Unit 9 Human Biology To Clone or not to Clone 课文翻译+短语练习+总结课件-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版选择性必修第三册

To Clone or Not to Clone 克隆还是不克隆 READ AND EXPLORE // 阅读与探索 1.7.2013 大家好，今天我们将一起学习美国著名短篇小说家欧·亨利的代表作之一——《最后一片叶子》。这是一个关于希望、友谊和牺牲的感人故事。在开始之前，我们先来看几个问题，带着问题去阅读，能帮助我们更好地理解故事内容。 ‹#› Learning objectives 1.Translate the text fluently. 2.Recognize the key words and phrases in the passage. 3.Explore thinking questions and analyze sentence structures and make imitation. Paragraph 1: 【EN】Cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a plant or animal and developing it either naturally or artificially. 【CN】克隆是指通过自然或人工方式，对动物和植物进行精确复制并使其发育的过程。 【EN】Natural cloning has been going on for generations. 【CN】自然克隆现象已经存在了数代。 【EN】For example, gardeners have been using a form of cloning when they take a cutting from a plant and place it in a suitable medium, such as soil. 【CN】例如，园丁们将植物的枝条剪下，放在合适的介质（如土壤）中培育，这就是一种他们一直使用的克隆形式。 【EN】Another example of natural cloning is identical twins, who are produced from the same egg. 【CN】自然克隆的另一个例子是同卵双胞胎，他们由同一个受精卵发育而成。 Q1:either...or...要怎么翻译？在使用中要遵循什么原则？试举例 Q2:划线部分是什么从句？如何判断这里要用who？能不能用whom？ 1.7.2013 同学们，我们今天学习一篇关于克隆技术的文章。首先来看第一段，它向我们介绍了克隆的基本定义，以及自然界中存在的两种克隆现象：植物的扦插和同卵双胞胎。请大家仔细阅读，理解这些概念。 ‹#› Paragraph 2 【EN】For years, there had been attempts to clone animals artificially. The first successfully cloned animal was a sheep named Dolly in 1996. 【CN】多年来，人们一直尝试人工克隆动物。第一只成功克隆的动物是1996年的克隆羊多利。 【EN】At first, Dolly grew normally, but later she developed an illness that is more normally found in much older animals. She lived for six and a half years, only half the life of the sheep from which she was cloned. 【CN】起初，多利的生长一切正常，但后来她患上了一种通常在老年动物身上才会出现的疾病。她活了六年半，寿命只有被克隆母羊的一半。 【EN】After Dolly, scientists have cloned more than 20 mammal species, including camels, cattle, deer, dogs, goats and mice. However, they have found a similar pattern of health problems with these other species as well. 【CN】继多利之后，科学家们已经克隆了20多种哺乳动物，包括骆驼、牛、鹿、狗、山羊和老鼠。然而，他们发现这些克隆动物也出现了（与多利羊）类似的健康问题。 【EN】This has led to questions such as, “Will this be a major issue for all cloned animals?” “Will it continue to happen forever?”. 这引发了人们的疑问：“这会成为所有克隆动物的普遍问题吗？”“这种情况会一直持续下去吗？” Q1：这是什么从句？这里的from还可以放在哪里？ 1.7.2013 第二段讲述了人工克隆的发展历程，以著名的多利羊为例。虽然克隆技术取得了突破，但多利羊的健康问题也引发了人们对克隆动物普遍健康状况的担忧。这部分内容为我们理解克隆技术的复杂性和潜在风险提供了背景。 ‹#› Paragraph 3 【EN】In January 2018, the cloning of two long-tailed monkeys, Thong Zhong and Hua Hua, was announced by Chinese scientists. They were the first-ever primates (the order of mammals which include apes, monkeys, and humans) to have been cloned! 【CN】2018年1月，中国科学家宣布成功克隆了两只长尾猴——中中和华华。它们是世界上首次被成功克隆的灵长类动物（哺乳动物的一个目，包括猿、猴和人类在内）！ 【EN】In comparison with other species, cloning primates has proved to be "much harder", and doing so with non-reproductive cells was even more complicated. 【CN】与其他物种相比，克隆灵长类动物被证明要“困难得多”，而使用非生殖细胞进行克隆则更为复杂。 【EN】Dr. Sun Qiang, director of the research team, said they had been wholly devoted to the research and had been taking care of more than 1,000 monkeys 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for more than 5 years. 【CN】该研究团队负责人孙强博士表示，他们全身心投入研究，在5年多的时间里，每周7天、每天24小时照料着1000多只猴子。 【EN】The reason they worked so hard to break this technical barrier was to get animals with edited genes and produce animal models that are helpful for medical research and human health. 【CN】他们之所以如此努力地攻克这一技术壁垒，是为了获得经过基因编辑的动物，并培育出对医学研究和人类健康有益的动物模型。 1.7.2013 第三段介绍了克隆技术的重大突破——中国科学家成功克隆了灵长类动物中中和华华。这标志着克隆技术进入了一个新的阶段。文章强调了这项工作的艰巨性和研究团队的巨大付出，并指出了其在医学研究方面的重要意义。 ‹#› be devoted to；take care of；lead to；attempt to do； be helpful for；develop an illness；find a way to Scientists ____________ solve the difficult problem of cloning. If you don’t pay attention to your health, you may easily ____________. Carelessness can ____________ serious mistakes in your exams. The researcher ____________ his work and never gives up. We should learn to ____________ ourselves and our family. They will try to ____________ improve the new technology. This method can ____________ our study and daily life. attempt to develop an illness lead to is devoted to take care of find a way to be helpful for 克隆是通过自然或人工方式复制出相同生物的过程。 Cloning is a process that creates an identical copy of a living thing naturally or artificially. 自然克隆包括植物扦插与同卵双胞胎。 Natural cloning includes plant cuttings and identical twins. 1996 年，多利羊成为首个成功克隆的动物。 In 1996, Dolly was the first sheep that was cloned successfully. 但它出现健康问题且寿命较短，这引发了人们对克隆安全性的担忧。 However, it had health problems and a short lifespan，which has raised concerns about the safety of cloning. 2018 年，中国科学家经过多年努力与多次失败，成功克隆了灵长类动物中中和华华。 In 2018, after years of hard work and many failures, Chinese scientists successfully cloned the primates Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua. 这项技术虽难度极高，但旨在助力医学研究与人类健康。 Although this technology is very difficult, it aims to support medical research and human health. Paragraph 4 【EN】The successful cloning of primates has led to worldwide praise as a huge breakthrough that might lead to cures for various diseases and may also offer clues on how to prevent the aging process. 【CN】灵长类动物克隆的成功被誉为一项重大突破，受到了全世界的赞誉。它可能为多种疾病的治疗带来新方法，也可能为延缓衰老提供线索。 【EN】With this technology, we have the potential to raise a large number of monkeys with identical genes in a short amount of time, and we can even change their genes to suit research needs. 【CN】借助这项技术，我们有潜力在短时间内培育出大量基因完全相同的猴子，甚至可以修改它们的基因以满足研究需求。 【EN】This could help save research time, reduce the number of animals required for testing, produce more accurate results, and lead to more effective treatments. 【CN】这有助于节省研究时间，减少实验所需的动物数量，获得更精确的结果，并开发出更有效的治疗方法。 Q1：a/the mumber of 的区别是什么？ 1.7.2013 第四段阐述了灵长类动物克隆成功带来的积极影响。这项技术不仅为疾病治疗和抗衰老研究提供了新的可能性，还能提高医学研究的效率和准确性。这体现了科技进步对人类健康的巨大贡献。 ‹#› Paragraph 5 【EN】Cloning, however, continues to be an issue that causes a great deal of disagreement and provokes strong emotions. While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement, others raise moral concerns. 【CN】然而，克隆技术仍然是一个引发巨大争议、激起强烈情绪的话题。尽管一些人认为它对科学进步至关重要，但另一些人则提出了道德层面的担忧。 【EN】They believe it is bound to lead to cloning of other species, and they worry about the ethical questions this raises. For example, they wonder if clones should be treated as objects or as individuals with their own identity. 【CN】他们认为这必然会导致其他物种的克隆，并对此引发的伦理问题感到担忧。例如，他们疑惑克隆体应该被当作物品对待，还是被视为拥有独立身份的个体。 【EN】Furthermore, clones may be viewed as mere copies of originals thus being seen as inferior. Finally, they worry that some organisations may abuse the technology for unethical purposes. 【CN】此外，克隆体可能会被视为原版的复制品，从而被看作是低等的。最后，他们担心一些组织可能会出于不道德的目的滥用这项技术。 Q2：对划线部分进行动词连词分析 Q1：这里的while要怎么翻译？ 1.7.2013 第五段转向了克隆技术的另一面——伦理争议。文章指出，尽管克隆技术有巨大的科学价值，但它也引发了一系列道德和伦理问题，如对克隆体地位的界定、潜在的歧视以及技术滥用的风险。这提醒我们在拥抱科技的同时，必须进行深刻的伦理思考。 ‹#› Paragraph 6 【EN】So far, it is still unknown what will happen to Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua as they grow up. Researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced. 【CN】到目前为止，我们仍不知道中中和华华在成长中会发生什么。研究人员坚持认为克隆科学应该得到进一步的探索和发展。 【EN】As Einstein said, “Science is a powerful instrument. How it is used, whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind, depends on mankind and not on the instrument. A knife is useful, but it can also kill.” 【CN】正如爱因斯坦所说：“科学是一种强有力的工具。它如何被使用，对人类是福是祸，取决于人类本身，而非工具。刀是有用的，但也可以杀人。” Q1：针对划线部分试总结insist的用法 1.7.2013 最后一段总结了全文。文章指出，克隆技术的未来仍有许多未知，但研究人员坚信其价值。结尾引用爱因斯坦的名言，强调了科学本身是中立的，其价值取决于人类如何使用它。这为我们思考科技与人文的关系提供了深刻的启示。 ‹#› have the potential to do sth；a large amount of；provoke strong emotions； be crucial for；be bound to do sth；be treated as；be viewed as Hard work ____________ your future success. This new technology ____________ change people’s life greatly. We need ____________ time to finish the research. Such a hot topic will surely ____________ among the public. You ____________ make progress if you keep practicing. Everyone should ____________ an equal member of society. The invention ____________ a big step in medical development. is crucial for has the potential to a large amount of provoke strong emotions are bound to be treated as / be viewed as is viewed as 【CN】灵长类动物克隆的成功是一个重大突破，有望治愈多种疾病、延缓衰老。 【EN】The successful cloning of primates is a huge breakthrough that may lead to cures for diseases and prevent the aging process. 【CN】这项技术有潜力在短时间内培育大量基因相同的动物，满足科研需求。 【EN】This technology has the potential to raise many genetically identical animals in a short amount of time to suit research needs. 【CN】克隆依旧是激起激烈争议的话题，对科学发展至关重要却也引发道德担忧。 【EN】Cloning remains an issue that provokes strong emotions. It is crucial for scientific advancement yet raises moral concerns. 【CN】人们认为克隆必然引发伦理难题，克隆体不应被当作物品或视作低等复制品。 【EN】It is believed that cloning is bound to cause ethical problems, and clones should not be treated as objects or viewed as inferior copies. 【CN】克隆猴的未来仍未知，科技是福是祸，取决于人类自身如何运用。 【EN】The future of cloned monkeys is still unknown, and whether science is a blessing or a curse depends on mankind itself. $