2026年中考英语复习——短文填空解题思路+12篇练习

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦短文填空题型，覆盖给音标、括号内词变形（动词时态、非谓语等）、不给词（介词、连词等）核心考点，通过“题型-词性-考点”表格系统梳理，结合8大口诀方法指导与真题训练，构建“考点梳理-方法归纳-实战应用”教学流程，助力学生突破难点。 亮点在于“口诀化记忆+分层训练”创新策略，如“有than就填比较级，圈定范围最高级”口诀，将语法规则具象化，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设置基础口诀练习和真题短文填空（A/B篇），配合详细解析，确保复习效率。教师可依此把控节奏，提升学生应考能力。

中考复习——短文填空解题方法+练习 题型 词性 考点 考点 空格填什么 给音标 括号里给词 动词 时态 一般现在时 原型/三单形式 一般过去时 动词过去式 一般将来时 原型 现在进行时 (空格全面有am/is/are) V-ing 过去进行时 (空格前面有was/were) V-ing 现在完成时（前面有have/has) 动词过去分词 被动语态 空格前面有be 动词过去分词 非谓语 空格前有介词 V-ing 找到空格前固定搭配动词A：A(sb.) to do sth. to+动词原型 找到空格前固定搭配动词A：A(sb.) doing sth. V-ing 过去分词做后置定语 动词过去分词（call-called) 形容词（具体要先根据整个句子判断所需词性和意思） 意义上修饰前面的动词 变副词 句中有than, much、a little/a bit 比较级 空格前有the, 后面有in/of之类的词 最高级 空格前面有形容词 名词 反义词 反义词 名词 复数形式 代词（一般给主格） 动词/介词后面做宾语 宾格 空格后面有名词 形容词性物主代词 意义为 “某人的东西” 名词性物主代词 意为 “......自己” 反身代词 数词（一般给基数词） 序数词 序数词的副词 次数 不给词 介词 固定搭配 in on at for since during before after by to from under above over through across between among behind beside without with about of against as like until except besides than instead 连词 上下文句意 and but or so because since if though although while when whenever until before after as than whether neither nor both either 关系词 判断宾语从句还是定语从句 that、which、who、whom、what、when、where、why、how、if、whether 冠词 一个/这个 a/an/the 短文填空8大口诀练习 1. 名词前填形容词，形容词后是名词 our teacher gave us some ____________(use) advice on how to manage time. He is patient with his _____________ (patient). 2. 介词后填名或代宾，动词变成动名词 After ______ (look) up the word, he understood it. My little sister often shares her favorite toys with ___________(I) after school. 3. 主宾不同用宾格，主宾相同反身代 Could you please pass the book to ___________(she) ？ I usually remind ___________(I)to take an umbrella on rainy days. 4. 系动词后形容词，be和感官都是系 The old house is __________(peace)in the evening. The street is ______ (crowd) on weekends. 5. 有than就填比较级，圈定范围最高级 He runs ___________(fast) than his little brother in P.E. class. Tom is ______________ (tall ) student in his class. 6. 主语之后跟谓语，时态语态单复数 Someone ______ (steal) my wallet yesterday. She ______ (lay) the baby in the bed just now. 7. 非谓语得看搭配，句子成分要理清 She wants __________(visit) her grandparents this weekend. (_______________Read) books is good for mind. We are looking forward to ___________(have) a picnic next month 8. 主干完整填副词，修饰形副和动词 She answered the question ______ (polite). 短文填空练习 A Fuzhou’s Three Knives, a centuries-old hairstyling tradition, has made a comeback after it was included in the city’s eighth group of intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) projects. The tradition dates back to the Ming Dynasty. At that time, local women used knife-like hairpins(发夹) to hold their hair in place. But these hairpins 83.______ (be) not just for looks. When enemies came, the wearers could use 84.______ (they) to protect themselves. So, these hairpins came to mean courage, power 85. ______ love for the country. Nowadays, there are many fun makeup 86. ______ (event) in Fuzhou. Lots of tourists try the special hairstyle with the Three-Knives hairpins. They go to places 87. ______ interest in the city and take photos. Everyone is 88. ______ (excite) to be part of this old tradition. To make the hairpins interesting for young people, craftsmen decide 89. ______ (change) the designs. They are adding things that are special to Fuzhou, like the pretty designs from Fuzhou bodiless lacquerware(脱胎漆器) and the smooth horn comb(牛角梳). Lin Xianzhou, who sticks to 90. ______ (keep) this tradition alive, is working hard. He has 91. ______ (connect) the way of making lacquerware with wooden hairpins. By doing this, two old traditions from Fuzhou can live together and stay popular for 92. ______ long time. B In ancient China, a study necessarily meant reading and writing hanzi. As for this, there were four important tools named the Four Treasures of the Study, which no student could ever afford to be without. Students used 81. ______ (they) to take notes, produce articles, create paintings, or to practice calligraphy(书法). A good brush is 82. ______ first tool. It often has a handle of wood, and it always 83. ______ (use) real animal hair for its brush. For calligraphy, the tip of the brush is often shaped. This allows the brush to be used both to draw small details and wide 84. ______ (line). Another one is the inkstick, which is made by 85. ______ (mix) soot or charcoal (木炭) with some sort of paste. 86. ______ (tradition) inksticks are always black. The inkstick is useless without the next tool, the inkstone. To use an inkstone, an inkstick is pressed into it with water to produce ink. Many of these inkstones are highly 87. ______ (decorate) and considered works of art. The final treasure is paper. Xuan paper, which is produced 88. ______ Anhui Province, is the most famous paper used for writing hanzi. It is loved because it is strong 89. ______ smooth, and easily holds the ink. Today more modern tools are used, but Chinese Four Treasures of the Study are still necessary for anyone who 90. ______ (serious) wants to practice Chinese calligraphy. 参考答案 一、短文填空8大口诀答案 1.useful; patients 名词前填形容词：advice是名词，前用useful；形容词后是名词：patient（耐心）是形容词，后接名词patient（病人），因主语是He，用复数patients。 2.looking; me 介词后填名或代宾：After是介词，look变looking；with是介词，I变me。 3.her; myself 主宾不同用宾格：pass sth to sb，she变her；主宾相同反身代：remind oneself，I变myself。 4.peaceful; crowded 系动词后形容词：is后接peaceful/crowded作表语。 5.faster; the tallest 有than就填比较级：than用faster；圈定范围最高级：in his class用the tallest。 6.stole; laid 时态语态单复数：yesterday用stole；just now用laid（注意lay的过去式是laid）。 7.to visit; Reading; having 非谓语看搭配：want to do；Read作主语用Reading；look forward to doing用having。 8.politely 主干完整填副词：answered是动词，用politely修饰。 二、 短文填空练习解析 A 篇解析 【语篇导读】​ 本文介绍了福州非物质文化遗产“三把刀”的历史渊源、功能演变及其在现代的创新与发展。 83. were​ 【考点】​ 动词的时态与主谓一致。 【解析】​ 根据上下文 “At that time” 可知，此处描述过去的事实，应用一般过去时；主语 “hairpins” 为复数形式，故 be 动词用 were。 84. them​ 【考点】​ 代词的格（宾格）。 【解析】​ 动词 “use” 后接宾语，需用代词的宾格形式；指代前文提到的 “hairpins”，故填 them。 85. and​ 【考点】​ 并列连词。 【解析】​ “courage（勇气）”、“power（力量）” 和 “love（爱）” 是三个并列的名词，共同作 “mean” 的宾语，故用 and​ 连接。 86. events​ 【考点】​ 名词的单复数。 【解析】​ 限定词 “many” 修饰可数名词复数，故将 “event” 变为复数形式 events。 87. of​ 【考点】​ 介词的固定搭配。 【解析】​ 固定短语 “places of interest” 意为 “名胜古迹”，故填 of。 88. excited​ 【考点】​ 形容词辨析（-ed 结尾 vs. -ing 结尾）。 【解析】​ 此处修饰人 “Everyone”，表示“感到兴奋的”，应用 -ed​ 结尾的形容词 excited。 89. to change​ 【考点】​ 非谓语动词（动词不定式）。 【解析】​ 固定搭配 “decide to do sth.” 意为 “决定做某事”，故用 to change。 90. keeping​ 【考点】​ 非谓语动词（动名词）。 【解析】​ 固定搭配 “stick to doing sth.” 意为 “坚持做某事”，其中 “to” 是介词，后接动名词，故填 keeping。 91. connected​ 【考点】​ 动词的时态（现在完成时）。 【解析】​ 根据助动词 “has” 可知，此处为现在完成时（have/has + done）；动词 “connect” 的过去分词为规则变化 connected。 92. a​ 【考点】​ 冠词与固定搭配。 【解析】​ 固定短语 “for a long time” 意为 “持续很长时间”，表示泛指，且 “long” 以辅音音素开头，故填 a。 B 篇解析 【语篇导读】​ 本文介绍了中国古代文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）各自的特点及其在现代社会的意义。 81. them​ 【考点】​ 代词的格（宾格）。 【解析】​ 动词 “used” 后接宾语，指代前文提到的 “tools”，需用宾格形式 them。 82. the​ 【考点】​ 冠词（定冠词）。 【解析】​ 序数词 “first” 前必须加定冠词 the，表示特指。 83. uses​ 【考点】​ 动词的时态与主谓一致。 【解析】​ 此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语 “it”（指代 brush）为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式 uses。 84. lines​ 【考点】​ 名词的单复数。 【解析】​ 与 “small details” 并列，表示泛指的线条，应用复数形式 lines。 85. mixing​ 【考点】​ 非谓语动词（动名词）。 【解析】​ 介词 “by”（通过……方式）后接动名词，故填 mixing。 86. Traditional​ 【考点】​ 词性转换（名词 → 形容词）。 【解析】​ 此处修饰名词 “inksticks”，应用形容词形式；句首首字母大写，故填 Traditional。 87. decorated​ 【考点】​ 被动语态。 【解析】​ 主语 “inkstones” 与动词 “decorate” 之间是被动关系（砚台被装饰），且前面有系动词 “are”，故用过去分词 decorated。 88. in​ 【考点】​ 介词的固定搭配。 【解析】​ 固定表达 “produced in + 地点” 意为 “产于某地”，故填 in。 89. and​ 【考点】​ 并列连词。 【解析】​ “strong” 和 “smooth” 是并列的形容词，共同描述宣纸的特性，故用 and​ 连接。 90. seriously​ 【考点】​ 词性转换（形容词 → 副词）。 【解析】​ 此处修饰动词 “wants”，应用副词形式 seriously（认真地）。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $