Unit 4 Weather and our lives 单元测试卷【B卷 ★ 对接新中考】-六年级英语下册单元整体优化精准练（新教材沪教版五四制）

Unit 4 Weather and our lives单元测试卷 【B卷 ◆ 对接新中考】 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） （第一部分 语法和词汇） I. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案，每题只有一个正确答案）（本大题共10题， 每题1分，共10分） Do you like sunny days? Some people like sunny 1 because they can go out to do what they like. And on holidays or at weekends, they enjoy going to the beach 2 sunbathing. It 3 them happy. But they don’t like rain. They always feel sad 4 it rains. I like sunshine very much, and I enjoy rain too. 5 rainy days, I like to do some reading or just look out of the window and daydream. I sometimes listen to music and sing 6 to myself. I sometimes think about 7 wonderful holiday. I don’t need to do 8 homework or feel nervous about the exam. Sometimes, I just have a good rest and sleep when it’s 9 . Sunshine often makes a person run around and rain often makes a person stay in. Which do you like better? I hope you 10 have a good time no matter whether it’s sunny or rainy. 1．A．day B．day’s C．days 2．A．enjoying B．enjoy C．to enjoy 3．A．make B．makes C．are making 4．A．before B．when C．after 5．A．On B．For C．At 6．A．quiet B．quieter C．quietly 7．A．the B．an C．a 8．A．my B．I C．me 9．A．rain B．rainy C．rains 10．A．can B．must C．have to II. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once.（本大题共5题，每题1分，共5分） 选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每题只有一个正确选 项，每个选项只能使用一次。 A．dry   B．mountains   C． nearest   D．heavily   E. wet   F. trouble There was a very bad storm last night. The wind blew fiercely and the rain came down 11 . There were floods (洪水) in some streets. The water went into people’s houses, so they had to leave. Many homeless people had to go to the 12 shelter for help. Policemen and firemen in our city were busy helping people in 13 . We often have heavy rain, but not at this time of the year. It is usually 14 in March. Our teacher told us that the weather is different from that in the past. This is because the world is getting warmer. It’s also called global warming. Global warming is not only harmful to human beings, but also to other living things in the world. If it gets too warm, the ice will melt at the poles. There will be very bad floods everywhere, and we will all have to move to the 15 ! Therefore, let’s save the environment. Try our best to stop polluting the air. III. Complete the following passage with the given words in their proper forms.（本大题共5小题，每题1分，共5分） 用所给单词的正确形式填空。 In the 16 (north) part of our country, the weather can be quite different from the south. During the summer, the heat can be 17 (extreme) strong. It’s 18 (bad) than in other seasons. The sun shines brightly all day, and the temperature can rise very high. People often stay 19 (indoor) to keep away from the heat. With air conditioning and fans, we can still stay cool and comfortable. The 20 (season) changes remind us of the importance of getting used to nature. IV. Complete the following dialogue as required.（本大题共5小题，每题2分，共10分） 根据所给要求完成对话 Amy is making a video call to her best friend Mia. Amy: Hi, Mia. 21___________（一般疑问句，确认对方是否在祖父母家） Mia: Hello, Amy. Yes, I am. The weather here is really cold. Amy: Really? Is it snowing now? Mia: Yes. 22___________（陈述句，描述外面大雪纷飞的景象） Have a look. Amy: Wow! The temperature must be very low. Mia: You’re right. 23___________（陈述句，具体说明室外低温数值） But it’s really warm inside. Amy: I see you’re just wearing a T-shirt at home. 24___________（特殊疑问句，询问对方正在做什么） Mia: I’m playing games with my cousins. How about you? Amy: I am sunbathing outside. 25___________（陈述句，描述自己所在地阳光充足的天气） Mia: Oh, lucky you! I miss the sunshine. Amy: Then come back early and sunbathe with me! Mia: OK. See you! （第二部分 读写） V. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（本大题共22题，共50分） A. Choose the best answer（根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案）（每题2分，共20分） （A） 配对阅读　下面左栏是五个地方的天气情况，右栏是七项活动的介绍。请将左右栏匹配。 26 What a sunny day! It is very hot. Everyone wants to go somewhere cool. 27 It’s Sunday today and it is cool and a little windy. 28 It is raining now. The rain is so good and in time after many hot days. 29 A heavy snow is coming down.It’s white everywhere.It’s cold outside. 30 Spring is here. What a comfortable day! It is neither hot nor cold. It is good for an activity outside the school. A．People are planting trees in the rain. They are all wet, but they are happy. Because they don’t need to water the trees and the trees can grow fast. B．Lily is ill. Her mother is driving her to the hospital. C． Peter doesn’t go to school on Sunday. He is flying a kite in the park with his friend Frank. D．Birds are singing happily in the trees. Everything begins to grow and turn green. The students are going on a school trip in the mountains. E. This is the happiest time for children. Look! They are playing with snow. They are building snowmen. F. The children can’t stand the hot weather and they are having great fun in the pool. They feel much cooler now. G. Mr Green and Mrs Green are fishing. Look! There is a big fish in Mr Green’s hand. How happy they are! （B） This March, China has experienced unusual weather changes. On March 25, Shanghai recorded 30°C, breaking its 1933 record for the earliest hot day. Normally, Shanghai’s first 30°C day comes in late April or May. But the heat didn’t last. A cold wave hit China from March 24 to 30, causing temperature drops of over 20°C in some areas. Northern China faced its coldest days between March 27-29, while southern China will feel similar cold around March 29-30. Hot Days and Big Changes In March, 20 cities like Changsha, Hefei, and Zhengzhou saw temperatures swing wildly. From March 1-24, daily highs jumped between below 10°C to over 22°C． Hefei had the most extreme change: temperatures dropped 20°C in one day. On March 3, it went from 28°C at 2 p.m. to 14.8°C by 3 p.m. due to a strong cold wind. Many places also broke heat records. Over 300 weather stations reported their hottest March days. Cities in Henan, Hubei, and Zhejiang might see their earliest 35°C days ever. Cold Wave Coming As March ends, temperatures will fall sharply. 11 cities like Lanzhou, Guiyang, and Xining might see 20°C drops within 48 hours. For example, Xining could go from 18°C to -3°C． Such sudden cold weather is rare. In the past 74 years, only Guiyang had over 10 cases of 20°C drops in March. This year, Xining and Lanzhou may break their own records. Scientists say climate change is making March weather hotter and less predictable. They advise checking weather reports daily and dressing in layers (分层穿衣). 31．Which city broke its earliest 30°C day record on March 25? A．Beijing B．Shanghai C．Guangzhou D．Chengdu 32．What is the main reason for warmer March weather in recent years? A．More factories were built B．Climate change C．People wearing lighter clothes D．Longer daylight hours 33．The word “predictable” in the last paragraph means ________. A．easy to forecast B．full of surprises C．very dangerous D．extremely hot 34．What should people do during rapid temperature changes? A．Stay indoors all day B．Wear the same clothes daily C．Check weather reports and dress in layers D．Travel to warmer cities 35．What is the main idea of the article? A．March is always warm in China B．China’s March weather is becoming more extreme C．Cold waves are better than heatwaves D．People should move to warmer cities B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）（每题2分，共12分） More accurate forecasts 36 weather forecasts have become more reliable, there is still a need for greater accuracy. Better forecasts could save industries across the world many billions of dollars each year. Better frost predictions, for example, could save fruit growers millions of dollars each year. Fruits such as oranges are very vulnerable to frost—they die in cold, wet weather. With more accurate frost forecasts, fruit farmers could plant when they know the tender seedlings (幼苗) wouldn’t be 37 by frost. More accurate rain forecasts would enable farmers to plan timely irrigation schedules and avoid floods. Imperfect weather forecasts 38 construction companies to waste both time and money. A construction foreman might call his crew in to work, only to have it rain when the crew can’t work. A (n) 39 cold weather could ruin a freshly poured concrete foundation (混凝土地基). Power companies would also benefit from accurate forecasts. They adjust their systems when they expect extreme temperatures because people will use their air conditioning more on these days. If the forecast predicts a hot, humid day and it turns out to be cool, the power company 40 money. The extra electricity or gas it bought doesn’t get used. Responding to such 41 , meteorologists are working to develop new tools and new methods that will improve their ability to forecast the weather. 36．A．As B．Unless C．After D．Although 37．A．saved B．killed C．planted D．grown 38．A．encourage B．enable C．push D．cause 39．A．unexpected B．predicted C．accurate D．timely 40．A．saves B．loses C．gets D．makes 41．A．information B．weather C．needs D．money C. Read the passage and answer the following questions.（前五小题每题2分，最后小题8分；共18分） 阅读短文，回答问题。 Weather forecasting has a long history. Long ago, people looked at the sky, animals, and plants to guess the weather. For example, if a red sky appeared at sunset, they thought the next day would be fine. In ancient China, farmers used a calendar based on solar terms to help with planting and harvesting. These solar terms described weather changes, such as “Rain Water” and “Awakening of Insects”. In the 19th century, the telegraph was invented. This allowed weather information to be sent quickly from one place to another. Soon, the first weather maps were drawn. Today, meteorologists use satellites, radar, and supercomputers to predict the weather. They can track storms from space and warn people days in advance. Still, long-term forecasts (over 10 days) are not very accurate because the atmosphere is chaotic. Even with modern technology, mistakes happen. That’s why many people still pay attention to traditional signs, like the behaviour of birds or the shape of clouds. 42．What did people in ancient times use to guess the weather?   43．What helped weather information travel faster in the 19th century?   44．Can meteorologists accurately predict the weather for more than 10 days? Why?   45．Why do some people still watch birds or clouds for weather signs?   46．What is one example of a solar term mentioned in the passage?   VI Writing（写作）（本大题共2大题，共20分） A. Translation (第一题1分；第二、三题各2分，共5分) 47．我们应该学会为季节性变化做准备。(chane) ________________________________ 48．自从20年前地球的平均气温已经上升了。(increase) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 49．我们应该采取行动保护自然环境，从而减少极端天气的出现。(protect) ______________________________________________ B．Please write a short passage of at least 60 words (请写一篇不少于60词的短文) （共15分） 50．假如你是李华，你的好朋友Lily计划来你的家乡（hometown）旅游，她想了解一下当地的天气情况。请你根据表格中所提供的信息，给Lily写一封邮件，介绍一下你家乡一年四季的天气情况，向她推荐来你家乡旅游的最佳时间，并陈述理由。 Season Weather Spring warm but windy Summer hot and rainy sometimes Autumn cool and the air is fresh Winter cold and snowy 要求： 1. 短文必须包括所给提示，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； 3. 文中不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）； 4. 词数：不少于60词。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Weather and our lives单元测试卷 【B卷 ◆ 对接新中考】 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） （第一部分 语法和词汇） I. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案，每题只有一个正确答案）（本大题共10题， 每题1分，共10分） Do you like sunny days? Some people like sunny 1 because they can go out to do what they like. And on holidays or at weekends, they enjoy going to the beach 2 sunbathing. It 3 them happy. But they don’t like rain. They always feel sad 4 it rains. I like sunshine very much, and I enjoy rain too. 5 rainy days, I like to do some reading or just look out of the window and daydream. I sometimes listen to music and sing 6 to myself. I sometimes think about 7 wonderful holiday. I don’t need to do 8 homework or feel nervous about the exam. Sometimes, I just have a good rest and sleep when it’s 9 . Sunshine often makes a person run around and rain often makes a person stay in. Which do you like better? I hope you 10 have a good time no matter whether it’s sunny or rainy. 1．A．day B．day’s C．days 2．A．enjoying B．enjoy C．to enjoy 3．A．make B．makes C．are making 4．A．before B．when C．after 5．A．On B．For C．At 6．A．quiet B．quieter C．quietly 7．A．the B．an C．a 8．A．my B．I C．me 9．A．rain B．rainy C．rains 10．A．can B．must C．have to 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文表达了作者既喜欢晴天也喜欢雨天的生活态度，晴天让人外出活动，雨天则适合阅读、遐想、休息，无论何种天气都能找到快乐。 1．句意：有些人喜欢晴天，因为他们可以外出做喜欢的事。 sunny days“晴天”为复数名词作宾语，days符合语境。day“天”为单数、day’s“天的”为所有格，均不能表示泛指的多天晴天。 2．句意：在假期或周末，他们喜欢去海滩享受日光浴。 此处表示海滩的目的，不定式to enjoy表目的，符合语境。enjoying为动名词、enjoy为原形，均不能作目的状语。 3．句意：这让他们开心。 主语It为单数，谓语用makes，符合语境。make为原形、are making为进行时，均不符合一般现在时主谓一致的要求。 4．句意：下雨时他们总是感到难过。 此处表示下雨时的感受，when引导时间状语从句，符合语境。before“在……之前”、after“在……之后”均不能表达“下雨时同步感受”的伴随关系。 5．句意：在雨天，我喜欢阅读或只是望着窗外做白日梦。 表示在具体的某些日子用介词On。For后接时间段、At后接时间点，均不能与具体的“下雨天”搭配。 6．句意：我有时听音乐，轻声唱歌给自己听。 修饰动词sing需用副词quietly“轻声地”，符合语境。quiet为形容词、quieter为比较级，均不能作状语修饰动词。 7．句意：我有时会想一个美好的假期。 泛指“一个”假期，wonderful以辅音音素开头，用a符合语境。the为特指、an用于元音音素前，不符合。 8．句意：我不需要做我的作业，也不用为考试紧张。 修饰homework需用形容词性物主代词my“我的”，符合语境。I为人称代词主格、me为人称代词宾格，均不能作定语修饰名词。 9．句意：下雨时，我有时就好好休息睡一觉。 此处用形容词作表语，rainy符合语境。rain为名词/动词、rains为单三形式，均不能放在it’s后作表语描述天气状态。 10．句意：我希望不管晴天还是雨天，你都能玩得开心。 此处表述祝福，希望对方能玩得开心，can“能够”符合语境。must“必须”、have to“不得不”均不符合祝福语气。 II. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once.（本大题共5题，每题1分，共5分） 选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每题只有一个正确选 项，每个选项只能使用一次。 A．dry   B．mountains   C． nearest   D．heavily   E. wet   F. trouble There was a very bad storm last night. The wind blew fiercely and the rain came down 11 . There were floods (洪水) in some streets. The water went into people’s houses, so they had to leave. Many homeless people had to go to the 12 shelter for help. Policemen and firemen in our city were busy helping people in 13 . We often have heavy rain, but not at this time of the year. It is usually 14 in March. Our teacher told us that the weather is different from that in the past. This is because the world is getting warmer. It’s also called global warming. Global warming is not only harmful to human beings, but also to other living things in the world. If it gets too warm, the ice will melt at the poles. There will be very bad floods everywhere, and we will all have to move to the 15 ! Therefore, let’s save the environment. Try our best to stop polluting the air. 【答案】11．D 12．C 13．F 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述了一次反常暴雨引发洪水的事件，进而介绍全球变暖带来的气候问题与危害，呼吁人们保护环境。 11．句意：风猛烈地刮，雨倾盆而下。此处需用副词修饰动词短语come down，且能描述“下雨”的只有D项heavily“猛烈地、大量地”。 12．句意：许多无家可归的人不得不前往最近的避难所求助。此处是形容词修饰名词shelter；洪水迫使人们离开家园，人们应前往最近的避难所求助，C项nearest“最近的”符合语境。 13．句意：我们城市的警察和消防员忙着帮助陷入困境的人们。in trouble是固定搭配，意为“陷入困境”，F项trouble符合语境和搭配。 14．句意：三月这里通常气候干燥。“We often have heavy rain, but not at this time of the year”提示这个时节雨量不大，因此三月通常是干燥的，A项dry“干燥的”符合语境。 15．句意：到处都会发生严重的洪水，我们都将不得不搬到山区去！前文提到冰川融化、全球洪水泛滥，可推知海拔更低的区域会被淹没，人们需要搬到海拔更高的山区，B项mountains“山”符合语境。 III. Complete the following passage with the given words in their proper forms.（本大题共5小题，每题1分，共5分） 用所给单词的正确形式填空。 In the 16 (north) part of our country, the weather can be quite different from the south. During the summer, the heat can be 17 (extreme) strong. It’s 18 (bad) than in other seasons. The sun shines brightly all day, and the temperature can rise very high. People often stay 19 (indoor) to keep away from the heat. With air conditioning and fans, we can still stay cool and comfortable. The 20 (season) changes remind us of the importance of getting used to nature. 【答案】16．northern 17．extremely 18．worse 19．indoors 20．seasonal 【导语】本文主要介绍了我国北方地区夏季的天气状况以及人们应对炎热天气的方式，还提到了季节变化提醒人们适应自然的重要性。 16．句意：在我们国家的北方地区，天气与南方可能大不相同。此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词part，north的形容词形式是northern，表示“北方的”，所以填northern。 17．句意：在夏天，炎热可能极其强烈。strong是形容词，需要用副词来修饰，extreme的副词形式是extremely，表示“极其，非常”，所以填extremely。 18．句意：这比其他季节更糟糕。根据than可知，这里要用比较级，bad的比较级是worse，所以填worse。 19．句意：人们常常待在室内以避暑。stay indoors意为“待在室内”，所以填indoors。 20．句意：季节的变化提醒我们适应自然的重要性。此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词changes，season的形容词形式是seasonal，表示“季节性的”，所以填seasonal。 IV. Complete the following dialogue as required.（本大题共5小题，每题2分，共10分） 根据所给要求完成对话 Amy is making a video call to her best friend Mia. Amy: Hi, Mia. 21___________（一般疑问句，确认对方是否在祖父母家） Mia: Hello, Amy. Yes, I am. The weather here is really cold. Amy: Really? Is it snowing now? Mia: Yes. 22___________（陈述句，描述外面大雪纷飞的景象） Have a look. Amy: Wow! The temperature must be very low. Mia: You’re right. 23___________（陈述句，具体说明室外低温数值） But it’s really warm inside. Amy: I see you’re just wearing a T-shirt at home. 24___________（特殊疑问句，询问对方正在做什么） Mia: I’m playing games with my cousins. How about you? Amy: I am sunbathing outside. 25___________（陈述句，描述自己所在地阳光充足的天气） Mia: Oh, lucky you! I miss the sunshine. Amy: Then come back early and sunbathe with me! Mia: OK. See you! 【答案 & 解析】 【导语】本文是Amy和Mia的视频通话对话，两人交流了各自所在地的天气及正在做的事。 21. Are you in your grandparents’ home now? 【解析】根据答语 “Yes, I am.” 可知，此处应为一个由 Be 动词引导的一般疑问句，且主语为 you。结合后文提到的寒冷天气和后面提到的 cousins（表/堂兄弟姐妹），推测 Amy 在询问 Mia 是否在某位亲戚家。选项 C “Are you in your grandparents’ home now?” 符合语境和语法要求，且为一般疑问句。 22. It is snowing heavily and the wind is blowing hard. 【解析】根据上文 “Is it snowing now?” 和回答 “Yes.”，以及下文 “Have a look.”（看一看），可知此处 Mia 正在描述外面的恶劣天气状况，以便让 Amy 通过视频看到或想象。选项 D “It is snowing heavily and the wind is blowing hard.” 具体描述了大雪和强风，符合语境逻辑。 23. It is -20℃ outside. 【解析】根据上文 Amy 说的 “The temperature must be very low.”（温度一定很低），Mia 表示赞同 “You’re right.”，接着应该给出具体的温度证据来支持这一观点。选项 A “It is -20℃ outside.” 提供了具体的低温数据，与上下文紧密衔接。 24. What are you doing? 【解析】根据答语 “I’m playing games with my cousins.”（我正在和表兄弟姐妹玩游戏）可知，此处 Amy 询问的是 Mia 当前正在进行的动作。因此需要使用现在进行时的特殊疑问句。选项 B “What are you doing?” 符合题意。 25. The weather here is always sunny and warm, you know. 【解析】根据上文 Amy 说 “I am sunbathing outside.”（我正在外面日光浴），以及下文 Mia 说 “Oh, lucky you! I miss the sunshine.”（哦，你真幸运！我怀念阳光。）可知，Amy 所在的地方天气晴朗温暖。选项 E “The weather here is always sunny and warm, you know.” 解释了为什么可以在外面日光浴，并与 Mia 的寒冷环境形成对比，符合语境。 （第二部分 读写） V. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（本大题共22题，共50分） A. Choose the best answer（根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案）（每题2分，共20分） （A） 配对阅读　下面左栏是五个地方的天气情况，右栏是七项活动的介绍。请将左右栏匹配。 26 What a sunny day! It is very hot. Everyone wants to go somewhere cool. 27 It’s Sunday today and it is cool and a little windy. 28 It is raining now. The rain is so good and in time after many hot days. 29 A heavy snow is coming down.It’s white everywhere.It’s cold outside. 30 Spring is here. What a comfortable day! It is neither hot nor cold. It is good for an activity outside the school. A．People are planting trees in the rain. They are all wet, but they are happy. Because they don’t need to water the trees and the trees can grow fast. B．Lily is ill. Her mother is driving her to the hospital. C． Peter doesn’t go to school on Sunday. He is flying a kite in the park with his friend Frank. D．Birds are singing happily in the trees. Everything begins to grow and turn green. The students are going on a school trip in the mountains. E. This is the happiest time for children. Look! They are playing with snow. They are building snowmen. F. The children can’t stand the hot weather and they are having great fun in the pool. They feel much cooler now. G. Mr Green and Mrs Green are fishing. Look! There is a big fish in Mr Green’s hand. How happy they are! 【答案】26．F 27．C 28．A 29．E 30．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，描述了五个地方的天气情况，需将其与七项活动介绍相匹配。 26．根据天气描述“What a sunny day! It is very hot. Everyone wants to go somewhere cool.”可知，天气炎热，人们想去凉爽的地方。F选项“孩子们受不了炎热的天气，他们在游泳池里玩得很开心。他们现在感觉凉快多了。”与之匹配。故选F。 27．根据天气描述“It’s Sunday today and it is cool and a little windy.”可知，今天是周日，天气凉爽且有风。C选项“彼得周日不用上学。他正和好朋友弗兰克在公园里放风筝。”与之匹配。故选C。 28．根据天气描述“It is raining now. The rain is so good and in time after many hot days.”可知，现在正在下雨，这场雨在炎热天气后非常及时。A选项“人们正在雨中植树。他们都湿了，但很开心，因为他们不需要给树浇水，而且树长得很快。”与之匹配。故选A。 29．根据天气描述“A heavy snow is coming down. It’s white everywhere. It’s cold outside.”可知，下大雪了，外面很冷。E选项“这是孩子们最开心的时光。看！他们在玩雪，他们在堆雪人。”与之匹配。故选E。 30．根据天气描述“Spring is here. What a comfortable day! It is neither hot nor cold. It is good for an activity outside the school.”可知，春天来了，天气舒适，不冷不热，适合校外活动。D选项“鸟儿在树上欢快地歌唱。万物开始生长变绿。学生们正在山上进行学校郊游。”与之匹配。故选D。 （B） This March, China has experienced unusual weather changes. On March 25, Shanghai recorded 30°C, breaking its 1933 record for the earliest hot day. Normally, Shanghai’s first 30°C day comes in late April or May. But the heat didn’t last. A cold wave hit China from March 24 to 30, causing temperature drops of over 20°C in some areas. Northern China faced its coldest days between March 27-29, while southern China will feel similar cold around March 29-30. Hot Days and Big Changes In March, 20 cities like Changsha, Hefei, and Zhengzhou saw temperatures swing wildly. From March 1-24, daily highs jumped between below 10°C to over 22°C． Hefei had the most extreme change: temperatures dropped 20°C in one day. On March 3, it went from 28°C at 2 p.m. to 14.8°C by 3 p.m. due to a strong cold wind. Many places also broke heat records. Over 300 weather stations reported their hottest March days. Cities in Henan, Hubei, and Zhejiang might see their earliest 35°C days ever. Cold Wave Coming As March ends, temperatures will fall sharply. 11 cities like Lanzhou, Guiyang, and Xining might see 20°C drops within 48 hours. For example, Xining could go from 18°C to -3°C． Such sudden cold weather is rare. In the past 74 years, only Guiyang had over 10 cases of 20°C drops in March. This year, Xining and Lanzhou may break their own records. Scientists say climate change is making March weather hotter and less predictable. They advise checking weather reports daily and dressing in layers (分层穿衣). 31．Which city broke its earliest 30°C day record on March 25? A．Beijing B．Shanghai C．Guangzhou D．Chengdu 32．What is the main reason for warmer March weather in recent years? A．More factories were built B．Climate change C．People wearing lighter clothes D．Longer daylight hours 33．The word “predictable” in the last paragraph means ________. A．easy to forecast B．full of surprises C．very dangerous D．extremely hot 34．What should people do during rapid temperature changes? A．Stay indoors all day B．Wear the same clothes daily C．Check weather reports and dress in layers D．Travel to warmer cities 35．What is the main idea of the article? A．March is always warm in China B．China’s March weather is becoming more extreme C．Cold waves are better than heatwaves D．People should move to warmer cities 【答案】31．B 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．B 【导语】本文主要介绍的是中国三月的天气正变得更加极端。 31．根据第一段“This March, China has experienced unusual weather changes. On March 25, Shanghai recorded 30°C, breaking its 1933 record for the earliest hot day.”可知，是上海在3月25日打破了最早30°C的记录。 32．由最后一段“Scientists say climate change is making March weather hotter and less predictable.”可知，近年来三月天气更暖和的主要原因是气候变化。 33．根据语境“Scientists say climate change is making March weather hotter and less predictable. They advise checking weather reports daily and dressing in layers (分层穿衣).”，科学家说气候变化让三月天气更热且更难以预测，所以才建议每天查看天气预报和分层穿衣，可推测predictable意思是“容易预测的”，与easy to forecast意思相近. 34．从最后一段“They advise checking weather reports daily and dressing in layers (分层穿衣).”可知，在气温快速变化时，人们应该每天查看天气预报并分层穿衣。 35．文章主要讲述了2025年3月中国经历了不寻常的天气变化，气温波动大，打破了很多记录等，整体表明中国三月的天气变得更加极端，B选项符合文章主旨。 B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）（每题2分，共12分） More accurate forecasts 36 weather forecasts have become more reliable, there is still a need for greater accuracy. Better forecasts could save industries across the world many billions of dollars each year. Better frost predictions, for example, could save fruit growers millions of dollars each year. Fruits such as oranges are very vulnerable to frost—they die in cold, wet weather. With more accurate frost forecasts, fruit farmers could plant when they know the tender seedlings (幼苗) wouldn’t be 37 by frost. More accurate rain forecasts would enable farmers to plan timely irrigation schedules and avoid floods. Imperfect weather forecasts 38 construction companies to waste both time and money. A construction foreman might call his crew in to work, only to have it rain when the crew can’t work. A (n) 39 cold weather could ruin a freshly poured concrete foundation (混凝土地基). Power companies would also benefit from accurate forecasts. They adjust their systems when they expect extreme temperatures because people will use their air conditioning more on these days. If the forecast predicts a hot, humid day and it turns out to be cool, the power company 40 money. The extra electricity or gas it bought doesn’t get used. Responding to such 41 , meteorologists are working to develop new tools and new methods that will improve their ability to forecast the weather. 36．A．As B．Unless C．After D．Although 37．A．saved B．killed C．planted D．grown 38．A．encourage B．enable C．push D．cause 39．A．unexpected B．predicted C．accurate D．timely 40．A．saves B．loses C．gets D．makes 41．A．information B．weather C．needs D．money 【答案】36．D 37．B 38．D 39．A 40．B 41．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了天气预报的准确性对各个行业的重要性，并指出提高预报准确性可以节省大量成本。 36．句意：尽管天气预报变得更加可靠，但仍需要更高的准确性。 As因为；Unless除非；After在……之后；Although尽管。根据“weather forecasts have become more reliable”和“there is still a need for greater accuracy”可知，前后分句为让步关系，即：虽然天气预报很准确，但是仍然需要更高的准确性，故选D。 37．句意：有了更准确的霜冻预报，果农就可以在知道幼嫩的幼苗不会被霜冻冻死的情况下进行种植。 saved拯救；killed杀死；planted种植；grown成长。根据“they die in cold, wet weather”可知，霜冻会导致幼苗死亡，故选B。 38．句意：不完美的天气预报会导致建筑公司浪费时间和金钱。 encourage鼓励；enable使能够；push推动；cause导致。根据“waste both time and money”可知，不完美的预报导致浪费时间和金钱，故选D。 39．句意：意外的寒冷天气可能会毁掉刚浇筑的混凝土地基。 unexpected意外的；predicted预测的；accurate准确的；timely及时的。根据“A construction foreman might call his crew in to work, only to have it rain when the crew can’t work.”可知，此处指意外的天气，故选A。 40．句意：如果天气预报预测当天天气炎热潮湿，但结果天气凉爽，电力公司就会亏钱。 saves节省；loses亏损；gets得到；makes赚钱。根据“The extra electricity or gas it bought doesn’t get used.”可知，电力公司会亏损，故选B。 41．句意：针对这些需求，气象学家正在努力开发新的工具和方法，以提高天气预报的能力。 information信息；weather天气；needs需求；money金钱。根据“improve their ability to forecast the weather”可知，气象学家是为了满足需求，故选C。 C. Read the passage and answer the following questions.（前五小题每题2分，最后小题8分；共18分） 阅读短文，回答问题。 Weather forecasting has a long history. Long ago, people looked at the sky, animals, and plants to guess the weather. For example, if a red sky appeared at sunset, they thought the next day would be fine. In ancient China, farmers used a calendar based on solar terms to help with planting and harvesting. These solar terms described weather changes, such as “Rain Water” and “Awakening of Insects”. In the 19th century, the telegraph was invented. This allowed weather information to be sent quickly from one place to another. Soon, the first weather maps were drawn. Today, meteorologists use satellites, radar, and supercomputers to predict the weather. They can track storms from space and warn people days in advance. Still, long-term forecasts (over 10 days) are not very accurate because the atmosphere is chaotic. Even with modern technology, mistakes happen. That’s why many people still pay attention to traditional signs, like the behaviour of birds or the shape of clouds. 42．What did people in ancient times use to guess the weather?   43．What helped weather information travel faster in the 19th century?   44．Can meteorologists accurately predict the weather for more than 10 days? Why?   45．Why do some people still watch birds or clouds for weather signs?   46．What is one example of a solar term mentioned in the passage?   【答案】42．They used the sky, animals, and plants. 43．The telegraph. 44．No, they can’t. Because the atmosphere is chaotic. 45．Because modern weather forecasts can still have mistakes. 46．Rain Water/Awakening of Insects. 【导语】本文介绍了天气预报的发展历史，从古代人们通过自然现象判断天气，到现代借助科技手段预测天气，同时说明了长期天气预报的局限性。 42．根据第一段“Long ago, people looked at the sky, animals, and plants to guess the weather”可知，古人通过观察天空、动物和植物来猜测天气。 43．根据第三段“In the 19th century, the telegraph was invented. This allowed weather information to be sent quickly from one place to another”可知，19世纪电报的发明让天气信息传递得更快。 44．根据第四段“Still, long-term forecasts (over 10 days) are not very accurate because the atmosphere is chaotic”可知，气象学家无法准确预测10天以上的天气，因为大气是混沌的。 45．根据第五段“Even with modern technology, mistakes happen. That’s why many people still pay attention to traditional signs, like the behaviour of birds or the shape of clouds”可知，人们仍然观察鸟类或云朵，是因为即使有现代科技，天气预报也会出错。 46．根据第二段These solar terms described weather changes, such as ‘Rain Water’and ‘Awakening of Insects’”可知，文中提到的节气例子有“Rain Water”或“Awakening of Insects”。 VI Writing（写作）（本大题共2大题，共20分） A. Translation (第一题1分；第二、三题各2分，共5分) 47．我们应该学会为季节性变化做准备。(chane) ________________________________ 【答案】We should learn to prepare for seasonal changes. 【详解】“我们应该学会为季节性变化做准备”译为“We should learn to prepare for seasonal changes”。“我们”译为we，作主语，句首首字母大写；“应该”译为should，情态动词后跟动词原形；“学会做某事”译为learn to do sth.；“为……做准备”译为prepare for；“季节性变化”译为seasonal changes，作宾语。 48．自从20年前地球的平均气温已经上升了。(increase) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The average temperature of the earth has increased since 20 years ago. 【详解】“自从20年前地球的平均气温已经上升了。”译为The average temperature of the earth has increased since 20 years ago. “地球的平均气温”用The average temperature of the earth表示，介词短语of the earth作后置定语；“已经上升了”用现在完成时has increased表示；“自从20年前”用since 20 years ago，作时间状语。 49．我们应该采取行动保护自然环境，从而减少极端天气的出现。(protect) ______________________________________________ 【答案】We should take action to protect the natural environment in order to reduce the appearance of extreme weather. 【详解】句子翻译为“We should take action to protect the natural environment in order to reduce the appearance of extreme weather”其中，“我们”译为We，“应该”译为should，后接动词原形，“采取行动做某事”译为take action to do sth，“保护自然环境”译为protect the natural environment；“从而”译为in order to，后接动词原形，“减少……的出现”译为reduce the appearance of...，“极端天气”译为extreme weather。 B．Please write a short passage of at least 60 words (请写一篇不少于60词的短文) （共15分） 50．假如你是李华，你的好朋友Lily计划来你的家乡（hometown）旅游，她想了解一下当地的天气情况。请你根据表格中所提供的信息，给Lily写一封邮件，介绍一下你家乡一年四季的天气情况，向她推荐来你家乡旅游的最佳时间，并陈述理由。 Season Weather Spring warm but windy Summer hot and rainy sometimes Autumn cool and the air is fresh Winter cold and snowy 要求： 1. 短文必须包括所给提示，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； 3. 文中不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）； 4. 词数：不少于60词。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Dear Lily, I’m very happy that you are going to visit my hometown. Let me tell you something about the weather here. It’s warm in spring, but it is always windy. It’s very hot in summer and it rains sometimes. In autumn, it’s quite cool and the air is so fresh. Winter comes after autumn. In winter, it’s very cold. Sometimes it may snow. I think the best time to visit my hometown is autumn. The weather is comfortable and you can enjoy the fresh air and wonderful fruit. I’m looking forward to your visit. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇电子邮件； ②时态：本文应使用“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点应对题干给出的“介绍家乡的气候并推荐对方合适的旅游时间”进行描述并适当补充，使文章内容充实。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表示乐意提供帮助； 第二步，介绍家乡四季的天气； 第三步，推荐来旅游的季节，并收尾。 [亮点词汇] ①let sb do让某人做某事 ②look forward to sth期待某事 [高分句型] ①I think the best time to visit my hometown is autumn.（宾语从句） ②The weather is comfortable and you can enjoy the fresh air and wonderful fruit. （and并列句） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $