焦新课标,迎战新高考课件 —2026届高三复习备考策略探究

聚焦新课标，迎战新高考 —2026高三复习备考策略探究 如何理解和应对英语高考之“难” 难度不是试题的固有属性，而是考生因素与试题特征之间互动的结果。--程晓堂 如何理解和应对英语高考之“难” 影响英语高考难度的三大要素，即内容的多样性，语言表达的真实性和任务设计的思辨性。 结论：既注重基础考查，又加强关键能力、学科素养和思维品质的考查。 英语高考之所以难，是因为试题不仅仅考查了学生英语语言知识的掌握情况和语言技能的运用能力，同时还考查了学生各方面的综合素养，其中包括学生应具备的文化知识、百科知识、生活经验、思维品质 - [2024]程晓堂 周宇轩 新高考加强了对核心素养导向的理解和对表达能力（提高写作比例）的考查，加大了试题内容的综合性和开放性。 雅思7.5的同学， 高考能考多少？ How to improve your English in senor high？ Skills Grammar Vocabulary Reading Attitude It is your attitude, rather than your aptitude that determines your altitude. 是你的态度而不是天资，决定你的高度。 命题依据 试题命制依据高校人才选拔要求和国家课程标准。 教考衔接 坚持立德树人； 坚持教考衔接，发挥对教学的正向引导作用，引导学生夯实基础、提升能力发展素养； 坚持面向未来，服务拔尖创新人才自主培养。 2026年高考试题分析 ——教育部教育考试院 英语课程内容 评价体系： 考什么？怎么考？ 课程标准： 教什么？怎么教？ 中国高考评价体系 高考评价体系 : 为什么考？ 考什么？ 怎么考？ 《国务院关于深化考试招生制度改革的实施意见》：深化高考考试内容改革、规范高考命题。 一个核心告诉我们高考是干嘛的？ 立德树人 服务选才 引导教学 结论：研究高考试题 一、课程标准 一、课程性质与基本理念 二、学科核心素养与课程目标 三、结构 四、课程内容（6要素） 五、学业质量 六、实施建议 主题语境 语篇类型 语言知识 文化知识 语言技能 学习策略 语言能力文化意识思维品质学习能力 会语言 懂文化 有逻辑性、批判性、创新性 有独立学习能力 如何理解和应对英语高考之“难”--程晓堂 影响英语高考难度的三大因素： 语言表达的真实性 素材内容的多样性 任务设计的思辨性 开展广泛的英语阅读 积累地道的语言表达和语言知识 加强思维能力培养 语言知识 语音知识 词汇知识 语法知识 语篇知识 语用知识 语言知识 高考词汇量究竟需要多少？ 表面3200词汇量足矣！ 实际远远不止！ 3200词汇基础上的拓展，包括同根词，熟悉新义，一词多义，词块。 一、词汇复习策略 词汇必须突破 完成教材词汇复习 掌握基本含义 尽量拓展熟词新义 快速多轮、快速、反复复习词汇。 背单词：零散时间记单词与统一复习相结合 语境记单词：增加阅读量，在阅读集中增强词汇重现。 研究高考真题词汇，确定词汇拓展方向（2025） make up the rest folks place the order put in place policies position skirt given disservice lift up beat oneself up be invested in miss out on spare vt. tailor-made be down to... passion 补足 各位，大伙 下订单 落实政策（选必1-U3） 职位，职务 环绕...四周；位于...边缘 规定的；特定的 有害的行为 使高兴起来 （为某事）过分自责 投入（时间、经历） 错过；错失 省得；免去/饶恕/抽出/不吝惜 定制的 由...引起（造成） 酷爱；热衷的爱好（活动） However, a ban on development put in place in 2015 resulted in a visible population increase of the species. 然而，2015年实施的开发禁令导 致该物种的数量明显增加。 研究高考真题词汇，确定词汇拓展方向（2024） engaging relate to folks’ achievements differentiate layers document likelihood put him to sleep leaf through ridership engaging 有吸引力的；人愉快的 relate to 相关；共情；认同 folks’ achievements人们的成就 differentiate区分 layers 换季衣服 document记录 likelyhood可能 put him to sleep 安乐死 leaf through 翻阅 ridership 客流量 全面掌握教材词汇含义 frame n. 框架 hatch vt.孵化 field n.田野 picture n.图画 yield n.产量 stretch n.一片；一泓；一段 floor n.地板 accurate adj.精确的；准确定的 profile 简介；概括；侧面轮廓 lecture n.教训 frame vt.陷害 hatch密谋 field vt.处理；应对 picture vt.想象；描述 yield vt.屈服；让步；出产 stretch vt.伸展；舒展 floor vt.给...安装地板；击倒；使惊奇 accurate adj.正确无误的 profile 概述；扼要介绍 lecture训斥 熟词生义 plant 放稳；安放 challenging plant over the moon 一词多义 一词多义 consume 1）吃；喝；饮；消耗 2）（感情）充满；吸引；使全神贯注 be consumed with... 使充满（强烈情感）；使全神贯注 He was consumed with guilt. 他内心充满愧疚。 3）烧毁；毁灭（来源于其本意“消耗，耗费”） The hotel was quickly consumed by fire.这家旅馆很快就被大火吞噬了。 comsuming adj.强烈的；重要的；令人着迷的 Basketball is his consuming passion. 篮球令他着迷。 all-comsuming adj. 耗尽时间（或经历的）；全身心投入的 一词多义：relate to Put more simply, this means “You are what you eat.” Most people today relate this saying to healthy eating.简单地说，这句话就是“人如其食”的意思。如今，大多数人把这条言语与健康饮食联系起来。 --Unit 3 Food and culture—Book2选必 relate to 1）涉及；与…相关； 谈到 The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. ---全国I卷 2）共情（能够理解并同情）；认同；与...投缘；了解 Kids relate to him.孩子们和他投缘。 词形变化 Chinese characters have been used through a unified system throughout China’s history. One advantage of using the system is that people who speak different dialects can understand each other’s writing and thus the mutual 62 communication(communicate) can go on smoothly. Different as pronunciation marks are, Chinese characters 63 were used (use) previously and presently are still being used in other languages such as Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese, indicating they have been working 64 (influence). influentially Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Michelangelo (1475- 1564), Unit 1 Art—Book3选必 age---ageing; aging varity, variation, variant stimulation[U] 刺激 visual stimulation视觉刺激； stimulus n.[C] 促进因素；刺激物，复数形式为：stimuli inhabit vt. 居住在；栖息于 inhabitant （某地的）居民；栖息动物 inhabited adj.有人居住的；有动物栖息的 uninhabited adj.无人居住的；无人烟的；荒凉的 habitable adj.（环境）适合居住的 （选必三 Unit 3 Environmental protection） inhabitable adj. （地方）不宜居住的 uninhabitable 可居住的；适宜居住的 public ironic—ironically 讽刺的—讽刺地 electric—electrically 用电力—用电气 economic—economically 经济的---经济地 magic—magically                    魔法的—用魔法地 scientific—scientifically     科学的—科学地 energetic —energetically       精力充沛的—精力充沛地 characteristic —characteristically    典型的—典型地 enthusiastic—enthusiastically          热情的—热切地 automatic —automatically                自动的—自动地 但public的副词形式为publicly含义为“公开地；公然地；公众地”。 词汇教学策略--3意识1策略 词汇教学 语境意识 语用意识 语块意识 学习策略 语境意识 语境意识，即语言环境。 课标指出“词汇学习不是单纯的词语记忆，也不是独立的词语操练，而是结合具体主题、在特定语境下开展的综合性语言实践活动。”高中阶段尤其要充分利用语篇语境来开展词汇教学，因为词汇在语篇里才有生命力。 一个单词在一个地方见10遍，不如10个地方见一遍。 课程标准—词汇教学策略 词汇记忆 词块意识 阅读提高 在语境中理解词汇的用法和意义 我们多穿几件衣服外面挺冷的。 Let’s wear more layers today. It’s cold. 在语境中理解词汇的用法和意义 Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. ---2025全国II卷 绕着城镇广场走，你会发现可爱的商店、餐馆，还有黑白屋博物馆。 outskirts郊区;（市镇）边缘地带 =suburb 语块chunk 指母语者在交流中频繁使用、具有完整功能意义的 “预制语言单位”，是语言使用的 “基本积木”。 词汇拓展的一个重要途径 语块意识chunking 语块意识 高效记忆与输出法则，包括5个类型 词和短语words and expressions： track and field 、as a matter of fact、in charge of... 常见搭配collocations：不是那么固定，因为常搭配使用，固话成“短语”，如, take a rest 、get involved in...、 identity card、taxi driver、make a decision 固定表达fixed expressions：有一定功能可以独立使用的词块，往往约定俗成 Not too bad、 what’s up、just a piece of cake 半固定式semi-fixed expressions：句式类 /句子框架（语法结构） I’m sorry for...; Would you mind...? ；the more ...the more 短对话片段（交际单元）— How are you?（你好吗？） — I’m fine, thanks.（我很好，谢谢。） Why Chunking Is More Effective Than Traditional Learning？ Traditional language learning often emphasizes "word + translation" or "grammar rule + example," which leads to slow, awkward communication (e.g., pausing to conjugate（/ˈkɒndʒəɡeɪt/变位；变格） verbs or check word order). Chunking solves this by aligning（/əˈlaɪn/协调一致） with how our brains process language。 传统语言学习往往强调 “单词 + 翻译” 或 “语法规则 + 例句” 的模式，这会导致沟通速度慢、表达生硬（例如，说话时需要停顿来思考动词变位或检查语序）。而语块学习法则通过契合大脑处理语言的方式，解决了这一问题 教学启示 背诵短语，背诵句子 However, a ban on development put in place in 2015 resulted in a visible population increase of the species. 然而，2015年实施的开发禁令导致该 物种的数量明显增加。 put in place policies 落实政策（选必1-U3） 语块（2025全国II卷） make up the rest补足余下的 place the order下订单 have access to能够使用；能够接触 put...in place落实到位；采取措施或行动 in favor of 支持 bring about 引起；导致 field trip 户外教学 translate into 转化为；体现为 more...than...与其说...倒不如... serve as...充当 raise awareness regarding food waste It should be noted that...需要指出的是... lift ...up...使高兴 free-range自由放养 miss out on...错过获利（或取乐）的机会 语用意识 词汇运用意识 即不断运用词汇强化语感。 学习词汇主要是在记忆的基础上不断运用，从而固化成自己的语言能力。词汇运用重点体现在理解和表达两个方面。 就理解（听读）而言，教师要充分利用语篇资源，让学生在语境中理解词汇的用法和意义；在听和读的场景能够有效的进行语言信息的输入和理解； 就表达（说写）而言，教师要设置语言表达任务，让学生使用语言。在说和写的场景进行自由流畅的表达输出。 在语境中理解词汇的用法和意义 In addition to the risk of death from being pushed to their physical limits in competition, horses often suffer cruelty during training as well.Whipping (鞭打), used to make them run faster or to punish them, is sadly common. Moreover, if a horse is considered unfit for competition or too old, it is often put down. According to PETA, this is the fate(命运) of about 10,000 US horses each year. ---21世纪英语 除了在比赛中因被逼迫至身体极限而面临死亡风险外，马匹在训练过程中也常常遭受虐待。为了让它们跑得更快或惩罚它们而进行鞭打，这种情况令人痛心且屡见不鲜。此外，如果一匹马被认为不适合比赛或年纪太大，往往就会被安乐死。根据善待动物组织（PETA）的数据，每年约有 1 万匹美国赛马就是这样的命运。 语境理解词义--equal n.同等的人；相同物 Who among us does not value the satisfaction of achieving a goal, or finding ourselves the equal of a testing challenge ? 我们当中有谁不珍视实现目标时的满足感，________________________? 或是发现自己有能力应对艰巨挑战时的成就感呢？ finding ourselves the equal of a testing challenge自己的能力与挑战的难度是对等的。 广泛阅读----词汇只有在阅读中才是有意义的。 纳博科夫（Vladimir Nabokov）： “词语只有在上下文中才有生命，就像星星只有在夜空里才璀璨。阅读赋予词汇意义，如同天空赋予星星光芒。” 约瑟夫・康拉德（Joseph Conrad）： “词汇，在孤独中只是声音和符号的组合，但在阅读的怀抱里，它们成为了传递情感与思想的信使。” 课外阅读：21世纪中学生英语报 阅读总结： --Unit 3 DIVERSE CULTURES—Book3 —In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King. 瀑布的后面，你会发现一个洞穴，那是孙悟空的家。 —Really? Cool ! I’ll definitely check it out. 真的吗？太好了 ！ 世界这么大，我想去看看。 我一定会去看看的。 The world is so big that I want to check it out. ---Book3 Unit 3 DIVERSE CULTURES ◆check out 察看，观察（有趣的人或事物），此处也可以翻译成“打卡，看看”。 resourceful足智多谋的 Knull, who is training to become a full - time firefighter, demonstrates that bravery and resourcefulness are essential in any dangerous situation. 高考试题素材中的语言表达 素材中就会出现一些学生可能不太熟悉的语言表达方式。有些表达方式虽然使用的词汇并不是偏僻词汇或者陌生词汇，但学生不一定能够准确理解这些表达方式的含义。 另外，素材中很多单词是常用词汇，但这些词汇在具体语言中表达的意义可能与学生平时学习中接触的意义不太一致，也可能导致理解上的困难或者差错。 试题特征 新课标 II 卷A 篇阅读 skirt vt. 环绕...四周；位于...边缘 eatery n.餐馆；饮食店 常见词汇的非常见表达方式 试题特征 Hereford, Herefordshire Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you'll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It's also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. 2025新课标 II 卷B篇阅读 given. adj.特定的 disservice n.损害；伤害 常见词汇的非常见表达方式 试题特征 There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.” 2025新课标 II 卷C篇阅读 translate into...转化为；体现为 常见词汇的非常见表达方式 试题特征 “Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant - rich workplaces.” 这种积极效应（productivity ）也会转化到成年人的工作场所中。 新课标 II 卷 D 篇阅读第 7 行提到 “..... but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’professional experience translating the heady into the understandable”，其中 “heady” 是由 “head” 转变而成的形容词，可以表示 “（令人）兴奋的，任性的，性急的，顽固的，使人头晕的，令人陶醉的” 等意思。 试题特征 常见词汇的非常见表达方式 2024 根据语篇的上下文，这里的语义“但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔拥有二十多年的专业经验，能够将复杂难懂的内容转化为易于理解的内容。”此处的 “the heady” 指的是令人难以理解的复杂事情。这种真实地道的表达很难从现有的词典中找到相关的解释，英语教材也不可能保证覆盖该类词汇。要积累这样的地道表达，唯一的途径就是开展广泛的阅读。 教学实践中：总结归纳、拓展提高 知识系统化 compose 知识系统化 构词法记单词：insist 记忆 词汇教学策略 构词法记单词：mort- 构词法记单词：count 构词法记单词：-nov, neo, new 构词法记单词： sino 词汇复习策略RR:repetition and review 1.“死记硬背”（记忆基础词汇repetition） 2.加强阅读（增加词汇复现，一个地方见10遍，不如10个地方见一遍。） 3.看笔记 （研究词汇用法） 4.做习题 （理解应用，总结归纳） 5.小考小练（每日微测，强化记忆，对抗遗忘提高词汇的黏性与活性） 四、专项突破 “横向”专项限时训练 课堂限时练习高考真题，课后布置模拟题； 做好集中训练，做完整的一套试题练习。 听力、阅读、完型、语法填空、写作 专项 听力备考 突击强化！ 听力备考 《中国英语能力等级量表》CSE: China Standards of English，分为：“基础、提高和熟练”三个等级。 一二级大致对应小学水平，三级对应初中；四级对应高中，五六级对应大学；七级对应英语专业，八九级对应高端外语人才。 四级：能听懂语速正常、与个人兴趣相关的口头表达，如演讲、非专业性讲座、新闻报道等，语速约为 100-140 词 / 分钟，要根据语篇特征区分主要和次要信息，理解主要内容。能听懂话题熟悉的对话，理解说话者的观点和意图。 五级：能听懂语速正常、一般性话题的口头表达，获取要点和细节，明确其中的逻辑关系，如因果、转折、递进等，理解话语的基本文化内涵，语速为 100-140 词 / 分钟。在收听、观看一般性话题的广播影视节目时，能理解主要内容。 2025高考全国II卷听力 听力难度： 语速：平 均 语 速： 129 词 分（2025全国II卷） 146/分钟（2024 全国II卷） 130 词 /分钟（2023全国II卷） 录音稿总词数：录音稿总词数： 841 词（2025） 864 词（2024） 863 词（2023） 设题：事实细节题 16 题，推理判断题 2 题，观点态度题 1 题，主旨大意题 1 题。 难度：难度较 2024 年新高考卷约持平。 听力难度 一、听力话题覆盖面广，对话内容逻辑清晰、语言流畅。 二、词汇较难，文本难度增加，语法结构复杂。 三、无直接答案的情景，推断或归纳类试题增加，较容易的细节题则减少，而且多以同义转述形式出现；更难的是情景推断或归纳题中，个别还没有很清楚的线索。 话题 词数 语速(词/ 分 ) 考点 疑问词 Text 01 出行指路 32 138 事实细节 how Text 02 餐厅结账 27 156 事实细节 what Text 03 父女讨论购买电脑 40 156 主旨大意 what Text 04 新生见面介绍自己 30 119 事实细节 what Text 05 不小心损坏东西 34 124 事实细节 what Text 06 约会安排 79 116 事实细节*2 why/where Text 07 青少年使用手机的问题 116 135 事实细节、观点 态度 what*2 Text 08 夫妻讨论假期活动 125 138 推理判断、事实 细节*2 what*2、who Text 09 职员离职前与领导谈话 185 139 事实细节*3、推理判断 what*2、 when、who Text 10 暑期夏令营介绍 173 110 事实细节*4 who、which、 what*2 听力备考策略 设定目标分数：目标是动力（nothing is impossible） 指导练习方法：方法是保证（好的方法事半功倍） 坚持不懈练习：练习是基础 (三天不练耳生；辅导课精听，家庭作业自己听。 高一高二听单词，听课文) 持续练习---课堂教学与自我练习想结合 阅读原文---汲取知识。 研究材料---解锁语言点。 注意文化意识和背景知识渗透。 精听 拓宽学生听力视野，熟悉不同口音和语速。 泛听 精听泛听结合 泛听 精听 连读 Liaison; 略音Elision Focus Pause and repeat useful words, phrases or sentences . make notes in Enlish and speak it aloud 63 听力拓展训练 近年来听力越来越贴近实际生活，所以也要听一些生活中的语言运用，如英语新闻，雅思听力，影视片段，纪录短片等锻炼听力能力。 精听与泛听结合，精听体会发音，连音，略音。泛听掌握听力节奏，音调。最好是老师指导进行。 听力答题策略 1.听前--读题，熟悉题干和选项，预测语境 （听力当中有阅读） 2.听时--集中精力，听看想记， 寻找关键信息 （听力当中有书写） 3.听后--分析推理， 选择答案 阅读理解 聚焦命题特点 总结解题规律 2025全国II阅读理解 A篇 B篇 C篇 D篇 体裁 应用文 报道 说明文 说明文 次数 283 311 265 337 主题 英国集市小镇 医院学校教师Kathy Ho 室内植物 食物浪费，主题餐厅 能力考察 21-23 细节信息理解 24.细节信息理解 25.细节信息理解 26.推测代词含义 27.概括推理能力 28.细节信息理解 29.细节信息理解 30.概括和推理能 31.主旨概括归纳 32.概括和推理 33.细节信息理解 34.段落主旨归纳 35.细节理解 2025 II卷阅读理解 阅读能力 数量 题型 思维层次 1 具体信息 9 阅读 记忆；理解 2 推断单词或短语 1 阅读 记忆；理解 3 判断推理 3 阅读 分析 4 作者意图、观点和态度 0 阅读 分析；评价 5 主旨要义 2 阅读 分析；评价 6 理解文章基本逻辑衔接 5 七选五 分析 7 主旨要义、具体信息 1 读后续写 理解、创新 2024全国I卷、II卷阅读理解 阅读能力 数量 题型 思维层次 1 具体信息 9/9 阅读 记忆；理解 2 推断单词或短语 1/1 阅读 记忆；理解 3 判断推理 4/3 阅读 分析 4 作者意图、观点和态度 0/1 阅读 分析；评价 5 主旨要义 1/1 阅读 分析；评价 6 理解文章基本逻辑衔接 5 七选五 分析 7 主旨要义、具体信息 1 读后续写 理解、创新 阅读理解能力考察 理解“主旨要义” 把握“理解文中具体信息 ” 根据下文“推断单词和短语的含义” 根据所读内容做出“判断和推理” 理解文章的“基本结构” 理解“理解作者的意图，观点和态度” 文体包括： 记叙文、 议论文、 说明文和 应用文等。 阅读理解能力的培养 Gibson和Levin 他们认为：“阅读乃是从语篇中提取意义的过程”。 Downing和Leon把阅读的定义分为两类： 一类强调的是译码的过程，一类则强调意义的获得。 Anderson : 认为为阅读是把书上的字词与读者的背景知识和经历结合起来的过程。 什么是阅读？ 读者主体性 和 文本阐释多样性 图式理论（Schema Theory） 是认知心理学中的一个重要理论，主要探讨人类如何组织、存储和利用知识来理解世界和进行决策。 图式理论认为，人类的认知活动是通过图式来进行的，人们在理解新事物时，会将新信息与已有的图式进行匹配和整合。人们的记忆和理解受制于认知图式，即以过去经验为基础的心理框架。 根据图式阅读理论： 阅读理解就是读者被激活的相关图式和阅读材料之间的互动过程。 这一过程包含两个信息处理模式：自下而上模式和自上而下模式。 Harmer:阅读理解的两种信息处理模式 Top-down: look at a forest （结构图式+内容图式） 运用一定量的信息来预测语言的结构，不是十分精确的感知、理解、领悟语言的过程。读者在阅读时，材料的标题、插图、某一个词一句话都能激活读者头脑中的相关知识，预测-证实/推翻。如果他们的图式能让他们对即将遇到的事物有恰当的期望，这会有很大的帮助。 Bottom-up ：study the individual trees（语言图式+内容图式） 词-句-篇，由小到大的语言单位的解译过程。是一种知识性阅读，其注意力放在识别和辨认课文中的词、句、语法或衔接手段之类的东西等表层结构和意义特征上，并通过将这些详细的元素串联在一起以构建一个整体来实现理解。 Swimming Pool Terror A lifeguard has been watching the swimming pool all day and he’s fed up. There’s one boy who’s been getting into trouble all day.The lifeguard has told him many times to stop behaving badly, but the boy just ignores him. Eventually, the lifeguard calls over the mother. “Please, would you mind telling your child to stop going to the toilet in the pool.” “Look,” the woman begins. “Everyone knows that from time to time, young children do that kind of thing in a pool. I don’t think we should draw too much attention to it. It’s perfectly normal.” “Normal? Oh really?” says the lifeguard, “from the diving board?” Reading game How to understand the phrase “from the diving board?” ？ In metaphorical terms , this is the difference between looking at a forest , or , instead, studying the individual trees within it. 在隐喻的语境中，“看一片森林” 与 “研究森林中的每一棵树” 存在着显著的差异。 It is probably most useful to see acts of reading as interactions between top-down and bottom-up processing. Sometimes it is the individual details that help us understand the whole; sometimes it is our overview that allows us to process thge details . 将阅读行为视为自上而下和自下而上处理过程之间的相互作用可能是最有用的。有时是个别细节帮助我们理解整体；有时是我们的概述使我们能够处理细节。 ——Harmer Interactive mode互动模式 在任何层面的阅读中，两种模式都可以同时出现。当读者由于缺乏某一方面的知识而不能对阅读内容达成理解时，读者自然会依赖，借助其他方面的知识来克服阅读过程中遇到的障碍或困难。（词汇；衔接；语篇甚至是语法） 阅读不是单向的，被动的信息接受，而是双向主动的加工，处理信息的互动过程。 读者不仅阅读文字本身所包含的信息，还利用自己原先所有的有关背景知识帮助阅读。此外，读者在阅读中还要同时运用多种技能，低层面的技能（识别字母和词等），又需要高层面上的知识（普通常识和对主题的理解），只有二者兼备才能理解一篇文章。（既要有语言图式理又要有内容图式） 教学启示：top-down and bottom-up In Chinese traditional architecture, a skywell is an open courtyard or well-like space usually located at the heart of a building or group of buildings. 36 Their designs often feature the classic Chinese dou gong overhangs (飞檐) to provide shade and collect water into a central basin. Chinese skywells are so effective in cooling homes because they can control natural airing. Cool air is drawn into the building from the lower levels, and warm air escapes and rises through the upper levels. 37 The skywell’s layout and construction materials also help in thermal (热量的) regulation. During the day, the courtyard absorbs heat from the sun, acting as a thermal mass. 38 This day-night cycle helps maintain a balanced and consistent temperature indoors. Most traditional skywells include water features, such as fountains or ponds. A recent study has shown that the most significant part of a skywell’s cooling effect comes from these water bodies. 39 As water evaporates (蒸发) from these features, it absorbs heat from the surrounding air. This reduces the temperature within the courtyard and surrounding rooms. 40 One fitting example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in Jinan, an 18-storey building that has a giant open space at its heart from the fifth floor to the top floor. The toilets, elevators, and meeting rooms surround this space. This enhances natural airing and natural energy consumption, according to the Shanghai-based CCDI Group. 下定义 冷 却 保 温 水系特征 至今仍然在建筑中利用古人智慧 A. This promotes fresh air flow, especially during hot summer days. B. It is often a square surrounded by the building’s rooms and wings. C. This cooling was disadvantageous in regions with hot and dry climates. D. It’s probably why temperatures around them are 2.6℃ to 4.2℃ lower. E. These wonders continue to inspire architects to seek sustainable solutions. F. The magic of skywells stands as witnesses to the wisdom of ancient builders. G. The stored heat is gradually released as the outdoor temperature drops at night. BAGDF 图式理论在英语阅读教学中具有重要作用 我们要教语言；讲内容；分析语篇 教学启发： 语言图式 内容图式 结构图式 语言 内容 形式 语言图示---衔接手段 I conducted a study with language expert Kristen D’Alessandro to document Spanish - origin calques in the English spoken in South Florida. There were literal lexical calques, a direct, word - for - word translation. For example, we found people used expressions such as “get down from the car” instead of “get out of the car.” We also found semantic calques, or “loan” translations. In Spanish, carne, which translates as “meat,” can refer to all meat or beef, a specific kind of meat. And then there were phonetic calques, or the translation of certain sounds. What contribution has the author made with Merii? A. Discovering calques. B. Redefining calques. C. Categorizing calques. D. Popularizing calques calque /kælk/仿译词”“直译词” literal 完全按照原文的 内容图式---seeking warmth 寻找温暖 DCBC 语篇图式在说明文阅读理解中的应用 文体特征：结构清晰，逻辑性强 2025年新高考II卷C篇 植物对人类的积极影响 设题规律 考查学生对语篇的整体理解能力及细节信息提取和理解能力。 说明文命题特点 分析语篇图示，使文章信息结构化 语篇结构图示： 总分式(包括总分、总分总)、并列式、连贯式、递进式、对照式等。 寻找题关键词。 密切关注衔接手段。(深度理解隐含之意) 语篇图式在说明文阅读理解中的应用 说明文解题策略 C B A 文章围绕室内植物（houseplants ）这一话题展开，通过讲述 Sonja Detrinidad 线上卖室内植物成功的案例引入，接着引用研究人员 Dr. Melinda Knuth 的观点和研究，阐述室内植物对人们身心健康、学习和工作表现等方面的积极影响，最后还给出了养植物的建议。 语篇结构图使文本信息更直观，同时也可以从命题视角预测出题考查点包含： 细节内容和概括段落信息（选择标题。） houseplants Psychological and Emotional Aspect Academic and Workplace Performance Aspect 1. 分析语篇图式，使信息结构化 Practical Advice for Plant - keeping 2025全国二卷 C 2025全国二卷 C When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. “Plants are in fashion right now,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida. “People who live in plant - rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating,” she says. “Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body. “Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant - rich workplaces.” If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one,” Detrinidad says. 2025全国二卷 C 28.How was Detrinidad’s business when it started? A. It faced tough competition. B. It suffered a great loss. C. It got lots of financial support. D. It went surprisingly well. 29.What is one of Knuth’s findings about plants? A. They appeal more to students. B. They purify the environment. C. They raise the cortisol level. D. They enhance productivity. 30.What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers? A. The necessity of social skills. B. The meaning of sustainability. C. The importance of repeated efforts. D. The value of professional opinions. 31.What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Time to Replace Houseplants B. Plants Boost Your Mood C. Tips on Choosing Houseplants D. Plants Brighten Your Home 2020全国二卷 B 25. What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment? A . Parents’ age. B. Children’s imagination . C. Parents’ education. D. Child-parent relationship 原文： Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知)after controlling for differences in parents’ income , education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said. controlling for : take into account考虑（可能影响实验结果的外部因素） Levine说在考虑到父母的收入情况，受教育程度，（与子女）谈话次数的差异后，她发现拼图游戏是（发展）认知能力的一个重要预测因素。 解题策略：寻找题干关键词 2024全国甲 B 25.How does a pet cat assess different situations? （第2段） A. By listening for sounds. B. By touching familiar objects. C. By checking on smells. D. By communicating with other cats. Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax. However, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future. That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like. 解题策略：密切关注衔接手段 2024全国II D In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. 32. What does the phrase "In the wrong hands" in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill - intentioned. C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic. When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. 28.How was Detrinidad’s business when it started? A. It faced tough competition. B. It suffered a great loss. C. It got lots of financial support. D. It went surprisingly well. 解题策略：密切关注衔接手段 2025全国II C Foodwaste wastED data 1. 分析语篇图式，使信息结构化 说明文，文章借个人感受引入食物浪费话题，以纽约一餐厅短期实验为例，用数据等说明餐饮浪费现状与实验对减少浪费的创新实践，强调该实验虽短，却启示人们以多样方式应对可持续问题，并探讨了减少事物浪费的创新方法。 ingredients conclusion 2025全国II D Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food? Mine does. Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing. But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu to exclusively （专门）offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad.Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1, 000 in revenue（收入）, and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out. Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients （配料） used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 32.What can be inferred about the author’s early life? A. He witnessed food shortage. B. He enjoyed the local cuisine. C. He donated food to Africans. D. He helped to cook at home. 33.Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment? A. To customize dishes for guests. B. To make the public aware of food waste. C. To test a food processing method. D. To improve the UK’s zero - waste systems. 34.What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Why the ingredients were used. B. Which dishes were best liked. C. What the dishes were made of. D. Where the ingredients were bought. 35.What can we learn about wastED? A. It has ended as planned. B. It is creating new jobs. C. It has regained popularity. D. It is criticized by top chefs. 影响阅读能力的因素？ 词 汇：（深度和广度；语言学家认为：自主阅读 ，语篇词汇 ≧ 90%-95%。） 语法知识：对理解长难句造成障碍 阅读策略：（ 阅读技巧、理解文章结构、理解逻辑关系、分清事实与观点、 把握时空顺序） 图 式：相当于背景知识（语言，内容，语篇结构） 语篇意识： 语篇结构把握。 阅读模式选择（top-down;bottom-up; interaction） 衔接与连贯（如何在语篇中解码词义，服务语篇） 语篇 语篇是表达意义的语言单位。就其长度而言，较短的语篇可以使一句话甚至一个单词，而较长的语篇可以使一本书甚至几本书 。 课程标准——P26 语篇知识 课程标准——P26 微观组织结构——句子信息展开方式 一、线性顺序展开 1.时间顺序 按照事件发生的先后顺序来组织句子信息。例如： First, she woke up early in the morning. Then, she had a quick breakfast. After that, she went to school. 这种方式常用于记叙文，能够清晰地呈现事件发展的脉络，使读者或听者容易理解故事的进程。 2.逻辑顺序 因果关系 Tom was late for school because he got up late. 递进关系 通过使用一些表示递进的词汇，如“moreover”“furthermore”“in addition”等来增 加信息的层次。 She is not only beautiful, but also intelligent. Moreover, she is very kind - hearted. 对比关系 ，正反对比将事物的正面和反面特征或者两种相反的情况进行对比。 Some people like living in the city, while others prefer the countryside. 让步关系 While it was raining, he still went out for a run. Child as he is , he knows a lot. Thank you all the same. 尽管如此, 还是要谢谢你。 He’s not very reliable , but I like him just the same. 他不太靠谱，但我还是喜欢他。 This product does have some drawbacks. That said, its advantages are still very obvious. 这个产品确实有一些缺点，话虽如此，但它的优点仍然非常明显。 微观组织结构——句子信息展开方式 二、通过修饰成分展开 形容词和副词修饰 形容词用来修饰名词，副词用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。例如： The beautiful girl ran quickly. 介词短语修饰 介词短语可以用来表示地点、时间、方式等信息。 三、从句展开 名词性从句；定语从句；状语从句 Tom was late for school due to the fact that he got up late. Tom was late for school because he got up late. 微观组织结构——句子信息展开方式 华大联考3月试题 Earlier this month, some foreign media outlets highly praised Na Zha 2 for “redefining the heights of China’s film industry” while some Hollywood producers, after watching the film,____________（express）hopes for more cooperation with their Chiese counterparts. 本月早些时候，一些外国媒体高度赞扬这部电影 “重新定义了中国电影产业的高度”；而一些好莱坞制·片人在观看这部电影后，表达了与中国同行展开更多合作的期望。 expressed 语篇知识内容要求 课程标准—28 （一）语篇中的信息组织方式（句、段衔接方式） 一、时间顺序 二、空间顺序 三、逻辑顺序：总分式（总分、总分总、分总）；并列式；递进式 In ancient times Later Reaching out across the sea The Ming Dynasty （选必四） Today （二）语法结构在组织语篇中的作用 如通过使用被动语态或调整主从复合句中主句和从句的位置，在句子中合理安排重要信息的位置，以提高语篇的连贯性； 萨勒克的山脉曾经被巨大的冰层覆盖。大约在9000年前，这些冰融化了，留下了大约100条冰川。不久之后，驯鹿来 到这里。在驯鹿之后来的是萨米人，他们在这片土地上安家落户。 （Unit3 FANSINATING PARKS 选必一 ） Sarek’s mountains used to be covered by vast sheets of ice. Around 9, 000 years ago, this ice melted, leaving behind about 100 glaciers. Soon after, reindeer began to arrive. ________________________________________________________________________ Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home. 倒装句 Also of primary note is a collection of nearly 100 bronze objects from the Shang Dynasty . 同样十分重要的(看点)是一组近百件商代青铜器藏品。 Unit 2 Travelling Around—Book 1 After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. Especially amazing is the Incas’ stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。尤其令人 称奇的事印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的 尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。 （三）语篇意识 在英语阅读中，语篇意识是指读者对整个英语语篇的整体理解、把握和感知能力。它超越了对单个单词和句子的理解，强调从宏观角度看待语篇的结构、意义及各部分之间的关联。 结构的识别 连贯性的把握 对英语阅读的重要性 语篇 语篇 语篇意识 narrative essay 记叙性文章 descriptive essay 描述性文章 expository essay 说明性文章 argumentative essay 议论性文章 applied essay 应用文 （四）语篇结构的识别---语篇类型 不同体裁的语篇有其特定的结构模式 记叙文通常按照事件发展的时间顺序展开，包括起因、经过、结果等要素； 描述文 描述文是一种以生动、具体、形象的语言，通过调动读者感官（视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉、触觉）或呈现细节，来还原人、事、物、景、环境的特征、状态或氛围的文体。其核心目的不是简单 “告知信息”，而是让读者通过文字 “身临其境”，在脑海中构建清晰的画面、感知特定的情感或理解事物的独特性。 议论文则一般遵循提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的结构。 说明文以说明为主要表达方式，用来介绍或解释事物，其结构为“总分；总分总；并列；递进等。 了解语篇的体裁结构，有助于预期信息的组织方式，把握语篇的连贯性； 1.分析篇章结构：时间顺序；空间顺序 ；逻辑顺序（总分 ；并列 ；递进） 2.分析衔接与连贯的手段： 胡壮麟：语篇分析对于提升阅读理解具有重要意义，而语篇衔接理论是语篇分析中重要的理论之一，语篇中处处离不开衔接手段，因此掌握恰达的语篇衔接知识，能够帮助学生更好的把握语篇中各个语义单位间的关系，从而可以快速而准确地理解语篇，提高解题效率和正确率。 课程标准：一个语篇如果是有意义的，可接受的，那么无论在语义、词汇还是句法等层面上，他都能表现出一定的衔接。 （五）语篇连贯性的把握 通过衔接手段的理解，加深对文章的理解（特别是理解文章的隐含之意） 语篇意识能帮助读者理解句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系。例如，通过连接词（如 “but” 表示转折，“because” 表示因果等），读者可以清晰地把握文章的逻辑脉络。 凭借语篇意识，读者可以根据文章的结构和连贯性推断出隐含意义。 语篇意识对英语阅读的重要性 语篇意识---衔接手段 I conducted a study with language expert Kristen D’Alessandro to document Spanish - origin calques in the English spoken in South Florida. There were literal lexical calques, a direct, word - for - word translation. For example, we found people used expressions such as “get down from the car” instead of “get out of the car.” We also found semantic calques, or “loan” translations. In Spanish, carne, which translates as “meat,” can refer to all meat or beef, a specific kind of meat. And then there were phonetic calques, or the translation of certain sounds. What contribution has the author made with Merii? A. Discovering calques. B. Redefining calques. C. Categorizing calques. D. Popularizing calques calque /kælk/仿译词”“直译词” literal 完全按照原文的 45怎样确定？ However, occasional vision disturbance was still present 43 , influencing the amount of energy 44 she could give to the course. Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. It’s particularly 45 because it seemed to ruin 46 her optimism to be a painter! 43. A. present B. unnoticed C. unusual D. strange 44. A. credit B. energy C. instruction D. donation 45. A. disappointing B. exciting C. inspiring D. depressing 46. A. ruin B. boost C. spread D. express Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. 35.What can we learn about wastED? A. It has ended as planned. B. It is creating new jobs. C. It has regained popularity. D. It is criticized by top chefs. 2025全国II卷D (深度理解隐含之意) (深度理解隐含之意) 39 Nevertheless ，not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resouces, higher rankings and increased enrolments. 尽管如此，除非优质教学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和更多入学人数的奖励，否则不会有太大改变。 C. Quality teaching has been a s important reputaion-building factor. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. 2023 北京卷 E Nevertheless（尽管如此）是一个表示转折的连接词，强调让步后的转折。 She was tired; nevertheless, she stayed up to finish the work. （尽管她很累，还是熬夜完成了工作。→ 强调 “累” 与 “坚持工作” 的对比。） (深度理解隐含之意) 26.Which best explains the phrase "take... up a notch" in paragraph 3? A. Perform appropriately. B. Move faster. C. Act strangely. D. Do better. 原文 Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch. Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators (食肉动物). Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing it. notch表示 “等级、档次” 的含义，“take sth. up a notch” 指 “将某物 / 某事在程度、水平或效果上提升一个层级 2024 全国甲卷 D 加深对文章的理解 In 2008, amateur fossil hunter Karl was walking near his home in Taranaki, New Zealand, when he spotted a huge claw stickinig out from a rock. Upon closer inspection, he relized it was attached to a massive , perfectly preserved crab. Karl , amusician who also runs a fossil-themed YouTube channel, kept searching the castline, and ten years later, he found another, similarly intact, enormous crab. He decided to donate both to the Museum of New Zealand. 语篇意识对英语阅读的重要性 24.What does the underlined word “intact”in paragraph 2 probably mean ? A. Colorful. B. Complete. C. Poisonous. D. Frightening. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos（灯草鹀）, another bird, found the same pattern. 37 语篇意识对英语阅读的重要性 G. Similar trends are seen in mammals, with species of mice and bats evolving bigger ears, legs and wings. Recently , as I reflected on my anger at the mudroom chaos, it occurred to me that in a few years, after my son has ___52___, and left home , the chaos will disappear. It’ll make me sad.___53____, I have to change my mind.I now try to accept the mess because each day that I see that collection of gooods means that my house is full of love ,energy and a sense of home. 52. A.turned up B. grown up C. broken down D. settled down 53. A.However B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Therefore 语篇意识对英语阅读的重要性 The road leading up the mountain was quite 42 .Though it had been improved many times , it remained rough , with potholes, and sharp rocks that could damage you car if you hit them 43 . If it rained , you would have to drive quickly to avoid getting your car stuck in the mud. 42. A. uneven B. long C. inaccessible D. muddy 43. A. intentionally B.alone C. secretly D. wrong 语篇意识对英语阅读的重要性 A 这里既要关注句子间结构，也要关注 句子Though...， it remained rough,... 内部结构。 The price of fashion — economically and environmentally — has led to the rise of ___56 a___ new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer ___57times___ (time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. “I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead ___58___ the fact that they have something unique to wear ___59and___ are not overstuffing their own wardrobes(衣柜) or contributing to landfill.” on 2025浙江1月语法填空 语篇意识对英语阅读的重要性 2025 浙江1月 语言运用能力：扩大词汇理解 ，扫清词汇障碍； 语篇理解能力：把握语篇衔接与连贯，分析语篇情节线与情感线； 图式内容储备：广泛阅读，提升人文素养和文化意识； 完型填空备考策略 Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to   41   seven years ago after having a   42   call. She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which   43   led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a   44   . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a   45   lifestyle, before discovering a   46   for weightlifting. Since setting out on the journey, the   47   lover has not only managed to   48   an impressive set of muscles-but also a huge following on social media. The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there's no   49   others can't look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects. “Hold on: Consider failure as a   50   to success and never give up. Stick to your plan, ” she said. “   51   others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when   52   . ”She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise . . . the   53   is to feel good, not look good. ” Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the   54   wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an   55   or many social media users. 解题策略：词汇+语篇（同义） Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to   41   seven years ago after having a   42   call. She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which   43   led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a   44   . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a   45   lifestyle, before discovering a   46   for weightlifting. 41. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recover 42. A. goodwill B. timeout C. long-distance D. wake-up 43. A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically 44. A. change B. fortune C. wish D. deal 45. A. risky B. traditional C. comfortable D. healthy 46. A. demand B. secret C. passion D. cure wake-up call叫早电话；让人惊醒的事 passion 酷爱；热中的爱好 Unit 2 Healthy lifestyle—Book3选必 Since setting out on the journey, the   47   lover has not only managed to   48   an impressive set of muscles-but also a huge following on social media. The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there's no   49   others can't look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects. 47. A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature 48. A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax 49. A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference 解题策略：词汇（词块）+图式 there is no reason why... There is no reason that... be down to...由...引起（造成）（=result from） 这位深受喜爱的奶奶经常发布健身内容，并表示其他人没有理由不能拥有这样好的状态。她称这一切都归功于几个关键因素。 One day, after a stress-filled phone 41 , I hung up the phone, put my head down on my desk, and let out a huge, 42 sigh (叹气). It was more like a tear-filled complaint. My coworker, Joyce, stepped away from her work and 43 her chair next to mine. “What’s going on?”she asked. 41．A．bargain B．conversation C．confirmation D．reservation 42．A．weepy B．relieved C．luxurious D．regretful 43．A．lifted B．shook C．rolled D．unfolded 解题策略：内容图式---rolled her chair 推动椅子 Since setting out on the journey, the   47   lover has not only managed to   48   an impressive set of muscles-but also a huge following on social media. The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there's no   49   others can't look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects. “Hold on: Consider failure as a   50   to success and never give up. Stick to your plan, ” she said. “   51   others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when   52   . ” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise . . . the   53   is to feel good, not look good. ” 47. A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature 48. A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax 49. A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference 50. A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone 51. A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive 52. A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated 53. A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost 解题策略：语篇+词汇 lift sb up 使高兴起来 “Hold on: Consider failure as a   50   to success and never give up. Stick to your plan, ” she said. “   51   others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when   52   . ” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise . . . the   53   is to feel good, not look good. ” Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the   54   wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an   55   or many social media users. 50. A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone 51. A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive 52. A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated 53. A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost 54. A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters 55. A. authority B. excuse C. inspiration D. option 解题策略：语篇+语法 when shared =when it is shared 完型填空解题策略 一读全文，把握主线，能填就填 确定全文中心和主线，避免只见树木，不见森林 二读全文，修正主线，斟酌推敲 利用文章前后逻辑关系把握情节线和情感线，确定答案 三读全文，确定主线，不能填也得填 把握主线，三步完成 （10分钟） P1 Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a 42 call. She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46 for weightlifting. P2 Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive set of muscles---but also a huge following on social media. P3 The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there's no 49 others can't look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects. P4 “Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan, ” she said. “ 51 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52 . ”She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise . . . the 53 is to feel good, not look good. ” P5 Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 for many social media users. 语言运用能力：基本词汇、短语； 语法运用能力：熟练掌握基本语法； 语篇理解能力：把握语篇语义与语篇衔接与连贯手段； 语法填空备考策略 语法填空 考察内容 2024全国II 2024全国I 从句 56.where（定语从句） 56.who（定语从句） 64.who/that(定语从句) 分词 65.left 60.inspired 64.recallinig 59.（stays）colsed 不定式 62.to discover 63.to find 58.to give 时态、语态 61.is 58.were; 61.was built 词类转换 57.center-central 63.absence-absent 60.I-myself 62.visibility 56.engineering 57.functional 数 64.afternoons 57.themes 60.walks（第三人称单数） 62.favorites 65.richness 介、代、连、冠 58.for 59.and 59.to 60.and 61.the 语块 59.be simiar to 63.(stand) as $