精品解析：Unit 6 Living with nature 语法讲解+每日一练 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级下册

2026年外研新版八下语法专题+考点分析 Unit6 Living with nature 宾语从句(2) 一、疑问词类连接词(what/when/where/how/why) 这类连接词引导的是特殊疑问句作宾语的从句，它们本身有具体含义，且在从句中要充当主语、宾语、状语等成分。 连接词 含义 在从句中充当的成分 例句 what 什么 主语/宾语/表语 I don’t know what he needs.(作needs的宾语) when 何时 时间状语 She asked when the party would start. where 何地 地点状语 Do you know where he lives? how 如何/怎样 方式状语 Can you tell me how to get there?(或how I can get there) why 为什么 原因状语 He explained why he was late. 核心用法: •这类连接词不可省略，因为它们在从句中承担语法功能。 •选择连接词的关键，是看从句中缺少什么成分，以及句子需要表达的逻辑(时间/地点/方式/原因等)。 二、宾语从句的时态规则 宾语从句的时态通常要和主句的时态保持呼应，核心规则如下： 1.主句为一般现在时 / 一般将来时 从句可以根据实际意思使用任何时态(一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时等)。 例句：He says he has finished his homework.(主现 → 从现完) 2.主句为一般过去时 从句必须使用对应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。 例句：He said he would finish his homework.(主过 → 从过去将来) 3.特殊情况：客观真理/客观事实 即使主句是过去时，从句仍用一般现在时。 例句：The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun. 三、宾语从句的语序规则 使用“主语 + 谓语”的陈述语序，不能使用疑问句的倒装语序。 一般疑问句变宾语从句：去掉疑问语序，还原成主语在前、谓语在后的结构。 例句：Does he like English? → I don’t know if/whether he likes English.(√) ❌ 错误：I don’t know if/whether does he like English. 殊疑问句变宾语从句：特殊疑问词保留，但后面的句子要改成陈述语序。 例句：Where does he live? → Do you know where he lives?(√) ❌ 错误：Do you know where does he live? 特殊疑问词本身就是主语：这种情况语序不用变，因为它已经是“主语+谓语”的结构了。 例句：Who is waiting outside? → He asked who was waiting outside. 语法一日一练 (26年外研新版八年级下册英语) Unit 1 被动语态(1)：一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态 Unit 3 情态动词(1)：should/must/can/need/have to与had better Unit 4 情态动词(2)：表示“可能性与推测”的常用情态动词 Unit 5 宾语从句(1)：从属连词that、whether/if Unit 6 宾语从句(2)：疑问词引导的宾语从句 Unit6宾语从句(2) Day1 第一部分 单项选择 1. They couldn’t believe ________ they heard on the news. A. where B. how C. what D. when 2. He asks ________ we can help protect the environment. A. why B. what C. where D. how 3. I do not understand ________ they like computer games so much. A. when B. why C. where D. what 4. They have not decided ________ they should go for the holiday. A. how B. what C. when D. where 5. — Do you know ________ the school music festival will start? —Next Friday morning. A. where B. what C. when D. why 6. I didn’t know ________ popular the paintings would become. A. where B. how C. what D. when 7. They help people understand ________ nature works this way. A. where B. what C. why D. when 8. Can you tell me ________ the library is? A. what B. where C. when D. how 9. I don’t understand ________ he left without saying goodbye. A. what B. where C. when D. why 10. I wonder ________ he can finish the work. He has to catch the train. A. what B. when C. where D. how 第二部分 翻译句子 11. 他们简直不敢相信从新闻中听到的消息。 ____________________________________ 12. 他问我们怎样才能为保护环境出力。 ____________________________________ 13. 我不知道这些画会变得多么受欢迎。 ____________________________________ 14. 它们帮助人们理解大自然为何如此运作。 ____________________________________ 15. 你知道我们什么时候开运动会吗? ____________________________________ Unit6宾语从句(2) Day2 第一部分 单项选择 16. He didn’t tell us ________ he would solve the difficult problem by himself in such a short time. A. what B. how C. where D. when 17. I wonder ________ he hasn’t replied to our WeChat messages since he left for Beijing. A. how B. what C. why D. where 18. Could you tell me ________ the famous writer will arrive at our school hall this Friday? A. when B. how C. what D. where 19. No one knows ________ the school sports meeting will be put off till next month or not. A. if B. when C. whether D. why 20. She asked me ________ I had read that English novel written by Mo Yan before. A. if B. that C. what D. where 21. We are discussing ________ we can get enough volunteers for the school charity activity. A. that B. how C. what D. when 22. I really don’t know ________ made her so upset and cry alone in the classroom yesterday. A. when B. how C. why D. what 23. The physics teacher told us ________ the moon goes around the earth all the time. A. if B. that C. how D. why 24. Do you know ________ he chose to study in Canada instead of Australia last year? A. how B. when C. what D. why 25. He asked the tour guide ________ they could climb to the top of the mountain in such heavy rain. A. if B. that C. what D. where 第二部分 翻译句子 26. 我很好奇中国人是如何庆祝雨水节气的。 ____________________________________ 27. 你知道人们在立冬时会吃饺子吗? ____________________________________ 28. 你决定好在大雪节气时要做什么了吗？ ____________________________________ 29. 我不确定我们明天小暑时要去哪里。 ____________________________________ 30. 他已经告诉我，我们将在处暑时见面。 ____________________________________ Unit6宾语从句(2) Day3 第一部分 单项选择 31. Could you tell me ________? A. where is the nearest subway station B. how can I get to the city museum C. when the next bus will arrive D. what time does the movie start 32. I wonder ________ at the school gate yesterday morning. A. who was he waiting for B. who he was waiting for C. who did he wait for D. who he waited for 33. No one knows ________ so many students want to take part in the volunteer program. A. why is it that B. why it is that C. that why is it D. that it is why 34. The teacher asked us ________ we had finished reading the novel The Old Man and the Sea. A. that B. what C. if D. where 35. He didn’t tell me ________ he would go to Shanghai or not. A. if B. whether C. when D. how 36. Do you know ________? A. what is he doing now B. what he is doing now C. what does he do now D. what he does now 37. I really don’t understand ________ made him so angry just now. A. what was it that B. what it was that C. it was what that D. that what it was 38. Could you tell me ________? A. where the nearest hospital is B. when will the meeting start C. how did he fix the bike D. what is she good at 39. Could you please tell me ________ the 2026 Winter Olympics will be held? A. when and where B. when and where will C. when and where was D. when and where were 40. The manager asked ________ the project would be completed. A. how long B. how soon C. how far D. how often 第二部分 翻译句子 41. 我想知道古人是如何根据24节气来安排农业生产的。 ____________________________________ 42. 老师问我们是否能解释清楚“小满”这个节气的含义。 ____________________________________ 43. 你能告诉我为什么“清明”既是节气又是节日吗？ ____________________________________ 44. 他不确定今年的“冬至”具体是在哪一天。 ____________________________________ 45. 没有人知道我们的祖先最初是如何确定24节气的具体时间的。 ____________________________________ Unit5宾语从句(1) Day4 第一部分 单项选择 46. Do you know ________ the meeting will start? I’m afraid I will be late. A. when B. when does C. when will D. when did 47. The teacher asked us ________ we had finished our homework before class. A. that B. if C. what D. where 48. He told me that he ________ to Beijing the next day for a business trip. A. will go B. goes C. went D. would go 49. Could you tell me how long ________ the book? I want to borrow one too. A. you have kept B. have you kept C. you have borrowed D. have you borrowed 50. I wonder if she ________ to the party tomorrow. If she ________, I’ll call you at once. A. comes; comes B. will come; comes C. comes; will come D. will come; will come 51. My father asked me ________ I ________ with my friends at that time yesterday. A. what; am doing B. what; was doing C. where; am doing D. where; was doing 52. She said that she ________ the Great Wall twice and she wanted to go there again. A. has visited B. visited C. had visited D. will visit 53. Do you know when ________? I miss him very much. A. will he come back B. he will come back C. did he come back D. he came back 54. The doctor asked the patient how long he ________ like that before he came to the hospital. A. has been B. was C. had been D. is 55. We don’t know if they ________ a sports meeting next month. If they ________, we’ll take part in it. A. will hold; will hold B. hold; hold C. will hold; hold D. hold; will hold 第二部分 用单词的适当形式填空 56. He said he ________ (finish) his English project already. 57. Could you tell me when your father usually ________ (go) to work every morning? 58. I wonder if it ________ (rain) tomorrow. We plan to go hiking. 59. The teacher told us that the earth ________ (go) around the sun all the time. 60. She asked me what I ________ (do) at 8 o’clock last night. Unit5宾语从句(1) Day5 第一部分 单项选择 61. Do you know why she ________ to school late this morning? A. came B. comes C. will come D. is coming 62. He asked me if I ________ the movie The Wandering Earth 2 before. A. see B. saw C. have seen D. had seen 63. I don’t know when he ________ back. Please tell me when he ________ back. A. comes; comes B. will come; comes C. comes; will come D. will come; will come 64. He told his classmates that he ________ to Shanghai twice. A. has gone B. had gone C. has been D. had been 65. My uncle told me he ________ for Beijing the next morning. A. leaves B. left C. would leave D. has left 66. She said that she ________ to the supermarket after school that day. A. will go B. goes C. went D. would go 67. Do you know if there ________ a football match in our school next Friday? A. is B. was C. will be D. will have 68. My brother asked me where I ________ my new mobile phone. I told him I bought it online. A. buy B. bought C. have bought D. will buy 69. The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A. travel B. travels C. traveled D. is traveling 70. We wondered why they ________ the meeting without us yesterday. A. hold B. held C. have held D. will hold 第二部分 用单词的适当形式填空 71. I want to know when he ________ (arrive) here. I’ll pick him up at the station. 72. He told me that he ________ (not hear) from his pen pal for a long time. 73. The poster said that our school art festival ________ (hold) the next month. 74. The scientist said that water ________ (boil) at 100℃ under normal pressure. 75. She asked me if I ________ (can) help her with her math homework this evening. Unit5宾语从句(1) Day6 第一部分 单项选择 76. She informed us she ________ the complicated experiment thoroughly before the professor arrived. A. finished B. has finished C. had finished D. will finish 77. The committee announced that the high-standard seminar ________ due to the unexpected equipment failure. A. canceled B. was canceled C. has canceled D. had been canceled 78. The official notice said the municipal government ________ the urban renovation project the subsequent quarter. A. launches B. launched C. will launch D. would launch 79. My supervisor mentioned he ________ cutting-edge AI technologies when I consulted him about the thesis last month. A. explored B. was exploring C. has explored D. had explored 80. She asked me ________ with my leg. I told her I fell down. A. what’s the matter B. what the matter is C. what was the matter D. what the matter was 81. Do you know ________ will organize the school reading competition this semester? A. whom B. who C. whose D. which 82. He said he ________ his grandparents in the countryside the coming winter holiday. A. visits B. visited C. will visit D. would visit 83. The director declared the core project ________ by the R&D team prior to the strict deadline he set last week. A. accomplished B. was accomplished C. has accomplished D. had been accomplished 84. I can’t figure out ________ he didn’t show up at the important meeting yesterday. A. why B. that C. which D. how long 85. We need to figure out ________ we can do to make the English corner more popular among students. A. that B. how C. what D. where 第二部分 用单词的适当形式填空 86. My mother checked what I ________ (do) at 8 o’clock last night. 87. Could you tell me when your sister ________ (come) back from Shanghai? I want to visit her. 88. The scientist told us that light ________ (travel) faster than sound all the time. 89. He reported he ________ (not finish) the experiment yet and he planned to do it this weekend. 90. I wonder if our school ________ (hold) a science fair next month. Unit5宾语从句(1) Day7 第一部分 单项选择 91. Can you explain ________ the little girl wrote in her diary? It’s hard for us to understand. A. what B. that C. how D. when 92. She asked me ________ improve spoken English fast. A. how could she B. how she could C. how will she D. how does she 93. She wondered ________ the new student ________ from the south of China. A. if; came B. that; comes C. where; come D. why; came 94. She inquired ________ I would join the English club or not this semester. A. if B. whether C. that D. when 95. We haven’t confirmed ________ the English test will be delayed. Maybe because of the school trip. A. how B. when C. why D. where 96. Do you know ________ buy the English workbook? A. where can we B. where will we C. where we can D. where does we 97. Could you show me ________ I can get to the school reading room in 5 minutes? I’m in a hurry. A. how B. what C. why D. where 98. The coach checked ________ we ________ enough training before the competition last month. A. that; finished B. if; had finished C. what; finished D. when; have finished 99. I don’t know ________ with my watch. It doesn’t work. A. what wrong is B. what’s wrong C. what wrong was D. what was wrong 100. We need to figure out ________ we can help the new students adapt to school life quickly. A. that B. what C. how D. where 第二部分 用单词的适当形式填空 101. The geographer told us that the earth ________ (turn) around its axis every day. 102. Could you tell me when the school sports meeting ________ (start) this year? 103. He announced he ________ (not receive) the exam notice yet and he wanted to check it. 104. I wonder if they ________ (organize) an English speech competition next week. 105. The teacher questioned what we ________ (talk) about in the classroom just now. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年外研新版八下语法专题+考点分析 Unit6 Living with nature 宾语从句(2) 一、疑问词类连接词(what/when/where/how/why) 这类连接词引导的是特殊疑问句作宾语的从句，它们本身有具体含义，且在从句中要充当主语、宾语、状语等成分。 连接词 含义 在从句中充当的成分 例句 what 什么 主语/宾语/表语 I don’t know what he needs.(作needs的宾语) when 何时 时间状语 She asked when the party would start. where 何地 地点状语 Do you know where he lives? how 如何/怎样 方式状语 Can you tell me how to get there?(或how I can get there) why 为什么 原因状语 He explained why he was late. 核心用法: •这类连接词不可省略，因为它们在从句中承担语法功能。 •选择连接词的关键，是看从句中缺少什么成分，以及句子需要表达的逻辑(时间/地点/方式/原因等)。 二、宾语从句的时态规则 宾语从句的时态通常要和主句的时态保持呼应，核心规则如下： 1.主句为一般现在时 / 一般将来时 从句可以根据实际意思使用任何时态(一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时等)。 例句：He says he has finished his homework.(主现 → 从现完) 2.主句为一般过去时 从句必须使用对应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。 例句：He said he would finish his homework.(主过 → 从过去将来) 3.特殊情况：客观真理/客观事实 即使主句是过去时，从句仍用一般现在时。 例句：The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun. 三、宾语从句的语序规则 使用“主语 + 谓语”的陈述语序，不能使用疑问句的倒装语序。 一般疑问句变宾语从句：去掉疑问语序，还原成主语在前、谓语在后的结构。 例句：Does he like English? → I don’t know if/whether he likes English.(√) ❌ 错误：I don’t know if/whether does he like English. 殊疑问句变宾语从句：特殊疑问词保留，但后面的句子要改成陈述语序。 例句：Where does he live? → Do you know where he lives?(√) ❌ 错误：Do you know where does he live? 特殊疑问词本身就是主语：这种情况语序不用变，因为它已经是“主语+谓语”的结构了。 例句：Who is waiting outside? → He asked who was waiting outside. 语法一日一练 (26年外研新版八年级下册英语) Unit 1 被动语态(1)：一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态 Unit 3 情态动词(1)：should/must/can/need/have to与had better Unit 4 情态动词(2)：表示“可能性与推测”的常用情态动词 Unit 5 宾语从句(1)：从属连词that、whether/if Unit 6 宾语从句(2)：疑问词引导的宾语从句 Unit6宾语从句(2) Day1 第一部分 单项选择 1. They couldn’t believe ________ they heard on the news. A. where B. how C. what D. when 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们不敢相信在新闻上听到的内容。 where哪里（表地点）；how如何（表方式）；what什么（表事物）；when什么时候（表时间）。根据从句“they heard on the news”缺少宾语，表达“听到的内容”，只有what可在宾语从句中充当宾语并契合句意。 2. He asks ________ we can help protect the environment. A. why B. what C. where D. how 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：他询问我们如何帮助保护环境。 ask后面是宾语从句，从句主干完整，排除连接代词what。结合句意，这里指“方式、方法”，应用how。 3. I do not understand ________ they like computer games so much. A. when B. why C. where D. what 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我不理解为什么他们这么喜欢电脑游戏。 when什么时候；why为什么；where哪里；what什么。根据句意，这里是询问他们喜欢电脑游戏的原因，应填why。 4. They have not decided ________ they should go for the holiday. A. how B. what C. when D. where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们还没有决定去哪里度假。 how如何，表方式；what什么，表事物；when何时，表时间；where哪里，表地点。根据句中“go for the holiday（去度假）” 可知，此处强调的是度假的地点，应填where。 5. — Do you know ________ the school music festival will start? —Next Friday morning. A. where B. what C. when D. why 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你知道学校音乐节什么时候开始吗？——下周五早上。 where哪里；what什么；when什么时候；why为什么；根据答语“Next Friday morning.”可知，上文询问的时间，对应特殊疑问词为when。 6. I didn’t know ________ popular the paintings would become. A. where B. how C. what D. when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我不知道这些画作会变得多么受欢迎。 where哪里；how多么；what什么；when何时。how可以修饰形容词popular，表示“多么受欢迎”；where表地点、what需接名词、when表时间，均不能修饰形容词，因此选B，符合语境。 7. They help people understand ________ nature works this way. A. where B. what C. why D. when 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：它们帮助人们理解自然为什么会这样运作。 where哪里；what什么；why为什么；when什么时候。句中understand后接宾语从句，从句部分“nature works this way”结构完整，需要引导词来表达“为什么”的含义，引导宾语从句且在从句中作原因状语，用why。 8. Can you tell me ________ the library is? A. what B. where C. when D. how 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗？ where表示“地点”，符合“问图书馆在哪里”的逻辑。what表内容，when表时间，how表方式，均与地点无关。故选B。 9. I don’t understand ________ he left without saying goodbye. A. what B. where C. when D. why 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我不理解他为什么不辞而别。 what什么；where在哪里；when什么时候；why为什么。根据句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句，根据句意“I don’t understand…he left without saying goodbye”可知，这里表示“不理解为什么不辞而别”，应填why。 10. I wonder ________ he can finish the work. He has to catch the train. A. what B. when C. where D. how 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我想知道他什么时候能完成工作。他不得不赶火车。 what什么；when什么时候；where哪里；how如何。根据后句“他不得不赶火车”的语境，这里询问的是完成工作的时间，因此用when，符合语境。 第二部分 翻译句子 11. 他们简直不敢相信从新闻中听到的消息。 ____________________________________ 【答案】They couldn’t believe what they heard on the news. 【解析】 【详解】“他们简直不敢相信从新闻中听到的消息。”译为They couldn’t believe what they heard on the news.。“他们简直不敢相信”译为They couldn’t believe，“简直”的语气通过couldn’t隐含的惊讶感体现。“从新闻中听到的消息”译为what they heard on the news。这里用宾语从句what they heard on the news作believe的宾语，what既引导从句，又在从句中作heard的宾语，指代“听到的消息”；on the news是固定搭配，表示“从新闻中、在新闻里”。 12. 他问我们怎样才能为保护环境出力。 ____________________________________ 【答案】He asked how we could help protect the environment. 【解析】 【详解】“他问我们怎样才能为保护环境出力”翻译为He asks how we can help protect the environment。宾语从句用陈述语序；已经问过用一般过去时，主句用asked，从句情态动词用could；固定搭配，help protect the environment为保护环境出力。 13. 我不知道这些画会变得多么受欢迎。 ____________________________________ 【答案】I didn’t know how popular the paintings would become. 【解析】 【详解】“我不知道这些画会变得多么受欢迎。”译为I didn’t know how popular the paintings would become.。其中“我不知道”对应I didn’t know，句子为一般过去时；“这些画会变得多么受欢迎”对应how popular the paintings would become，是how引导的宾语从句，从句需用陈述语序，且因主句为过去时，从句用过去将来时would become，“受欢迎”对应popular。 14. 它们帮助人们理解大自然为何如此运作。 ____________________________________ 【答案】They help people understand why nature works this way. 【解析】 【详解】“它们帮助人们理解大自然为何如此运作。”译为They help people understand why nature works this way.。其中“它们”对应They，作主语；“帮助人们理解”对应help people understand，help sb. do sth.是固定搭配，表示“帮助某人做某事”；“大自然为何如此运作”对应why nature works this way，是why引导的宾语从句，句子为一般现在时，nature为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数works。 15. 你知道我们什么时候开运动会吗? ____________________________________ 【答案】Do you know when we will hold the sports meeting? 【解析】 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，这是一个含有宾语从句的疑问句，从句时态为一般将来时。“你知道”译为Do you know；“我们什么时候开运动会”译为when we will hold the sports meeting，其中“开运动会”用hold the sports meeting。句首字母大写。故填Do you know when we will hold the sports meeting? Unit6宾语从句(2) Day2 第一部分 单项选择 16. He didn’t tell us ________ he would solve the difficult problem by himself in such a short time. A. what B. how C. where D. when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：他没有告诉我们他会如何在这么短的时间内独自解决这个难题。 what什么；how如何；where哪里；when何时。根据“solve the difficult problem（解决难题）”可知，句子表达的是解决问题的方式、方法，how符合语境。 17. I wonder ________ he hasn’t replied to our WeChat messages since he left for Beijing. A. how B. what C. why D. where 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我想知道为什么他去北京后一直没回我们的微信消息。 how怎样；what什么；why为什么；where哪里。整句是想弄清不回消息的原因，用why最合适。 18. Could you tell me ________ the famous writer will arrive at our school hall this Friday? A. when B. how C. what D. where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能告诉我这位著名作家这周五将如何到达我们学校礼堂吗？ when何时，用于询问时间。how如何，用于询问方式。what什么，用于询问事物。where哪里，用于询问地点。句中已经给出了地点our school hall和日期this Friday，需要询问的是作家到来的方式，因此用how。 19. No one knows ________ the school sports meeting will be put off till next month or not. A. if B. when C. whether D. why 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：没有人知道校运动会是否会推迟到下个月。 if是否；when何时；whether是否；why为什么。根据句末的“or not”可知，只有whether能与or not搭配使用，构成“whether...or not”结构，表示“是否”，符合语境。 20. She asked me ________ I had read that English novel written by Mo Yan before. A. if B. that C. what D. where 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：她问我以前是否读过莫言写的那本英文小说。 if是否；that（引导宾语从句，无实义）；what什么；where哪里。根据句意“她问我……读过那本小说”可知，从句表达的是一个不确定的疑问（“是否读过”），而非确定的陈述事实，因此应用if引导，表示“是否”。that引导宾语从句时表示陈述事实，what和where在从句中需充当成分且语义不符，故排除。 21. We are discussing ________ we can get enough volunteers for the school charity activity. A. that B. how C. what D. when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们正在讨论如何为学校的慈善活动找到足够多的志愿者。 are discussing后面接宾语从句，从句主干成分完整，考虑从属连词和关系副词。结合句意，此处指如何找到足够多的志愿者，应填how。 22. I really don’t know ________ made her so upset and cry alone in the classroom yesterday. A. when B. how C. why D. what 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我真的不知道是什么让她昨天这么难过，独自在教室里哭。 when什么时候；how如何；why为什么；what什么。根据句子结构，从句中缺少主语，结合语境表达“不知道是什么让她难过”，只有what可在宾语从句中充当主语且符合语义。 23. The physics teacher told us ________ the moon goes around the earth all the time. A. if B. that C. how D. why 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：物理老师告诉我们月球一直围绕地球转。 if是否；that引导陈述句；how如何；why为什么。宾语从句陈述客观真理时，引导词用that，且从句时态不受主句影响，因此选B，符合语境。 24. Do you know ________ he chose to study in Canada instead of Australia last year? A. how B. when C. what D. why 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：你知道他去年为什么选择去加拿大留学而不去澳大利亚吗？ how表方式；when表时间；what表内容；why表原因。本句指“知道他去年为何选加拿大而非澳大利亚留学”，是知道原因，用why。 25. He asked the tour guide ________ they could climb to the top of the mountain in such heavy rain. A. if B. that C. what D. where 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：他问导游在这么大的雨中他们是否能爬到山顶。 if是否；that（引导宾语从句无实义）；what什么；where哪里。根据句中“asked”（询问）的语境，表达对“能否爬山”的疑问，只有if可引导表示疑问的宾语从句并符合语义。 第二部分 翻译句子 26. 我很好奇中国人是如何庆祝雨水节气的。 ____________________________________ 【答案】I am curious about how Chinese people celebrate Rain Water. 【解析】 【详解】“我很好奇中国人是如何庆祝雨水节气的”翻译为I am curious about how Chinese people celebrate Rain Water。我很好奇对应表达I’m curious about，固定短语be curious about对……感到好奇；是如何……的用how引导宾语从句；庆祝翻译为celebrate；雨水节气表示为Rain Water 。 27. 你知道人们在立冬时会吃饺子吗? ____________________________________ 【答案】Do you know that people eat dumplings at Start of Winter? 【解析】 【详解】“你知道人们在立冬时会吃饺子吗”翻译为“Do you know that people eat dumplings at Start of Winter”。主句为“你知道……吗？”句式用“Do you know+宾语从句”；用that引导从句，且用陈述语序，“吃饺子”为eat dumplings，“立冬”为Start of Winter，在某个节气前用介词at。 28. 你决定好在大雪节气时要做什么了吗？ ____________________________________ 【答案】Have you decided what you want to do in Major Snow? 【解析】 【详解】“你决定好在大雪节气时要做什么了吗？”译为“Have you decided what you want to do in Major Snow?”，其中“你决定好……了吗”用现在完成时Have you decided… 表达，强调过去的决定对现在的影响；“要做什么”译为what you want to do，作decided的宾语，宾语从句使用陈述语序；“大雪节气”译为Major Snow，是二十四节气的专有名词，首字母需大写，介词用in。 29. 我不确定我们明天小暑时要去哪里。 ____________________________________ 【答案】I am not sure where we are going tomorrow for Minor Heat. 【解析】 【详解】“我不确定我们明天小暑时要去哪里。” 译为I am not sure where we are going tomorrow for Minor Heat. “我”用I表达；“不确定”用am not sure表达；“我们”用we表达；“要去”用are going表达，表示将来要发生的动作；“明天”用tomorrow表达；“哪里”用where表达，引导宾语从句；“小暑”用Minor Heat表达，这是一个特定的节气名称；for Minor Heat表示“在小暑这个时节”。 30. 他已经告诉我，我们将在处暑时见面。 ____________________________________ 【答案】He has told me that we shall meet in End of Heat. 【解析】 【详解】“他已经告诉我，我们将在处暑时见面。”译为“He has told me that we shall meet in End of Heat.”。 “处暑”用“End of Heat”表示；主句使用现在完成时“has told”，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响；宾语从句用一般将来时“shall meet”，表示将来的动作；介词“in”用于节气名前，表示“在……时节”。 Unit6宾语从句(2) Day3 第一部分 单项选择 31. Could you tell me ________? A. where is the nearest subway station B. how can I get to the city museum C. when the next bus will arrive D. what time does the movie start 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能告诉我下趟公共汽车什么时候到达吗？ 宾语从句必须用陈述语序，也就是主语在前，谓语在后，只有选项C符合。 32. I wonder ________ at the school gate yesterday morning. A. who was he waiting for B. who he was waiting for C. who did he wait for D. who he waited for 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我想知道昨天早上他在校门口等谁。 who was he waiting for疑问语序，不符合宾语从句要求。who he was waiting for陈述语序，过去进行时，符合语法和语境。who did he wait for疑问语序，不符合宾语从句要求。who he waited for陈述语序，一般过去时，侧重动作已完成。I wonder后接宾语从句，从句必须使用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。时间状语yesterday morning强调“过去某个时间段正在进行的动作”，用过去进行时（was waiting）更贴合语境，因此选who he was waiting for。 33. No one knows ________ so many students want to take part in the volunteer program. A. why is it that B. why it is that C. that why is it D. that it is why 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：没人知道为什么有这么多学生想要参加这个志愿者项目。 主句：No one knows…（没人知道……），后面需要接一个陈述语序的宾语从句。宾语从句的核心是强调句型it is/was… that…，这里被强调的是原因状语why，表示“为什么……”。宾语从句必须用陈述语序，所以要把疑问语序的why is it that改成陈述语序why it is that。 34. The teacher asked us ________ we had finished reading the novel The Old Man and the Sea. A. that B. what C. if D. where 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师问我们是否已经读完了《老人与海》这本小说。 that引导宾语从句时无实际意义，不充当句子成分；what什么，在从句中作主语或宾语；if是否，引导宾语从句表示疑问语气；where哪里，在从句中作地点状语。主句“The teacher asked us…”表示“老师问我们……”，宾语从句需表达疑问语气，询问“是否读完小说”，if可引导此类宾语从句，符合语境；that引导陈述语气从句，what和where语义不符。应填if。 35. He didn’t tell me ________ he would go to Shanghai or not. A. if B. whether C. when D. how 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：他没有告诉我他是否要去上海。 if是否；whether是否；when什么时候（表时间）；how如何（表方式）。根据句中“or not”可知，只有whether可以与“or not”搭配使用表达“是否”的含义。 36. Do you know ________? A. what is he doing now B. what he is doing now C. what does he do now D. what he does now 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：你知道他现在正在做什么吗？ what is he doing now疑问语序，不符合宾语从句要求。what he is doing now陈述语序，现在进行时，符合语法和语境。what does he do now疑问语序，不符合宾语从句要求。what he does now陈述语序，一般现在时，侧重习惯性动作，与now强调的“正在进行”不符。Do you know后接宾语从句，从句必须使用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）；时间状语now表示动作正在进行，需用现在进行时，因此选what he is doing now。 37. I really don’t understand ________ made him so angry just now. A. what was it that B. what it was that C. it was what that D. that what it was 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我真的不明白刚才是什么让他这么生气。 what was it that语序错误；what it was that语序正确；it was what that语序错误；that what it was语序错误。这是宾语从句中嵌套了强调句型，宾语从句需用陈述语序，正常语序为“what it was that...”，因此选B，符合语境。 38. Could you tell me ________? A. where the nearest hospital is B. when will the meeting start C. how did he fix the bike D. what is she good at 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能告诉我最近的医院在哪里吗？ 主句中的Could you tell me…是委婉请求语气，不是过去时，因此宾语从句可以根据实际情况使用任何时态；宾语从句应用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后），故只有选项A符合语法规则。 39. Could you please tell me ________ the 2026 Winter Olympics will be held? A. when and where B. when and where will C. when and where was D. when and where were 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能告诉我2026年冬奥会将在何时何地举行吗？ when and where何时何地。宾语从句应用陈述语序，题干中从句部分已有“will be held”，因此只需填入连接词“when and where”。 40. The manager asked ________ the project would be completed. A. how long B. how soon C. how far D. how often 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：经理问这个项目多久之后能完成。 how long表示“持续时间”；how soon表示“多久之后”；how far表示“距离”，how often表示“频率”。根据“经理问项目多久能完成”的语境，应选用表示“多久之后”的how soon。 第二部分 翻译句子 41. 我想知道古人是如何根据24节气来安排农业生产的。 ____________________________________ 【答案】I wonder how ancient people arranged their agricultural production according to the 24 Solar Terms. 【解析】 【详解】“我想知道”译为I wonder，“古人是如何安排农业生产的”是宾语从句，使用陈述语序，译为how ancient people arranged their agricultural production。“根据24节气”是状语，放在句末，译为 according to the 24 Solar Terms。 42. 老师问我们是否能解释清楚“小满”这个节气的含义。 ____________________________________ 【答案】The teacher asked if we could explain the meaning of the solar term “Grain Buds” clearly. 【解析】 【详解】“老师问我们是否能解释清楚‘小满’这个节气的含义”译为“The teacher asked if we could explain the meaning of the solar term ‘Grain Buds’ clearly.”，其中“老师”译为the teacher；“问我们是否……”用asked if… 表达，主句为一般过去时asked，宾语从句时态相应变为could；“解释清楚”译为explain…clearly，clearly为副词修饰动词explain；“‘小满’这个节气”译为the solar term“Grain Buds”，Grain Buds是“小满”的标准英文译名，solar term表示“节气”。 43. 你能告诉我为什么“清明”既是节气又是节日吗？ ____________________________________ 【答案】Can you tell me why “Pure Brightness” is both a solar term and a festival? 【解析】 【详解】“你能告诉我……吗？”用Can you tell me...?；“为什么”用why引导宾语从句；“清明”译为Pure Brightness；“既是节气又是节日”用both a solar term and a festival表达。主句为一般现在时，从句陈述客观事实也用一般现在时，主语为单数，be动词用is。 44. 他不确定今年的“冬至”具体是在哪一天。 ____________________________________ 【答案】He is not sure exactly when this year’s “Winter Solstice” will fall. 【解析】 【详解】“他不确定今年的‘冬至’具体是在哪一天。”译为He is not sure exactly when this year’s “Winter Solstice” will fall.。“他不确定”译为He is not sure，“具体”用副词exactly修饰，放在sure之后。“今年的‘冬至’”译为this year’s “Winter Solstice”，this year’s是名词所有格，表示“今年的”；“冬至”是专有名词，固定译法为Winter Solstice，需要大写首字母。“在哪一天”用宾语从句when…will fall表达。这里的fall是动词，意为 “（节日、日期）降临、到来”。 45. 没有人知道我们的祖先最初是如何确定24节气的具体时间的。 ____________________________________ 【答案】No one knows how our ancestors originally determined the exact dates of the 24 Solar Terms. 【解析】 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句主句用一般现在时，从句用一般过去时；“没有人知道”译为“No one knows”，后接how引导的宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，“我们的祖先最初确定”译为“our ancestors originally determined”，“24节气的具体时间”译为“the exact dates of the 24 Solar Terms”，故填No one knows how our ancestors originally determined the exact dates of the 24 Solar Terms。 Unit5宾语从句(1) Day4 第一部分 单项选择 46. Do you know ________ the meeting will start? I’m afraid I will be late. A. when B. when does C. when will D. when did 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：你知道会议什么时候开始吗？我恐怕会迟到。 分析句子结构可知，know后面是一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中疑问句要用陈述句语序，即“疑问词+主语+谓语”，B、C、D选项均为疑问句语序，只有A选项符合语法规则。 47. The teacher asked us ________ we had finished our homework before class. A. that B. if C. what D. where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师问我们是否在课前完成了作业。 that引导陈述句（无疑问含义）；if是否（引导一般疑问句的宾语从句）；what什么；where哪里。主句动词“asked”表示“询问”，后接宾语从句应表达疑问内容，即“是否完成作业”，故用“if”引导。 48. He told me that he ________ to Beijing the next day for a business trip. A. will go B. goes C. went D. would go 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：他告诉我他第二天要去北京出差。 will go将要去（一般将来时）；goes去（一般现在时）；went去（一般过去时）；would go将要去（过去将来时）。根据主句“He told me that...” 的过去时态和从句中的时间状语“the next day”可知，从句描述的是从过去视角看将来要发生的动作，因此应使用过去将来时。 49. Could you tell me how long ________ the book? I want to borrow one too. A. you have kept B. have you kept C. you have borrowed D. have you borrowed 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能告诉我这本书你借了多久吗？我也想借一本。 这是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，可排除B、D；how long表示“多久”，提问的是持续的时间，因此从句中要使用延续性动词，borrow是短暂性动词，不能与how long连用，而keep是对应的延续性动词符合语境。 50. I wonder if she ________ to the party tomorrow. If she ________, I’ll call you at once. A. comes; comes B. will come; comes C. comes; will come D. will come; will come 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我想知道她明天是否会来参加聚会。如果她来了，我会立刻给你打电话。 第一个空：if 引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。主句“I wonder”为一般现在时，从句中的时间状语“tomorrow”表示将来，因此用一般将来时will come。第二个空：if 引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。遵循“主将从现”原则，主句“I’ll call you at once”为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主语she为第三人称单数，故用 comes。故答案为B。 51. My father asked me ________ I ________ with my friends at that time yesterday. A. what; am doing B. what; was doing C. where; am doing D. where; was doing 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我爸爸问我昨天那个时候正在和朋友们做什么。 what什么；where哪里；am doing现在进行时；was doing过去进行时。根据主句动词asked为一般过去时和时间状语at that time yesterday可知，宾语从句需使用过去进行时，结合句子询问具体行为的语境，应填what; was doing。 52. She said that she ________ the Great Wall twice and she wanted to go there again. A. has visited B. visited C. had visited D. will visit 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：她说她已经去过长城两次了，并且她还想再去一次。 主句谓语动词said是一般过去时，宾语从句中的动词“去过两次”发生在主句动作前，属于“过去的过去”，即过去完成时，应用had visited。 53. Do you know when ________? I miss him very much. A. will he come back B. he will come back C. did he come back D. he came back 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：你知道他什么时候回来吗？我非常想念他。 will he come back他将回来，疑问语序；he will come back他将回来，陈述语序；did he come back他回来了吗，疑问语序；he came back他回来了，陈述语序。根据句子结构可知，这里是一个宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序；根据句意“I miss him very much”可知，想念他说明他还没有回来，所以这里问的是将来要发生的事情，应用一般将来时。应填he will come back。 54. The doctor asked the patient how long he ________ like that before he came to the hospital. A. has been B. was C. had been D. is 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：医生问这位病人在来医院之前像这样多久了。 has been现在完成时；was一般过去时；had been过去完成时；is一般现在时。根据“before he came to the hospital”可知，“像这样”的状态发生在“来医院”之前，是“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时had been，符合语境。 55. We don’t know if they ________ a sports meeting next month. If they ________, we’ll take part in it. A. will hold; will hold B. hold; hold C. will hold; hold D. hold; will hold 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们不知道他们下个月是否会举办运动会。如果他们举办，我们就会参加。 前句if引导宾语从句，next month用一般将来时will hold；后句if引导条件状语从句，主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表将来；主语they是复数，谓语用动词原形，因此第二空填hold。 第二部分 用单词的适当形式填空 56. He said he ________ (finish) his English project already. 【答案】had finished 【解析】 【详解】句意：他说他已经完成了他的英语项目。括号内的单词finish是动词，主句为一般过去时（said），从句动作“完成”发生在主句动作之前，需用过去完成时，因此用had finished。 57. Could you tell me when your father usually ________ (go) to work every morning? 【答案】goes 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能告诉我你爸爸通常每天早上几点去上班吗？句中时间状语usually（通常）和every morning（每天早上）表示经常性、习惯性的动作，应使用一般现在时；your father是第三人称单数，谓语动词go需使用第三人称单数形式goes。 58. I wonder if it ________ (rain) tomorrow. We plan to go hiking. 【答案】will rain 【解析】 【详解】句意：我想知道明天是否会下雨，我们计划去徒步旅行。句中“tomorrow”表示将来的时间，提示宾语从句的动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时。rain的一般将来时形式为will rain。 59. The teacher told us that the earth ________ (go) around the sun all the time. 【答案】goes 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们地球总是绕着太阳转。句中“the earth…around the sun”为客观真理，无论主句时态如何，宾语从句都应用一般现在时；主语the earth为第三人称单数，谓语动词go需变为goes，故填goes。 60. She asked me what I ________ (do) at 8 o’clock last night. 【答案】was doing 【解析】 【详解】句意：她问我昨晚八点我在做什么。do“做”，是动词。时间状语“at 8 o’clock last night”表示过去某一具体时刻，该时刻正在进行的动作要用过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 现在分词”；主语是I，因此用was doing。故填was doing。 Unit5宾语从句(1) Day5 第一部分 单项选择 61. Do you know why she ________ to school late this morning? A. came B. comes C. will come D. is coming 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：你知道她今天早上为什么上学迟到吗？ 从句中时间状语是“this morning”，表示动作发生在过去，因此句子时态应为一般过去时。动词“come”的过去式是“came”。 62. He asked me if I ________ the movie The Wandering Earth 2 before. A. see B. saw C. have seen D. had seen 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：他问我之前是否看过电影《流浪地球2》。 see看，动词原形；saw看，一般过去式；have seen看，现在完成时；had seen看，过去完成时。主句谓语asked为一般过去时，宾语从句中动作“看电影”发生在“问”这个过去动作之前，属于“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时。 63. I don’t know when he ________ back. Please tell me when he ________ back. A. comes; comes B. will come; comes C. comes; will come D. will come; will come 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我不知道他什么时候回来。请告诉我他什么时候回来。 comes回来（一般现在时）；will come将要回来（一般将来时）。根据第一个空，“when”引导宾语从句，表示将来的动作，用一般将来时；第二个空，“when”引导时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语he为第三人称单数，用comes。 64. He told his classmates that he ________ to Shanghai twice. A. has gone B. had gone C. has been D. had been 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：他告诉同学们他去过上海两次。 has gone现在完成时(去了未回)；had gone过去完成时(去了未回)；has been现在完成时(去过已回)；had been过去完成时(去过已回)。根据“told”可知主句为一般过去时，宾语从句需用过去的时态；结合“twice”表示“去过某地(已返回)”，需用过去完成时had been，符合语境。 65. My uncle told me he ________ for Beijing the next morning. A. leaves B. left C. would leave D. has left 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我叔叔告诉我他明天早上要去北京。 主句是过去时，从句表示“过去视角下将要发生的动作”（第二天早上动身），需用过去将来时，would leave符合语境。故选C。 66. She said that she ________ to the supermarket after school that day. A. will go B. goes C. went D. would go 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：她说那天放学后她要去超市。 will go一般将来时；goes一般现在时；went一般过去时；would go过去将来时。主句“said”为一般过去时，从句表示“过去视角下的将来动作”（that day那天的放学后），需用过去将来时would go，符合语境。 67. Do you know if there ________ a football match in our school next Friday? A. is B. was C. will be D. will have 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：你知道下周五我们学校有一场足球比赛吗？ is一般现在时；was一般过去时；will be一般将来时（there be句型）；will have一般将来时（have表示“拥有”）。根据时间状语“next Friday”可知，句子需用一般将来时；there be句型表示“某地有某物”，其将来时为there will be，符合语境。 68. My brother asked me where I ________ my new mobile phone. I told him I bought it online. A. buy B. bought C. have bought D. will buy 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我弟弟问我在哪里买的新手机，我告诉他我在网上买的。 主句动词asked是一般过去时，宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。 “买手机” 这个动作发生在asked之前，用一般过去时bought。后面答句I bought it online也给了提示，时态保持一致。 69. The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A. travel B. travels C. traveled D. is traveling 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。 travel动词原形。travels一般现在时，第三人称单数形式。traveled一般过去时。is traveling现在进行时。在宾语从句中，如果从句描述的是客观真理、科学事实或普遍规律，无论主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。“光比声音传播得快”是客观真理，且主语light是第三人称单数，所以动词用travels。 70. We wondered why they ________ the meeting without us yesterday. A. hold B. held C. have held D. will hold 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们想知道昨天他们为何在没有我们的情况下召开会议。 yesterday表示过去时间，从句用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式held。 第二部分 用单词的适当形式填空 71. I want to know when he ________ (arrive) here. I’ll pick him up at the station. 【答案】will arrive 【解析】 【详解】句意：我想知道他什么时候会到这儿，我要去车站接他。这是宾语从句，主句是一般现在时；“他到达这里” 是还没发生、将要发生的动作，用一般将来时will + 动词原形，所以用will arrive。 72. He told me that he ________ (not hear) from his pen pal for a long time. 【答案】hadn’t heard##had not heard 【解析】 【详解】句意：他告诉我他已经很久没有收到笔友的来信了。主句“He told me…”为一般过去时，宾语从句中“没收到笔友的信”这一动作发生在“told”之前，属于“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时，结构为had+过去分词；“hear from”的过去分词为heard，否定形式为hadn’t heard，且“for a long time”也提示了完成时态的用法，故填hadn’t heard/had not heard。 73. The poster said that our school art festival ________ (hold) the next month. 【答案】would be held 【解析】 【详解】句意：海报上说我们学校的艺术节将于下个月举办。空格在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，主句谓语动词said为过去式，从句需相应用过去的某种时态，“下个月”表将来，因此用过去将来时；“艺术节”与“举办”为被动关系，故用过去将来时的被动语态，结构为“would be+过去分词”。故填would be held。 74. The scientist said that water ________ (boil) at 100℃ under normal pressure. 【答案】boils 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位科学家说，在标准大气压下，水在100℃沸腾。boil“沸腾”，为动词。主句虽为一般过去时（said），但宾语从句描述的是客观事实或自然规律，时态仍用一般现在时。主语water为不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数，故填boils。 75. She asked me if I ________ (can) help her with her math homework this evening. 【答案】could 【解析】 【详解】句意：她问我今天晚上是否能帮她辅导数学作业。根据主句“She asked me”可知，主句为一般过去时，宾语从句的时态应与主句保持一致，故将can改为过去式could。同时，从句中的“this evening”表示将来时间，但在间接引语中需用过去将来时，此处用could即可表达“当时看来将要发生”的含义。故填could。 Unit5宾语从句(1) Day6 第一部分 单项选择 76. She informed us she ________ the complicated experiment thoroughly before the professor arrived. A. finished B. has finished C. had finished D. will finish 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：她告诉我们，在教授到来之前，她已经彻底完成了这个复杂的实验。 这是一个宾语从句，主句“She informed us”使用了一般过去时，从句中表示的动作“完成实验”发生在主句动作“告知我们”之前，即过去的过去，所以应用过去完成时。应填had finished。 77. The committee announced that the high-standard seminar ________ due to the unexpected equipment failure. A. canceled B. was canceled C. has canceled D. had been canceled 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：委员会宣布，由于意外的设备故障，这场高水平研讨会已被取消。 主句谓语announced为过去式，宾语从句需使用过去相关时态；且seminar与cancel之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；“研讨会被取消”发生在“委员会宣布”之前，属于“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时。因此填had been canceled。 78. The official notice said the municipal government ________ the urban renovation project the subsequent quarter. A. launches B. launched C. will launch D. would launch 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：官方通知说市政府将在下个季度启动城市翻新项目。 主句“said”为一般过去时，从句表示“过去视角下的将来动作”，需用过去将来时would launch，符合语境。 79. My supervisor mentioned he ________ cutting-edge AI technologies when I consulted him about the thesis last month. A. explored B. was exploring C. has explored D. had explored 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：上个月我就论文请教导师时，导师提到他已经研究过前沿人工智能技术。 主句mentioned为过去时，从句表示上个月咨询时正在研究，用过去进行时。 80. She asked me ________ with my leg. I told her I fell down. A. what’s the matter B. what the matter is C. what was the matter D. what the matter was 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：她问我我的腿怎么了。我告诉她我摔倒了。 主句“She asked me…”是一般过去时，宾语从句必须使用相应的过去时态。“what’s the matter”是固定结构，它的语序在宾语从句中保持不变。what就是主语，变间接引语时需将is改为was。应填what was the matter。 81. Do you know ________ will organize the school reading competition this semester? A. whom B. who C. whose D. which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：你知道这学期谁将组织学校的阅读比赛吗？ whom（谁，宾格）；who（谁，主格）；whose（谁的，所有格）；which（哪一个）。宾语从句中，空处需要引导词，且该词在从句中作主语，指代人，应填who。 82. He said he ________ his grandparents in the countryside the coming winter holiday. A. visits B. visited C. will visit D. would visit 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：他说他在即将到来的寒假会去乡下看望他的祖父母。 本题考查宾语从句的时态。主句“He said”为一般过去时，从句的时态应与主句保持一致，故排除A（一般现在时）和C（一般将来时）。从句中的时间状语“the coming winter holiday”表示将来时间，在间接引语中需用过去将来时，即“would + 动词原形”。B项visited为一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作，与“将来的寒假”矛盾。故填would visit。 83. The director declared the core project ________ by the R&D team prior to the strict deadline he set last week. A. accomplished B. was accomplished C. has accomplished D. had been accomplished 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：主管宣布核心项目在上周设定的严格截止日期之前，就已经被研发团队完成了。 accomplished一般过去时；was accomplished一般过去时被动；has accomplished现在完成时；had been accomplished过去完成时被动。根据“prior to the strict deadline he set last week”可知，项目完成的动作发生在“上周设定截止日期”这个过去动作之前，属于“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时；同时项目是“被完成”的，要用被动语态，因此用had been accomplished，符合语境。 84. I can’t figure out ________ he didn’t show up at the important meeting yesterday. A. why B. that C. which D. how long 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我无法弄清楚他昨天为什么没有出现在重要的会议上。 why为什么（表原因）；that引导词（无实际含义）；which哪一个；how long多久。根据句中“can’t figure out（无法弄清楚）”和“he didn’t show up at the important meeting（他没出现在重要会议上）”可知，此处需要表达“原因”的引导词。 85. We need to figure out ________ we can do to make the English corner more popular among students. A. that B. how C. what D. where 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们需要弄清楚我们能做些什么来让英语角在学生中更受欢迎。 that在宾语从句中起连接作用，不充当任何句子成分；how是连接副词，在宾语从句中作方式状语；what是连接代词，在宾语从句中可以作宾语；where是连接副词，在宾语从句中作地点状语。本句中“We need to figure out”后面是宾语从句，从句中“do”是及物动词，what在从句中作do的宾语，指代“能做的事”。 第二部分 用单词的适当形式填空 86. My mother checked what I ________ (do) at 8 o’clock last night. 【答案】was doing 【解析】 【详解】句意：我妈妈检查了我昨晚八点正在做什么。句中“at 8 o’clock last night”表示过去某个具体的时间点，表示动作在过去某一时刻正在进行，应用过去进行时。过去进行时的结构为“was/were+现在分词”，主语是I，be动词用was，do的现在分词为doing。 87. Could you tell me when your sister ________ (come) back from Shanghai? I want to visit her. 【答案】will come 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能告诉我你妹妹什么时候从上海回来吗？我想去看她。come“回来”，为动词。此处“when your sister ______ back”是宾语从句，主句“Could you tell me”为现在时，从句根据语境“I want to visit her”可知她尚未回来，应用一般将来时，故填will come。 88. The scientist told us that light ________ (travel) faster than sound all the time. 【答案】travels 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位科学家告诉我们，光总是比声音传播得快。括号内的单词travel是动词，虽然主句为一般过去时，但宾语从句描述的是客观真理，需用一般现在时；主语light为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式travels。 89. He reported he ________ (not finish) the experiment yet and he planned to do it this weekend. 【答案】hadn’t finished##had not finished 【解析】 【详解】句意：他报告说他还没有完成实验，并计划这个周末去做。句中“reported”为过去式，且“yet”常与完成时连用，表示“尚未”，说明“未完成”的动作发生在“reported”之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，其结构为“had + 过去分词”。finish的过去分词为finished，提示词中有not，所以此处用否定式，应填hadn’t finished/had not finished。 90. I wonder if our school ________ (hold) a science fair next month. 【答案】will hold 【解析】 【详解】我想知道我们学校下个月是否会举办一场科技博览会。句中时间状语 “next month”表示将来的动作，且主句“I wonder”为一般现在时，if引导宾语从句需用一般将来时（will + 动词原形）。因此，动词hold应变为will hold。故填will hold。 Unit5宾语从句(1) Day7 第一部分 单项选择 91. Can you explain ________ the little girl wrote in her diary? It’s hard for us to understand. A. what B. that C. how D. when 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能解释一下这个小女孩在她的日记里写了什么吗？我们很难理解。 what什么；that引导陈述句；how如何；when何时。根据语境，空处作“wrote”的宾语，表示“写的内容”，因此用what引导宾语从句，符合语境。 92. She asked me ________ improve spoken English fast. A. how could she B. how she could C. how will she D. how does she 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：她问我她怎样才能快速提高英语口语。 主句动词“asked”是一般过去时，宾语从句需使用与过去相关的时态；同时宾语从句必须用陈述语序。故选B。 93. She wondered ________ the new student ________ from the south of China. A. if; came B. that; comes C. where; come D. why; came 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：她想知道这个新学生是否来自中国南方。 if是否；that引导词（无实际含义）；where哪里（表地点）；why为什么（表原因）；came来（过去式）；comes 来（第三人称单数）；come来（原形）。主句“She wondered”为过去时，宾语从句需用过去的某种时态；结合语境，此处表达“是否”的含义，因此应选if和came。 94. She inquired ________ I would join the English club or not this semester. A. if B. whether C. that D. when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：她询问我这学期是否会加入英语俱乐部。 if是否；whether是否；that引导词（无实际含义）；when什么时候。根据句中“inquired（询问）”和“or not”可知，只有whether能与“or not”搭配使用表达“是否”的含义，符合语境。 95. We haven’t confirmed ________ the English test will be delayed. Maybe because of the school trip. A. how B. when C. why D. where 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们还没有确认英语考试是否会推迟，可能是因为学校旅行。 how如何（表方式）；when什么时候（表时间）；why为什么（表原因）；where哪里（表地点）。根据后句“Maybe because of the school trip.”可知，此处表达的是推迟的“原因”尚未确认。 96. Do you know ________ buy the English workbook? A. where can we B. where will we C. where we can D. where does we 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：你知道我们在哪里可以买到这本英语练习册吗？ “Do you know”后面是宾语从句，宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他”，应填where we can。 97. Could you show me ________ I can get to the school reading room in 5 minutes? I’m in a hurry. A. how B. what C. why D. where 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能告诉我怎样在5分钟内到达学校阅览室吗？我很急。 how怎样（表示方式）；what什么；why为什么；where哪里。根据句意，说话人想知道的是“到达阅览室的方法”，即“怎样在5分钟内到达”，应用how引导宾语从句。 98. The coach checked ________ we ________ enough training before the competition last month. A. that; finished B. if; had finished C. what; finished D. when; have finished 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：教练检查了我们在上个月比赛前是否已经完成了足够的训练。 that引导陈述句；if是否；what什么；when何时；finished一般过去时；had finished过去完成时；have finished现在完成时。根据语境，教练检查的是“是否”完成训练，第一空用if；训练完成的动作发生在“比赛（last month）”之前，属于“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时had finished，因此选B，符合语境。 99. I don’t know ________ with my watch. It doesn’t work. A. what wrong is B. what’s wrong C. what wrong was D. what was wrong 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我不知道我的手表怎么了，它不走了。 what wrong is语序错误；what’s wrong怎么了；what wrong was语序错误；what was wrong（过去时）。根据“It doesn’t work”可知句子为一般现在时，且宾语从句中what’s wrong本身为陈述语序，无需调整，因此选B，符合语境。 100. We need to figure out ________ we can help the new students adapt to school life quickly. A. that B. what C. how D. where 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们需要弄清楚怎样帮助新生快速适应学校生活。 that引导宾语从句时无实际意义；what什么；how怎样；where哪里。句子表达“需要弄清楚帮助新生适应学校生活的方式”，需用表示方式的连接词how引导宾语从句，在从句中作方式状语。应填how。 第二部分 用单词的适当形式填空 101. The geographer told us that the earth ________ (turn) around its axis every day. 【答案】turns 【解析】 【详解】句意：地理学家告诉我们，地球每天绕地轴自转。句中宾语从句表达的是客观真理（地球自转），这类情况不受主句过去时态的影响，仍用一般现在时；主语the earth是第三人称单数，动词turn需变为turns。 102. Could you tell me when the school sports meeting ________ (start) this year? 【答案】will start 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能告诉我今年的学校运动会什么时候开始吗？主句“Could you tell me”是委婉请求，宾语从句中时间状语“this year”表示将来，因此谓语动词用一般将来时“will start”。故填will start。 103. He announced he ________ (not receive) the exam notice yet and he wanted to check it. 【答案】hadn’t received##have not received 【解析】 【详解】句意：他宣布他还没有收到考试通知，想要去核实一下。主句动词“announced”是一般过去时，宾语从句需要用过去的时态；同时句中的“yet”是现在完成时的标志词，表示“到目前为止还没收到”，在过去语境下需转换为过去完成时（had+过去分词），表示“在 announced 这个过去的动作之前，还没有收到通知”。动词“receive”的过去分词是“received”，因此应填hadn’t received/had not received。 104. I wonder if they ________ (organize) an English speech competition next week. 【答案】will organize 【解析】 【详解】句意：我想知道他们下周是否会组织一场英语演讲比赛。括号内的单词organize是动词，句中时间状语“next week”表示将来的动作，if引导的宾语从句需用一般将来时，因此用will organize。 105. The teacher questioned what we ________ (talk) about in the classroom just now. 【答案】were talking 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师询问我们刚才在教室里谈论的是什么。括号内的单词talk是动词，句中时间状语“just now”表示“刚才”，结合主句动词questioned（一般过去时），说明宾语从句的动作是“刚才正在发生的”，需用过去进行时；主语we为复数，be动词用were，talk的现在分词形式为talking，因此填were talking。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $