2026年人教版中考英语复习专练（八）被动语态

2026中考英语复习专练（八）被动语态

1、构成：

be＋过去分词，口语中也用“get / become＋过去分词”表示。

2、被动语态的基本用法：

不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态；强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态(by短语有时可以省略)。

一般现在时  do does	am / is / are + done
一般过去时  did	was / were + done
一般将来时  will do	will + be + done
过去将来时  would do	would + be + done
现在进行时  am / is / are doing	am / is / are + being + done
过去进行时  was / were doing	was / were + being + done
现在完成时  have / has done	have / has + been + done
过去完成时  had done	had + been + done

3、使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题

(1)被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是及物动词

因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者，某些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，也可用于被动语态。

The children were taken good care of by her.

注意：

短语动词中的介词或副词变成被动语态时不可遗漏。

(2) 主动语态变为被动语态要加“to”的情况

若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加“to”。此类动词为感官动词，如：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch等。例如：

The teacher made me go out of the classroom.

I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).

(3)短语动词变被动语态时，注意介词短语的完整性。

Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to.你应该注意你的发音和拼写。

（4）情态动词， be going to, be to, be sure to, have to等结构变为被动语态时，只需将它们

后面的动词原形变为“be＋过去分词”。

We can repair this watch in two days.

---This watch can be repaired in two days.

我们可以在两天内修好这块手表。

（5）当句子的谓语为say, believe, expect, think, know, write, consider, report等时，被动语态有两种形式：谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。

用it作形式主语，真正的主语用主语从句来表示。

People know paper was made in China first.

--Paper was known to be made in China first.

--It is known that paper was made in China first.

众所周知，纸最先在中国被制造。

类似句型有：It is said / known / suggested / believed / hoped / thought that ...

2. 不能用被动语态的几种情况

(1)所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态。

(2)表示状态的谓语动词，如：last, hold, contain, fit, cost等。

(3)表示归属的动词，如have，own，belong to等。

(4)表示“希望、意图、喜好”的动词，如：wish, want, hope, like, love, hate等。

(5)宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。

(6)宾语是同源宾语、不定式、动名词等，谓语动词不用被动语态。

3. 主动形式表示被动意义

英语中有一类既是及物动词又是不及物动词的动词。当它们作为不及物动词而主语又是指物的名词或代词时，往往含有被动意义。因为从逻辑意义上讲这些名词本身不具备执行动作的能力，只能作为动作的承受者。由于动词本身的含义及主语的内在特征，这些动词表达被动意义的方式和与其他词语的搭配又有很多不同之处。

1. 某些连系动词smell，taste，sound，feel等。如：

The cloth feels soft. 这布摸上去很柔软。

The cake tastes good. 这蛋糕很好吃。

That sounds very reasonable. 那听起来很有道理的。

2. 某些不及物动词如build，cook，print，bake 等用于进行时态（主要是现在进行时）。这些动词构成的主动结构可以转化为相应的被动语态。如：

The newspapers are printing.

=The newspapers are being printed.报纸在印刷中。

3. 某些与can't，won't连用的不及物动词。如：

The door won't lock.

=The door won't be locked. 这门锁不住。

4. 某些不及物动词常与副词连用。这些常见的不及物动词有：read，write，wash，clean，draw，burn，sell，cook，photograph，dye，dry，light，tear，carry 等。副词包括well，badly，easily，quickly等。如：

The pen writes smoothly. 这支钢笔很好写。

The knife cuts well. 这把刀很快。

The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。

These bowls don't clean easily. 这些碗不容易洗干净。

5. 某些以含动词意义的名词作介词宾语构成的介词词组可表示被动意义。如：

Oranges are on sale.  橘子在出售。

The question is under discussion.  问题在讨论之中。

巩固提升

语法填空

1. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane         (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. （所给词的适当形式填空）

2. （2020北京卷）Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they         (throw) away. （所给词的适当形式填空）

3. Look! The guests               (show) around the factory. (所给词的适当形式填空)

4. The children        (drill) to leave the classroom quickly when the fire bell rang. （所给词的适当形式填空）

5. Amy, as well as her brothers,          (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. (所给词的适当形式填空)

6. David is one of those students who          (praise) by the headmaster yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空)