精品解析：上海市杨浦区中原中学2025-2026学年高一年级(下)英语学科期中测试试卷

中原中学高一年级（下）英语学科期中测试 考生注意： 1. 考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3. 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。 Ⅰ. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Understanding the Closeness-Communication Bias (亲近沟通偏差) Most of us assume that we communicate better with our friends and family members ____1____ we do with strangers. However, it is often the case that the closer we are to somebody, the less likely we are to listen carefully to them. This phenomenon is called closeness-communication bias, and it has been known ____2____ (cause) serious damage to personal relationships. The reason ____3____ many people unconsciously “tune out” their family members or close friends is that they think they already know what the other person is going to say. It’s similar to the way in which you might not notice signs, landmarks, or scenery on a path you ____4____ (travel) down numerous times. Researchers have, repeatedly demonstrated closeness-communication bias in experiments. In one such study, participants ____5____ (group) with friends or spouses, followed by being, grouped with complete strangers. Researchers then asked the participants to interpret ____6____ their friends and spouses were saying to them. In the majority of cases, although most participants assumed they would better understand those they were close to, they actually understood them no better than strangers. In some cases, they understood their close friends and spouses even ____7____ (little). Another study showed that people are more likely to share their most worrisome troubles with people they were less close to rather than with their spouses or close friends. When ____8____ (open) up to strangers, people are able to avoid judgment and prevent creating unnecessary conflict within their close relationships. Unfortunately the closeness-communication bias is a reality that most people live with ____9____ they know it or not. Not only does this prevent people from listening to those they love, but it also means their loved ____10____ aren’t listening to them, either. 【答案】1. than 2. to cause 3. why 4. have travelled##have traveled 5. were grouped 6. what 7. less 8. opening 9. whether 10. ones 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了亲近沟通偏差现象及其对人际关系的影响。 【1题详解】 考查连词。句意：我们大多数人都认为，与陌生人相比，我们与朋友和家人的沟通更好。根据句意可知，此处是在对比与朋友和家人沟通与和陌生人沟通的情况，所以空处需用连词than表示比较。 【2题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：这种现象被称为亲近沟通偏差，据悉它会对人际关系造成严重损害。be known to do sth. “据悉/众所周知做某事”，固定搭配，所以空处需用动词不定式作主语补足语。 【3题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：许多人无意识地“不理会”他们的家人或亲密朋友的原因是，他们认为自己已经知道对方要说什么了。空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是reason，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语，所以空处需用关系副词why引导定语从句。 【4题详解】 考查时态。句意：这类似于你在一条走了很多次的小路上可能不会注意到路标、地标或风景的方式。根据句意可知，此处表示过去到现在已经走了很多次，所以空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/has done，主语是第二人称you，所以助动词需用have，travel的过去式为travelled/traveled。 【5题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在一项这样的研究中，参与者与朋友或配偶分组，然后与完全陌生的人分组。根据句意可知，陈述过去发生的事情，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，participants与group之间为被动关系，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是复数participants，所以be动词需用were。 【6题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：然后，研究人员要求参与者解释他们的朋友和配偶对他们说的话。空处需用连接词引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，表示说的具体内容，所以空处需用连接代词what引导宾语从句。 【7题详解】 考查比较级。句意：在某些情况下，他们甚至更不理解他们的亲密朋友和配偶。even修饰比较级，加强语气，所以空处需用little的比较级less。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当向陌生人敞开心扉时，人们能够避免评判，并防止在亲密关系中产生不必要的冲突。本句为when引导时间状语从句的省略，从句主语与主句主语一致，且含有be动词，完整结构为：When people are opening up to strangers；省略主语+be动词，填入现在分词形式opening。 【9题详解】 考查连词。句意：不幸的是，无论人们是否知道，亲近沟通偏差是大多数人都必须面对的现实。根据空后they know it or not可知，此处需用连词whether…or…“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。 【10题详解】 考查代词。句意：这不仅阻止了人们倾听他们所爱的人，而且也意味着他们所爱的人也不听他们的。根据空前their可知，空处需用代词ones指代前文提到的people，表示他们所爱的人。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. recycled B. advanced C. challenging D. protection E. productive F. establishing G. separation H. resupply I. controlled J. progress K. transporting Growing Food in 3D-printed Greenhouses to Feed Astronauts Space is dangerous, almost unimaginably so. But technological ___11___ has allowed people to explore this extremely deadly environment for decades. Within the ___12___ of a space station, astronauts have enough air, food and water to complete missions of a year or longer, safely. The International Space Station can go for months without a(n) ___13___. But missions to further reaches of space are a different matter altogether. It now seems that ___14___ a base on the moon or sending humans to Mars is just on the horizon. That can only happen if new and completely reliable ways are developed to provide humans with enough air, water and food. One company, Interstellar Labs, believes they have created a system that can solve the food problem. They have developed a(n) ___15___, self-sustaining system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space. They call their artificial intelligence (AI) managed greenhouses BioPods, and they are designed to be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BioPods reduce the amount of land and water needed to produce food by 99 percent. That is not an impossible claim. BioPods don’t use any soil to grow plants, and the vast majority of water is continuously ___16___. According to Interstellar Labs, BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more ___17___ than traditionally grown plants, using much less water. The conditions inside of a BioPod are ___18___ by AI, which can change anything from the lighting to the temperature to maximize growth. This creates ideal growing conditions no matter what the environment is outside, including the emptiness of space. The BioPods themselves can be built in almost any environment, too. The pod’s structure is made with a 3D printer using raw materials in liquid form. This means that a BioPod could be built right on the surface of the moon or Mars, making ___19___ a large structure unnecessary. Like most technology developed for space exploration, BioPods can also be used on Earth to provide highly efficient food production systems even in the most ___20___ environments. 【答案】11. J 12. D 13. H 14. F 15. B 16. A 17. E 18. I 19. K 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍Interstellar Labs公司研发的AI调控3D打印BioPod温室系统，可高效、自给自足种植植物，适配太空及地球极端环境，助力太空探索。 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：但技术的进步使得人们能够在几十年的时间里深入探索这个极其危险的环境。根据“has allowed people to explore this extremely deadly environment for decades”以及句意“进步”可知应填名词progress，作主语。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：在空间站的保护之下，宇航员能够获得充足的空气、食物和水，从而能够安全地完成长达一年或更长时间的任务。根据“astronauts have enough air, food and water to complete missions of a year or longer, safely”以及句意“保护”可知应填名词protection，作宾语。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：国际空间站在数月内无需进行补给也能正常运行。根据“The International Space Station can go for months”以及句意“补给”可知应填名词resupply，作宾语。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：现在看来，在月球上建立基地或者将人类送上火星似乎已指日可待。根据“a base on the moon”以及句意“建立”可知应填动名词establishing，作主语。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们已经研发出了一种先进的、能够自我维持的系统，该系统能够在任何地方种植植物，甚至在太空中也能如此。根据“self-sustaining system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space”以及句意“先进的”可知应填形容词advanced，作定语修饰名词system。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：BioPod不使用任何土壤来种植植物，而且绝大部分的水都是不断循环利用的。根据“BioPods don’t use any soil to grow plants”以及句意“循环利用的”可知应填形容词recycled，作表语。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：据Interstellar Labs称，通过BioPod培育的植物的产量是传统种植植物的300倍之多，而且用水量却少得多。根据“BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more”以及句意“多产的”可知应填形容词productive，作表语。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：BioPod内的环境是由人工智能控制的，它能够调整从光线到温度等一切因素，以促进植物的最大化生长。根据“by AI, which can change anything from the lighting to the temperature to maximize growth”以及句意“控制”可知应填动词control，与主语构成被动关系，结合上文are可知为一般现在时的被动语态。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：这意味着BioPod可以直接建造在月球或火星的表面，从而无需进行大型结构的运输工作。根据“This means that a BioPod could be built right on the surface of the moon or Mars”以及句意“运输”可知应填transporting，动名词作宾语。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：和大多数为太空探索而研发的技术一样，BioPod也可在地球上投入使用，即便在环境最严苛的地区，也能提供高效的粮食生产体系。根据“BioPods can also be used on Earth to provide highly efficient food production systems even in the most”以及句意“最严苛的”可知应填形容词challenging，修饰名词environments作定语。 Section C Directions: Choose a proper word from the box to complete each sentence. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. flexible B. generous C. signal D. measure E. impression F. achievement 21. An artist’s true ______ often lies not just in mastering a technique, but in developing a unique style that is recognized and remembered. 22. The teacher was ______ with her help and stayed after school to explain the math problems again. 23. To ______ for immediate quiet, the teacher often chooses to raise a hand — a more respectful and attention-getting strategy than shouting over the noise. 24. One way to ______ the depth of a community’s customs is to see how they adapt to modern life while preserving their core values. 25. A(n) ______ study schedule allows high school students to balance their academic workload with personal interests. 【答案】21. F 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 【解析】 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：一位艺术家真正的成就往往不仅在于掌握一门技巧，更在于形成一种被认可、被记住的独特风格。空处前面有形容词true修饰，需要填入名词；结合“not just in mastering a technique, but in developing a unique style that is recognized and remembered”可知，此处表示艺术家真正的成果与收获，achievement“成就”符合，对应选项F。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这位老师乐于助人、十分慷慨，放学后留下来再次讲解数学难题。空处位于be动词was之后，需要填入形容词作表语；根据后文“stayed after school to explain the math problems again”可知老师热心付出，generous“慷慨的，大方的”符合，对应选项B。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：为了示意大家立刻安静，老师通常会举手——这是一种比大声呵斥更礼貌、更能吸引注意力的方式。空前有不定式符号To，需要填入动词原形；结合后文“raise a hand”可知举手是用来示意、发出信号，signal“示意，发信号”符合，对应选项C。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：衡量一个社区风俗底蕴的一种方法，就是看它们能否在保留核心价值观的同时适应现代生活。空前有to，需要填入动词原形；结合后文“the depth of a community’s customs”可知此处表示衡量、评判风俗深度，measure“衡量，评估”符合，对应选项D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：灵活的学习时间表能够让高中生平衡学业压力与个人兴趣。空处修饰后面的名词study schedule，需要填入形容词作定语；结合后文“balance their academic workload with personal interests”可知时间表需要灵活可调，flexible“灵活的”符合，对应选项A。 Directions: Choose a proper word from the box to complete each sentence. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. limit B. negative C. indicate D. application E. professional F. survive 26. The birds’ sudden change in direction may ______ an approaching storm, reminding the hikers to seek shelter. 27. As we know, ______ language learning requires understanding both the language itself and the culture that shapes its use. 28. The daily ______ of these simple breathing techniques can significantly reduce stress and improve overall mental well-being. 29. Eating too much processed food can have a(n) ______ effect on your long-term health. 30. The only real ______ to your success is often the story you tell yourself about what you cannot achieve. 【答案】26. C 27. E 28. D 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：鸟儿突然改变方向可能预示着暴风雨即将来临，提醒徒步者寻找躲避处。空前情态动词may后接动词原形，结合后文“an approaching storm”可知，鸟类行为变化能够预示天气情况，indicate“表明；预示”符合，对应选项C。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：众所周知，专业的语言学习不仅需要了解语言本身，还要了解影响语言使用的文化。空处修饰名词短语language learning，需用形容词作定语，结合句意，此处形容正规、专业的语言学习，professional“专业的”符合，对应选项E。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：日常运用这些简单的呼吸技巧能够有效减压，改善整体心理健康状况。空前有定冠词The和形容词daily修饰，空处需填名词，结合后文“breathing techniques”可知，此处指日常使用、运用技巧，application“应用；运用”符合，对应选项D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：食用过多加工食品会对你的长期健康产生负面影响。空前有不定冠词，空后有名词effect，需用形容词修饰名词，结合常识可知加工食品对健康有害，negative“负面的；有害的”符合，对应选项B。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：阻碍你成功的唯一真正障碍，往往是你内心认定自己做不到的固有想法。空前有形容词real修饰，空处需填名词，结合句意可知，此处指成功的阻碍、限制条件，limit“限制；阻碍”符合，对应选项A。 Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. When someone suffers a heart attack, every moment is essential. Having someone nearby who knows CPR (心肺复苏) or how to use an AED (自动体外除颤器) can ____31____ that person’s chances of pulling through. Why shouldn’t that someone be you? Life-saving skills like CPR and the knowledge of how to use an AED aren’t hard to ____32____. In fact, CPR/AED classes take just a few hours. Being ____33____ with these skills can enable you to act quickly and effectively. What exactly is CPR? It’s a technique that ____34____ pushing hard on the chest and giving rescue breaths. This helps a person who has stopped breathing or whose heart has stopped beating — often during a heart attack, when blood flow to the heart is ____35____. CPR keeps blood flowing to vital organs until medical help arrives. Knowing how to use an AED is another critical skill. These small devices deliver an electric shock to the heart to help it beat ____36____ again during a sudden heart stop. The machines are designed to be user-friendly with clear instructions so even ____37____ individuals can operate them. CPR and AED training ____38____ not only the individual but also the community at large. Imagine being in a public place when someone suddenly collapses. In situations like these, bystanders who are trained in CPR and AED can immediately step in and provide help until professional medical help ____39____. Each minute that someone’s heart isn’t beating minimizes their chances of survival by 10 percent. If more people were trained in these skills, communities would be safer. ____40____, CPR and AED training gives confidence to individuals to act decisively in emergencies. Knowing what to do in a crisis can prevent ____41____ and panic, allowing for quick and effective action. This confidence is beneficial not only in emergency situations but also in everyday life, by creating a sense of ____42____ and readiness. According to the American Red Cross, proper training and ____43____ to AEDs could save up to 50,000 lives each year. Schools, workplaces and community organizations that offer CPR and AED training demonstrate their ____44____ for the well-being of their members. In those ____45____ moments when someone is in urgent need of help, emergency training can indeed make the difference between life and death. 31. A. reduce B. double C. illustrate D. reflect 32. A. identify B. imagine C. acquire D. ignore 33. A. equipped B. mixed C. filled D. connected 34. A. considers B. practices C. avoids D. involves 35. A. lacked B. blocked C. damaged D. exchanged 36. A. normally B. enthusiastically C. gradually D. impressively 37. A. unqualified B. untrained C. uninvited D. unexpected 38. A. select B. harm C. confuse D. benefit 39. A. runs over B. turns over C. takes over D. gets over 40. A. Eventually B. Additionally C. Occasionally D. Fortunately 41. A. hesitation B. exploration C. explanation D. recognition 42. A. anxiety B. authority C. capability D. identity 43. A. attempt B. approach C. admission D. access 44. A. resource B. satisfaction C. concern D. contribution 45. A. peaceful B. scary C. ordinary D. familiar 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. B 41. A 42. C 43. D 44. C 45. B 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍心肺复苏和除颤器的急救作用、学习方式，强调普及急救技能能守护个人与社区安全。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：身边有人会心肺复苏或使用自动体外除颤器，能大幅提高患者的存活几率。A. reduce减少；B. double翻倍、大幅提升；C. illustrate说明；D. reflect反映。根据前文“When someone suffers a heart attack, every moment is essential. Having someone nearby who knows CPR (心肺复苏) or how to use an AED”可知，急救技能能提升存活概率。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：心肺复苏、除颤器使用这类救生技能并不难学会、掌握。A. identify识别；B. imagine想象；C. acquire习得、掌握；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“In fact, CPR/AED classes take just a few hours.”可知，这类技能容易掌握。 【33题详解】 考查动词固定搭配。句意：具备这些技能，能让你在紧急情况下快速有效施救。A. equipped配备、具备；B. mixed混合；C. filled填满；D. connected连接。固定搭配be equipped with“具备、拥有（技能）”，贴合急救技能语境。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：心肺复苏是一项包含用力按压胸部和人工呼吸的急救技巧。A. considers考虑；B. practices练习；C. avoids避免；D. involves包含、涉及。根据后文“pushing hard on the chest and giving rescue breaths.”可知，按压胸部、人工呼吸是心肺复苏包含的操作步骤。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：这能够救助呼吸停止或心跳骤停的患者，这类情况通常发生在心脏病发作、心脏血液流通受阻时。A. lacked缺乏；B. blocked堵塞、阻断；C. damaged损坏；D. exchanged交换。根据上文“a heart attack”并结合心脏病发病原理可知，发病时心脏血流会被阻断。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些小型设备会向心脏释放电击，帮助心脏在突发骤停时恢复正常跳动。A. normally正常地；B. enthusiastically热情地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. impressively令人印象深刻地。结合常识可知，除颤器的作用就是让心脏恢复正常搏动节奏。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：设备操作简单、配有清晰指引，就算没有受过专业训练的人也能操作。A. unqualified不合格的；B. untrained未经训练的；C. uninvited未被邀请的；D. unexpected意外的。根据前文“user-friendly”可知，无经验、未受训人群也能上手。 【38题详解】 考查动词。句意：心肺复苏和除颤器培训，不仅对个人有益，也能惠及整个社区。A. select挑选；B. harm伤害；C. confuse使困惑；D. benefit有益于。根据后文“Imagine being in a public place when someone suddenly collapses. In situations like these, bystanders who are trained in CPR and AED can immediately step in and provide help ”可知，急救培训益处良多。 【39题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：受过急救培训的路人可以立刻施救，直到专业医护人员赶来接手救治。A. runs over碾压；B. turns over翻转；C. takes over接管、接手；D. gets over克服。根据上文“bystanders who are trained in CPR and AED can immediately step in and provide help ”可知，此处指路人临时施救，后续由专业医护人员接手急救工作。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：此外，急救培训还能让人拥有底气，在紧急时刻果断行动。A. Eventually最终；B. Additionally此外、另外；C. Occasionally偶尔；D. Fortunately幸运地。前文讲急救技能能救人护社区，此处补充额外好处，用递进衔接词additionally。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：危机时刻清楚应对方法，就能避免犹豫慌乱，快速高效施救。A. hesitation犹豫；B. exploration探索；C. explanation解释；D. recognition认可。根据下文“panic”可知，掌握技能就能避免迟疑和慌乱。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：这份自信不仅适用于急救场景，也能让人日常拥有应对突发状况的能力与准备。A. anxiety焦虑；B. authority权威；C. capability能力；D. identity身份。结合常识可知，掌握急救技能，会让人拥有应对突发险情的能力。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：美国红十字会表示，正规培训加上便捷使用除颤器，每年可挽救五万条生命。A. attempt尝试；B. approach方法；C. admission承认；D. access使用、使用权。根据上文“how to use an  AED”可知，此处指使用除颤器。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：开展急救培训的学校、单位和社区，体现出对大家身心健康的关心。A. resource资源；B. satisfaction满足；C. concern关心、关切；D. contribution贡献。根据上文“Schools, workplaces and community organizations that offer CPR and AED training ”可知，主动普及急救培训，是关心他人健康安全的体现。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在他人急需救助的危急可怕时刻，急救培训就是生死关键。A. peaceful平和的；B. scary危急可怕的；C. ordinary普通的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文“in urgent need of help, emergency training can indeed make the difference between life and death.”可知，此处指危急又让人慌乱的可怕时刻。 Section B Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read (A) Have you ever been stuck in traffic where the sound of car horns (喇叭) is so loud that it gives you a headache? In many busy cities around the world, unnecessary honking is a big problem. But one country came up with a clever idea to fight the noise. It is called “Honk More, Wait More.” What Is “Honk More, Wait More”? A few years ago, some cities in India started a new traffic campaign. They placed special sound sensors at busy traffic lights. These sensors can measure how loud the honking is. If drivers make too much noise by honking unnecessarily, something unexpected happens: the red light timer resets, making everyone wait longer before they can go. The more you honk, the longer you wait! Why Was This Needed? In many places, drivers use their horns all the time — not just for safety, but out of habit or impatience. This creates terrible noise pollution, which can cause stress, trouble sleeping, and even hearing problems. Honking doesn’t make the traffic move faster, but it does make the city noisier and more stressful for everyone. ____________________ Imagine you’re at a red light. The light is about to turn green, but the driver next to you starts honking impatiently. A nearby sensor picks up the extra noise. Suddenly, the countdown timer on the red light jumps back from 5 seconds to 10 or even 20 seconds. Now, everyone at the crossroads has to wait longer — all because of that one impatient honk. The Big Idea Behind the Rule The “Honk More, Wait More” rule isn’t just about punishment. It’s about teaching shared responsibility. If one person honks, the whole group pays by waiting longer. This encourages drivers to remind each other to stay quiet. It turns impatient honking from a personal habit into a group concern. What Happened After? When the system was first introduced, it made headlines everywhere. Many people loved the idea. Drivers started thinking twice before pressing the horn. In some places, honking decreased noticeably. The campaign became a symbol of how creative thinking can help solve everyday problems. A Lesson for All of Us You don’t have to be a driver to learn from “Honk More, Wait More.” It reminds us that our actions affect others. Sometimes, a little patience and consideration can make life better for everyone. Next time you’re tempted to honk — or do anything noisy in a public space — remember: sometimes, waiting quietly is the fastest way forward. 46. India started the “Honk More, Wait More” campaign to ______. A. help cars go faster through busy crossroads B. give a prize to the drivers who honk the least C. punish drivers who honk too much by using technology D. cut down noise pollution by reducing pointless honking 47. Which of the following is the best subtitle for paragraph 4? A. How Does It Work? B. A Story about a Patient Driver C. Why Traffic Lights Are Important D. The Technology Behind the Sensor 48. What would most likely happen if most drivers followed the “Honk More, Wait More” rule over time? A. The traffic light sensors would be removed because they’re no longer needed. B. The crossroads would become much noisier as drivers get used to the system. C. The average waiting time at red lights would become shorter and predictable. D. The drivers would honk even more because no individual driver is punished. 49. What is the main lesson of the story? A. Honking is the most effective way to signal danger in an emergency. B. Technology can solve problems without people changing their behavior. C. Patience and consideration can make shared spaces better for everyone. D. Clear communication of a rule’s purpose helps people willingly follow it. 【答案】46. D 47. A 48. C 49. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了印度为减少噪音污染而推行的“鸣笛越多，等待越久”的交通措施。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据Why Was This Needed?部分“This creates terrible noise pollution, which can cause stress, trouble sleeping, and even hearing problems. Honking doesn’t make the traffic move faster, but it does make the city noisier and more stressful for everyone.(这造成了可怕的噪音污染，会导致压力、睡眠问题，甚至听力问题。鸣笛并不能让交通更快，但它确实让城市更嘈杂，让每个人都更有压力)”以及What Is “Honk More, Wait More”?部分“If drivers make too much noise by honking unnecessarily, something unexpected happens: the red light timer resets, making everyone wait longer before they can go.(如果司机不必要地鸣笛发出太多噪音，就会发生一些意想不到的事情：红灯计时器重置，让每个人在可以通行之前等待更长时间)”可知，印度推行“鸣笛越多，等待越久”的交通措施是为了通过减少不必要的鸣笛来减少噪音污染。 【47题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Imagine you’re at a red light. The light is about to turn green, but the driver next to you starts honking impatiently. A nearby sensor picks up the extra noise. Suddenly, the countdown timer on the red light jumps back from 5 seconds to 10 or even 20 seconds. Now, everyone at the crossroads has to wait longer — all because of that one impatient honk.(想象你在等红灯。灯就要变绿了，但你旁边的司机开始不耐烦地鸣笛。附近的传感器捕捉到了额外的噪音。突然，红灯的倒计时从5秒跳回到10秒甚至20秒。现在，十字路口的每个人都要等更长时间——都是因为那一声不耐烦的鸣笛)”可知，本段主要介绍了“鸣笛越多，等待越久”这一措施是如何运作的，即如果有司机不必要地鸣笛，红灯的计时器会重置，导致所有人等待时间变长。因此，选项A“它是如何运作的？”作为本段的小标题最合适。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据What Happened After?部分“Drivers started thinking twice before pressing the horn. In some places, honking decreased noticeably.(司机们在按喇叭之前开始三思。在一些地方，鸣笛声明显减少)”可知，如果大多数司机都遵守“鸣笛越多，等待越久”的规则，那么不必要的鸣笛将会减少，红灯处的平均等待时间将会变得更短且可预测。 【49题详解】 主旨大意题。根据A Lesson for All of Us部分“You don’t have to be a driver to learn from “Honk More, Wait More.” It reminds us that our actions affect others. Sometimes, a little patience and consideration can make life better for everyone.(你不必是司机也能从“鸣笛越多，等待越久”中学到东西。它提醒我们，我们的行为会影响他人。有时候，一点耐心和体谅就能让每个人的生活变得更好)”可知，文章通过介绍印度的“鸣笛越多，等待越久”的交通措施，强调了耐心和体谅对于改善共享空间的重要性。 (B) Ask The Expert THE TRUTH ABOUT COCHLEAR IMPLANTS Struggling to hear each day, even when using powerful hearing aids? DR. ALEJANDRO RIVAS a cochlear implant surgeon and medical advisor to Cochlear, answers questions about cochlear implants and how they are different from hearing aids. Now more than ever, communication and connection are important for maintaining relationships with family, friends and community. Whether it happens suddenly or gradually over time, hearing loss can affect you physically and emotionally. Being unable to hear impacts your ability to communicate with your friends, talk on the phone, or hear the TV. Being able to hear in different environments will help you stay connected with what matters most. Dealing with your hearing loss could change your life. Cochlear implants work differently than hearing aids. Instead of making sounds louder, they use hi-tech electronic parts and software to help you hear the sounds you’ve been missing. Q: How are cochlear implants different from hearing aids? Hearing aids help many people by making the sounds they hear louder. Unfortunately, as hearing loss progresses, sounds may not only need to be louder, they may need to be clearer. Cochlear implants can help give you that clarity, especially in noisy environments. Q: Is it major surgery? No, not at all. The procedure is often done on an outpatient basis and typically takes just a couple of hours. After surgery, you’ll need a short healing period, and your device will be activated and fine-tuned in follow-up visits to ensure the best sound clarity. Q: Are cochlear implants a proven solution? Cochlear hearing implant technology is very reliable. In fact, it has been around for 40 years and Cochlear has provided more than 600,000 implantable hearing devices. Q: Are cochlear implants covered by Medicare? Yes, Medicare and most private insurance plans routinely cover cochlear implants. Call 800 610 4901 or visit www. Cochlear.us/Rdigest to find a Hearing Implant Specialist near you and get a free guide about cochlear implants 50. Who is the primary target readers of this article? A. Medical students studying hearing disorders. B. Companies that make or sell hearing products C. Senior people who are experiencing hearing loss. D. Government officials managing healthcare policies. 51. The surgery for cochlear implants ______. A. requires months of full recovery B. can improve sound clarity immediately C. is a risky, hospital-stay-required operation D. takes only a few hours on an outpatient basis 52. Which of the following is TRUE about cochlear implants? A. They can make sounds much louder than hearing aids. B. They use technology to improve clarity, not just volume. C. They are covered by Medicare and all the private insurance. D. They are a new technology developed in the last 10 years. 【答案】50. C 51. D 52. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了耳蜗植入物专家解答关于耳蜗植入物及其与助听器区别的问题。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章Ask The Expert THE TRUTH ABOUT COCHLEAR IMPLANTS部分“Struggling to hear each day, even when using powerful hearing aids?(即使使用了强大的助听器，每天也都要努力听？)”以及后文对耳蜗植入物的介绍可知，文章主要面向那些正在经历听力损失，尤其是使用助听器效果不佳的人群，因此主要目标读者是正在经历听力损失的老年人。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Q: Is it major surgery?部分“No, not at all. The procedure is often done on an outpatient basis and typically takes just a couple of hours.(不，一点也不。这个过程通常在门诊进行，通常只需要几个小时)”可知，耳蜗植入物的手术通常在门诊进行，且只需几个小时。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Q: Are cochlear implants a proven solution?部分“Cochlear implants work differently than hearing aids. Instead of making sounds louder, they use hi-tech electronic parts and software to help you hear the sounds you’ve been missing.(耳蜗植入物的工作原理与助听器不同。它们不是使声音变大，而是使用高科技电子元件和软件来帮助你听到你一直错过的声音)”可知，耳蜗植入物使用技术来提高声音的清晰度，而不仅仅是音量。 (C) As Grace and Allison settled into Allison’s room to study, Allison asked, “Do you want anything to eat or drink?” “No, thanks,” Grace replied politely, expecting Allison to extend the offer a second time as was customary in her experience. Moments later, Allison returned with a drink for herself but nothing for Grace. Allison neither repeated her offer nor suggested sharing her own drink. Grace left Allison’s house feeling thirsty, upset and neglected. This incident illustrates a classic conflict between Ask Culture and Guess Culture. Askers, like Allison, communicate directly, stating needs clearly and trusting others to do the same. In contrast, Guessers, like Grace, are unwilling to make direct requests to avoid bothering others, often saying “no” initially and expecting others to perceive unspoken needs. From Grace’s perspective, Allison should have offered her a drink again or simply brought her one, guessing Grace was thirsty. Communication styles of the Ask and Guess Cultures are common across the world. Most Asians, Middle Easterners, and Africans come from Guess Cultures, while Europeans and North Americans are more likely to belong to Ask Cultures. Note, though, that all societies have elements of both cultures and that cultural background alone does not determine a person’s communication style. Having awareness of these communication differences is an asset within today’s globalized world. By understanding Ask Culture and Guess Culture, respecting the differences and being open-minded, you can interact smoothly across cultures, setting yourself up for success. First, figure out whether you’re an Asker or a Guesser. Then point out that you have different communication styles and make light of it, so no one is offended. Next, adapt your approach accordingly. Guessers can learn to accept Askers’ direct style as sincere rather than pushy, while Askers can avoid putting pressure on Guessers by framing requests in ways that allow a graceful refusal. Guessers can also practice being more direct, while Askers can pay attention to hints and body language. If misunderstandings arise, both sides need to give each other the benefit of the doubt and be respectful. In the end, it’s not about whether Ask Culture or Guess Culture is right or wrong, it’s about respecting each other’s differences. 53. What is the main purpose of the article? A. To show that culture alone determines how we communicate. B. To explain Ask Culture and Guess Culture and how to bridge the gap. C. To tell an interesting story about a misunderstanding between two friends. D. To argue that Ask Culture is more effective and should be adopted worldwide. 54. How is a “Guesser” most likely to behave? A. They state their needs in a clear and direct manner. B. They never say “no” to an offer, to avoid seeming rude. C. They refuse an offer at first, expecting the other person to insist. D. They feel comfortable when other people take their “no” seriously. 55. The underlined words “an asset” in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to ______. A. a difficult challenge B. a personal opinion C. an optional skill D. a valuable advantage 56. According to the passage, when communicating with a “Guesser”, an “Asker” should ______. A. insist on getting a clear and direct answer from the Guesser B. ask the same question repeatedly until the Guesser says yes C. always assume the Guesser’s first “no” is their final answer D. express requests in ways that make it easy for the Guesser to say no 【答案】53. B 54. C 55. D 56. D 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍“询问文化”与“猜测文化”两种交流文化，通过具体事例展现二者差异，并说明在全球化环境下如何理解并跨越这两种文化的交流差异。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。文章开篇以Grace和Allison之间因交流方式不同产生的小冲突为例，引出“询问文化”和“猜测文化”的概念。随后介绍了这两种文化在全球的分布情况，最后着重阐述了理解两种文化差异、跨越交流鸿沟的方法。所以文章的主要目的是解释“询问文化”和“猜测文化”以及如何弥合两者差距。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Guessers, like Grace, are unwilling to make direct requests to avoid bothering others, often saying “no” initially and expecting others to perceive unspoken needs.(像Grace这样的“猜测者”，为避免打扰他人，不愿直接提出请求，通常一开始会说“不”，并期望他人能察觉到他们未说出口的需求)”可知，“猜测者”最可能的行为是起初拒绝提议，期望对方能主动察觉自己的需求并再次提出。 【55题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第六段“By understanding Ask Culture and Guess Culture, respecting the differences and being open - minded, you can interact smoothly across cultures, setting yourself up for success.(通过了解“询问文化”和“猜测文化”，尊重差异并保持开放的心态，你可以顺利地进行跨文化交流，为自己的成功奠定基础。）可知，了解这些交流差异有助于跨文化交流取得成功，是非常有益的，“an asset”在此处意思最接近“a valuable advantage(宝贵的优势)”。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Askers can avoid putting pressure on Guessers by framing requests in ways that allow a graceful refusal.(“询问者”可以通过以一种让“猜测者”能够得体拒绝的方式来表达请求，从而避免给“猜测者”施加压力)”可知，“询问者”与“猜测者”交流时，应以便于“猜测者”拒绝的方式表达请求。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Fun Facts about Pigeons, the Most Misunderstood of All Creatures Upon seeing a flock of pigeons, many people want nothing more than to run a mile in the other direction. ____57____ People may be surprised to learn that these creatures have a number of fascinating characteristics that should not be overlooked. First, pigeons are highly skilled navigators (领航员). ____58____ Because of this ability, humans have used pigeons to their advantage for centuries. Another interesting yet not so admirable quality of pigeons is that they appear to be master procrastinators (拖延大师). Scientific studies have shown that pigeons often delay the completion of a boring or troublesome task when an immediately more convenient alternative is available. ____59____ Next, we come to the unpleasant topic of pigeon droppings. People in the city are used to seeing streets littered with these droppings. Although pigeon poo is seen as a problem in modern times, several centuries ago, it was actually considered a valuable resource because it helped crops grow. ____60____. In addition to their navigation skills and excellent sense of hearing, they can distinguish between the letters of the Roman alphabet and tell apart human faces in photographs. So, the next time you feel disgusted upon encountering a pigeon, remember that besides carrying little disease risk, these birds are smart creatures with many wonderful abilities. A. A pigeon can find its way back to its nest after being transported more than a thousand miles away from it! B. With exceptional eyesight, pigeons can distinguish between different paintings by artists like Monet and Picasso. C. Finally, it cannot be denied that pigeons are highly intelligent creatures. D. When it comes to putting off work, maybe pigeons are just as good as humans. E. Pigeons are commonly viewed as carriers and spreaders of disease, but that’s actually not true. F. They have impressive long-term memory, able to remember complex visual patterns for years. 【答案】57. E 58. A 59. D 60. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍鸽子被大众误解，列举其多种独特本领与有趣特点，纠正人们的偏见。 【57题详解】 上文“Upon seeing a flock of pigeons, many people want nothing more than to run a mile in the other direction.(看到一群鸽子时，很多人只想立刻转身跑开)”说明人们对鸽子的反感态度。空后“People may be surprised to learn that these creatures have a number of fascinating characteristics that should not be overlooked.(人们可能会惊讶地发现，这些生物有许多迷人的特质不应被忽视)”说明鸽子有未被发现的优点，与前文形成转折。空处需承接大众对鸽子的负面印象，引出下文转折。选项E“Pigeons are commonly viewed as carriers and spreaders of disease, but that’s actually not true.(鸽子常被视作疾病传播者，但事实并非如此)”既呼应了前文人们对鸽子的反感，又用转折引出鸽子的真实情况，符合语境。 【58题详解】 上文“First, pigeons are highly skilled navigators (领航员).(首先，鸽子是技艺高超的领航员)”点明本段核心是介绍鸽子的导航能力。空后“Because of this ability, humans have used pigeons to their advantage for centuries.(正因为这种能力，人类几个世纪以来都在利用鸽子为自己服务)”说明鸽子的导航能力对人类有用，进一步强调其导航能力出色。空处需具体举例体现鸽子的导航能力，选项A“A pigeon can find its way back to its nest after being transported more than a thousand miles away from it!(鸽子被带到千里之外也能找回巢穴)”用具体事例展现鸽子的导航本领，承接前文主旨，符合语境。 【59题详解】 上文“Scientific studies have shown that pigeons often delay the completion of a boring or troublesome task when an immediately more convenient alternative is available.(科学研究表明，当有更便捷的即时选择时，鸽子通常会拖延完成枯燥或麻烦的任务)”说明鸽子有拖延的特点。空处需承接前文，进一步体现鸽子的拖延特质，与本段“鸽子是拖延大师”的核心一致。选项D“When it comes to putting off work, maybe pigeons are just as good as humans.(在拖延这件事上，鸽子或许和人类一样擅长)”直接呼应前文的拖延内容，总结鸽子的拖延特点，与前文逻辑连贯，符合语境。 【60题详解】 上文介绍了鸽子的导航能力、拖延特质和粪便的历史价值，此处需开启新的段落核心。空后“In addition to their navigation skills and excellent sense of hearing, they can distinguish between the letters of the Roman alphabet and tell apart human faces in photographs.(除了导航能力和敏锐的听觉外，它们还能区分罗马字母，辨别照片中的人脸)”集中介绍鸽子的聪明才智。空处需作为本段总起句，引出鸽子高智商的特点。选项C“Finally, it cannot be denied that pigeons are highly intelligent creatures.(最后，不可否认鸽子是高智商生物)”点明本段核心是鸽子的高智商，引出下文具体能力介绍，符合语境。 Ⅲ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 61. 团队负责人应尽早告知团队更新过的时间表。（inform）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The team leader should inform the team of the updated schedule as early as possible. 【解析】 【详解】句子表达一种建议或要求，用情态动词should后接动词原形；表示“团队负责人”用the team leader，作句子的主语；表示“告知某人某事”用inform sb. of sth.结构，should后接动词原形inform ；“团队”翻译为the team，作inform的宾语；“更新过的时间表”翻译为the updated schedule，作介词of的宾语；表示“尽早”用as early as possible，在句中作状语。 62. 虽然身处异国二十载，但他依然认为家乡的味道是无可取代的。（replace）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Though he has lived abroad for twenty years, he still believes that the taste of his hometown cannot be replaced. 【解析】 【详解】表示“虽然”译为though，引导让步状语从句，从句主语为he；表示“身处异国二十载”译为has lived abroad for twenty years，为现在完成时；主句主语为he；表示“依然认为”译为still believe，后跟宾语从句，从句不缺少成分和句意，故用that引导，陈述事实用一般现在时；表示“家乡的味道”译为the taste of his hometown；表示“无可取代”译为cannot be replaced。 63. 通过观察自己孩子的成长，这名教师意识到真正的教育应该保护好每个孩子与生俱来的好奇心。（observe）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】By observing his own children’s growth, the teacher realized that true education should protect every child’s innate curiosity. 【解析】 【详解】句子陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；“通过观察”用by observing作方式状语，“他自己孩子的成长”用his own children’s growth，作宾语；“意识到”用realize，作谓语，后面接that引导的宾语从句；“真正的教育”用true education，作主语；“应该保护”用should protect，作从句谓语，“与生俱来的好奇心”用innate curiosity ，作宾语。 64. 现在许多青少年拥有智能手机，其强大的功能让他们能够轻而易举地学习、社交和探索世界。（whose）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Nowadays many teenagers own smartphones, whose powerful functions enable them to study, socialize and explore the world easily. 【解析】 【详解】句子陈述客观现象，用一般现在时；“许多青少年”用many teenagers，“拥有智能手机”用own smartphones；用whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词smartphones，“强大的功能”用powerful functions；“让某人能够做某事”用enable sb. to do sth.；“学习、社交和探索世界”用 study, socialize and explore the world。 Ⅳ. Guided Writing 65. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 最近有些学校规定学生每天中午必须午睡30分钟，你是否赞成这种做法？请谈谈你的理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Nowadays, some schools require students to take a 30-minute nap at noon every day. This rule has caused a heated discussion among students. As for me, I fully approve of this reasonable school practice. A proper noon nap can effectively relieve our physical and mental tiredness from long hours of morning study. It can also refresh our mind and help us stay energetic and concentrated in all afternoon classes. Without a short rest, we may feel sleepy and distracted, which will greatly influence our learning efficiency. Besides, a regular noon rest is beneficial to our physical health and keeps us in a positive daily mood. In short, a 30-minute noon nap is absolutely necessary for busy senior high students. It serves as a simple but practical way to balance heavy study tasks and daily rest. Therefore, I firmly believe that schools should stick to this thoughtful regulation. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生谈论学校强制学生每日午休半小时的举措，作者持赞同态度，结合学习与健康角度分析好处并总结观点。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 要求：require → demand 赞同：approve of → be in favor of 缓解：relieve → ease 专注的：concentrated → focused 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Besides, a regular noon rest is beneficial to our physical health and keeps us in a positive daily mood. 拓展句：Besides, not only is a regular noon rest beneficial to our physical health, but it also keeps us in a positive daily mood. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Without a short rest, we may feel sleepy and distracted, which will greatly influence our learning efficiency.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Therefore, I firmly believe that schools should stick to this thoughtful regulation.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 中原中学高一年级（下）英语学科期中测试 考生注意： 1. 考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3. 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。 Ⅰ. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Understanding the Closeness-Communication Bias (亲近沟通偏差) Most of us assume that we communicate better with our friends and family members ____1____ we do with strangers. However, it is often the case that the closer we are to somebody, the less likely we are to listen carefully to them. This phenomenon is called closeness-communication bias, and it has been known ____2____ (cause) serious damage to personal relationships. The reason ____3____ many people unconsciously “tune out” their family members or close friends is that they think they already know what the other person is going to say. It’s similar to the way in which you might not notice signs, landmarks, or scenery on a path you ____4____ (travel) down numerous times. Researchers have, repeatedly demonstrated closeness-communication bias in experiments. In one such study, participants ____5____ (group) with friends or spouses, followed by being, grouped with complete strangers. Researchers then asked the participants to interpret ____6____ their friends and spouses were saying to them. In the majority of cases, although most participants assumed they would better understand those they were close to, they actually understood them no better than strangers. In some cases, they understood their close friends and spouses even ____7____ (little). Another study showed that people are more likely to share their most worrisome troubles with people they were less close to rather than with their spouses or close friends. When ____8____ (open) up to strangers, people are able to avoid judgment and prevent creating unnecessary conflict within their close relationships. Unfortunately the closeness-communication bias is a reality that most people live with ____9____ they know it or not. Not only does this prevent people from listening to those they love, but it also means their loved ____10____ aren’t listening to them, either. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. recycled B. advanced C. challenging D. protection E. productive F. establishing G. separation H. resupply I. controlled J. progress K. transporting Growing Food in 3D-printed Greenhouses to Feed Astronauts Space is dangerous, almost unimaginably so. But technological ___11___ has allowed people to explore this extremely deadly environment for decades. Within the ___12___ of a space station, astronauts have enough air, food and water to complete missions of a year or longer, safely. The International Space Station can go for months without a(n) ___13___. But missions to further reaches of space are a different matter altogether. It now seems that ___14___ a base on the moon or sending humans to Mars is just on the horizon. That can only happen if new and completely reliable ways are developed to provide humans with enough air, water and food. One company, Interstellar Labs, believes they have created a system that can solve the food problem. They have developed a(n) ___15___, self-sustaining system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space. They call their artificial intelligence (AI) managed greenhouses BioPods, and they are designed to be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BioPods reduce the amount of land and water needed to produce food by 99 percent. That is not an impossible claim. BioPods don’t use any soil to grow plants, and the vast majority of water is continuously ___16___. According to Interstellar Labs, BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more ___17___ than traditionally grown plants, using much less water. The conditions inside of a BioPod are ___18___ by AI, which can change anything from the lighting to the temperature to maximize growth. This creates ideal growing conditions no matter what the environment is outside, including the emptiness of space. The BioPods themselves can be built in almost any environment, too. The pod’s structure is made with a 3D printer using raw materials in liquid form. This means that a BioPod could be built right on the surface of the moon or Mars, making ___19___ a large structure unnecessary. Like most technology developed for space exploration, BioPods can also be used on Earth to provide highly efficient food production systems even in the most ___20___ environments. Section C Directions: Choose a proper word from the box to complete each sentence. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. flexible B. generous C. signal D. measure E. impression F. achievement 21. An artist’s true ______ often lies not just in mastering a technique, but in developing a unique style that is recognized and remembered. 22. The teacher was ______ with her help and stayed after school to explain the math problems again. 23. To ______ for immediate quiet, the teacher often chooses to raise a hand — a more respectful and attention-getting strategy than shouting over the noise. 24. One way to ______ the depth of a community’s customs is to see how they adapt to modern life while preserving their core values. 25. A(n) ______ study schedule allows high school students to balance their academic workload with personal interests. Directions: Choose a proper word from the box to complete each sentence. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. limit B. negative C. indicate D. application E. professional F. survive 26. The birds’ sudden change in direction may ______ an approaching storm, reminding the hikers to seek shelter. 27. As we know, ______ language learning requires understanding both the language itself and the culture that shapes its use. 28. The daily ______ of these simple breathing techniques can significantly reduce stress and improve overall mental well-being. 29. Eating too much processed food can have a(n) ______ effect on your long-term health. 30. The only real ______ to your success is often the story you tell yourself about what you cannot achieve. Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. When someone suffers a heart attack, every moment is essential. Having someone nearby who knows CPR (心肺复苏) or how to use an AED (自动体外除颤器) can ____31____ that person’s chances of pulling through. Why shouldn’t that someone be you? Life-saving skills like CPR and the knowledge of how to use an AED aren’t hard to ____32____. In fact, CPR/AED classes take just a few hours. Being ____33____ with these skills can enable you to act quickly and effectively. What exactly is CPR? It’s a technique that ____34____ pushing hard on the chest and giving rescue breaths. This helps a person who has stopped breathing or whose heart has stopped beating — often during a heart attack, when blood flow to the heart is ____35____. CPR keeps blood flowing to vital organs until medical help arrives. Knowing how to use an AED is another critical skill. These small devices deliver an electric shock to the heart to help it beat ____36____ again during a sudden heart stop. The machines are designed to be user-friendly with clear instructions so even ____37____ individuals can operate them. CPR and AED training ____38____ not only the individual but also the community at large. Imagine being in a public place when someone suddenly collapses. In situations like these, bystanders who are trained in CPR and AED can immediately step in and provide help until professional medical help ____39____. Each minute that someone’s heart isn’t beating minimizes their chances of survival by 10 percent. If more people were trained in these skills, communities would be safer. ____40____, CPR and AED training gives confidence to individuals to act decisively in emergencies. Knowing what to do in a crisis can prevent ____41____ and panic, allowing for quick and effective action. This confidence is beneficial not only in emergency situations but also in everyday life, by creating a sense of ____42____ and readiness. According to the American Red Cross, proper training and ____43____ to AEDs could save up to 50,000 lives each year. Schools, workplaces and community organizations that offer CPR and AED training demonstrate their ____44____ for the well-being of their members. In those ____45____ moments when someone is in urgent need of help, emergency training can indeed make the difference between life and death. 31. A. reduce B. double C. illustrate D. reflect 32. A. identify B. imagine C. acquire D. ignore 33. A. equipped B. mixed C. filled D. connected 34. A. considers B. practices C. avoids D. involves 35. A. lacked B. blocked C. damaged D. exchanged 36. A. normally B. enthusiastically C. gradually D. impressively 37. A. unqualified B. untrained C. uninvited D. unexpected 38. A. select B. harm C. confuse D. benefit 39. A. runs over B. turns over C. takes over D. gets over 40. A. Eventually B. Additionally C. Occasionally D. Fortunately 41. A. hesitation B. exploration C. explanation D. recognition 42. A. anxiety B. authority C. capability D. identity 43. A. attempt B. approach C. admission D. access 44. A. resource B. satisfaction C. concern D. contribution 45. A. peaceful B. scary C. ordinary D. familiar Section B Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read (A) Have you ever been stuck in traffic where the sound of car horns (喇叭) is so loud that it gives you a headache? In many busy cities around the world, unnecessary honking is a big problem. But one country came up with a clever idea to fight the noise. It is called “Honk More, Wait More.” What Is “Honk More, Wait More”? A few years ago, some cities in India started a new traffic campaign. They placed special sound sensors at busy traffic lights. These sensors can measure how loud the honking is. If drivers make too much noise by honking unnecessarily, something unexpected happens: the red light timer resets, making everyone wait longer before they can go. The more you honk, the longer you wait! Why Was This Needed? In many places, drivers use their horns all the time — not just for safety, but out of habit or impatience. This creates terrible noise pollution, which can cause stress, trouble sleeping, and even hearing problems. Honking doesn’t make the traffic move faster, but it does make the city noisier and more stressful for everyone. ____________________ Imagine you’re at a red light. The light is about to turn green, but the driver next to you starts honking impatiently. A nearby sensor picks up the extra noise. Suddenly, the countdown timer on the red light jumps back from 5 seconds to 10 or even 20 seconds. Now, everyone at the crossroads has to wait longer — all because of that one impatient honk. The Big Idea Behind the Rule The “Honk More, Wait More” rule isn’t just about punishment. It’s about teaching shared responsibility. If one person honks, the whole group pays by waiting longer. This encourages drivers to remind each other to stay quiet. It turns impatient honking from a personal habit into a group concern. What Happened After? When the system was first introduced, it made headlines everywhere. Many people loved the idea. Drivers started thinking twice before pressing the horn. In some places, honking decreased noticeably. The campaign became a symbol of how creative thinking can help solve everyday problems. A Lesson for All of Us You don’t have to be a driver to learn from “Honk More, Wait More.” It reminds us that our actions affect others. Sometimes, a little patience and consideration can make life better for everyone. Next time you’re tempted to honk — or do anything noisy in a public space — remember: sometimes, waiting quietly is the fastest way forward. 46. India started the “Honk More, Wait More” campaign to ______. A. help cars go faster through busy crossroads B. give a prize to the drivers who honk the least C. punish drivers who honk too much by using technology D. cut down noise pollution by reducing pointless honking 47. Which of the following is the best subtitle for paragraph 4? A. How Does It Work? B. A Story about a Patient Driver C. Why Traffic Lights Are Important D. The Technology Behind the Sensor 48. What would most likely happen if most drivers followed the “Honk More, Wait More” rule over time? A. The traffic light sensors would be removed because they’re no longer needed. B. The crossroads would become much noisier as drivers get used to the system. C. The average waiting time at red lights would become shorter and predictable. D. The drivers would honk even more because no individual driver is punished. 49. What is the main lesson of the story? A. Honking is the most effective way to signal danger in an emergency. B. Technology can solve problems without people changing their behavior. C. Patience and consideration can make shared spaces better for everyone. D. Clear communication of a rule’s purpose helps people willingly follow it. (B) Ask The Expert THE TRUTH ABOUT COCHLEAR IMPLANTS Struggling to hear each day, even when using powerful hearing aids? DR. ALEJANDRO RIVAS a cochlear implant surgeon and medical advisor to Cochlear, answers questions about cochlear implants and how they are different from hearing aids. Now more than ever, communication and connection are important for maintaining relationships with family, friends and community. Whether it happens suddenly or gradually over time, hearing loss can affect you physically and emotionally. Being unable to hear impacts your ability to communicate with your friends, talk on the phone, or hear the TV. Being able to hear in different environments will help you stay connected with what matters most. Dealing with your hearing loss could change your life. Cochlear implants work differently than hearing aids. Instead of making sounds louder, they use hi-tech electronic parts and software to help you hear the sounds you’ve been missing. Q: How are cochlear implants different from hearing aids? Hearing aids help many people by making the sounds they hear louder. Unfortunately, as hearing loss progresses, sounds may not only need to be louder, they may need to be clearer. Cochlear implants can help give you that clarity, especially in noisy environments. Q: Is it major surgery? No, not at all. The procedure is often done on an outpatient basis and typically takes just a couple of hours. After surgery, you’ll need a short healing period, and your device will be activated and fine-tuned in follow-up visits to ensure the best sound clarity. Q: Are cochlear implants a proven solution? Cochlear hearing implant technology is very reliable. In fact, it has been around for 40 years and Cochlear has provided more than 600,000 implantable hearing devices. Q: Are cochlear implants covered by Medicare? Yes, Medicare and most private insurance plans routinely cover cochlear implants. Call 800 610 4901 or visit www. Cochlear.us/Rdigest to find a Hearing Implant Specialist near you and get a free guide about cochlear implants 50. Who is the primary target readers of this article? A. Medical students studying hearing disorders. B. Companies that make or sell hearing products C. Senior people who are experiencing hearing loss. D. Government officials managing healthcare policies. 51. The surgery for cochlear implants ______. A. requires months of full recovery B. can improve sound clarity immediately C. is a risky, hospital-stay-required operation D. takes only a few hours on an outpatient basis 52. Which of the following is TRUE about cochlear implants? A. They can make sounds much louder than hearing aids. B. They use technology to improve clarity, not just volume. C. They are covered by Medicare and all the private insurance. D. They are a new technology developed in the last 10 years. (C) As Grace and Allison settled into Allison’s room to study, Allison asked, “Do you want anything to eat or drink?” “No, thanks,” Grace replied politely, expecting Allison to extend the offer a second time as was customary in her experience. Moments later, Allison returned with a drink for herself but nothing for Grace. Allison neither repeated her offer nor suggested sharing her own drink. Grace left Allison’s house feeling thirsty, upset and neglected. This incident illustrates a classic conflict between Ask Culture and Guess Culture. Askers, like Allison, communicate directly, stating needs clearly and trusting others to do the same. In contrast, Guessers, like Grace, are unwilling to make direct requests to avoid bothering others, often saying “no” initially and expecting others to perceive unspoken needs. From Grace’s perspective, Allison should have offered her a drink again or simply brought her one, guessing Grace was thirsty. Communication styles of the Ask and Guess Cultures are common across the world. Most Asians, Middle Easterners, and Africans come from Guess Cultures, while Europeans and North Americans are more likely to belong to Ask Cultures. Note, though, that all societies have elements of both cultures and that cultural background alone does not determine a person’s communication style. Having awareness of these communication differences is an asset within today’s globalized world. By understanding Ask Culture and Guess Culture, respecting the differences and being open-minded, you can interact smoothly across cultures, setting yourself up for success. First, figure out whether you’re an Asker or a Guesser. Then point out that you have different communication styles and make light of it, so no one is offended. Next, adapt your approach accordingly. Guessers can learn to accept Askers’ direct style as sincere rather than pushy, while Askers can avoid putting pressure on Guessers by framing requests in ways that allow a graceful refusal. Guessers can also practice being more direct, while Askers can pay attention to hints and body language. If misunderstandings arise, both sides need to give each other the benefit of the doubt and be respectful. In the end, it’s not about whether Ask Culture or Guess Culture is right or wrong, it’s about respecting each other’s differences. 53. What is the main purpose of the article? A. To show that culture alone determines how we communicate. B. To explain Ask Culture and Guess Culture and how to bridge the gap. C. To tell an interesting story about a misunderstanding between two friends. D. To argue that Ask Culture is more effective and should be adopted worldwide. 54. How is a “Guesser” most likely to behave? A. They state their needs in a clear and direct manner. B. They never say “no” to an offer, to avoid seeming rude. C. They refuse an offer at first, expecting the other person to insist. D. They feel comfortable when other people take their “no” seriously. 55. The underlined words “an asset” in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to ______. A. a difficult challenge B. a personal opinion C. an optional skill D. a valuable advantage 56. According to the passage, when communicating with a “Guesser”, an “Asker” should ______. A. insist on getting a clear and direct answer from the Guesser B. ask the same question repeatedly until the Guesser says yes C. always assume the Guesser’s first “no” is their final answer D. express requests in ways that make it easy for the Guesser to say no Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Fun Facts about Pigeons, the Most Misunderstood of All Creatures Upon seeing a flock of pigeons, many people want nothing more than to run a mile in the other direction. ____57____ People may be surprised to learn that these creatures have a number of fascinating characteristics that should not be overlooked. First, pigeons are highly skilled navigators (领航员). ____58____ Because of this ability, humans have used pigeons to their advantage for centuries. Another interesting yet not so admirable quality of pigeons is that they appear to be master procrastinators (拖延大师). Scientific studies have shown that pigeons often delay the completion of a boring or troublesome task when an immediately more convenient alternative is available. ____59____ Next, we come to the unpleasant topic of pigeon droppings. People in the city are used to seeing streets littered with these droppings. Although pigeon poo is seen as a problem in modern times, several centuries ago, it was actually considered a valuable resource because it helped crops grow. ____60____. In addition to their navigation skills and excellent sense of hearing, they can distinguish between the letters of the Roman alphabet and tell apart human faces in photographs. So, the next time you feel disgusted upon encountering a pigeon, remember that besides carrying little disease risk, these birds are smart creatures with many wonderful abilities. A. A pigeon can find its way back to its nest after being transported more than a thousand miles away from it! B. With exceptional eyesight, pigeons can distinguish between different paintings by artists like Monet and Picasso. C. Finally, it cannot be denied that pigeons are highly intelligent creatures. D. When it comes to putting off work, maybe pigeons are just as good as humans. E. Pigeons are commonly viewed as carriers and spreaders of disease, but that’s actually not true. F. They have impressive long-term memory, able to remember complex visual patterns for years. Ⅲ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 61. 团队负责人应尽早告知团队更新过的时间表。（inform）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 62. 虽然身处异国二十载，但他依然认为家乡的味道是无可取代的。（replace）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 63. 通过观察自己孩子的成长，这名教师意识到真正的教育应该保护好每个孩子与生俱来的好奇心。（observe）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 64. 现在许多青少年拥有智能手机，其强大的功能让他们能够轻而易举地学习、社交和探索世界。（whose）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ Ⅳ. Guided Writing 65. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 最近有些学校规定学生每天中午必须午睡30分钟，你是否赞成这种做法？请谈谈你的理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $