Unit 5 Section Ⅱ Understanding ideas-【新课程能力培养】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册学习手册（外研版）

Unit 5 Revealing nature SectionⅡ Understanding ideas 学习目标 1.通过精读，感知叙述类文本的结构及语言特点，并按照事件发展顺序梳理达尔文的发现之旅。 2.学习和掌握与话题相关的词汇，并能运用所学词汇进行交流。 distant evolve disgrace geologist sample suspect ancestor generate characteristic 必备 单词 decline blame 知识 短语answer the call be a disgrace lead to 关键能力 读 了著名生物学家Charles Darwin的发现之 文脉梳理 旅，以及他基于此次旅行写成的《物种起 A Journey of Discovery的语篇类型为记 源》一书。 叙文。课文以时间及行程路线为线索，介绍 A Journey of Discovery Darwin answered the call of the Captain of the Beagle and started his Start of the journey Para.1 journey of 1. Darwin,who was fascinated by rocks,plants and animals,began his adventures on the ship of the Beagle in 1831. Para.2 After he studied 2. in South America,he raised the Raise a question question:how did different species 3. Para.3 Darwin noticed that some species of animals were very 4. so he had an idea that maybe animals 5. _as they adapted to Generate an idea During the journey their changing environment. Para.4 At the Galapagos Islands,he noticed that birds on each island was Find new evidence different.It seemed 6. Para.5 Darwin suspected the finches had evolved from 7. Over Develop ideas time,it evolved into 8. Para.6 He explained his theory in his book,9. which was so After the journey Propose a theory 10. that more and more people started to believe it. The book is regarded as one of the most important works ever written,which started Evaluation with the journey on the Beagle. 品鉴语言 A Journey of Discovery The captain of the ship,the Beagle,wanted 在完成汉译英的过程中，体验和感悟文 someone who would "profit by the opportunity 章中语言表达的准确、生动与细腻。 of visiting distant countries yet little known". The person who 1. (来应聘)was 学 (67 高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版） not the captain's first choice.It was a young that interested him the most.Darwin noticed man who had left medical school without that there was a difference between the finches completing his degree.What's more,he had on each of the islands.13. (似乎它 recently received a letter from his father 们的喙已经得到进化)according to what predicting that he would be "2. food was available on that particular island. (自己和家人的羞耻)”.3. (尽管 Darwin suspected that the finches had 如此)，his adventures on this ship would evolved 14. (来自同一个祖先)， 4. (引领有史以来最重要的一项科 which had arrived on the islands a long time 学发现) before.15. (随着时间推移)，it had 5. (受质疑的年轻人)，Charles slowly evolved into many new species.And Darwin,was a geologist and naturalist,6. that was the answer to how new species of (着迷于岩石和动植物).He left plants and animals came to exist:16. England on the ship,the Beagle,in 1831.The (它们从早期的祖先进化来的)： journey gave him the chance to study various It was a completely new idea-17. living things in their natural environments. (进化论).Darwin explained this theory After Darwin had spent some time in South in his book,18. (《物种起源》)： America,his room on the ship 7. 19. (这本书直到1859年才出版) (装满了样品)of the plants and animals he and immediately 20. (引起轰动). had collected.As he studied these,he asked Many people refused to believe that living himself the question:how did different things,including humans,21. (从 species 8. (产生)？ 更低级生物进化来的).They were shocked,. At that time,people believed that all But Darwin's scientific studies were 22. species had appeared on Earth at the same (如此有说服力)that more and more time,and had not changed since.But Darwin people started to believe his theory. began to think differently.He noticed that Today,On the Origin of Species 23. some species of animals 9. (彼此 (被认为是迄今为止世界上最重要的著 间很相似).Maybe animals evolved as they 作之一).It has changed ideas about life on 10. (适应它们不断变化的环境)？ Earth forever.And it all began with the It was just an idea,but enough to 11. journey on the Beagle. (鼓舞达尔文去寻求更多证据). 重点知识 When the Beagle reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835,Darwin saw 12. 1.profit v./n. (各种各样的新物种)，but it was the birds (1).获益；得到好处；对…有用（或 68)学 Unit 5 Revealing nature 有益)》 phone.从电话里听起来，杰克非常冷淡和 profit from/by.因…而获利/受益 疏远。 profit sb.使某人获益 拓展：distance n.距离；远方 Two quarrel and a third profits by it. distantly ad.遥远地 蚌相争，渔翁得利。 at a distance隔一段距离；距离稍远 Many local people believe the develop- in the distance在远方 ment will profit them.当地的许多人认 写牛刀小试 为，这项开发将对他们有利。 1She was warned to keep her (2)n.利润；收益；赢利 distant)from John if she didn't want to a rise/an increase in profits收益的上升/ get hurt 增长 2The sound of the cheering faded away a drop/fall in profits收益的跌落/下降 the distance. make a profit赚取利润 3 Jay had always tended to keep his girlfriends Because of the recent economic crisis, a distance. investors suffer a huge drop in profits. 3.suspect v./n. 为最近的经济危机，投资者的收益大减。 (1).怀疑；感觉有问题；不信任 It will make the cinema owners happy if I suspected her motives in offering to more people go to the movies as they help.她主动要帮忙，我怀疑她的动机。 will make a bigger profit.如果更多的人 短语：suspect sb.of(doing)sth.怀疑 去看电影，电影院的老板会很高兴，因 某人做了某事 为他们会赚更多的钱。 He was suspected of stealing the ring at 写牛刀小试 the party last night..他被怀疑在昨晚的 DShe donates 10%of Ailie Candy's 聚会上偷了戒指。 (profit)to Big Smiles. (2)n.嫌疑犯 2The local farmers will profit plant- If I find someone who looks like the ing fruit trees on the hills. suspect,my immediate reaction will be to ③This company (利润下降)last tell the police..如果我发现某个人看上去 year. 像嫌疑犯，我的第一反应将会是报警。 2.distant adj.遥远的；远处的；久远的；疏 拓展：suspicious ac山.感觉可疑的；怀疑的 远的 be suspicious of对…不信任 The train station was about20 kilometres写牛刀小试 distant..火车站在大约20公里远的地方。 DSome people suspected him theft. Jack sounded very cold and distant on the 2The police suspected him of (take) 学 69 高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版） part in the jewel robbery. 然环境中各种生物的契机。在南美洲度过一 ③Why do you the information?你为 段时间后，他的船舱里堆满了收集到的动植 什么怀疑这则新闻的真实性？ 物样本。当他研究这些样本时，他产生了疑 4.lead to把…带到；领到；（道路）通 问：这些不同的物种是如何产生的？ 向；导致；使得出（观点） 当时，人们认为所有的物种都是同时出现 His actions could lead to him losing his job. 在地球上的，并从此再无变化。但达尔文开始 他的行为会让他丢掉工作。 有了不同的想法。他注意到，有些不同物种的 拓展：leading ad.最重要的；一流的；领 动物彼此间很相似。也许动物为了适应不断变 先的 化的环境会逐渐进化？虽然这只是一个设想， leader n.领导者 但足以鼓舞达尔文去寻求更多证据。 leadership n.领导力 1835年，当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯 lead to=result in=bring about=cause 群岛的时候，达尔文发现了各种各样的新物 in the lead领先 种，但是其中最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。达尔 lead/live a.life过着…的生活 文注意到，在群岛中的每一个小岛上，雀鸟 写牛刀小试 之间有所不同。它们的喙似乎是根据所在岛 ①What led you (select)your major? 屿上可觅得的食物进化而来的。 ②They were the lead.The finish line 达尔文猜想，这里所有的雀鸟都由共同 was close. 的祖先进化而来。很久以前，雀鸟的祖先来 到这片群岛，随着时间的推移，慢慢进化成 参考译文 许多新的种类。于是，关于动植物的新种类 发现之旅 是如何产生的这个问题就有了答案：它们是 贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船 从早期的祖先进化而来的。 员，这名船员将能“借此机会访问遥远而鲜 这是一个全新的观点一—进化论。达尔 为人知的国度并从中受益”。然而来应聘的 文在他的《物种起源》一书中对此进行了解 人并不是船长心中的理想人选。这个年轻人 释。这本书直到1859年才出版，出版后立即 从医学院肄业，并且在他刚收到的家书中， 引起轰动。很多人拒绝相信包括人在内的所有 父亲预言他将会成为“自己和全家人的耻 生命都是从更低级的生命形式进化而来的。他 辱”。尽管如此，他的这次乘船探险之旅将 们对此感到震惊。然而，达尔文的科学研究很 带来有史以来最重要的一项科学发现。 有说服力，越来越多的人开始接受他的理论。 我们提到的这个年轻人就是地质学家和 如今，《物种起源》被认为是迄今为止 博物学家查尔斯·达尔文，他对岩石和动植 世界上最重要的著作之一。它彻底改变了人 物有着浓厚的兴趣。1831年，他搭乘贝格 类对于地球上生命的认识。而这一切都开始 尔号从英格兰启程。这趟旅程给了他研究自于贝格尔号的探索之旅。 70)学5.width 6.bull 7.wounded 8.debates 9.define 10.interpret 11.tragedy 12.anger 13.grey 14.social issues 15.simple and lively 16.cartoon 17.Japanese 18.wire fence 19.grass leaves 20.contrast 21.opti- mistic 22.temporary 23.encouragement 24.his hope for peace 25.belief Section IV Developing ideas 文脉梳理 1.technology 2.separate 3.combination 4.ac- cessible 5.digital 6.concepts 7.creation 8.videos 9.its overall quality 10.art 11.less distinct 12.artist 13.creator 14.technology 15.expect the unexpected Unit 5 Reve Section I Starting out 精听练习 1.great distances 2.wind 3.water 4.special shapes 5.to land 6.strength 7.hundreds of kilometres 8.ocean currents 9.sea 10.float 11.fleshy fruits 12.seed 13.the parent plant 14.at life 15.soil 16.survive 17.widely spread 18.How and why 19.various wonders 重点知识 I.①preserve②reserve③maintaining④conserve ⑤preserve (⑥reserve(⑦maintain⑧conserve ⑨reserve Section ll Understanding ideas 文脉梳理 1.discovery 2.samples 3.come to exist 4.simi- lar 5.evolve 6.their beaks had evolved according to the food available 7.a common ancestor 8.many new species 9.On the Origin of Species 10.convincing 品鉴语言 1.answered the call 2.a disgrace to yourself and all your family 3.Despite all this 4.lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time 5.The young man in question 6.fascinated by rocks,plants and animals 7.was crowded with samples 8.come to exist 9.were very similar to each other 10.adapted to their changing environments 11.inspire Darwin to look for more evidence 12.a variety of new species 13.It seemed their beaks had evolved 14.from a common an- cestor 15.Over time 16.they evolved from earlier an- cestors 17.a theory of evolution 18.On the Origin of Species 19.It was not published until 1859 20.caused a storm 21.had evolved from lower forms of life 22.so convincing 23.is regarded as one of the most important works ever written 重点知识 1.①profits②from/by③fell in profit 参考答案。 重点知识 1.①进步②提前的③前进 2.①报纸不公正地将其归类为麻烦制造者。 ②is labelled as 3.①have access to②他们因向年轻观众提供易于 欣赏的剧目而享有盛名。 Section V Presenting ideas 例文鉴赏 Para.1:Issue the invitation and provide the general in- formation-the topic,time,place. Para.2:Provide the detailed information Para.3:Convey sincere hope and invitation. ealing nature 2.①distance②in③at 3.①of②taking③suspect the truth of 4.①to select②in Section lll Using language 重点语法 ①had known②hadn't told③had lived④had gone 5was;had already learnt 重点知识 1.①for;on②to blame 2.①on②by 话题词块 1.The largest animal species so far found on our pla- net is the blue whale,which can grow up to almost 30 me- tres in length and weigh over 130,000 kilos. 2.The toughest species is probably the water bear. This tiny organism can survive temperatures from 150C to a below freezing-272C. 3.The Giant Tortoise Reserve on Santa Cruz is home to several species of giant tortoise. 4.Mangroves are one of the coastal plants which serve as the habitats for various birds and fish. 5.Iguanas can be found on San Cristobal.They have developed from more primitive ones and share a common appearance. 精听练习 1.teens 2.biodiversity 3.three and a half billion 4.microscope 5.cell 6.bricks 7.consist of 8.single- celled microorganisms 9.average 10.thirty trillion 11.around thirty-nine trillion 12.turn 13.digestion 14.the food production process 15.your waste 16.other orga-nisms 17.break down 18.soil 19.diseases Section IV Developing ideas 文脉梳理 1.They use their chemicals to communicate with each other. 2.It releases chemicals to drive the insects away. 3.Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give advice as well as warnings to people. 85