 1 Doing sth, sb./sth. did sth.  Whistling a tune, she walked into the room.（她哼着小调走进了房间。）  1. 她哼着歌打开了门。 _____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 听着音乐，她打扫了房间。 ______________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 擦着眼泪，她慢慢站起身。 ______________________________________________________________________________________. 句型2 Done..., sb./sth. did sth.  Encouraged by his teacher, she decided to give it a shot.（受到老师的鼓励，她决定尝试一下。） 1.被母亲批评（scold)）后，他开始大哭起来。 _______________________________________________________________________________________. 2.深受故事打动，女孩流下了眼泪。 _______________________________________________________________________________________. 3. 得到朋友的帮助，他顺利完成了任务。 _______________________________________________________________________________________.   句型3 Sb did A, did B and did C  The boys rushed to the river in a hurry, took off their clothes and jumped into the water excitedly. （男孩子们急忙冲到河边，脱下衣服，然后兴奋地跳入水中。） 1.她扫视一眼观众，深吸一口气，然后开始唱歌。   ______________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 她打开书包，拿出书本，开始阅读。 _______________________________________________________________________________________. 3.他拿起水杯，喝了口水，继续埋头工作 _______________________________________________________________________________________. 四、应用文句子翻译 话题：向负责人提出国际学校在教室门口安装的一款多功能智慧屏的开发功能的建议。 Dear Mr. Hall, I'm Li Hua from Class 3, Grade 3. __________________________________________ the upcoming installation of a ___________________________________________ at the entrance of our classroom and __________________________________________________.我对即将在我们教室入口处安装的多功能智能屏幕感到非常兴奋，想分享一些建议。 ____________首先, _________________________________________________________________.一个互动留言板将是一个非常有价值的补充。 It will streamline communication by allowing us _________________________________________________,发布重要公告和提醒信息, thus fostering a more ________________and __________________community.培养一个更加紧密联系、积极参与的社区。 ________________此外， it's better ______________________________________________________with clear ingredient labels and nutritional details,最好更新学生食堂的每日菜单，明确标注食材成分及营养信息, __________________________________________________________________________________.这将使我们能够做出更明智、更健康的饮食选择。 _______________________________________________________________________ and I do hope this project will come to fruition soon.如果您能考虑我的建议，我将不胜感激,我真心希望这个项目能尽快取得成果。 Yours sincerely, Li Hua 五、阅读理解 A One of the crucial issues for mankind to solve before landing humans on Mars is that they must find usable water on the barren(贫瘠的)，reddish planet for the explorers to consume. A recent finding by Chinese scientists based on data obtained by China’s Martian rover Zhurong may have brought that goal closer to reality. According to data obtained by the rover，they have identified hydrated(含水的) materials at Zhurong’s landing site in the southern part of an impact basin called Utopia Planitia.“These hydrated minerals are associated with bright-toned rocks and are interpreted to be duricrust(铝铁硅钙壳) developed locally.The duricrusts suggest that formation with substantial liquid water originates by either groundwater rising or subsurface ice melting，” reads a paper published in the newest issue of the scientific journal Science Advances. Liu Yang，lead author of the paper，said their findings indicate that liquid water activities might have been more active than previously thought during the Amazonian Period，which began about 3 billion years ago and remains ongoing.“There is likely to be a large amount of usable water in hydrated minerals around the landing site of Zhurong as well as the vast areas in Mars’ northern lowlands，” he added. Zhurong is the core component(核心部分) of Tianwen-1，the country’s first inter-planetary mission，and is also the sixth rover on the Red Planet，following five from the United States.It is tasked with surveying Mars’ landforms，geological structures，soil characteristics，potential locations of water and ice，and atmospheric and environmental characteristics，as well as magnetic，gravitational and other physical fields. Zhurong had worked on Mars for nearly a year—far outliving its three-month life expectancy(预期寿命) and switched to dormant mode(休眠模式) currently，mission controllers said，adding it will resume work once it has met specific conditions. 1．What does the underlined words “that goal” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Collecting materials on Mars.   B．Landing humans on Mars. C．Obtaining consumable water on Mars.   D．Testing Rover Zhurong on Mars. 2．What can we learn from duricrust? A．Mineral amount.         B．Water source. C．Planet developments.         D．Soil characteristics. 3．Which statement may Liu Yang agree with? A．Abundant water is stored on Mars. B．Landing site is the only water location. C．Water activities began 3 billion years ago. D．The findings indicate decrease of water formation. 4．What can we learn about Zhurong? A．It is the first rover on Mars.   B．It can continue to serve on Mars. C．It searches for minerals on Mars.   D．It is expected to outlive 3 months. B What do Neil Armstrong，Ed White and today’s astronauts have in common? They all wear a white spacesuit.Beyond NASA，space programs in countries like Russia and China also use white suits.This basic color has saved countless astronauts’ lives.NASA didn’t always have white spacesuits.Their very first manned spaceflight，Project Mercury，used silver suits，but none of those astronauts actually explored the vacuum(真空) of space.And that’s the key because out there，spacesuits have to be highly reflective.And the best color for that isn’t silver，but white. Here on Earth，our atmosphere protects us from 77% of the sun’s radiation(辐射)．But astronauts in space don’t have that natural protection，making them easily hurt by extreme temperatures，severe sunburn，and even cancer-causing cell damage.So to prevent that，they wear white suits that reflect the sun’s harmful radiation. But those white EVA suits aren’t the only garment(衣服) in an astronaut’s closet.When heading into space or coming home，NASA astronauts wear a bright orange suit similar in color to the safety vests Air Force pilots wear，and it’s for similar reasons that loud orange stands out against the blue ocean and sky and is perfect for attracting attention. That being said，times are changing.Nowadays we have more ways of finding out astronauts in need of rescue like GPS，so space agencies are now free to get creative with their color choices.NASA and other programs are already starting to use other colors like deep blue and mustard yellow.In the future，they could look a lot different because NASA is heading to Mars.It will be the longest crewed space mission to date，taking as long as three years from start to finish，and during that time，astronauts could suffer from boredom or depression.That’s where colorful spacesuits could be useful. 5．What is the benefit of wearing white spacesuits? A．Providing protection against sunlight.   B．Building team spirit among astronauts. C．Avoiding damaging the vacuum of space.   D．Guarding astronauts from solar radiation. 6．What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A．Astronauts in bright orange are easy to spot for rescue crews. B．Astronauts have to prepare white EVA suits diverse in pattern. C．Loud orange is the color of choice for dangerous space missions. D．The safety vests Air Force pilots wear are popular with astronauts. 7．Why will NASA use colorful spacesuits for the space mission to Mars? A．To set a new trend of spacesuits.   B．To brighten up the dull space life. C．To show astronauts’ creative minds.   D．To meet the demand of space agencies. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Do Spacesuits Always Stay White?   B．How Do Spacesuits Protect Astronauts? C．Do Colorful Spacesuits Have Advantages?   D．Why Is White So Popular with Astronauts? 参考答案 一、 1. astronaut 宇航员 2. procedure 流程，步骤 3. gravity 重力 4. satellites 卫星（many 后用复数） 5. determined 坚定的；be determined to do 决心做 6. rocket 火箭 7. Mankind 人类（首字母大写） 8. agency 机构；space agency 航天机构 9. transmit 传输（can 后接动词原形） 10. disappointed 失望的（feel + 形容词） 11. desire 渴望 12. carry；carry on 继续，坚持 13. independently 独立地（副词修饰动词） 14. spacecraft 航天器（单复数同形） 15. recycle 回收利用（should 后接动词原形） 16. muscles 肌肉（常用复数） 17. lack 缺乏；the lack of …… 的短缺 18. otherwise 否则，要不然 19. beyond 超出；beyond one’s ability 超出能力 20. sufficient 充足的，足够的 21. orbit n. 轨道；in a fixed orbit 在固定轨道上 22. result v. 导致；result in 为固定搭配 23. monitor v. 监测，监控 24. float v. 漂浮；失重环境下身体容易漂浮 25. facility n. 设施，设备 二、 1. to be built 2. to remember 3. to create 4. to analyse 5. to speak 6. to get 7. to finish 8. to express 9. to learn 10. to find 三、 Humming a song, she opened the door. Listening to music, she cleaned the room. Wiping her tears, she stood up slowly. Scolded by his mother, he began to cry. Moved by the story, the girl shed tears. Helped by his friends, he finished the task smoothly. She glanced at the audience, took a deep breath and began to sing. She opened her schoolbag, took out books and began to read. He picked up the cup, drank some water and kept working. 四、 你所在的国际学校拟在教室门口安装一款多功能智慧屏，现向学生征集建议。假定你是李华，请你给负责人Mr.Hall写一封英文邮件，内容包括: (1)建议开发的功能; (2)说明理由。 范文： Dear Mr. Hall, I'm Li Hua from Class 3, Grade 3. I am really excited about the upcoming installation of a multifunctional smart screen at the entrance of our classroom and would like to share a couple of suggestions. Firstly, an interactive message board would be a valuable addition. It will streamline communication by allowing us to post important announcements and reminders, thus fostering a more connected and engaged community. Secondly, it's better to update the daily menus of the student canteen with clear ingredient labels and nutritional details, which would empower us to make more informed and healthier dietary choices. I would appreciate it if you could consider my suggestions and I do hope this project will come to fruition soon. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 五、 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的火星探测器“祝融号”在火星上发现了水合物质。 1． 答案　C 解析　代词指代题。根据第一段可知，人类想要登陆火星首先需要解决水源问题。由此推知，that goal指的就是找到可饮用的水。故选C。 2． 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The duricrusts suggest that formation with substantial liquid water originates by either groundwater rising or subsurface ice melting”可推知，铝铁硅钙壳提供了有关火星上的水的来源的信息。故选B。 3． 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“There is likely to be a large amount of usable water in...”可知，他认为火星储存着大量的水。故选A。 4． 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，祝融号将来还可以继续在火星上工作。故选B。 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了太空服并不总是白色的，随着时代和科技的进步，它们也可以是其他颜色。 5． 答案　D　 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段末句可知，穿白色太空服的好处是保护宇航员不受太阳辐射的伤害。故选D。 6． 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的“...loud orange stands out against the blue ocean and sky and is perfect for attracting attention.”可知，亮橙色非常引人注目。由此推知，穿亮橙色太空服的宇航员比较容易被救援人员发现。故选A。 7． 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...astronauts could suffer from boredom or depression.That’s where colorful spacesuits could be useful.”可推知，美国宇航局把火星任务的太空服制成彩色的是为了照亮单调的太空生活。故选B。 8． 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段和最后一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了太空服并不总是白色的，随着时代和科技的进步，它们也可以是其他颜色。故A项“太空服总是白色的吗？”适合作为本文标题，符合文章主旨，并引起读者注意。故选A。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $