Unit 6 Sunshine for all单元重点词汇变形100题- 2025-2026学年译林版八年级下册英语

**基本信息** 聚焦单元核心词汇，通过三模块100题系统训练词形转换与语境应用，强化语言能力与学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |根据中文提示写单词|35题（如“空闲的”“背景”）|考查单词拼写与词性匹配，夯实基础词汇|从单元主题词汇（慈善、运动等）出发，建立“中文-英文”直接映射| |括号内单词变形填空|35题（如seat belt→seat belts）|涉及词性转换（名→形/副）、时态、复数等语法变形|承接基础词汇，深化词形变化规则，构建“词汇-语法”联动逻辑| |首字母提示补全句子|30题（如g→gold, s→silver）|结合语境考查词汇应用与首字母拼写能力|实现从孤立词汇到语篇应用的递进，提升语言理解与表达能力|

答案解析 一、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式 1. spare；解析：spare 形容词，意为“空闲的”，固定搭配 spare time 表示“空闲时间”。 2. background；解析：background 名词，意为“背景”，family background 为固定短语“家庭背景”。 3. gold；解析：gold 名词，意为“金牌”，win the gold 表示“赢得金牌”。 4. silver；解析：silver 名词，意为“银牌”，与 gold 对应。 5. seat belts；解析：seat belt 意为“安全带”，乘客需系多条，用复数形式 seat belts。 6. wheelchair；解析：wheelchair 名词，意为“轮椅”，in a wheelchair 固定搭配“坐轮椅”。 7. north-east；解析：north-east 形容词，意为“东北的”，修饰名词 part。 8. call；解析：call 动词，call on 固定短语“号召”，情态动词 should 后接动词原形。 9. deaf；解析：deaf 形容词，意为“聋的”，be deaf 表示“聋的”。 10. elderly；解析：elderly 形容词，the elderly 固定表达“老年人”，表一类人。 11. disability；解析：disability 名词，意为“残疾”，形容词性物主代词 his 后接名词。 12. charity；解析：charity 名词，意为“慈善机构”，a local charity 表示“一家当地慈善机构”。 13. medal；解析：medal 名词，意为“奖牌”，Olympic medal 表示“奥运奖牌”。 14. confidence；解析：confidence 名词，意为“自信心”，build confidence 固定搭配“树立信心”。 15. absent；解析：absent 形容词，意为“缺席的”，be absent 固定短语“缺席”。 16. necessary；解析：necessary 形容词，意为“必要的”，It is necessary for sb. to do sth. 固定句型。 17. competition；解析：competition 名词，意为“比赛”，singing competition 表示“歌唱比赛”。 18. Chemistry；解析：Chemistry 名词，意为“化学”，Nobel Prize in Chemistry 固定表达“诺贝尔化学奖”，首字母大写。 19. service；解析：service 名词，意为“服务”，medical service 表示“医疗服务”。 20. courage；解析：courage 名词，意为“勇气”，have courage to do sth. 表示“有勇气做某事”。 21. expect；解析：expect 动词，意为“期待”，Don't 后接动词原形。 22. athletes；解析：athlete 名词，意为“运动员”，世界顶级运动员不止一个，用复数 athletes。 23. cross；解析：cross 动词，意为“穿过”，主句为祈使句，从句用一般现在时。 24. suffering；解析：suffer 动词，suffer from 固定短语“遭受”，are 后接现在分词构成现在进行时。 25. donated；解析：donate 动词，意为“捐赠”，have 后接过去分词构成现在完成时。 26. volunteer；解析：volunteer 动词，意为“自愿”，volunteer for 固定搭配“自愿参与”。 27. disabilities；解析：disability 名词，意为“缺陷、障碍”，表泛指用复数 disabilities。 28. affects；解析：affect 动词，意为“影响”，主语 what 视为单数，一般现在时用 affects。 29. expect；解析：expect 动词，意为“期望”，expect sth. from sb. 固定搭配，主语为复数，用原形。 30. requires；解析：require 动词，意为“需要”，主语 work 为不可数名词，一般现在时用 requires。 31. cured；解析：cure 动词，意为“治愈”，根据“after months of treatment”用一般过去时 cured。 32. illnesses；解析：illness 名词，意为“疾病”，根据“like the flu and colds”用复数 illnesses。 33. receive；解析：receive 动词，意为“收到”，be excited to do sth. 后接动词原形。 34. north-west；解析：north-west 形容词，意为“西北的”，修饰名词 part。 35. homeless；解析：homeless 形容词，意为“无家可归的”，the homeless 表示“无家可归的人”。 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. seat belts；解析：seat belt 复数形式，乘客需系多条安全带，用 seat belts。 2. gold；解析：gold 形容词，gold medal 固定短语“金牌”。 3. ability；解析：able 变名词 ability，one's ability to do sth. 表示“某人做某事的能力”。 4. homeless；解析：home 变形容词 homeless，the homeless 表示“无家可归的人”。 5. have raised；解析：so far 是现在完成时标志，结构 have/has + 过去分词，主语为复数用 have raised。 6. influenced；解析：influence 动词，句意表过去发生，用一般过去时 influenced。 7. warm-hearted；解析：warm-heart 变复合形容词 warm-hearted，意为“热心的”，修饰名词 stranger。 8. expected；解析：expect 动词，句意表过去，用一般过去时 expected。 9. disabilities；解析：disability 复数形式 disabilities，Not all 后接可数名词复数。 10. diseases；解析：disease 复数形式 diseases，different 后接可数名词复数。 11. is reminded；解析：remind 被动语态，be reminded to do sth. 表示“被提醒做某事”，一般现在时。 12. Charities；解析：charity 复数 Charities，句首首字母大写，表泛指多个慈善机构。 13. receiving；解析：receive 变动名词 receiving，look forward to doing sth. 固定搭配。 14. disabled；解析：disable 变形容词 disabled，the disabled 表示“残疾人”。 15. greatly；解析：great 变副词 greatly，修饰动词 changed。 16. trainer；解析：train 变名词 trainer，意为“教练”，a trainer 表示“一名教练”。 17. confidence；解析：confident 变名词 confidence，have the confidence 表示“有信心”。 18. smoothly；解析：smooth 变副词 smoothly，修饰动词 going。 19. disabled；解析：disable 变形容词 disabled，disabled students 表示“残疾学生”。 20. donation；解析：donate 变名词 donation，形容词性物主代词 his 后接名词。 21. blindness；解析：blind 变名词 blindness，意为“失明”，作主语。 22. deafness；解析：deaf 变名词 deafness，意为“失聪”，介词 of 后接名词。 23. voluntary；解析：volunteer 变形容词 voluntary，voluntary work 表示“志愿工作”。 24. western；解析：west 变形容词 western，western areas 表示“西部地区”。 25. popularity；解析：popular 变名词 popularity，in popularity 表示“在受欢迎程度上”。 26. Chemistry；解析：chemical 变名词 Chemistry，teach Chemistry 表示“教化学”，学科首字母大写。 27. operation；解析：operate 变名词 operation，an important operation 表示“一台重要手术”。 28. to provide；解析：provide 用不定式 to provide，It is necessary to do sth. 固定句型。 29. absence；解析：absent 变名词 absence，after a long absence 表示“长时间缺席后”。 30. competitions；解析：compete 变名词 competition，many 后接复数 competitions。 31. athletes；解析：athlete 复数 athletes，from different countries 表明不止一个运动员。 32. service；解析：serve 变名词 service，friendly service 表示“友好的服务”。 33. north-east；north-west；解析：north-east 东北的，north-west 西北的，修饰名词 part。 34. were required；解析：require 被动语态，本句为虚拟语气，用 were required。 35. was crossing；解析：cross 用过去进行时 was crossing，while 引导过去进行时，主语为单数。 三、根据首字母提示完成句子 1. gold；解析：gold 名词，意为“金牌”，win gold medals 表示“赢得金牌”。 2. silver；解析：silver 名词，意为“银牌”，win the silver medal 表示“赢得银牌”。 3. medals；解析：medal 名词复数 medals，many 后接可数名词复数。 4. deaf；解析：deaf 形容词，意为“聋的”，deaf people 表示“聋人”。 5. achieve；解析：achieve 动词，achieve one's goals 固定搭配“实现目标”。 6. raised；解析：raise 动词过去式 raised，raise money/books 表示“筹集钱/书”。 7. service；解析：service 名词，意为“服务”，be pleased with the service 表示“对服务满意”。 8. remind；解析：remind 动词，remind sb. that 固定搭配“提醒某人”。 9. blind；解析：blind 形容词，意为“盲的”，blind man 表示“盲人”。 10. suffer；解析：suffer 动词，suffer from a cold 固定短语“患感冒”。 11. basic；解析：basic 形容词，basic information 表示“基本信息”。 12. elderly；解析：elderly 形容词，elderly people 表示“老年人”。 13. crosses；解析：cross 动词第三人称单数 crosses，主语 he 为单数，一般现在时。 14. confidence；解析：confidence 名词，have confidence to do sth. 表示“有信心做某事”。 15. disabled；解析：disabled 形容词，disabled people 表示“残疾人”。 16. volunteer；解析：volunteer 形容词，volunteer work 表示“志愿工作”。 17. influenced；解析：influence 动词过去式 influenced，have greatly influenced 现在完成时。 18. athletes；解析：athlete 名词复数 athletes，athletes with disabilities 表示“残疾运动员”。 19. ability；解析：ability 名词，have the ability to do sth. 表示“有能力做某事”。 20. necessary；解析：necessary 形容词，It's necessary for sb. to do sth. 固定句型。 21. donate；解析：donate 动词，donate money 表示“捐钱”，It's kind of sb. to do sth. 后接原形。 22. absent；解析：absent 形容词，be absent from school 固定短语“缺课”。 23. requires；解析：require 动词第三人称单数 requires，主语 you 隐含单数含义。 24. disease；解析：disease 名词，意为“疾病”，serious disease 表示“严重疾病”。 25. blood；解析：blood 名词，意为“血”，blood ran down 表示“血流下来”。 26. courage；解析：courage 名词，意为“勇气”，与 confidence 并列。 27. expected；解析：expect 动词过去式 expected，expect sth. to be 表示“期望某事是”。 28. competition；解析：competition 名词，speech competition 表示“演讲比赛”。 29. wheelchairs；解析：wheelchair 名词复数 wheelchairs，in wheelchairs 表示“坐轮椅的”。 30. charities；解析：charity 名词复数 charities，意为“慈善机构”，表泛指。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $夯实词汇基础・突破变形考点・单元专项精练 译林版（2024）八年级下册Unit 6 Sunshine for all 单元重点词汇变形100题 学校：______________ 班级：______________ 姓名：______________ （考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分） 一、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式。（共35小题；每小题1分，满分35分） 1．He spends most of his ________ (空闲的) time reading, so he has a wide knowledge. 2．Despite his poor family ________ (背景), he never gave up his dream of becoming a doctor. 3．She finally won the ________ (金牌) after three failed attempts in previous competitions. 4．He was proud to receive a ________ (银牌), even though his goal was the gold one. 5．The pilot told all passengers to fasten their ________ (安全带) immediately due to turbulence. 6．After the accident, he has been forced to move around in a ________ (轮椅) for the rest of his life. 7．The ________ (东北的) part of our country has long and cold winters every year. 8．We should ________(号召) people to give a helping hand. 9．Although the old man is completely ________ (聋的), he enjoys experiencing music through vibrations. 10．The community center offers free fitness classes for the ________ (老年人) every morning. 11．His ________ (残疾) is not physical but mental, which requires more patience from teachers. 12．All the money raised will go to a local ________ (慈善机构) that helps blind orphans. 13．Winning an Olympic ________ (奖牌) is the dream of almost every professional athlete. 14．The coach’s encouraging words helped the team build ________ (自信心) after their tough loss. 15．—Is everyone here today? —Yes, Miss Liu. No one is ________ (缺席的). 16．It is ________ (必要的) for every driver to fasten the seat belt, no matter how short the trip is. 17．The singing ________ (比赛) attracted over 200 participants from different high schools. 18．He won the Nobel Prize in ________ (化学) for his groundbreaking research on blood diseases. 19．The hospital provides emergency medical ________ (服务) 24 hours a day, even on public holidays. 20．We should have ________ (勇气) to help others. 21．Don’t ________ (期待) too much from others, or you’ll be disappointed. 22．Only the best ________ (运动员) in the world can compete in the Olympic final. 23．Look both ways before you ________ (穿过) the street, especially when you are with children. 24．Many people in poor areas are still ________ (遭受) from hunger now. 25．Many kind people have ________ (捐赠) books and clothes to children in poor areas. 26．Many college students ________ (自愿) for the “Go West Programme.” 27．We should try our best to help people with ________ (缺陷，障碍). 28．When learning something, we should first learn what ________ (影响) us most. 29．Most parents ________ (期望) too much from their children, which may cause unnecessary stress. 30．This volunteer work _________ (需要) great patience and carefulness when you look after the disabled children. 31．The doctor successfully ________ (治愈) the young boy’s rare disease after months of treatment. 32．Seasonal ________ (疾病) like the flu (流感) and colds are very common in winter. 33．She was excited to ________ (收到) a letter from the famous athlete she had always admired. 34．The factory is located in the ________ (西北的) part of the city, far from the city centre. 35．The kind girl gave food and warm clothes to the ________ (无家可归的) people in the street on cold nights. 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。（共35小题；每小题1分，满分35分） 1．All passengers must keep their ________ (seat belt) fastened until the plane comes to a complete stop. 2．She won a ________ (gold) medal in the national swimming competition. 3．His ________ (able) to remain calm during the operation surprised even the doctors. 4．The ________ (home) people need food and clothes most in winter. 5．They ________ (raise) much money for the poor children so far. 6．Their courage to achieve their goals ________ (influence) Liu Ming greatly. 7．The ________ (warm-heart) stranger not only helped the disabled man cross the street but also donated his own wheelchair. 8．No one ________ (expect) the old man in a wheelchair to finish the race, but he proved everyone wrong. 9．Not all ________ (disability) are visible; some, like blood diseases, are hidden inside the body. 10．Different ________ (disease) require different treatments, and some even need multiple operations. 11．She ________ (remind) to take her medicine every four hours by an alarm clock because she often forgets. 12．________ (charity) often raise money for different groups in need. 13．The little boy looks forward to _________ (receive) a new basketball as his birthday gift. 14．The ________ (disable) people need more care and support. 15．The life in the countryside has changed ________ (great) over the past twenty years. 16．The little boy wants to be a ________ (train) for the special athletes when he grows up. 17．With the teacher’s help, we should have the ________ (confident) that we will be successful. 18．With our help, she says everything is going ________ (smooth). 19．The school has special facilities for ________ (disable) students. 20．His ________ (donate) helps many poor children go back to school. 21．His ________(blind) didn’t stop him from becoming a famous musician. 22．Because of ________(deaf), the man couldn’t hear anything. 23．Right now, I am doing some ________(volunteer) work at a school for blind children. It is wonderful to watch them enjoy their lessons. 24．It asks college students to volunteer in China’s ________(west) areas. 25．This programme began in 2003 and has grown in ________ (popular). 26．Yang Yu, a student from a university in Nanjing, taught ________(chemical) at a high school in a small town in Qinghai Province. 27．An important ________ (operate) would save him, but it costs over 300,000 yuan. 28．It is necessary ________ (provide) places for homeless people to stay. 29．After a long ______ (absent) from school, Tom found it hard to catch up with his classmates. 30．He was invited to many international ________ (compete) last year. 31．The ________ (athlete) from different countries gathered in the stadium. 32．The café is very popular because of its delicious food and friendly ________ (serve). 33．Lianyungang is located in the ________ (north-east) part of Jiangsu, while Xuzhou is in the ________ (north-west) part. 34．If every driver ________ (require) to wear a seat belt, the number of deaths in car accidents would drop greatly. 35．While the blind athlete ________ (cross) the finish line, the whole stadium stood up and cheered. 三、根据首字母提示完成句子。（共30小题；每小题1分，满分30分） 1．I hope the Chinese players can win as many g________ as possible at the Olympics. 2．He won the s________ medal in the high jump at the sports meeting. 3．The Chinese team won many gold m________ in the Paralympic Winter Games. 4．The d________ people can’t hear anything and we should speak to them loudly. 5．The athletes’ courage to a________ their goals has greatly influenced Liu Ming. 6．Last week, our class r_________ a lot of books and clothes for the children in the poor mountain village. 7．The customer wasn’t pleased with the s________ at the hotel and complained (投诉) to the manager. 8．The rolling sea of clouds you see as soon as you reach the top will r________ you how tiny we humans are. 9．The b________ man can’t see anything, but he plays the piano very well. 10．If you s_________ from a cold, you should drink more water and have a good rest. 11．We need to know the b________ information on the story before we start to read it carefully. 12．The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for e________ people in China. 13．The little boy always waits for the green light before he c________ the road. 14．If you believe in yourself, you will have more c________to do things well. 15．We must build more special facilities for the d________ people in our city. 16．The v________ work teaches teenagers how to care for others in the community. 17．His brave actions and strong mind have greatly i________ all the young people. 18．The Paralympic Games give a________ with disabilities a chance to show their skills. 19．He has the a________ to finish the work on time. 20．It’s n________ for us to learn some basic living skills. 21．It’s kind of you to d________ money to poor students. 22．He was a________ from school yesterday because he was ill. 23．The road to success is not easy. You really r________ a lot of talent and hard. 24．The doctor gave him some medicine for his serious d_________. 25．The boy hurt his nose and b__________ ran down from his face. 26．With enough confidence and c________, we managed to reach the top of the mountain. 27．We all e________ the volunteer activity to be meaningful, and it really touched all of us. 28．The little girl is training hard to get first prize in the coming English speech c_________. 29．Liu Ming’s main job was to help athletes in w________ get on and off the bus. 30．We can do something for c________ to help people in need. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $