2026届最新高考英语模拟三轮冲刺之六选四15篇（上海专用）

2026届最新高考模拟三轮冲刺（上海专用） 六选四15篇 Passage 1 Flower power Paco Calvo’s remarkable book Planta Sapiens is the result of “two decades of passionate exploration into a rich and alternate world that exists alongside our own” — the world of plants. 1 Calvo is a professor of the philosophy of science in the Minimal Intelligence Laboratory at the University of Murcia, Spain. Although he presents detailed scientific evidence to support his case, he also draws on philosophical arguments about the nature of consciousness. We humans have a tendency to believe that the world revolves around us, but Calvo writes that intelligence is “not quite as special as we like to think”. 2    Calvo describes many experiments that reveal plants’ remarkable range, including the way they communicate with others nearby using “chemical talk”, a language encoded in about 1,700 volatile (易挥发的) organic compounds. 3 In lectures, he places a Venus flytrap under a bell jar with a cotton pad soaked in anesthetic. After an hour the plant no longer responds to touch by closing its traps. Tests show that plant’s electrical activity has stopped. It is effectively asleep. If plants can be put to sleep, does that imply they also have a waking state? Calvo thinks it does, and argues that it’s quite possible they have an individual experience of the world: They may be aware. Other studies show that some plants retain a memory of where the sun will rise, in order to turn their leaves towards the first rays. 4 The conclusion must be that they constantly collect information, processing and retaining it in order to “make predictions, learn, and even plan ahead.” These are revolutionary ideas and as Calvo admits, contested by many scientists who study the physiology of plants. But he guides us through the latest research and builds a compelling case that, unlikely as it may seem, deserves to be taken seriously. Although plants lack our grey matter, he believes they have a unique “green matter”. In the absence of nerves, plants use networked cells to regulate themselves. A．He also shows how, like animals, they can be anesthetized (麻醉). B．Fundamentally, this book is about changing our perception of plants. C．They store this knowledge for several days, even when kept in total darkness. D．He argues that it’s time to accept that other organisms, even drastically different ones, may be capable of it. E．These movements of plants are in fact “behavior”, and observing behavior is the route to understanding intelligence. F．The subject of his exploration is startlingly fundamental: the question of whether plants can be regarded as possessing intelligence. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】文章介绍了西班牙教授帕科・卡尔沃在《植物智人》一书中，通过多项科学实验与研究提出植物具备智力、意识、记忆、交流及感知能力，尽管该观点存有争议，但仍值得人们认真看待，并呼吁人们改变对植物的固有认知。 1．根据前文“Paco Calvo’s remarkable book Planta Sapiens is the result of “two decades of passionate exploration into a rich and alternate world that exists alongside our own” — the world of plants. (帕科・卡尔沃所著的佳作《植物智人》，是他“二十年来热忱探索与人类世界并存的另一个丰富别样世界”的成果——这个世界就是植物界。)”可知，文章开篇提到《植物智人》是卡尔沃二十年探索植物世界的成果，F选项“The subject of his exploration is startlingly fundamental: the question of whether plants can be regarded as possessing intelligence. (他探索的主题极具根本意义：植物是否可以被认为拥有智慧。)”承接上文，继续介绍该书的探索主题，引出全文核心话题。 2．根据前文“We humans have a tendency to believe that the world revolves around us, but Calvo writes that intelligence is “not quite as special as we like to think”. (我们人类总习惯性认为世界以我们为中心，但卡尔沃写道，智慧“并不像我们自以为的那般独一无二”。)”可知，前文明说卡尔沃提出“智慧并不是人类独有的”，D选项“He argues that it’s time to accept that other organisms, even drastically different ones, may be capable of it. (他认为，我们是时候承认，其他生物即便与人类截然不同，也同样可能拥有智慧。)”中的it指代前文的intelligence，进一步说明他的观点：其他和人类差异极大的生物也可能拥有智慧，衔接紧密。 3．根据前文“Calvo describes many experiments that reveal plants’ remarkable range, including the way they communicate with others nearby using “chemical talk”, a language encoded in about 1,700 volatile organic compounds. (卡尔沃介绍了许多实验，这些实验揭示了植物非凡的能力范围，包括它们利用“化学对话”与周边同类交流的方式，这是一种由约1700种挥发性有机化合物构成的语言。)”及后文“In lectures, he places a Venus flytrap under a bel jar with a cotton pad soaked in anesthetic. After an hour the plant no longer responds to touch by closing its traps. Tests show that plant’s electrical activity has stopped. It is effectively asleep. If plants can be put to sleep, does that imply they also have a waking state? Calvo thinks it does, and argues that it’s quite possible they have an individual experience of the world: They may be aware. (在讲座中，他把一株捕蝇草放置在玻璃罩下，并放入一块浸有麻醉剂的棉片。一小时后，这株植物受到触碰时，不再闭合捕虫夹。检测显示，植物的电活动已经停止，它实际上进入了睡眠状态。如果植物可以被麻醉入睡，那是否意味着它们也有清醒状态？卡尔沃认为的确如此，并且认为植物很可能拥有对世界的独立感知：它们或许具有意识。)”可知，前文介绍了植物的交流能力，后文具体展开麻醉植物的实验，A选项“He also shows how, like animals, they can be anesthetized. (他还展示了如何像对待动物一样对它们进行麻醉。)”点明“植物和动物一样可以被麻醉”，对应后文的麻醉相关实验内容，完美引出下文，符合逻辑。 4．根据前文“Other studies show that some plants retain a memory of where the sun will rise, in order to turn their leaves towards the first rays. (其他研究表明，有些植物能记住日出的方位，以便将叶片转向清晨的第一缕阳光。)”及后文“The conclusion must be that they constantly collect information, processing and retaining it in order to “make predictions, learn, and even plan ahead.”(由此可以得出结论：植物会不断收集信息，对其进行处理和储存，进而“做出预测、学习，甚至提前规划”。)”可知，前文明说部分植物能记住太阳升起的位置，C选项“They store this knowledge for several days, even when kept in total darkness. (即便处于完全黑暗的环境中，它们也能将这类记忆留存数日。)”中的this knowledge指代前文对太阳位置的记忆，进一步说明植物储存记忆的能力，衔接后文关于植物收集处理信息的结论，符合语境。 Passage 2 Cybercab: A New Era of Robotaxi Transportation The introduction of Tesla’s Cybercab has marked a groundbreaking step in the future of urban transportation. Designed as a dedicated robotaxi, this autonomous vehicle abandons conventional controls such as steering wheels and pedals, relying entirely on AI-powered Full Self-Driving (FSD) system. 1 With a streamlined two-seat layout and advanced sensors, it aims to reshape how people travel in cities. Cybercab represents a giant leap in both technology and concept. Its core is an advanced neural network that processes visual data in real time, enabling precise navigation and response to complex road situations. According to official data, its safety level is roughly ten times higher than that of human driving. 2 It can cut down traffic accidents, ease congestion and lower travel costs significantly. 3 Many worry about legal responsibility, system security and ethical dilemmas (道德困境) in extreme situations. Public acceptance remains another barrier, as some passengers still feel uncomfortable riding in fully driverless vehicles. Technical reliability and emergency handling must be further tested and improved. To prepare for an era of autonomous mobility, governments, companies and the public need to work together. Clear laws and regulations should be made to define operation standards and responsibility. 4 With continuous breakthroughs and cautious (谨慎的) promotion, Cybercab and similar innovations are expected to make transportation smarter, greener and more efficient for everyone. A．Traditional taxis will gradually disappear in the near future. B．Some users complain about the limited space inside Cybercab. C．This breakthrough can greatly benefit traffic safety and efficiency. D．Meanwhile, public trust and understanding need to be gradually built. E．It is no longer just a means of transport but an intelligent mobile space. F．However, this pioneering invention also brings unavoidable challenges. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．F 4．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了特斯拉Cybercab作为专用机器人出租车，标志着城市交通新时代的到来，虽带来诸多益处但也面临挑战，需多方合作应对。 1．由上文“Designed as a dedicated robotaxi, this autonomous vehicle abandons conventional controls such as steering wheels and pedals, relying entirely on AI-powered Full Self-Driving (FSD) system.(作为专用机器人出租车设计的这款自动驾驶汽车放弃了方向盘和踏板等传统控制装置，完全依赖人工智能驱动的全自动驾驶（FSD）系统)”可知，上文介绍了Cybercab的设计特点，本空应进一步说明其意义或功能。E选项“It is no longer just a means of transport but an intelligent mobile space.(它不再仅仅是一种交通工具，而是一个智能移动空间)”能承接上文，符合语境。 2．由上文“According to official data, its safety level is roughly ten times higher than that of human driving.(根据官方数据，其安全水平大约是人类驾驶的十倍)”及下文“It can cut down traffic accidents, ease congestion and lower travel costs significantly.(它可以减少交通事故，缓解拥堵，显著降低出行成本)”可知，上文说明了Cybercab的安全水平高，下文说明了其带来的好处，本空应说明这种突破对交通安全和效率的益处。C选项“This breakthrough can greatly benefit traffic safety and efficiency.(这一突破可以极大地造福交通安全和效率)”能承上启下，符合语境。 3．由下文“Many worry about legal responsibility, system security and ethical dilemmas (道德困境) in extreme situations. Public acceptance remains another barrier, as some passengers still feel uncomfortable riding in fully driverless vehicles. Technical reliability and emergency handling must be further tested and improved.(许多人担心法律责任、系统安全以及极端情况下的道德困境。公众接受度是另一个障碍，因为一些乘客仍然觉得乘坐完全无人驾驶的车辆不舒服。技术可靠性和应急处理能力必须进一步测试和改进)”可知，下文说明了Cybercab面临的挑战，本空应引出挑战这一话题。F选项“However, this pioneering invention also brings unavoidable challenges.(然而，这一开创性的发明也带来了不可避免的挑战)”能引出下文，符合语境。 4．由上文“Clear laws and regulations should be made to define operation standards and responsibility.(应制定明确的法律法规来界定运营标准和责任)”及下文“With continuous breakthroughs and cautious (谨慎的) promotion, Cybercab and similar innovations are expected to make transportation smarter, greener and more efficient for everyone.(随着不断的突破和谨慎的推广，Cybercab和类似的创新有望使每个人的交通更加智能、绿色和高效)”可知，上文说明了政府应采取的措施，下文说明了随着不断的突破和谨慎的推广，Cybercab的未来展望，本空应说明采取的其它推广措施。D选项“Meanwhile, public trust and understanding need to be gradually built.(与此同时，需要逐步建立公众的信任和理解)”能承上启下，符合语境。 Passage 3 The Brain Before and After Birth In a new study, researchers analyzed 184 brain scans collected from 140 fetuses (胎儿) and infants before and shortly after birth. These scans provided a clear view of how the brain changes across this transitional period. 1 To overcome this challenge, the research team used an innovative approach: a soft detection device placed gently on the mother’s belly, combined with AI algorithms to remove motion interference. 2 The scans revealed a significant increase in neuronal activity around birth within specific brain networks. These include the sensorimotor network, responsible for processing external stimuli such as light and sound and coordinating movement, and the deep relay network, which acts as an information hub between different brain regions. 3 After birth, infants are suddenly exposed to a flood of sensory information — from hospital equipment sounds to new smells and lights. The brain must quickly prepare to handle a much “noisier” world. As the lead researcher noted, “Until now, little was known about how brain activity actually changes at the moment of birth.” The new findings now begin to fill this gap. A deeper finding showed that while functional connections between neurons increased sharply around birth, the efficiency of communication improved more gradually. 4 It does this by adjusting its structure and removing unnecessary links through a process known as synaptic pruning. These findings now enable researchers to systematically explore how environmental factors shape early brain development and plan to compare brain network growth in preterm and full-term babies to see if early development differs. A．This allowed them to clean data and reconstruct neural activity in the fetal brain. B．In fact, this efficiency reaches its peak during the fetal stage. C．This suggests after forming many connections, the brain needs time to refine its network. D．However, scientists have long struggled to capture clear signals from the fetal brain. E．The activation of these areas has a clear adaptive value. F．Some researchers argue that genetic programming alone drives these early changes. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项关于胎儿出生前后大脑活动变化的新研究，讲解了研究面临的技术难题、解决方法、关键发现，以及大脑神经网络在出生前后的适应与自我优化过程。 1．根据上文“These scans provided a clear view of how the brain changes across this transitional period.(这些扫描清晰展示了大脑在这一过渡阶段的变化)”以及下文“To overcome this challenge(为了克服这一挑战)”可知，空格处应提出长期存在的研究难题。D选项“However, scientists have long struggled to capture clear signals from the fetal brain.(然而，科学家长期以来都难以捕捉到胎儿大脑的清晰信号)”承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。 2．根据上文“To overcome this challenge, the research team used an innovative approach: a soft detection device placed gently on the mother’s belly, combined with AI algorithms to remove motion interference.(为了攻克这一难题，该研究团队采用了一种创新方法：将一个柔性检测设备轻柔地放置在孕妇腹部，并结合人工智能算法消除运动干扰)”可知，空格处应说明这一方法的效果。A选项 “This allowed them to clean data and reconstruct neural activity in the fetal brain.(这使得他们能够清理数据并重建胎儿大脑的神经活动)”承接上文，符合语境。故选A项。 3．根据上文介绍了胎儿大脑相关神经网络的功能，以及下文 “After birth, infants are suddenly exposed to a flood of sensory information — from hospital equipment sounds to new smells and lights. The brain must quickly prepare to handle a much “noisier” world.(婴儿出生后，会突然接触到大量的感官信息——从医院设备的声响，到陌生的气味与光线。大脑必须迅速做好准备，去应对一个嘈杂得多的世界)”可知，空格处应点明这些脑区激活的意义。E选项“The activation of these areas has a clear adaptive value.(这些区域的激活具有明显的适应价值)”引出下文，符合语境。故选E项。 4．根据上文“A deeper finding showed that while functional connections between neurons increased sharply around birth, the efficiency of communication improved more gradually.(更深入的研究发现：尽管神经元之间的功能连接在出生前后会急剧增强，但信号传递的效率是逐步提升的。)”以及下文“It does this by adjusting its structure and removing unnecessary links(大脑通过调整结构、删除不必要的连接来做到这一点)”可知，空格处应解释大脑需要优化网络。C选项 “This suggests after forming many connections, the brain needs time to refine its network.(这表明在形成大量连接后，大脑需要时间来优化其网络)”承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。 Passage 4 MIYAZAKI HAYAO This Japanese treasure is considered by some to be the world's greatest animator When people discuss famous directors or filmmakers, names like Steven Spielberg, James Cameron and Peter Jackson often come to mind. Miyazaki Hayao is one name that's sometimes overlooked even though he's frequently compared to some of these men. 1 Praise for the award-winning producer, director, animator and filmmaker seems never-ending. His six-decade career has been described as one that is “marked by genius and wonder ...” Miyazaki's spectacular stories transport audiences to magical worlds with memorable characters. As beautiful as the talented animator's stories are, there's often a dark side to them as well as they often feature war, environmental destruction and more. No doubt images from 1940s war-torn Japan left a lasting impression on young Miyazaki, who was born in Tokyo in 1941. During his first few years, his family moved several times, seeking safety. The fears and feelings of instability and danger associated with his childhood made their way into most of Miyazaki's stories. 2 An often-used character in Miyazaki's stories is that of the strong and capable heroine. After graduating from college in 1963, Miyazaki began working as an animator at Toei Animation. 3 Throughout the 1970s, Miyazaki worked at different studios on various projects while continuing to develop his skills. The 1980s brought incredible success and change, which was initiated by the 1984 release of his film Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind. Its great success allowed Miyazaki and two friends to establish their own animation studio, Studio Ghibli, in 1985. 4 At 83 Miyazaki Hayao has considered retirement; and in fact, he's attempted to retire at least three times. But each attempt has been followed by another masterpiece: Spirited Away (2001), The Wind Rises (2013) and The Boy and the Heron (2023). Some have said that The Boy and the Heron, which won the 2024 Academy Award for the best animated feature film, feels like a farewell. Yet Studio Ghibli's vice president Junichi Nishioka is doubtful, saying Miyazaki will likely have a pencil in his hand until the very end. A．Since then, Studio Ghibli has turned out one film after another, most of which have received critical praise. B．Miyazaki just focused on his works instead of others' evaluation, attitude and feelings. C．These dark themes, however, are balanced out by stories of love, loyalty and the importance of family. D．People around the world love Miyazaki for his magnificent hand-drawn animation. E．As a result, Miyazaki's stories ran across lots of negative responses besides positive ones. F．It wasn't long before others noticed his tremendous drawing skills as well as his extraordinary animation style. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．F 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了日本著名动画大师宫崎骏的生平、创作风格、职业生涯以及他的经典作品和所取得的成就。 1．上文提到“When people discuss famous directors or filmmakers, names like Steven Spielberg, James Cameron and Peter Jackson often come to mind. Miyazaki Hayao is one name that's sometimes overlooked even though he's frequently compared to some of these men. (当人们谈论著名导演或电影制作人时，史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格、詹姆斯·卡梅隆和彼得·杰克逊等名字常常浮现在脑海中。宫崎骏这个名字有时会被忽视，尽管他经常被拿来与这些人相提并论。)”说明宫崎骏虽常被与著名导演比较，但有时仍被忽视。下文“Praise for the award-winning producer, director, animator and filmmaker seems never-ending. His six-decade career has been described as one that is “marked by genius and wonder...” (对这位获奖制片人、导演、动画师和电影制作人的赞扬似乎永无止境。他六十年的职业生涯被描述为“充满天才和奇迹……”)”说明宫崎骏受到广泛赞扬。D项“People around the world love Miyazaki for his magnificent hand-drawn animation. (世界各地的人们都喜欢宫崎骏的精美手绘动画。)”承接上文，说明宫崎骏虽有时被忽视，但世界各地的人们都喜爱他的手绘动画，与下文他受到赞扬相呼应。故选D。 2．上文“The fears and feelings of instability and danger associated with his childhood made their way into most of Miyazaki's stories. (与童年相关的恐惧、不稳定和危险的感觉融入了宫崎骏的大部分故事中。)”说明宫崎骏的故事中有恐惧、不稳定和危险等黑暗主题。下文“An often-used character in Miyazaki's stories is that of the strong and capable heroine. (宫崎骏故事中经常使用的角色是坚强能干的女主角。)”说明宫崎骏的故事中也有积极的一面。C项“These dark themes, however, are balanced out by stories of love, loyalty and the importance of family. (然而，这些黑暗的主题被爱、忠诚和家庭重要性的故事所平衡。)”承接上文，说明虽然宫崎骏的故事中有黑暗主题，但也有爱、忠诚和家庭重要性的故事来平衡，与下文坚强能干的女主角相呼应。故选C。 3．上文“After graduating from college in 1963, Miyazaki began working as an animator at Toei Animation. (1963年大学毕业后，宫崎骏开始在东映动画担任动画师。)”说明宫崎骏开始从事动画工作。下文“Throughout the 1970s, Miyazaki worked at different studios on various projects while continuing to develop his skills. (在整个20世纪70年代，宫崎骏在不同的工作室从事各种项目，同时继续发展他的技能。)”说明宫崎骏在不断发展和提升自己的技能。F项“It wasn’t long before others noticed his tremendous drawing skills as well as his extraordinary animation style. (没过多久，其他人就注意到了他非凡的绘画技巧和独特的动画风格。)”承接上文，说明宫崎骏开始工作后不久，他的绘画技巧和动画风格就得到了他人的注意，与下文他继续发展技能相呼应。故选F。 4．上文“Its great success allowed Miyazaki and two friends to establish their own animation studio, Studio Ghibli, in 1985. (它的巨大成功使宫崎骏和两位朋友在1985年成立了自己的动画工作室吉卜力工作室。)”说明宫崎骏成立了自己的工作室，下文应和工作室相关。A项“Since then, Studio Ghibli has turned out one film after another, most of which have received critical praise. (从那以后，吉卜力工作室一部接一部地推出电影，其中大部分都受到了评论家的赞扬。)”承接上文，说明工作室成立带来后带来的成果，推出了多部受到赞扬的电影。故选A。 Passage 5 Where the Wild Things Are in the Suburbs I grew up spending summers at my grandparents’ farm, on the eastern shore of Maryland. I used to pick wild blackberries, catch a dinner of blue crabs, and run between the rows of the tall corn plants. I knew what wild garlic looked like; when the figs (无花果) on the fig trees were ready to eat, I ate them. 1 “They’re so sweet, Mom,” they tell me. But instead of teaching my kids about that landscape, I decided to instill in them a love of the land where they live. Suburbia is not as obviously lovable as tidewater country, but I was determined to practice PBL — place-based learning. That’s a thing in education. I looked it up. So we went to the abandoned parking lot near the dead mall and looked for dandelion (蒲公英) greens, which make a delicious bitter spring salad. We dug with sticks on the road being paved for Wegmans grocery store. My ten-year-old found some colourful rocks. They inspired him to start a rock collection. “This is cool, Mom,” he said. 2 They inherited both from early man. So I’ve been teaching them to search, the way my mother taught me and her mother taught her, all the way back to my ancestral people, the old-country mushroom hunters of Alsace. In the fall, I took my kids to stands of chestnut (栗子) trees and showed them how to get out the edible nuts. We came home with full bags, and I made sweet chestnut puree (糊), which we ate with a big spoon, like a homemade chocolate jam. 3 The beauty of it. That it, rather than supermarkets, sustains them. That they should have appreciation for all the parts of the living soil. 4    We simply walk, observe, feel the dirt under our feet, and occasionally bring home something we harvested with our own hands. The kids smiled with pride of place. A．I felt that I had taught them some big lesson about the earth. B．I grew up spending summers at my grandparents’ farm. C．I read in my wild-edible field guide that they taste like mango. D．I’ve taught my kids to do the same. E．It has been revolutionary to be outside, in the suburbs. F．It wasn’t a stretch to capitalize on my children’s instincts to explore their world and to eat from it. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．A 4．E 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者教孩子在郊区探索自然、学习野外可食用食物的经历。 1．上文“I grew up spending summers at my grandparents’ farm, on the eastern shore of Maryland. I used to pick wild blackberries, catch a dinner of blue crabs, and run between the rows of the tall corn plants. I knew what wild garlic looked like; when the figs on the fig trees were ready to eat, I ate them.(我在马里兰州东海岸的祖父母的农场度过夏天。我过去常摘野黑莓，抓蓝蟹当晚餐，在高大的玉米行间奔跑。我知道野蒜长什么样；当无花果树上的无花果成熟可以吃的时候，我就吃它们)”描述了作者小时候在农场的经历。空后““They’re so sweet, Mom,” they tell me.(“妈妈，它们太甜了，”他们告诉我)”中的“they”指代前文提到的可食用的东西，空处需衔接前文，说明作者也让孩子做了同样的事。选项D“I’ve taught my kids to do the same.(我也教我的孩子们这样做)”既承接前文作者的童年经历，又引出后文孩子的反馈，与上下文相呼应，符合语境。故选D。 2．下文“They inherited both from early man. So I’ve been teaching them to search, the way my mother taught me and her mother taught her, all the way back to my ancestral people, the old-country mushroom hunters of Alsace.(这两种本能都是他们从早期人类那里继承来的。所以我一直教他们去寻找，就像我妈妈教我、她妈妈教她那样，一直追溯到我的祖先——来自阿尔萨斯故乡的采蘑菇人)”中的“both”指代两种本能，空处需明确这两种本能是什么。选项F“It wasn’t a stretch to capitalize on my children’s instincts to explore their world and to eat from it.(利用孩子们探索世界和从世界获取食物的本能并不难)”提到了“探索世界”和“从世界获取食物”两种本能，“both”指代这两种本能，衔接后文内容，符合语境。故选F。 3．上文“In the fall, I took my kids to stands of chestnut trees and showed them how to get out the edible nuts. We came home with full bags, and I made sweet chestnut puree, which we ate with a big spoon, like a homemade chocolate jam.(秋天，我带孩子们去栗树林，教他们如何取出可食用的栗子。我们带着满满几袋栗子回家，我做了甜栗子糊，我们用大勺子吃，就像吃自制的巧克力酱一样)”描述了作者教孩子摘栗子、做栗子糊的过程。空后“The beauty of it. That it, rather than supermarkets, sustains them. That they should have appreciation for all the parts of the living soil.(它的美好之处在于，是它而不是超市养活了他们。他们应该珍惜活土的每一部分)”是作者的感悟，空处需衔接前文的经历，引出后文的感悟。选项A“I felt that I had taught them some big lesson about the earth.(我觉得我教给了他们关于地球的重要一课)”既总结了前文的经历，又引出后文作者对“地球的美好”的感悟，符合语境。故选A。 4．下文“We simply walk, observe, feel the dirt under our feet, and occasionally bring home something we harvested with our own hands.(我们只是散步、观察、感受脚下的泥土，偶尔把亲手收获的东西带回家)”描述了作者和孩子在郊区户外的简单活动。空处需总领后文，说明在郊区户外的感受。选项E“It has been revolutionary to be outside, in the suburbs.(在郊区的户外，这是一种革命性的体验)”总述了在郊区户外的体验，衔接后文“We simply walk, observe, feel the dirt under our feet, and occasionally bring home something we harvested with our own hands.(我们只是散步、观察、感受脚下的泥土，偶尔把亲手收获的东西带回家)”这一具体的活动描述，与上下文相呼应，符合语境。故选E。 Passage 6 Super-white Paint Reflect 95.5% of Sunlight to Cool Buildings Researchers from Purdue University have developed a new white paint that can reflect over 95 percent of sunlight, which can cool the surface even lower than the ambient temperature — the temperature of the surrounding area. Painted on a building, the new paint could help cut cooling costs and energy use. It’s a basic fact of physics that white surfaces and objects reflect more light, and therefore remain cooler. 1 . After all, air conditioning is one of the biggest consumers of energy in the summer months, and studies suggest that painting buildings white can cool entire cities. Many different radiative cooling paints have been developed over the years, reflecting sunlight using glass, Teflon or, most commonly, titanium dioxide (钛), but they all have their drawbacks. 2 . Instead of titanium dioxide, they used calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) fillers, which are much more abundant, cheaper, and absorb less UV light, so they stay cooler. In total, the new radiative cooling paint can reflect 95.5 percent of the light that strikes it. That’s better than many of the other paints in development, which manage between 80 and 90 percent, although it falls short of the record holder-the Teflon coating, which reflects 98 percent of light. The team tested the new coating outdoors over two days, and showed that under direct sun it remained 1.7°C cooler than the ambient temperature, exhibiting a cooling power of 37 W/m². At night, the paint dropped to 10°C below the ambient temperature. In another set of tests, the researchers painted some parts of a pattern with the new paint, and others with a regular white paint of the same thickness. 3 . The team says that the new paint could not only help cool buildings, but prevent outdoor electrical systems from overheating. 4 . “Our paint is compatible with the manufacturing process of commercial paint, and the cost may be comparable or even lower.” says Ruan, an author of the study. “The key is to ensure the reliability of the paint so that it can be used in long-term outdoor applications.” A．But to ensure that it is commercially useful, the researchers next plan to investigate how well it lasts out in the elements. B．Developing the plant was a multi-year process involving a lot of testing of different colors. C．For the new study, the Purdue researchers developed a new method. D．The radiative cooling paint could help cool down houses, cars and even the planet. E．Theoretically, that could be used to help keep buildings cool. F．Using a special camera, they could see the pattern clearly, thanks to the difference in temperature between the two materials. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．F 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国普渡大学研究人员开发的一种新型超白涂料，该涂料能反射95.5%的太阳光，使表面温度低于环境温度，有望用于建筑降温、降低空调能耗。 1．上文“It’s a basic fact of physics that white surfaces and objects reflect more light, and therefore remain cooler.(白色表面和物体反射更多光线，因此保持更凉爽，这是一个基本的物理事实)”提出白色表面反射光线的物理原理，E选项“Theoretically, that could be used to help keep buildings cool.(从理论上讲，这可以用来帮助建筑物保持凉爽)”承接上文，指出该原理可应用于建筑降温，其中“that”指代上文提到的物理事实；下文“After all, air conditioning is one of the biggest consumers of energy in the summer months, and studies suggest that painting buildings white can cool entire cities.(毕竟，空调是夏季最大的能源消耗者之一，研究表明将建筑物刷成白色可以为整个城市降温)”进一步解释建筑降温的意义和应用效果，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 2．上文“Many different radiative cooling paints have been developed over the years, reflecting sunlight using glass, Teflon or, most commonly, titanium dioxide (钛), but they all have their drawbacks.(多年来，人们已经开发出许多不同的辐射冷却涂料，使用玻璃、特氟龙或者最常见的二氧化钛来反射阳光，但它们都有各自的缺点)”指出现有涂料存在缺陷，C选项“For the new study, the Purdue researchers developed a new method.(在这项新研究中，普渡大学的研究人员开发了一种新方法)”与上文构成转折，引出研究人员的新方案；下文“Instead of titanium dioxide, they used calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) fillers, which are much more abundant, cheaper, and absorb less UV light, so they stay cooler.(他们没有使用二氧化钛，而是使用了碳酸钙填料，这种填料更丰富、更便宜，吸收的紫外线更少，因此能保持更凉爽)”具体说明新方法的内容，上下文逻辑一致。故选C项。 3．上文“In another set of tests, the researchers painted some parts of a pattern with the new paint, and others with a regular white paint of the same thickness.(在另一组测试中，研究人员用新型涂料涂覆了图案的某些部分，而用相同厚度的普通白色涂料涂覆了其他部分)”描述了对比测试的设置，F选项“Using a special camera, they could see the pattern clearly, thanks to the difference in temperature between the two materials.(使用特殊的相机，由于两种材料之间的温差，他们可以清晰地看到图案)”承接上文，说明测试中观察结果的方式——通过温差成像，其中“the pattern”与上文的“a pattern”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 4．上文“The team says that the new paint could not only help cool buildings, but prevent outdoor electrical systems from overheating.(研究团队表示，新型涂料不仅可以帮助建筑物降温，还可以防止室外电气系统过热)”介绍了涂料的潜在应用，A选项“But to ensure that it is commercially useful, the researchers next plan to investigate how well it lasts out in the elements.(但为了确保它具有商业用途，研究人员下一步计划研究它在自然环境中的耐久性)”与上文构成转折，指出从实验室走向商业应用还需解决的问题；下文“Our paint is compatible with the manufacturing process of commercial paint, and the cost may be comparable or even lower.(我们的涂料与商业涂料的制造工艺兼容，成本可能相当甚至更低)和“The key is to ensure the reliability of the paint so that it can be used in long-term outdoor applications.(关键是确保涂料的可靠性，使其能够用于长期的户外应用)”进一步说明涂料的商业化潜力和下一步研究重点，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。 Passage 7 From classrooms to care homes Less than three years ago Ms Jiang was tidying away toys and singing rhymes as a teacher at a nursery in Beijing. She remembers parents knocking on the door in an effort to sign their children up. That gradually became rarer, until last year Ms Jiang found herself distributing promotional leaflets for the nursery in her lunchbreaks. 1 Last May Ms Jiang moved into a sector with better growth prospects: care homes and her abilities to teach handicrafts and play games come in useful. Between 2017 and 2022 China’s total fertility (生育) rate crashed from 1.8 to 1. Between 2021 and 2024 pupil numbers in pre-schools fell from 48m to 36m. Some 42,000 of 295,000 pre-schools have closed, and 360,000 of 3.2m pre-school teachers have quit. 2 Whereas China’s nursery-going group will fall by 14m in the next five years, the number of people aged 65 and over will rise from 211m to 256m. China badly needs more staff to care for them. In 2021 it had just half a million certified care workers. That made for just 0.27 care workers per 100 people aged 65 and above, a shockingly low number. Universities have launched degrees in elderly care. The first batch of students graduated last year, to hot demand. All this motivated one Ms Wu in 2023 to open her own care home in Jiangxi after years in nurseries. She has nine residents paying 2,600 yuan a month to be there. The outlook is bright, she says: right now those in care homes have multiple children on average. Those born in the 1970s and 1980s mostly have only one child, which means fewer people to look after them when they eventually get old. 3 She has also had a few from nursery teachers looking to make the switch she did. The government likes “mixed-use” facilities where both young and old are looked after. 4 It had facilities for table-tennis and space for calligraphy, and when the nursery teachers were free, they taught the elderly. The old certainly enjoy seeing the young; some grandparents even drop off tiny relatives at the nursery before heading to their own floor. A．A newspaper has called for local governments to provide funds for such projects. B．A silver lining exists for those sharp-witted enough to adapt. C．Caring for the elderly is easier than caring for young children. D．Last year in Chongqing, for example, an empty floor of a nursery was turned into an “elderly-care station”. E．Ms Wu gets enquiries almost every day from prospective customers. F．She realised the writing was on the wall. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．E 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国由于生育率下降，幼儿园数量减少、教师流失，而老龄化加剧，养老护理需求大增，一些人从幼儿园转行到养老行业，政府也支持“混合用途”设施。 1．由上文“Less than three years ago Ms Jiang was tidying away toys and singing rhymes as a teacher at a nursery in Beijing. She remembers parents knocking on the door in an effort to sign their children up. That gradually became rarer, until last year Ms Jiang found herself distributing promotional leaflets for the nursery in her lunchbreaks. (不到三年前，蒋女士还是北京一家幼儿园的老师，整理玩具，唱儿歌。她记得家长们敲门争着给孩子报名。这种情况逐渐变得少见，直到去年，蒋女士发现自己要在午休时间分发幼儿园的宣传单)”及下文“Last May Ms Jiang moved into a sector with better growth prospects: care homes and her abilities to teach handicrafts and play games come in useful. (去年5月，蒋女士进入了一个增长前景更好的行业：养老院，她教手工艺和玩游戏的能力派上了用场)”可知，上文说明了蒋女士所在幼儿园招生情况变差，下文引出蒋女士转行到养老院，本空应说明蒋女士意识到幼儿园的困境，意识到自己需要转行。F选项“She realised the writing was on the wall. (她意识到不祥之兆已现)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 2．由上文“Between 2017 and 2022 China’s total fertility (生育) rate crashed from 1.8 to 1. Between 2021 and 2024 pupil numbers in pre-schools fell from 48m to 36m. Some 42,000 of 295,000 pre-schools have closed, and 360,000 of 3.2m pre-school teachers have quit. (2017年至2022年，中国总生育率从1.8骤降至1。2021年至2024年，学前教育在校生人数从4800万降至3600万。29.5万家幼儿园中有4.2万家关闭，320万名幼儿园教师中有36万人辞职)”及下文“Whereas China’s nursery-going group will fall by 14m in the next five years, the number of people aged 65 and over will rise from 211m to 256m. China badly needs more staff to care for them. (未来五年，中国上幼儿园的人数将减少1400万，而65岁及以上人口将从2.11亿增至2.56亿。中国急需更多人员来照顾他们)”可知，上文说明了中国幼儿园面临困境，下文引出中国养老行业前景好，本空应说明对于那些能够适应变化的人来说，还是有机会的。B选项“A silver lining exists for those sharp-witted enough to adapt. (对于那些足够聪明、能够适应的人来说，还有一线希望)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 3．由上文“All this motivated one Ms Wu in 2023 to open her own care home in Jiangxi after years in nurseries. She has nine residents paying 2,600 yuan a month to be there. The outlook is bright, she says: right now those in care homes have multiple children on average. Those born in the 1970s and 1980s mostly have only one child, which means fewer people to look after them when they eventually get old. (所有这些促使吴女士在幼儿园工作多年后，于2023年在江西开设了自己的养老院。她有九位住户，每月支付2600元。她说，前景是光明的：现在养老院的人平均有多个孩子。70后和80后大多只有一个孩子，这意味着他们年老时照顾他们的人会更少)”可知，上文说明了吴女士认为养老院前景光明，本空应说明吴女士的养老院前景光明的体现。E选项“Ms Wu gets enquiries almost every day from prospective customers. (吴女士几乎每天都会收到潜在客户的咨询)”能承接上文的乐观前景，符合语境。故选E。 4．由上文“The government likes “mixed-use” facilities where both young and old are looked after.(政府喜欢“混合用途”设施，在这里年轻人和老年人都能得到照顾)”以及下文“It had facilities for table-tennis and space for calligraphy, and when the nursery teachers were free, they taught the elderly. The old certainly enjoy seeing the young; some grandparents even drop off tiny relatives at the nursery before heading to their own floor.(这里有乒乓球设施和书法空间，当幼儿园老师有空时，他们会教老年人。老人们当然喜欢看到年轻人；一些祖父母甚至在去自己楼层之前把年幼的亲戚送到幼儿园)”可知，上文说明了政府喜欢“混合用途”设施，下文具体说明了一个“混合用途”设施的例子，本空应举例说明一个“混合用途”设施。D选项“Last year in Chongqing, for example, an empty floor of a nursery was turned into an “elderly-care station”.(例如，去年在重庆，一所幼儿园的一层空楼层被改造成了一个“养老站”)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 8 SHANGHAI, Dec 1 (Reuters) -Disney’s “Zootopia 2” became the highest-grossing animated foreign film ever in China, despite generally muted interest in overseas movies in the country. 1 “It is Disney’s most important movie in China this year, for sure,” said Ashley Dudarenok, founder of China digital consultancy Chozan, with its themes of personal resilience and societal harmony resonating with local audiences. “Zootopia 2” sales accounted for around 95% of all movie ticket sales over its opening weekend. 2 The original “Zootopia’” also became China’s most popular foreign animated film when it was released in 2016. Hollywood films were caught up earlier this year in the U.S.-China trade war. Beijing curbed the number of U.S. films that were allowed to be shown in China in response to higher tariffs on Chinese goods. 3 Hollywood studios once looked to China, the world’s second-largest film market, to help boost their box office performances. 4 Earlier this year, local animation “Ne Zha 2”eclipsed(使失色). Pixar’s “Inside Out 2” to become the world’s highest-grossing animated film of all time after raking in nearly $2 billion at the Chinese box office. Even so, Disney seemed confident that “Zootopia 2” would find a significant audience in China, with Chief Executive Bob Iger traveling to Shanghai for a local premiere(首映) a fortnight ago. In addition, Disney partnered with China Eastern Airlines on a “Zootopia 2” themed plane. And the Shanghai Disneyland resort is home to the world’s only “Zootopia” themed land, which opened in 2023 to capitalize on local affection for the original film. A．But domestic movies increasingly have outperformed Hollywood fare in China. B．Analysts said this move would have only a limited impact, given the declining influence of foreign films in China. C．As of Monday morning Beijing time, the local box office total for “Zootopia 2” had reached 1.95 billion yuan in its first six days of release. D．Its runaway success in China is particularly notable given the changing environment for foreign films in China since the first “Zootopia” film was released. E．The film’s universal appeal has set a new benchmark for Disney’s global animation strategy. F．Local media coverage has been positive since its Shanghai premiere, speaking highly of the film’s visual effects. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了尽管中国对海外电影兴趣减弱，《疯狂动物城 2》仍在中国斩获超高票房，成为最成功外国动画电影。受贸易战等影响，好莱坞影片影响力下滑，国产电影表现更佳，而迪士尼仍为该片在中国做了大量宣传。 1．前文“SHANGHAI, Dec 1 (Reuters) -Disney’s “Zootopia 2” became the highest-grossing animated foreign film ever in China, despite generally muted interest in overseas movies in the country.  (（路透社上海12月1日电）——迪士尼的《疯狂动物城 2》成为在中国上映的海外动画电影中票房收入最高的影片，尽管该国观众对海外电影的兴趣普遍不高。)”提到《疯狂动物城 2》成为中国影史票房最高外国动画电影，尽管国内对海外电影兴趣普遍低迷。后文““It is Disney’s most important movie in China this year, for sure,” said Ashley Dudarenok, founder of China digital consultancy Chozan, with its themes of personal resilience and societal harmony resonating with local audiences.( “毫无疑问，这是迪士尼今年在中国最重要的电影作品了，”中国数字咨询公司Chozan的创始人阿什利·杜达雷诺克说道，其关于个人坚韧与社会和谐的主题与当地观众产生了共鸣。)”分析师评价该片是迪士尼今年最重要的中国电影，主题引发共鸣。D选项“Its runaway success in China is particularly notable given the changing environment for foreign films in China since the first “Zootopia” film was released.( 尤其值得注意的是，这部影片在中国的狂热成功，是因为自第一部《疯狂动物城》上映以来，外国影片在中国的环境发生了变化。)”既承接“票房高”，又点出“海外电影处境变化”的背景，完美过渡。故选D项。 2．前文““Zootopia 2” sales accounted for around 95% of all movie ticket sales over its opening weekend.( “《疯狂动物城 2》在首映周末的票房收入约占所有电影票房收入的 95%。”)”提到首映周末该片票房占全国总票房约 95%。后文“The original “Zootopia” also became China’s most popular foreign animated film when it was released in 2016.( 2016 年该片上映时，《疯狂动物城》也成为了在中国最受欢迎的海外动画电影。)”提到第一部2016年上映时也曾是中国最火外国动画。C选项“As of Monday morning Beijing time, the local box office total for“Zootopia 2” had reached 1.95 billion yuan in its first six days of release.( 截至北京时间周一上午，“疯狂动物城 2”的当地票房总收入在上映的前六天已达到19.5亿元人民币。)”用具体数据支撑前文的票房火爆，逻辑连贯。故选C项。 3．前文“Beijing curbed the number of U.S. films that were allowed to be shown in China in response to higher tariffs on Chinese goods.( 北京方面为应对对中国商品加征的更高关税，限制了允许在中国上映的美国影片数量。)”提到因中美贸易摩擦，北京限制了引进美国电影的数量。B选项“Analysts said this move would have only a limited impact, given the declining influence of foreign films in China.( 分析人士表示，鉴于外国影片在中国的影响力不断下降，这一举措的影响将十分有限。)”对“限制美国片”这一行为做出评价，衔接上下文。故选B项。 4．前文“Hollywood studios once looked to China, the world’s second-largest film market, to help boost their box office performances.( 好莱坞电影公司曾指望中国市场（全球第二大电影市场）能帮助提升其票房成绩。)”提到好莱坞片商曾寄希望于中国这一全球第二大电影市场提升票房。后文“Earlier this year, local animation “Ne Zha 2”eclipsed(使失色). Pixar’s “Inside Out 2” to become the world’s highest-grossing animated film of all time after raking in nearly $2 billion at the Chinese box office.( 今年早些时候，本土动画片《哪吒 2》在中国斩获近20亿美元票房，超越皮克斯的《头脑特工队 2》，成为全球票房最高的动画电影。)”提到今年国产动画《哪吒 2》票房超越皮克斯《头脑特工队 2》。A选项“But domestic movies increasingly have outperformed Hollywood fare in China.( 但在中国，国产电影的表现愈发优于好莱坞影片。)”形成转折，引出“国产片强于好莱坞”的现状，与后文例子对应。故选A项。 Passage 9 In uncertain times, certainty is over-rated and over-rewarded Type the words “kind of”, “probably” or “perhaps” into an email in Microsoft Outlook and the program might well tell you to think again. If the artificial intelligence-powered “Microsoft Editor” decides you’re not sounding decisive enough, it will warn you: “ 1 ” To me, this suggestion encapsulates something we’ve got wrong in society: we live in a world that rewards those who speak with a strong opinion — even when that is misplaced — and gives very little airtime to those who acknowledge doubt. “ 2 Why? Because that’s psychologically satisfying,” says Dan Gardner, author of Future Babble. “That’s saying ‘let me sweep away the uncertainty for you’.” Research shows that the human brain is hard-wired to hate uncertainty: a 2016 study published in Nature Communications found that when volunteers were given electric shocks, their stress levels were highest when they had no idea whether they were going to be given a shock or not — higher even than subjects who were told they definitely would get one. While confident-sounding pundits might be giving us what our brains desire, the relief they are providing is probably not real. 3 In fact, Psychology professor Philip Tetlock found that there was an inverse (相反的) correlation between the fame of forecasters and their ability to predict the outcomes of events. Prof Tetlock divided up forecasters into “foxes” and “hedgehogs”. Foxes consider all sorts of different approaches and perspectives, and synthesize those into various “small” conclusions. Hedgehogs tend to view the world through the lens of one single defining idea. That makes the hedgehogs worse forecasters but more likely to get attention. 4 Mr Gardner suggests one way to do this would be to tag speakers with some kind of record of previous predictions, much as we are given performance statistics for racehorses or baseball players. A．Yet overconfident “thought leaders” and other public figures are usually the ones who get the most newspaper headlines and biggest social media followings. B．Highly confident statements also promote polarization, encouraging others to respond in the same kind of language when they disagree. C．We are drawn to, and more inclined to listen to, those pundits (权威/专家) who tell us a simple, clear, confident story. D．But wouldn’t it be better if we held “experts” and leaders to account? E．And it makes sense that when we’re all feeling anxious, we would want to feel that some adults somewhere know what they’re doing. F．Words expressing uncertainty lessen your impact. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要批判社会过度推崇确定性与果断表达，指出自信的专家未必可靠，并呼吁理性看待所谓权威观点。 1．根据前文“If the artificial intelligence-powered “Microsoft Editor” decides you’re not sounding decisive enough, it will warn you: (如果人工智能驱动的“微软编辑器”判定你听起来不够果断，它就会警告你：)”可知，前文提到软件会对不果断的表达发出警告，此空应是警告的具体内容，F选项“Words expressing uncertainty lessen your impact.(表达不确定性的词语会削弱你的影响力。)”与前文“不够果断”的语境完全对应，符合语境。故选F项。 2．根据后文“Why? Because that’s psychologically satisfying.(为什么？因为这在心理上令人满足。)”可知，前文应提出一种人们倾向于相信果断言论的现象，C选项“We are drawn to, and more inclined to listen to, those pundits (权威/专家) who tell us a simple, clear, confident story.(我们会被那些讲述简单、清晰、自信故事的权威所吸引，也更愿意听他们说话。)”引出后文对这一现象原因的解释，符合语境。故选C项。 3．根据前文“While confident-sounding pundits might be giving us what our brains desire, the relief they are providing is probably not real.(虽然听起来自信的权威可能给了我们大脑想要的东西，但他们提供的慰藉可能并不真实。)”以及后文“In fact, Psychology professor Philip Tetlock found that there was an inverse (相反的) correlation between the fame of forecasters and their ability to predict the outcomes of events.(事实上，心理学教授菲利普·泰特洛克发现，预测者的名气与其预测事件结果的能力呈负相关。)”可知，此空应说明过度自信的公众人物反而更受关注，A选项“Yet overconfident “thought leaders” and other public figures are usually the ones who get the most newspaper headlines and biggest social media followings. (然而，过度自信的“思想领袖”和其他公众人物通常占据报纸头条，拥有最多的社交媒体粉丝。)”承接前后文，符合语境。故选A项。 4．根据后文“Mr Gardner suggests one way to do this would be to tag speakers with some kind of record of previous predictions, much as we are given performance statistics for racehorses or baseball players.(加德纳先生提出一种方法：给发言者贴上过往预测记录的标签，就像我们查看赛马或棒球运动员的表现数据一样。)”可知，后文提出监督专家的具体方法，此空应提出是否应该问责这些专家的疑问，D选项“But wouldn’t it be better if we held “experts” and leaders to account? (但如果我们让“专家”和领导者承担责任，难道不是更好吗？)”引出后文的解决方案，符合语境。故选D项。 Passage 10 Errors of a wise man William Blake once said, “Make the errors of a wise man, not the perfection of a fool.” 1 It specifically targets a feature written by someone for whom English is a second, possibly even third, language. As a publisher, should we have caught those mistakes? Of course. But we didn’t. We missed them, and that’s on us. Now, if we had relied on ChatGPT or some other AI tool — those errors would have been eliminated. 2 And that’s where the difference lies. AI writes with mechanical fluency, an odd smoothness that, at first glance, might seem impressive. But there’s no soul in it. No human aspect, which is often where the charm and character of a story reside. When you read Adventure, you’re not consuming an unimaginative, algorithmic mixture of facts and details, woven together from a thousand other sources. What you get is something raw, something real — real people doing real things, telling real stories — experiences lived and shared. That’s a distinction that matters. In an era where fake news, Al-generated images, and even virtual sports clouds the lines between truth and fabrication (虚构的信息), we choose authenticity over perfection. We own our mistakes. 3 Sure, you could buy a flawless, genetically modified apple, polished and sprayed to maintain perfection. It might look good but how would it taste? Would it nourish you the same way? Would it carry the same depth of flavour that comes from sun, soil and time? Adventure isn’t about a flawless, airbrushed version of the world. It’s about telling stories that aren’t smoothed to perfection but that pulse with life, with humanity. So yes, we made a mistake, and we’ll probably make more, but we’ll own them. Because we’re not in the business of chasing perfection. We’re in the business of telling real stories, about real adventures, experienced by real people. And if that means the occasional typo slips (打印错误) through? 4 A．AI doesn’t make grammatical mistakes, but it does make factual ones. B．Last week, we received an email pointing out a few grammatical errors in our latest issue. C．The grains of sand under your nails after a long climb carry more wisdom than AI. D．They’re the marks on an organic apple — imperfect, maybe, but honest. E．We’ll take that over soulless perfection every single time. F．Were those mistakes ours to catch? 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要阐述出版商选择接受智者的错误、追求内容真实性，而非依赖AI追求无灵魂的完美，强调真实故事的价值。 1．根据上文“William Blake once said, “Make the errors of a wise man, not the perfection of a fool.”(威廉・布莱克曾经说过：“要做智者的错误，而不是愚者的完美。”)”以及下文“It specifically targets a feature written by someone for whom English is a second, possibly even third, language. As a publisher, should we have caught those mistakes?(它专门针对一篇由英语是第二语言，甚至可能是第三语言的人撰写的特写。作为出版商，我们本应该发现这些错误吗？)”可知，此处应引出“错误”这一具体话题，衔接下文的错误相关内容，B选项“Last week, we received an email pointing out a few grammatical errors in our latest issue.(上周，我们收到一封电子邮件，指出了我们最新一期杂志中的几处语法错误)”既呼应了上文的“错误”，又引出下文对这些错误的讨论，符合语境。故选B项。 2．根据上文“Now, if we had relied on ChatGPT or some other AI tool — those errors would have been eliminated.(现在，如果我们依赖 ChatGPT 或其他一些人工智能工具 —— 那些错误就会被消除)”以及下文“And that’s where the difference lies. AI writes with mechanical fluency, an odd smoothness that, at first glance, might seem impressive. But there’s no soul in it.(这就是区别所在。人工智能的写作具有机械的流畅性，一种奇怪的顺滑感，乍一看可能令人印象深刻。但其中没有灵魂)”可知，此处应衔接上文AI能消除错误的特点，同时引出AI的不足，A选项“AI doesn’t make grammatical mistakes, but it does make factual ones.(人工智能不会犯语法错误，但会犯事实错误)”既说明AI能消除语法错误（呼应上文），又指出其存在事实错误的不足，为下文阐述AI没有灵魂做铺垫，符合语境。故选A项。 3．根据上文“We own our mistakes.(我们承认自己的错误)”以及下文“Sure, you could buy a flawless, genetically modified apple, polished and sprayed to maintain perfection. It might look good but how would it taste?(当然，你可以买一个完美无瑕的转基因苹果，经过抛光和喷洒处理以保持完美。它可能看起来不错，但味道会怎么样呢？)”可知，此处应将 “错误” 比作某种不完美但真实的事物，衔接下文的苹果比喻，D选项“They’re the marks on an organic apple — imperfect, maybe, but honest.(它们就像有机苹果上的印记 —— 也许不完美，但很真实)”中的They指代上文的mistakes，且用苹果比喻呼应下文，符合语境。故选D项。 4．根据上文“So yes, we made a mistake, and we’ll probably make more, but we’ll own them. Because we’re not in the business of chasing perfection. We’re in the business of telling real stories, about real adventures, experienced by real people. And if that means the occasional typo slips through?(所以是的，我们犯了一个错误，而且可能还会犯更多，但我们会承认。因为我们不是在追求完美的行业。我们是做真实故事的，关于真实的冒险，由真实的人经历的故事。如果这意味着偶尔会有打印错误溜走呢？)”可知，此处应回应上文的提问，表明宁愿接受错误也不想要无灵魂的完美，E选项“We’ll take that over soulless perfection every single time.(我们每次都会选择那个（错误），而不是无灵魂的完美)”既回应了上文的打印错误问题，又呼应了全文“宁愿不完美但真实，也不要无灵魂完美”的主旨，符合语境。故选E项。 Passage 11 “Be present.”This is the slogan of mindfulness meditation and a supposed key to self-awareness and acceptance. 1 That is, as we develop skills in complex tasks, we can perform them with increasing facility until attention seems to be unnecessary. Everyday examples range from riding a bike to chopping cucumbers to brushing your teeth. Forming this state of “automaticity” are mental processes that can be executed without paying attention to them. 2 We don’t perform all tasks automatically, but many can be performed this way once they are well practised. To be clear, paying attention is important when learning a new skill. But research has also revealed that paying too much attention to what you’re doing can have damaging effects, particularly when you perform well-practised skills. In fact, this is one reason why some experts appear to “choke under pressure”:   3 In a classic study, cognitive scientist Sian Beilock and her colleagues had skilled golfers attempt to sink putts(推球入洞) under different experimental conditions. In one scheme, the golfers were simply instructed to pay attention to the swing of their club (球杆) and say “stop” when they finished their swing. In another condition, they were directed to listen for a target sound while ignoring other noises and say the word “tone” when they heard the target sound.Surprisingly, the skilled golfers performed considerably worse when they focused on their swing than when they paid attention to irrelevant sounds. 4 . But there are situations where we should let automaticity take over. The next time you ride a bike or join in a sport, don’t overthink it. A．In any type of mindfulness exercise, the goal is to perform routine activities with a heightened sense of attention. B．Although mindfulness has its advantages, psychological research has also revealed that in some circumstances it’s important to be mindless. C．They think too much about the mechanics of the task at hand. D．Automaticity can be disrupted by explicit attention when the devotion of conscious attention to the pattern alters the content or timing of that pattern itself. E．Of course, we should not resign to go through life on autopilot, missing opportunities to make deeper connections with ourselves, one another and our environment. F．These processes proceed without conscious awareness. 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．C 4．E 【导语】 本文是一篇议论文，围绕 “专注当下”与“无意识自动化行为”展开，打破了 “正念是自我认知与接纳唯一关键” 的固有认知，指出心理学研究表明在某些情况下 “无心而为” 也十分重要。 1．根据上文“Be present. ”This is the slogan of mindfulness meditation and a supposed key to self-awareness and acceptance.(“活在当下”是正念冥想的口号，也被认为是实现自我认知与接纳的关键)”，以及下文“That is, as we develop skills in complex tasks, we can perform them with increasing facility until attention seems to be unnecessary.(也就是说，当我们熟练掌握复杂任务的技能后，便能愈发得心应手地完成，甚至无需刻意投入注意力)”可知，此空需要形成转折，在肯定正念的基础上，引出“无需刻意专注的自动化行为”这一核心观点，实现从“正念”到“无心”的过渡。B选项“Although mindfulness has its advantages, psychological research has also revealed that in some circumstances it’s important to be mindless.(尽管正念有其益处，但心理学研究也表明，在某些情况下，学会“无心而为”同样重要)”以“Although”引导让步，承接前文的正念理念，同时用“be mindless”引出后文“无需注意力的自动化行为”，完美承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。 2．根据上文“Forming this state o“tomaticity” are mental processes that can be executed without paying attention to them.(构成这种“自动化状态”的，是那些无需刻意关注就能完成的心理过程)”，以及下文“We don’t perform all tasks automatically, but many can be performed this way once they are well practised.(我们并非能自动化完成所有任务，但许多任务一旦熟练掌握，便能以这种方式完成)”可知，此空需要进一步阐释“自动化状态下的心理过程”的核心特征，承接前文的定义。F选项“These processes proceed without conscious awareness.(这些过程的进行无需有意识的感知)”中的“These processes”指代前文的“mental processes”，精准解释了自动化心理过程“无需刻意关注”的本质就是“无意识参与”，与前文定义形成呼应，符合语境。故选F项。 3．根据上文“But research has also revealed that paying too much attention to what you’re doing can have damaging effects, particularly when you perform well-practised skills. In fact, this is one reason why some experts appear to “choke under pressure”:(但研究也表明，做事情时过度专注反而会产生负面影响，尤其是在执行熟练掌握的技能时。事实上，这也是一些专业人士会在压力下“发挥失常”的原因之一)”可知，此空需要补充说明专业人士压力下发挥失常的具体原因，即对熟练技能过度关注的具体表现，承接前文的冒号提示。C选项“They think too much about the mechanics of the task at hand.(他们过于纠结当下所做任务的具体操作细节)”中的“They”指代前文的“some experts”，精准解释了“过度专注”的具体表现——纠结技能的操作细节，这也是导致发挥失常的核心原因，符合语境。故选C项。 4．根据下文“But there are situations where we should let automaticity take over. The next time you ride a bike or join in a sport, don’t overthink it.(但在有些情况下，我们应当让自动化行为主导一切。下次骑自行车或参加体育运动时，别想太多)”可知，此空需要以让步的语气，先肯定“专注”的价值，再通过“But”转折引出“让自动化行为发挥作用”的观点，形成逻辑递进。E选项“Of course, we should not resign to go through life on autopilot, missing opportunities to make deeper connections with ourselves, one another and our environment.(当然，我们不应一味依赖自动化模式度过一生，错失与自我、他人和环境建立更深层次联结的机会)”以“Of course”引出让步，明确指出不能过度依赖自动化行为，与后文的“But”形成转折，既呼应了开头的正念理念，又为后文“特定场景下的无心而为”做铺垫，符合语境。故选E项。 Passage 12 The Renaissance of Repair In our modern “throwaway culture,” when a toaster breaks or a smartphone screen cracks, the typical reaction is often to dispose of it and buy a new one. It seems easier, faster, and sometimes even cheaper than trying to fix it, and advertisements quietly encourage us to see replacement as a sign of progress rather than waste. 1 Electronic waste has become the fastest-growing waste stream in the world, and our growing disconnection from the objects we use has left many of us strangely helpless and dependent when they fail. Fortunately, a counter-movement is rising: the “Right to Repair.” This global trend urges a return to a mindset where fixing things is not just a necessity, but a virtue and even a form of quiet resistance to disposable culture. Proponents argue that repair is about more than just saving money or reducing landfill. 2 When you understand how a machine works well enough to fix it, you move from being a user to being a master of your tools. Matthew Crawford, author of Shop Class as Soulcraft, suggests that this hands-on engagement provides a deep, almost meditative satisfaction that our screen-based lives often lack, precisely because it roots us in the physical world rather than the virtual one. Yet the path to repair is paved with obstacles. Over the last few decades, products have become increasingly sealed off, both physically and digitally. 3 We encounter “tamper-proof” screws, glued-in batteries, and software locks that prevent independent repair shops from working on devices, even when the problem is minor. This strategy, known as “planned obsolescence,” ensures a steady stream of sales but creates a cycle of endless consumption, in which even well-intentioned consumers feel they have little choice but to keep buying. 4 Governments in Europe and parts of the United States are beginning to pass laws that protect the consumer’s right to repair, arguing that true sustainability requires extending a product’s life rather than merely recycling it at the end. This legislative shift forces companies to provide manuals and spare parts. As these barriers fall, we may see a revival of the local repair shop and a shift in how we value our possessions — not for their novelty, but for their longevity, the care invested in them, and the stories they carry across years of use. A．A tangible wave of change, however, is around the corner. B．Manufacturers often make devices hard to open or source parts for. C．It fosters a sense of independence and connection to the material world. D．It transforms us from passive consumers into active problem-solvers. E．Recycling is the only solution to our mounting electronic waste issue. F．However, this comes at a hidden environmental and psychological cost. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要批判现代社会盛行的“丢弃文化”，倡导通过“维修权”运动复兴维修实践，以应对电子垃圾危机、重建人与物的联结，并推动可持续的生活方式。 1．根据空前“In our modern “throwaway culture,” when a toaster breaks or a smartphone screen cracks, the typical reaction is often to dispose of it and buy a new one. It seems easier, faster, and sometimes even cheaper than trying to fix it, and advertisements quietly encourage us to see replacement as a sign of progress rather than waste.(在我们现代的“丢弃文化”中，当烤面包机坏了或智能手机屏幕裂了，典型的反应通常是扔掉它，买个新的。这似乎比修理更容易、更快捷，有时甚至更便宜。广告也在悄悄鼓励我们将更换视为进步的标志，而非浪费。)”和空后“Electronic waste has become the fastest-growing waste stream in the world, and our growing disconnection from the objects we use has left many of us strangely helpless and dependent when they fail.(电子垃圾已成为全球增长最快的废物流，而我们与所用物品日益脱节，导致许多人在物品损坏时陷入一种奇怪的无奈与依赖状态。)”可知，空前描述了人们倾向于丢弃并购买新物品的现象，以及广告如何塑造这种观念，空后则提出电子垃圾和人与物品脱节，故本空需要承上启下，指出这种行为的负面影响，故F项“然而，这种行为带来了隐蔽的环境和心理代价。”符合，引出后文关于电子垃圾和人与物品脱节的论述。F选项中的“this”指代前文描述的“throwaway culture”，且“environmental and psychological cost”直接对应后文“electronic waste”和“helpless and dependent”等内容。故选F项。 2．根据空前“Proponents argue that repair is about more than just saving money or reducing landfill.(支持者认为，维修的意义远不止省钱或减少垃圾填埋。)”和空后“When you understand how a machine works well enough to fix it, you move from being a user to being a master of your tools. Matthew Crawford, author of Shop Class as Soulcraft, suggests that this hands-on engagement provides a deep, almost meditative satisfaction that our screen-based lives often lack, precisely because it roots us in the physical world rather than the virtual one.(当你足够了解一台机器的工作原理并能修复它时，你就从使用者转变为了工具的主人。《摩托修理店的未来工作哲学》一书的作者Matthew Crawford提出，这种亲自动手的参与能提供一种屏幕生活往往缺乏的、近乎冥思的深刻满足感，正是因为它将我们扎根于物质世界，而非虚拟世界。)”可知，前一句提出“维修的意义不止于省钱或减少垃圾”，后文则具体描述维修如何让人从“使用者”转变为“工具的主人”，并提到动手实践带来的满足感。故本空需要进一步阐释维修的深层价值，C项“它既能培养一种独立感，也能让人重新与物质世界建立联系。”符合，强调其带来的精神与认知层面的益处。且选项中“independence and connection to the material world”与后文“master of your tools”“roots us in the physical world”形成直接呼应。故选C项。 3．根据空前“Over the last few decades, products have become increasingly sealed off, both physically and digitally.(过去几十年，产品在物理和数字层面都变得越来越封闭。)”和空后“We encounter “tamper-proof” screws, glued-in batteries, and software locks that prevent independent repair shops from working on devices, even when the problem is minor.(我们遇到了“防拆解”螺丝、胶封电池以及阻止独立维修店处理设备的软件锁——即使问题很小。)”可知，空前提出“产品在物理和数字层面日益封闭”，空后紧接着列举“防拆螺丝”“胶封电池”“软件锁”等例子，故本空需要具体说明这种“封闭”的表现形式。故B项“制造商常使设备难以打开或获取零件。”符合，概括制造商的行为。故选B项。 4．根据空后“Governments in Europe and parts of the United States are beginning to pass laws that protect the consumer’s right to repair, arguing that true sustainability requires extending a product’s life rather than merely recycling it at the end.(欧洲和美国部分地区的政府开始通过法律保护消费者的维修权，认为真正的可持续性在于延长产品的使用寿命，而非仅仅在其寿命终结时回收。)”可知，空后提出欧洲和美国部分地区的政府开始通过法律来鼓励修复电子产品，且前一段主要描述维修面临的障碍，因此，本空需要转折，从“问题”过渡到“解决方案或转变”。故A项“然而，一股切实的变革浪潮即将来临。”符合，并预示变革的到来。故选A项。 Passage 13 “Be present.” This is the slogan of mindfulness meditation and a supposed key to self-awareness and acceptance. Mindfulness may have psychological benefits. Earlier this year, a synthesis of randomized controlled trials revealed that mindfulness-based interventions had small to moderate benefits for a number of health outcomes, including stress, anxiety and depression. 1 . That is, as we develop skills in complex tasks, we can perform them with increasing facility until attention seems to be unnecessary. Everyday examples range from riding a bike to chopping cucumbers-to brushing your teeth. Forming this state of “automaticity” are mental processes that can be executed without paying attention to them. 2 . We don’t perform all tasks automatically, but many can be performed this way once they are well practised. To be clear, paying attention is important when learning a new skill. But research has also revealed that paying too much attention to what you’re doing can have damaging effects, particularly when you perform well-practised skills. In fact, this is one reason why some experts appear to “choke under pressure”: 3 . In a classic study, cognitive scientist Sian Beilock and her colleagues had skilled golfers attempt to sink putts (推球入洞) under different experimental conditions. In one scheme, the golfers were simply instructed to pay attention to the swing of their club and say “stop” when they finished their swing. In another condition, they were directed to listen for a target sound while ignoring other noises and say the word “tone” when they heard the target sound. Surprisingly, the skilled golfers performed considerably worse when they focused on their swing than when they paid attention to irrelevant sounds. Nevertheless, the important message from this research is that focusing too carefully on the execution of well-practiced motor sequences can cause mistakes. 4 . But there are situations where we should let automaticity take over. The next time you ride a bike or join in a sport, don’t overthink it. A．In any type of mindfulness exercise, the goal is to perform routine activities with a heightened sense of attention. B．Although mindfulness has its advantages, psychological research has also revealed that in some circumstances it’s important to be mindless. C．They think too much about the mechanics of the task at hand. D．Automaticity can be disrupted by explicit attention when the devotion of conscious attention to the pattern alters the content or timing of that pattern itself. E．Of course, we should not resign to go through life on autopilot, missing opportunities to make deeper connections with ourselves, one another and our environment. F．These processes run off without conscious awareness — a chain reaction of mental events. 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．C 4．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文，围绕“正念”与“无意识自动化行为”的关系展开，分析了二者在不同场景下的作用。 1．根据前文“Mindfulness may have psychological benefits. (正念可能有心理益处)”可知，空处需承接“正念的益处”并引出后文。选项B“Although mindfulness has its advantages, psychological research has also revealed that in some circumstances it’s important to be mindless. (尽管正念有其优势，但心理学研究也表明，在某些情况下，无心也很重要)”既承接前文，又引出后文，符合语境。故选B项。 2．根据前文“Forming this state of “automaticity” are mental processes that can be executed without paying attention to them. (这种‘自动化’状态，指的是无需刻意留意就能完成的心理过程)”可知，空处需进一步解释这一心理过程。选项F“These processes run off without conscious awareness — a chain reaction of mental events. (这些过程在无意识下进行——是心理活动的连锁反应)”中“These processes”指代前文的“mental processes”，且解释了“无需注意力”的特点，符合语境。故选F项。 3．根据前文“paying too much attention to what you’re doing can have damaging effects, particularly when you perform well-practised skills. In fact, this is one reason why some experts appear to “choke under pressure” (过度关注自己正在做的事会产生负面影响，尤其是在你执行熟练掌握的技能时。事实上，这正是一些专家会‘在压力下发挥失常’的原因之一)”可知，空处需说明“压力下失常”的具体原因。选项C“They think too much about the mechanics of the task at hand. (他们对当下任务的操作细节想得太多)”对应“过度关注”的表现，符合语境。故选C项。 4．根据后文“But there are situations where we should let automaticity take over. (但有些情况我们应该让自动化接管)”的转折逻辑可知，空处需体现“不能完全依赖自动化”。选项E“Of course, we should not resign to go through life on autopilot, missing opportunities to make deeper connections with ourselves, one another and our environment.(当然，我们不应听任生活进入‘自动驾驶’模式，从而错失与自我、他人及周遭环境建立更深联结的机会)”体现了这一态度，与后文转折一致，符合语境。故选E项。 Passage 14 In a world where everyone seems busy chasing goals and managing endless tasks, genuine human warmth often feels rare. Yet, psychologist Dr Lalita Suglani reminds us that a few kind words can make a surprisingly deep difference. Giving compliments, she explains, is more than good manners — it is a simple act with real psychological and social benefits. Most people understand how pleasant it feels to receive praise, but fewer realise that offering it can be equally uplifting. Studies have shown that giving compliments activates the brain's reward centres, releasing dopamine — the same chemical that boosts happiness after exercise or laughter. 1 “When we compliment others,” says Dr Lalita,“we also build our own sense of value and confidence. We start to see ourselves as someone who adds light to others' lives.” There is also a social dimension. 2 They encourage people to look beyond their own concerns and notice positive qualities in others. Such moments of appreciation can ease tension, open conversation, and even repair relationships. In this sense, complimenting others is not simply about kindness; it is a practical way to improve communication and, in turn, emotional health in any community. 3 The act of giving praise releases oxytocin, often called the"love hormone." This chemical supports feelings of safety and connection, much like a hug or friendly smile. Each time we express admiration, our brain rewards us for engaging in positive social behaviour, encouraging us to repeat it. Still, many people find compliments awkward. 4 According to Dr Lalita, such hesitation comes from vulnerability — the fear of being judged or rejected. Yet, she adds,“If we push through that discomfort, we discover how powerful our words can be.” Learning to give sincere compliments is, in fact, a skill. It begins with paying attention, noticing effort, and speaking with honesty. When practiced often, it can lift moods, deepen trust, and make everyday life a little brighter for everyone involved. A．Nevertheless, this comes at a cost. B．Compliments help to strengthen bonds, creating trust and belonging. C．While some hesitate to give compliments, others express it openly and with complete ease. D．Science provides a clear explanation. E．Some feel shy about expressing warmth; others fear being misunderstood or sounding insincere. F．This reaction makes both the giver and receiver feel more relaxed, satisfied, and connected. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．D 4．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了赞美他人所带来的心理和社会益处，并探讨了人们对此感到犹豫的原因以及如何学会给予真诚的赞美。 1．根据上文“Studies have shown that giving compliments activates the brain's reward centres, releasing dopamine — the same chemical that boosts happiness after exercise or laughter.(研究表明，给予赞美会激活大脑的奖励中心，释放多巴胺 —— 这种化学物质与运动或大笑后提升愉悦感的物质是同一种)”该句点明了给予赞美会触发多巴胺释放的生理机制。空处需要承接上文，进一步说明这种生理反应带来的具体效果。F选项“This reaction makes both the giver and receiver feel more relaxed, satisfied, and connected.(这种反应让给予者和接受者都感到更放松、满意和更有连接感。)”中This reaction精准指代前文的“多巴胺释放”这一生理反应，不仅清晰阐释了该反应带来的双向积极效果，还与语境形成高度契合。再结合下文““When we compliment others,” says Dr Lalita,“we also build our own sense of value and confidence. We start to see ourselves as someone who adds light to others' lives.”(“当我们赞美他人时，”拉丽塔博士说，“我们也会树立起自身的价值感与自信心。我们会开始将自己看作一个能为他人生命带来光芒的人。”)”可知，后文重点论述了赞美他人给给予者自身带来的心理益处，这恰好与F选项中“the giver”相呼应，进一步印证了F选项的合理性，故选F。 2．前文“There is also a social dimension. (赞美还存在社会层面的意义)”为该段定下核心论述方向，即赞美的社交价值。空处需要具体展开这一维度的内容，同时为后文内容做铺垫。B选项“Compliments help to strengthen bonds, creating trust and belonging. (赞美有助于加强人际联结，创造信任与归属感)”精准切中“社交维度”这一核心，清晰点明了赞美在人际交往中的关键价值，与下文“They encourage people to look beyond their own concerns and notice positive qualities in others.(它们鼓励人们跳出自身的关注点，发现他人身上的闪光点)”形成紧密呼应 —— 选项中的“strengthen bonds, creating trust and belonging”是对社交价值的高度概括，下文则进一步说明赞美如何推动人们关注他人、实现良好社交互动，二者共同完整阐释了赞美在社交场景中的重要意义。此外，下文的代词“They”也恰好指代选项中的“Compliments”，形成了严谨的指代逻辑链，进一步印证了B选项的合理性。故选B。 3．前文已从心理和社会两个层面论述了赞美的益处，下文“The act of giving praise releases oxytocin, often called the"love hormone."(给予赞美的行为会释放催产素，这种物质常被称为“爱的荷尔蒙”)” 则将论述视角转向科学原理层面。空处承担承上启下的作用，需要衔接前文的益处总结与后文的科学解释。D 选项“Science provides a clear explanation.(科学为这一现象提供了清晰的解释)”起到了过渡作用，自然引出下文关于催产素的科学分析，逻辑连贯。故选D。 4．上文“Still, many people find compliments awkward.(尽管如此，很多人觉得赞美他人这件事很别扭)”提出了一个普遍现象。下文“According to Dr Lalita, such hesitation comes from vulnerability — the fear of being judged or rejected.(根据拉丽塔博士的说法，这种犹豫源于内心的脆弱 —— 害怕被他人评判或拒绝)”具体解释了这种尴尬感的原因。空处需要一个能具体说明“尴尬”表现的句子，作为对前文现象的展开，并为后文的解释做铺垫。E选项“Some feel shy about expressing warmth; others fear being misunderstood or sounding insincere.(有些人羞于表达内心的善意；还有些人担心被误解，或是担心自己的赞美听起来不够真诚)”恰当地列举了人们感到尴尬的两种具体情况，与上下文衔接紧密。故选E。 Passage 15 Butter is Back After decades as a dietary pariah (被遗弃者) , it’s a star ingredient in everything from brown butter pasta to butter cake, and you may have noticed the growing variety at the supermarket. Americans eat an average of 6. 5 pounds per year, up 18 percent over the past decade, according to the International Dairy Foods Association. Why the butter renaissance? For one thing, America’s obsession with fat-free foods has been eclipsed by a growing appetite for minimally processed ingredients. 1 When you want steak browned to perfection, you baste (浇油脂) it in butter. Hollandaise sauce and flaky croissants could not exist without it. And few food combinations are tastier than a salted dollop on crusty bread. Of course, butter is creamy because it’s full of fat, most of which is the saturated kind that’s been linked to a higher risk of heart disease. A study found that people who ate the most butter had a 15 percent higher risk of early death from any cause, while those who consumed the most plant-based oil — such as olive, canola, and soybean oils — had a 16 percent lower risk. 2 “Butter is not a health food we should be seeking out, but not a poison we should be avoiding, either,” says cardiologist Dariush Mozaffarian. It’s all about balance: When your diet doesn’t include much food high in saturated fat, such as red meat and whole-milk dairy products, “eating butter in moderation is fine,” he says. 3 But they’re not necessarily better for you than regular butter and usually can’t match its flavor or effect when cooking or baking. Margarine is typically made from a blend of vegetable oils like soybean or sunflower, but some may contain palm oil, which is high in saturated fat. “Light” butter may blend real butter with canola oil for reduced fat and calories. Whipped butter also has less fat and fewer calories because it has more air. 4 Buttery sprays are low in calories and fat, give grilled food, vegetables, and popcorn quick flavor, and can be used to grease pans. However, these spritzes tend to contain high amounts of artificial ingredients. A．That doesn’t mean you can’t enjoy butter, though. B．For the sake of health, we should try to resist its temptation. C．Both can serve as perfect substitutes for butter. D．For another, nothing flavors all kinds of food like butter can. E．Neither works well for baking, but they can satisfy a bread-and-butter craving. F．If you want to cut back on butter or prefer plant-based foods, there are some alternatives. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．F 4．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了黄油在经历了数十年的饮食“被遗弃者”身份后重新流行起来的现象，分析了其复兴的原因，同时探讨了黄油的健康风险，并介绍了黄油的多种替代品及其特点。 1．根据上文“Why the butter renaissance? For one thing, America’s obsession with fat-free foods has been eclipsed by a growing appetite for minimally processed ingredients. (为什么黄油会复兴？首先，美国人对低脂肪食品的痴迷已经被对低加工成分日益增长的需求所掩盖。)”可知空格处需承接上文，继续说明黄油复兴的另一个原因。D 项“For another, nothing flavors all kinds of food like butter can. (另一方面，没有什么能像黄油那样给各种食物调味。)”中“For another”与上文的“For one thing”构成固定搭配 ，且后文列举了黄油在烹饪和食用中的多种用途，与D项中“给各种食物调味” 的内容相呼应。故选D。 2．上文“Of course, butter is creamy because it’s full of fat, most of which is the saturated kind that’s been linked to a higher risk of heart disease. (当然，黄油是奶油状的，因为它富含脂肪，其中大部分是饱和脂肪，而饱和脂肪会增加患心脏病的风险。)”提到黄油富含饱和脂肪，与更高的心脏病风险和早逝风险相关，下文““Butter is not a health food we should be seeking out, but not a poison we should be avoiding, either,” says cardiologist Dariush Mozaffarian. (心脏病专家Dariush Mozaffarian说：“黄油不是我们应该寻求的健康食品，但也不是我们应该避免的毒药。”)”说明空格处需起到转折作用，连接“黄油有健康风险”和“可以适量食用黄油”这两个内容。A项“That doesn’t mean you can’t enjoy butter, though. (不过，这并不意味着你不能享用黄油。)”中的“though”表示转折，既承接了上文的健康风险，又引出了下文“可以适量食用”的观点，符合语境。故选A。 3．下文提到“But they’re not necessarily better for you than regular butter and usually can’t match its flavor or effect when cooking or baking. (但它们不一定比普通黄油更健康，而且在烹饪或烘焙时，味道和效果通常也比不上普通黄油。)”其中“they”指代空格处提到的事物，结合后文出现的“Margarine”“Light butter”“Whipped butter”等可知，这些都是黄油的替代品。F 项“If you want to cut back on butter or prefer plant-based foods, there are some alternatives. (如果你想减少黄油的摄入量，或者更喜欢植物性食物，有一些替代品。)”中“alternatives”与下文的“they”相呼应，且引出了下文对各种替代品的介绍，符合语境。故选F。 4．上文“Margarine is typically made from a blend of vegetable oils like soybean or sunflower, but some may contain palm oil, which is high in saturated fat. “Light” butter may blend real butter with canola oil for reduced fat and calories. Whipped butter also has less fat and fewer calories because it has more air. (人造黄油通常是由豆油或葵花籽油等植物油混合制成的，但有些可能含有棕榈油，棕榈油富含饱和脂肪。“轻质”黄油可以将真正的黄油与菜籽油混合，以减少脂肪和卡路里。搅打黄油含有更少的脂肪和更少的卡路里，因为它含有更多的空气。)”介绍了“轻质黄油”和“搅打黄油”的特点，即脂肪和热量更低，下文“Buttery sprays are low in calories and fat, give grilled food, vegetables, and popcorn quick flavor, and can be used to grease pans. (黄油喷雾的热量和脂肪都很低，可以给烤肉、蔬菜和爆米花快速调味，还可以用来给平底锅上油。)”介绍了“黄油喷雾”的相关信息。E 项“Neither works well for baking, but they can satisfy a bread-and-butter craving. (这两种都不适合烘焙，但可以满足人们对黄油面包的渴望。)”中“Neither”指代上文的“轻质黄油”和“搅打黄油”，既对上文两种黄油替代品的使用场景进行了补充说明，又自然地过渡到下文对另一种替代品“黄油喷雾”的介绍，符合语境。故选E。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026届最新高考模拟三轮冲刺（上海专用） 六选四15篇 Passage 1 Flower power Paco Calvo’s remarkable book Planta Sapiens is the result of “two decades of passionate exploration into a rich and alternate world that exists alongside our own” — the world of plants. 1 Calvo is a professor of the philosophy of science in the Minimal Intelligence Laboratory at the University of Murcia, Spain. Although he presents detailed scientific evidence to support his case, he also draws on philosophical arguments about the nature of consciousness. We humans have a tendency to believe that the world revolves around us, but Calvo writes that intelligence is “not quite as special as we like to think”. 2    Calvo describes many experiments that reveal plants’ remarkable range, including the way they communicate with others nearby using “chemical talk”, a language encoded in about 1,700 volatile (易挥发的) organic compounds. 3 In lectures, he places a Venus flytrap under a bell jar with a cotton pad soaked in anesthetic. After an hour the plant no longer responds to touch by closing its traps. Tests show that plant’s electrical activity has stopped. It is effectively asleep. If plants can be put to sleep, does that imply they also have a waking state? Calvo thinks it does, and argues that it’s quite possible they have an individual experience of the world: They may be aware. Other studies show that some plants retain a memory of where the sun will rise, in order to turn their leaves towards the first rays. 4 The conclusion must be that they constantly collect information, processing and retaining it in order to “make predictions, learn, and even plan ahead.” These are revolutionary ideas and as Calvo admits, contested by many scientists who study the physiology of plants. But he guides us through the latest research and builds a compelling case that, unlikely as it may seem, deserves to be taken seriously. Although plants lack our grey matter, he believes they have a unique “green matter”. In the absence of nerves, plants use networked cells to regulate themselves. A．He also shows how, like animals, they can be anesthetized (麻醉). B．Fundamentally, this book is about changing our perception of plants. C．They store this knowledge for several days, even when kept in total darkness. D．He argues that it’s time to accept that other organisms, even drastically different ones, may be capable of it. E．These movements of plants are in fact “behavior”, and observing behavior is the route to understanding intelligence. F．The subject of his exploration is startlingly fundamental: the question of whether plants can be regarded as possessing intelligence. Passage 2 Cybercab: A New Era of Robotaxi Transportation The introduction of Tesla’s Cybercab has marked a groundbreaking step in the future of urban transportation. Designed as a dedicated robotaxi, this autonomous vehicle abandons conventional controls such as steering wheels and pedals, relying entirely on AI-powered Full Self-Driving (FSD) system. 1 With a streamlined two-seat layout and advanced sensors, it aims to reshape how people travel in cities. Cybercab represents a giant leap in both technology and concept. Its core is an advanced neural network that processes visual data in real time, enabling precise navigation and response to complex road situations. According to official data, its safety level is roughly ten times higher than that of human driving. 2 It can cut down traffic accidents, ease congestion and lower travel costs significantly. 3 Many worry about legal responsibility, system security and ethical dilemmas (道德困境) in extreme situations. Public acceptance remains another barrier, as some passengers still feel uncomfortable riding in fully driverless vehicles. Technical reliability and emergency handling must be further tested and improved. To prepare for an era of autonomous mobility, governments, companies and the public need to work together. Clear laws and regulations should be made to define operation standards and responsibility. 4 With continuous breakthroughs and cautious (谨慎的) promotion, Cybercab and similar innovations are expected to make transportation smarter, greener and more efficient for everyone. A．Traditional taxis will gradually disappear in the near future. B．Some users complain about the limited space inside Cybercab. C．This breakthrough can greatly benefit traffic safety and efficiency. D．Meanwhile, public trust and understanding need to be gradually built. E．It is no longer just a means of transport but an intelligent mobile space. F．However, this pioneering invention also brings unavoidable challenges. Passage 3 The Brain Before and After Birth In a new study, researchers analyzed 184 brain scans collected from 140 fetuses (胎儿) and infants before and shortly after birth. These scans provided a clear view of how the brain changes across this transitional period. 1 To overcome this challenge, the research team used an innovative approach: a soft detection device placed gently on the mother’s belly, combined with AI algorithms to remove motion interference. 2 The scans revealed a significant increase in neuronal activity around birth within specific brain networks. These include the sensorimotor network, responsible for processing external stimuli such as light and sound and coordinating movement, and the deep relay network, which acts as an information hub between different brain regions. 3 After birth, infants are suddenly exposed to a flood of sensory information — from hospital equipment sounds to new smells and lights. The brain must quickly prepare to handle a much “noisier” world. As the lead researcher noted, “Until now, little was known about how brain activity actually changes at the moment of birth.” The new findings now begin to fill this gap. A deeper finding showed that while functional connections between neurons increased sharply around birth, the efficiency of communication improved more gradually. 4 It does this by adjusting its structure and removing unnecessary links through a process known as synaptic pruning. These findings now enable researchers to systematically explore how environmental factors shape early brain development and plan to compare brain network growth in preterm and full-term babies to see if early development differs. A．This allowed them to clean data and reconstruct neural activity in the fetal brain. B．In fact, this efficiency reaches its peak during the fetal stage. C．This suggests after forming many connections, the brain needs time to refine its network. D．However, scientists have long struggled to capture clear signals from the fetal brain. E．The activation of these areas has a clear adaptive value. F．Some researchers argue that genetic programming alone drives these early changes. Passage 4 MIYAZAKI HAYAO This Japanese treasure is considered by some to be the world's greatest animator When people discuss famous directors or filmmakers, names like Steven Spielberg, James Cameron and Peter Jackson often come to mind. Miyazaki Hayao is one name that's sometimes overlooked even though he's frequently compared to some of these men. 1 Praise for the award-winning producer, director, animator and filmmaker seems never-ending. His six-decade career has been described as one that is “marked by genius and wonder ...” Miyazaki's spectacular stories transport audiences to magical worlds with memorable characters. As beautiful as the talented animator's stories are, there's often a dark side to them as well as they often feature war, environmental destruction and more. No doubt images from 1940s war-torn Japan left a lasting impression on young Miyazaki, who was born in Tokyo in 1941. During his first few years, his family moved several times, seeking safety. The fears and feelings of instability and danger associated with his childhood made their way into most of Miyazaki's stories. 2 An often-used character in Miyazaki's stories is that of the strong and capable heroine. After graduating from college in 1963, Miyazaki began working as an animator at Toei Animation. 3 Throughout the 1970s, Miyazaki worked at different studios on various projects while continuing to develop his skills. The 1980s brought incredible success and change, which was initiated by the 1984 release of his film Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind. Its great success allowed Miyazaki and two friends to establish their own animation studio, Studio Ghibli, in 1985. 4 At 83 Miyazaki Hayao has considered retirement; and in fact, he's attempted to retire at least three times. But each attempt has been followed by another masterpiece: Spirited Away (2001), The Wind Rises (2013) and The Boy and the Heron (2023). Some have said that The Boy and the Heron, which won the 2024 Academy Award for the best animated feature film, feels like a farewell. Yet Studio Ghibli's vice president Junichi Nishioka is doubtful, saying Miyazaki will likely have a pencil in his hand until the very end. A．Since then, Studio Ghibli has turned out one film after another, most of which have received critical praise. B．Miyazaki just focused on his works instead of others' evaluation, attitude and feelings. C．These dark themes, however, are balanced out by stories of love, loyalty and the importance of family. D．People around the world love Miyazaki for his magnificent hand-drawn animation. E．As a result, Miyazaki's stories ran across lots of negative responses besides positive ones. F．It wasn't long before others noticed his tremendous drawing skills as well as his extraordinary animation style. Passage 5 Where the Wild Things Are in the Suburbs I grew up spending summers at my grandparents’ farm, on the eastern shore of Maryland. I used to pick wild blackberries, catch a dinner of blue crabs, and run between the rows of the tall corn plants. I knew what wild garlic looked like; when the figs (无花果) on the fig trees were ready to eat, I ate them. 1 “They’re so sweet, Mom,” they tell me. But instead of teaching my kids about that landscape, I decided to instill in them a love of the land where they live. Suburbia is not as obviously lovable as tidewater country, but I was determined to practice PBL — place-based learning. That’s a thing in education. I looked it up. So we went to the abandoned parking lot near the dead mall and looked for dandelion (蒲公英) greens, which make a delicious bitter spring salad. We dug with sticks on the road being paved for Wegmans grocery store. My ten-year-old found some colourful rocks. They inspired him to start a rock collection. “This is cool, Mom,” he said. 2 They inherited both from early man. So I’ve been teaching them to search, the way my mother taught me and her mother taught her, all the way back to my ancestral people, the old-country mushroom hunters of Alsace. In the fall, I took my kids to stands of chestnut (栗子) trees and showed them how to get out the edible nuts. We came home with full bags, and I made sweet chestnut puree (糊), which we ate with a big spoon, like a homemade chocolate jam. 3 The beauty of it. That it, rather than supermarkets, sustains them. That they should have appreciation for all the parts of the living soil. 4    We simply walk, observe, feel the dirt under our feet, and occasionally bring home something we harvested with our own hands. The kids smiled with pride of place. A．I felt that I had taught them some big lesson about the earth. B．I grew up spending summers at my grandparents’ farm. C．I read in my wild-edible field guide that they taste like mango. D．I’ve taught my kids to do the same. E．It has been revolutionary to be outside, in the suburbs. F．It wasn’t a stretch to capitalize on my children’s instincts to explore their world and to eat from it. Passage 6 Super-white Paint Reflect 95.5% of Sunlight to Cool Buildings Researchers from Purdue University have developed a new white paint that can reflect over 95 percent of sunlight, which can cool the surface even lower than the ambient temperature — the temperature of the surrounding area. Painted on a building, the new paint could help cut cooling costs and energy use. It’s a basic fact of physics that white surfaces and objects reflect more light, and therefore remain cooler. 1 . After all, air conditioning is one of the biggest consumers of energy in the summer months, and studies suggest that painting buildings white can cool entire cities. Many different radiative cooling paints have been developed over the years, reflecting sunlight using glass, Teflon or, most commonly, titanium dioxide (钛), but they all have their drawbacks. 2 . Instead of titanium dioxide, they used calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) fillers, which are much more abundant, cheaper, and absorb less UV light, so they stay cooler. In total, the new radiative cooling paint can reflect 95.5 percent of the light that strikes it. That’s better than many of the other paints in development, which manage between 80 and 90 percent, although it falls short of the record holder-the Teflon coating, which reflects 98 percent of light. The team tested the new coating outdoors over two days, and showed that under direct sun it remained 1.7°C cooler than the ambient temperature, exhibiting a cooling power of 37 W/m². At night, the paint dropped to 10°C below the ambient temperature. In another set of tests, the researchers painted some parts of a pattern with the new paint, and others with a regular white paint of the same thickness. 3 . The team says that the new paint could not only help cool buildings, but prevent outdoor electrical systems from overheating. 4 . “Our paint is compatible with the manufacturing process of commercial paint, and the cost may be comparable or even lower.” says Ruan, an author of the study. “The key is to ensure the reliability of the paint so that it can be used in long-term outdoor applications.” A．But to ensure that it is commercially useful, the researchers next plan to investigate how well it lasts out in the elements. B．Developing the plant was a multi-year process involving a lot of testing of different colors. C．For the new study, the Purdue researchers developed a new method. D．The radiative cooling paint could help cool down houses, cars and even the planet. E．Theoretically, that could be used to help keep buildings cool. F．Using a special camera, they could see the pattern clearly, thanks to the difference in temperature between the two materials. Passage 7 From classrooms to care homes Less than three years ago Ms Jiang was tidying away toys and singing rhymes as a teacher at a nursery in Beijing. She remembers parents knocking on the door in an effort to sign their children up. That gradually became rarer, until last year Ms Jiang found herself distributing promotional leaflets for the nursery in her lunchbreaks. 1 Last May Ms Jiang moved into a sector with better growth prospects: care homes and her abilities to teach handicrafts and play games come in useful. Between 2017 and 2022 China’s total fertility (生育) rate crashed from 1.8 to 1. Between 2021 and 2024 pupil numbers in pre-schools fell from 48m to 36m. Some 42,000 of 295,000 pre-schools have closed, and 360,000 of 3.2m pre-school teachers have quit. 2 Whereas China’s nursery-going group will fall by 14m in the next five years, the number of people aged 65 and over will rise from 211m to 256m. China badly needs more staff to care for them. In 2021 it had just half a million certified care workers. That made for just 0.27 care workers per 100 people aged 65 and above, a shockingly low number. Universities have launched degrees in elderly care. The first batch of students graduated last year, to hot demand. All this motivated one Ms Wu in 2023 to open her own care home in Jiangxi after years in nurseries. She has nine residents paying 2,600 yuan a month to be there. The outlook is bright, she says: right now those in care homes have multiple children on average. Those born in the 1970s and 1980s mostly have only one child, which means fewer people to look after them when they eventually get old. 3 She has also had a few from nursery teachers looking to make the switch she did. The government likes “mixed-use” facilities where both young and old are looked after. 4 It had facilities for table-tennis and space for calligraphy, and when the nursery teachers were free, they taught the elderly. The old certainly enjoy seeing the young; some grandparents even drop off tiny relatives at the nursery before heading to their own floor. A．A newspaper has called for local governments to provide funds for such projects. B．A silver lining exists for those sharp-witted enough to adapt. C．Caring for the elderly is easier than caring for young children. D．Last year in Chongqing, for example, an empty floor of a nursery was turned into an “elderly-care station”. E．Ms Wu gets enquiries almost every day from prospective customers. F．She realised the writing was on the wall. Passage 8 SHANGHAI, Dec 1 (Reuters) -Disney’s “Zootopia 2” became the highest-grossing animated foreign film ever in China, despite generally muted interest in overseas movies in the country. 1 “It is Disney’s most important movie in China this year, for sure,” said Ashley Dudarenok, founder of China digital consultancy Chozan, with its themes of personal resilience and societal harmony resonating with local audiences. “Zootopia 2” sales accounted for around 95% of all movie ticket sales over its opening weekend. 2 The original “Zootopia’” also became China’s most popular foreign animated film when it was released in 2016. Hollywood films were caught up earlier this year in the U.S.-China trade war. Beijing curbed the number of U.S. films that were allowed to be shown in China in response to higher tariffs on Chinese goods. 3 Hollywood studios once looked to China, the world’s second-largest film market, to help boost their box office performances. 4 Earlier this year, local animation “Ne Zha 2”eclipsed(使失色). Pixar’s “Inside Out 2” to become the world’s highest-grossing animated film of all time after raking in nearly $2 billion at the Chinese box office. Even so, Disney seemed confident that “Zootopia 2” would find a significant audience in China, with Chief Executive Bob Iger traveling to Shanghai for a local premiere(首映) a fortnight ago. In addition, Disney partnered with China Eastern Airlines on a “Zootopia 2” themed plane. And the Shanghai Disneyland resort is home to the world’s only “Zootopia” themed land, which opened in 2023 to capitalize on local affection for the original film. A．But domestic movies increasingly have outperformed Hollywood fare in China. B．Analysts said this move would have only a limited impact, given the declining influence of foreign films in China. C．As of Monday morning Beijing time, the local box office total for “Zootopia 2” had reached 1.95 billion yuan in its first six days of release. D．Its runaway success in China is particularly notable given the changing environment for foreign films in China since the first “Zootopia” film was released. E．The film’s universal appeal has set a new benchmark for Disney’s global animation strategy. F．Local media coverage has been positive since its Shanghai premiere, speaking highly of the film’s visual effects. Passage 9 In uncertain times, certainty is over-rated and over-rewarded Type the words “kind of”, “probably” or “perhaps” into an email in Microsoft Outlook and the program might well tell you to think again. If the artificial intelligence-powered “Microsoft Editor” decides you’re not sounding decisive enough, it will warn you: “ 1 ” To me, this suggestion encapsulates something we’ve got wrong in society: we live in a world that rewards those who speak with a strong opinion — even when that is misplaced — and gives very little airtime to those who acknowledge doubt. “ 2 Why? Because that’s psychologically satisfying,” says Dan Gardner, author of Future Babble. “That’s saying ‘let me sweep away the uncertainty for you’.” Research shows that the human brain is hard-wired to hate uncertainty: a 2016 study published in Nature Communications found that when volunteers were given electric shocks, their stress levels were highest when they had no idea whether they were going to be given a shock or not — higher even than subjects who were told they definitely would get one. While confident-sounding pundits might be giving us what our brains desire, the relief they are providing is probably not real. 3 In fact, Psychology professor Philip Tetlock found that there was an inverse (相反的) correlation between the fame of forecasters and their ability to predict the outcomes of events. Prof Tetlock divided up forecasters into “foxes” and “hedgehogs”. Foxes consider all sorts of different approaches and perspectives, and synthesize those into various “small” conclusions. Hedgehogs tend to view the world through the lens of one single defining idea. That makes the hedgehogs worse forecasters but more likely to get attention. 4 Mr Gardner suggests one way to do this would be to tag speakers with some kind of record of previous predictions, much as we are given performance statistics for racehorses or baseball players. A．Yet overconfident “thought leaders” and other public figures are usually the ones who get the most newspaper headlines and biggest social media followings. B．Highly confident statements also promote polarization, encouraging others to respond in the same kind of language when they disagree. C．We are drawn to, and more inclined to listen to, those pundits (权威/专家) who tell us a simple, clear, confident story. D．But wouldn’t it be better if we held “experts” and leaders to account? E．And it makes sense that when we’re all feeling anxious, we would want to feel that some adults somewhere know what they’re doing. F．Words expressing uncertainty lessen your impact. Passage 10 Errors of a wise man William Blake once said, “Make the errors of a wise man, not the perfection of a fool.” 1 It specifically targets a feature written by someone for whom English is a second, possibly even third, language. As a publisher, should we have caught those mistakes? Of course. But we didn’t. We missed them, and that’s on us. Now, if we had relied on ChatGPT or some other AI tool — those errors would have been eliminated. 2 And that’s where the difference lies. AI writes with mechanical fluency, an odd smoothness that, at first glance, might seem impressive. But there’s no soul in it. No human aspect, which is often where the charm and character of a story reside. When you read Adventure, you’re not consuming an unimaginative, algorithmic mixture of facts and details, woven together from a thousand other sources. What you get is something raw, something real — real people doing real things, telling real stories — experiences lived and shared. That’s a distinction that matters. In an era where fake news, Al-generated images, and even virtual sports clouds the lines between truth and fabrication (虚构的信息), we choose authenticity over perfection. We own our mistakes. 3 Sure, you could buy a flawless, genetically modified apple, polished and sprayed to maintain perfection. It might look good but how would it taste? Would it nourish you the same way? Would it carry the same depth of flavour that comes from sun, soil and time? Adventure isn’t about a flawless, airbrushed version of the world. It’s about telling stories that aren’t smoothed to perfection but that pulse with life, with humanity. So yes, we made a mistake, and we’ll probably make more, but we’ll own them. Because we’re not in the business of chasing perfection. We’re in the business of telling real stories, about real adventures, experienced by real people. And if that means the occasional typo slips (打印错误) through? 4 A．AI doesn’t make grammatical mistakes, but it does make factual ones. B．Last week, we received an email pointing out a few grammatical errors in our latest issue. C．The grains of sand under your nails after a long climb carry more wisdom than AI. D．They’re the marks on an organic apple — imperfect, maybe, but honest. E．We’ll take that over soulless perfection every single time. F．Were those mistakes ours to catch? Passage 11 “Be present.”This is the slogan of mindfulness meditation and a supposed key to self-awareness and acceptance. 1 That is, as we develop skills in complex tasks, we can perform them with increasing facility until attention seems to be unnecessary. Everyday examples range from riding a bike to chopping cucumbers to brushing your teeth. Forming this state of “automaticity” are mental processes that can be executed without paying attention to them. 2 We don’t perform all tasks automatically, but many can be performed this way once they are well practised. To be clear, paying attention is important when learning a new skill. But research has also revealed that paying too much attention to what you’re doing can have damaging effects, particularly when you perform well-practised skills. In fact, this is one reason why some experts appear to “choke under pressure”:   3 In a classic study, cognitive scientist Sian Beilock and her colleagues had skilled golfers attempt to sink putts(推球入洞) under different experimental conditions. In one scheme, the golfers were simply instructed to pay attention to the swing of their club (球杆) and say “stop” when they finished their swing. In another condition, they were directed to listen for a target sound while ignoring other noises and say the word “tone” when they heard the target sound.Surprisingly, the skilled golfers performed considerably worse when they focused on their swing than when they paid attention to irrelevant sounds. 4 . But there are situations where we should let automaticity take over. The next time you ride a bike or join in a sport, don’t overthink it. A．In any type of mindfulness exercise, the goal is to perform routine activities with a heightened sense of attention. B．Although mindfulness has its advantages, psychological research has also revealed that in some circumstances it’s important to be mindless. C．They think too much about the mechanics of the task at hand. D．Automaticity can be disrupted by explicit attention when the devotion of conscious attention to the pattern alters the content or timing of that pattern itself. E．Of course, we should not resign to go through life on autopilot, missing opportunities to make deeper connections with ourselves, one another and our environment. F．These processes proceed without conscious awareness. Passage 12 The Renaissance of Repair In our modern “throwaway culture,” when a toaster breaks or a smartphone screen cracks, the typical reaction is often to dispose of it and buy a new one. It seems easier, faster, and sometimes even cheaper than trying to fix it, and advertisements quietly encourage us to see replacement as a sign of progress rather than waste. 1 Electronic waste has become the fastest-growing waste stream in the world, and our growing disconnection from the objects we use has left many of us strangely helpless and dependent when they fail. Fortunately, a counter-movement is rising: the “Right to Repair.” This global trend urges a return to a mindset where fixing things is not just a necessity, but a virtue and even a form of quiet resistance to disposable culture. Proponents argue that repair is about more than just saving money or reducing landfill. 2 When you understand how a machine works well enough to fix it, you move from being a user to being a master of your tools. Matthew Crawford, author of Shop Class as Soulcraft, suggests that this hands-on engagement provides a deep, almost meditative satisfaction that our screen-based lives often lack, precisely because it roots us in the physical world rather than the virtual one. Yet the path to repair is paved with obstacles. Over the last few decades, products have become increasingly sealed off, both physically and digitally. 3 We encounter “tamper-proof” screws, glued-in batteries, and software locks that prevent independent repair shops from working on devices, even when the problem is minor. This strategy, known as “planned obsolescence,” ensures a steady stream of sales but creates a cycle of endless consumption, in which even well-intentioned consumers feel they have little choice but to keep buying. 4 Governments in Europe and parts of the United States are beginning to pass laws that protect the consumer’s right to repair, arguing that true sustainability requires extending a product’s life rather than merely recycling it at the end. This legislative shift forces companies to provide manuals and spare parts. As these barriers fall, we may see a revival of the local repair shop and a shift in how we value our possessions — not for their novelty, but for their longevity, the care invested in them, and the stories they carry across years of use. A．A tangible wave of change, however, is around the corner. B．Manufacturers often make devices hard to open or source parts for. C．It fosters a sense of independence and connection to the material world. D．It transforms us from passive consumers into active problem-solvers. E．Recycling is the only solution to our mounting electronic waste issue. F．However, this comes at a hidden environmental and psychological cost. Passage 13 “Be present.” This is the slogan of mindfulness meditation and a supposed key to self-awareness and acceptance. Mindfulness may have psychological benefits. Earlier this year, a synthesis of randomized controlled trials revealed that mindfulness-based interventions had small to moderate benefits for a number of health outcomes, including stress, anxiety and depression. 1 . That is, as we develop skills in complex tasks, we can perform them with increasing facility until attention seems to be unnecessary. Everyday examples range from riding a bike to chopping cucumbers-to brushing your teeth. Forming this state of “automaticity” are mental processes that can be executed without paying attention to them. 2 . We don’t perform all tasks automatically, but many can be performed this way once they are well practised. To be clear, paying attention is important when learning a new skill. But research has also revealed that paying too much attention to what you’re doing can have damaging effects, particularly when you perform well-practised skills. In fact, this is one reason why some experts appear to “choke under pressure”: 3 . In a classic study, cognitive scientist Sian Beilock and her colleagues had skilled golfers attempt to sink putts (推球入洞) under different experimental conditions. In one scheme, the golfers were simply instructed to pay attention to the swing of their club and say “stop” when they finished their swing. In another condition, they were directed to listen for a target sound while ignoring other noises and say the word “tone” when they heard the target sound. Surprisingly, the skilled golfers performed considerably worse when they focused on their swing than when they paid attention to irrelevant sounds. Nevertheless, the important message from this research is that focusing too carefully on the execution of well-practiced motor sequences can cause mistakes. 4 . But there are situations where we should let automaticity take over. The next time you ride a bike or join in a sport, don’t overthink it. A．In any type of mindfulness exercise, the goal is to perform routine activities with a heightened sense of attention. B．Although mindfulness has its advantages, psychological research has also revealed that in some circumstances it’s important to be mindless. C．They think too much about the mechanics of the task at hand. D．Automaticity can be disrupted by explicit attention when the devotion of conscious attention to the pattern alters the content or timing of that pattern itself. E．Of course, we should not resign to go through life on autopilot, missing opportunities to make deeper connections with ourselves, one another and our environment. F．These processes run off without conscious awareness — a chain reaction of mental events. Passage 14 In a world where everyone seems busy chasing goals and managing endless tasks, genuine human warmth often feels rare. Yet, psychologist Dr Lalita Suglani reminds us that a few kind words can make a surprisingly deep difference. Giving compliments, she explains, is more than good manners — it is a simple act with real psychological and social benefits. Most people understand how pleasant it feels to receive praise, but fewer realise that offering it can be equally uplifting. Studies have shown that giving compliments activates the brain's reward centres, releasing dopamine — the same chemical that boosts happiness after exercise or laughter. 1 “When we compliment others,” says Dr Lalita,“we also build our own sense of value and confidence. We start to see ourselves as someone who adds light to others' lives.” There is also a social dimension. 2 They encourage people to look beyond their own concerns and notice positive qualities in others. Such moments of appreciation can ease tension, open conversation, and even repair relationships. In this sense, complimenting others is not simply about kindness; it is a practical way to improve communication and, in turn, emotional health in any community. 3 The act of giving praise releases oxytocin, often called the"love hormone." This chemical supports feelings of safety and connection, much like a hug or friendly smile. Each time we express admiration, our brain rewards us for engaging in positive social behaviour, encouraging us to repeat it. Still, many people find compliments awkward. 4 According to Dr Lalita, such hesitation comes from vulnerability — the fear of being judged or rejected. Yet, she adds,“If we push through that discomfort, we discover how powerful our words can be.” Learning to give sincere compliments is, in fact, a skill. It begins with paying attention, noticing effort, and speaking with honesty. When practiced often, it can lift moods, deepen trust, and make everyday life a little brighter for everyone involved. A．Nevertheless, this comes at a cost. B．Compliments help to strengthen bonds, creating trust and belonging. C．While some hesitate to give compliments, others express it openly and with complete ease. D．Science provides a clear explanation. E．Some feel shy about expressing warmth; others fear being misunderstood or sounding insincere. F．This reaction makes both the giver and receiver feel more relaxed, satisfied, and connected. Passage 15 Butter is Back After decades as a dietary pariah (被遗弃者) , it’s a star ingredient in everything from brown butter pasta to butter cake, and you may have noticed the growing variety at the supermarket. Americans eat an average of 6. 5 pounds per year, up 18 percent over the past decade, according to the International Dairy Foods Association. Why the butter renaissance? For one thing, America’s obsession with fat-free foods has been eclipsed by a growing appetite for minimally processed ingredients. 1 When you want steak browned to perfection, you baste (浇油脂) it in butter. Hollandaise sauce and flaky croissants could not exist without it. And few food combinations are tastier than a salted dollop on crusty bread. Of course, butter is creamy because it’s full of fat, most of which is the saturated kind that’s been linked to a higher risk of heart disease. A study found that people who ate the most butter had a 15 percent higher risk of early death from any cause, while those who consumed the most plant-based oil — such as olive, canola, and soybean oils — had a 16 percent lower risk. 2 “Butter is not a health food we should be seeking out, but not a poison we should be avoiding, either,” says cardiologist Dariush Mozaffarian. It’s all about balance: When your diet doesn’t include much food high in saturated fat, such as red meat and whole-milk dairy products, “eating butter in moderation is fine,” he says. 3 But they’re not necessarily better for you than regular butter and usually can’t match its flavor or effect when cooking or baking. Margarine is typically made from a blend of vegetable oils like soybean or sunflower, but some may contain palm oil, which is high in saturated fat. “Light” butter may blend real butter with canola oil for reduced fat and calories. Whipped butter also has less fat and fewer calories because it has more air. 4 Buttery sprays are low in calories and fat, give grilled food, vegetables, and popcorn quick flavor, and can be used to grease pans. However, these spritzes tend to contain high amounts of artificial ingredients. A．That doesn’t mean you can’t enjoy butter, though. B．For the sake of health, we should try to resist its temptation. C．Both can serve as perfect substitutes for butter. D．For another, nothing flavors all kinds of food like butter can. E．Neither works well for baking, but they can satisfy a bread-and-butter craving. F．If you want to cut back on butter or prefer plant-based foods, there are some alternatives. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $