抢分07 科普知识与哲理感悟（热点时文）（抢分专练）（全国通用）2026年中考英语终极冲刺讲练测

抢分07 科普知识与哲理感悟（热点时文） 热点导读 热点集训 语法选择1 老师引导李明关注内心，学会照顾情绪 语法选择2 探讨睡眠重要性，生物均需睡眠 语法选择3 介绍珍珠奶茶起源、流行及健康提示 完形填空1 耐心培育比速成更能抵御风雨 完形填空2 香料曾贵重如货币，连接东西方 完形填空3 音乐影响大脑与情绪，选对音乐助学习 阅读理解1 科普太阳发光与月亮反光的科学知识 阅读理解2 实验揭秘秋天树叶变色的原因 阅读理解3 动物用伪装、恐吓、合作保护自己 阅读理解4 大脑调控感官，有保护与感知功能 阅读理解5 介绍压力原理及在生活中的应用 阅读理解6 杰克丢书包后知错，学会帮助他人 阅读还原1 分析人体感温度不同的多重原因 阅读还原2 介绍螃蟹心态及克服方法 阅读还原3 鼓励青少年坚持并实现梦想 任务型阅读1 用科学方法探究霉菌生长的最佳条件 任务型阅读2 汤姆观萤火虫，悟微小亦能发光 短文填空1 尼罗河孕育古埃及文明与生活 短文填空2 偶遇吉他老人，收获音乐与人生感悟 短文填空3 揭秘味觉与嗅觉协同作用的原理 选词填空1 父亲捡砖建房，教会我耐心与坚持 选词填空2 欢笑有益身心，能改善情绪与关系 选词填空3 介绍火星的位置、大小、温度等知识 书面表达 通知周六去张家界森林公园开展科普活动 一、语法选择 （一） Li Ming, a middle school student, often felt nervous about everything. His teacher, Mr. Wang, shared a simple idea with him: Our minds have weather too. Li Ming felt very 1 at his words. Then Mr. Wang gave him a task: During the break just sit on the bench at school for ten minutes in the morning, and look at 2 sky instead of sitting in the classroom. On the first day, he felt silly. But on the second day, he began 3 the colors of the tree leaves in the morning light. By the fifth day, when the sunlight went 4 the leaves and landed on his hand, he suddenly felt a sense of calm—mornings 5 be peaceful and beautiful. Then Li Ming 6 the second task: After dinner each night, draw a happy, sad or natural face in a notebook 7 write down the sentence: Today’s weather is... because ... 8 , he noticed his “weather” was always sunnier after a PE lesson, but if he watched short videos for over one hour at night, the next day would be “cloudy”. Li Ming told Mr. Wang 9 he discovered two secrets: First, taking good care of our minds is like taking good care of a plant. Just give 10 a little sunlight every day. Second, when we accept that we’ll have “cloudy days” too, we end up having more “sunny days”. 1．A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．notice B．to notice C．noticing 4．A．over B．across C．through 5．A．could B．must C．need 6．A．gave B．is given C．was given 7．A．or B．and C．but 8．A．Slow B．Slowly C．Slowness 9．A．that B．how C．what 10．A．it B．its C．itself 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了中学生李明总是容易紧张，老师通过两个小任务引导他关注外界、记录情绪变化，最终让他明白照顾自己的内心就像照顾植物，接纳情绪起伏才能收获更多阳光的故事。 1．句意：李明对他的话感到很惊讶。 空格前“felt very”后接形容词作表语，且主语是人，应使用-ed形式的形容词surprised“感到惊讶的”；surprise是动词/名词，surprising多修饰事物，表示“令人惊讶的”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：然后王老师给了他一个任务：在课间休息时，早上可以坐在学校的长椅上待十分钟，望着天空，而不是待在教室里。 sky“天空”是独一无二的事物，前面需要用定冠词the修饰；a/an为不定冠词，用于泛指，均不符合语境。 3．句意：但在第二天，他开始注意到晨光中树叶的颜色。 李明之前没注意过树叶的颜色，第二天才开始注意，这是一个新的、主动的动作，应用begin to do sth.“开始做某事”，此处应使用动词不定式to notice；notice为动词原形，noticing为现在分词/动名词，均不符合该搭配用法。 4．句意：到第五天，当阳光穿过树叶落在他手上时，他突然感到一种平静——早晨可以是宁静而美好的。 根据语境，阳光是从树叶的缝隙中穿过，through表示从物体内部穿过，符合语境；over“在……上方”、across“从物体表面穿过”均不符合语境。 5．句意：到第五天，当阳光穿过树叶落在他手上时，他突然感到一种平静——早晨可以是宁静而美好的。 根据语境，此处表示“能够、可以”，情态动词could符合语境；must“必须”、need“需要”均不符合语境。 6．句意：然后李明被布置了第二个任务。 主语“Li Ming”与动词give之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；全文为过去时态，故用一般过去时的被动语态was given；gave为过去式，is given为一般现在时被动语态，均不符合语境。 7．句意：每天晚饭后，在笔记本上画一张开心、难过或自然的脸，并写下句子：“今天的天气是……因为……”。 根据语境，“画脸”和“写句子”是两个并列的动作，并列连词and表示顺承关系，符合语境；or表示选择关系，but表示转折关系，均不符合语境。 8．句意：慢慢地，他注意到他的“天气”在体育课后总是更晴朗，但如果他晚上看短视频超过一小时，第二天就会是“多云的”。 根据句子结构，此处需要副词修饰整个句子，Slowly为副词，符合语法要求；Slow为形容词，Slowness为名词，均不符合语法要求。 9．句意：李明告诉王老师他发现了两个秘密。 这是一个宾语从句，从句是完整的陈述句，引导词that在从句中不充当成分，符合语境；how表示方式，what表示内容，均不符合语境。 10．句意：首先，照顾好我们的心灵就像照顾好一株植物，只需每天给它一点阳光。 根据语境，此处指代前面的“a plant”，用人称代词it；its为物主代词，itself为反身代词，均不符合语境。 （二） If you’ve ever stayed up late and then got up early the next day, you know what it’s like to not get enough sleep. It’s a very uncomfortable feeling. Scientists have long believed that sleep is like food—if we don’t get enough of it, we might get sick 1 even die. But now they are starting to wonder just 2 sleep we need. Researchers at Imperial College London did a study on fruit flies. 3 found that flies that slept for very short periods of time—about 72 minutes a day—still lived about as long as flies which slept for normal periods of time. According to 4 study, one of the female flies slept for just 4 minutes each day 5 general. This has led the researchers to wonder if sleep is less necessary than we first 6 . However, humans are very different from fruit flies. The Sleep Foundation says that sleep is the time when our bodies perform a lot of repair, such as 7 tissue and growing muscle. It is true that sleeping allows our bodies to get much 8 from the stress we experience each day. But do you think that we 9 really die from not sleeping? No humans 10 from staying awake for too long so far. At present, the world record for sleeplessness 11 by Robert McDonald, US, who 12 stayed awake for 18 days 21 hours 40 minutes in 1986. The Guinness World Records stopped including the record because of the dangers linked to not getting enough sleep 13 people to have enough sleep. Scientists have not yet found any animals that don’t sleep at all. Even animals that only sleep for short periods have to sleep 14 . This suggests that sleep is very important, even for some short-sleeping animals or 15 , German scientist Niels Rattenborg said. 1．A．as B．but C．or D．so 2．A．how much B．how many C．how long D．how far 3．A．They B．Them C．Their D．Themselves 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．in B．on C．to D．with 6．A．to think B．thinking C．will think D．thought 7．A．fix B．fixed C．fixing D．to fix 8．A．good B．well C．better D．the best 9．A．need B．may C．must D．should 10．A．die B．died C．have died D．will die 11．A．hold B．held C．is holding D．is held 12．A．surprised B．surprisingly C．surprisedly D．surprising 13．A．encourage B．encouraged C．encouraging D．to encourage 14．A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 15．A．another B．other C．others D．the other 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．D 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文探讨了睡眠的重要性，通过科学家对果蝇的研究引发对人类睡眠需求的思考，指出睡眠对人类身体修复和缓解压力的作用，还提及人类不睡觉的记录以及科学家尚未发现完全不睡觉的动物，强调睡眠对所有生物都很重要。 1．句意：科学家们长期认为睡眠就像食物一样——如果我们得不到足够的睡眠，我们可能会生病甚至死亡。 “get sick”和“die”是递进关系，or“或者”在这里表示进一步的情况，即生病之后甚至会死亡，符合语境。as“作为；像”、but“但是”、so“所以”均不符合此处逻辑关系。 2．句意：但现在他们开始想知道我们到底需要多少睡眠。 “sleep”（睡眠）是不可数名词，这里询问睡眠的量，用“how much”来修饰不可数名词，表示“多少”，符合题意。how many“多少”修饰可数名词复数；how long“多久；多长”；how far“多远”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：他们发现睡眠时间非常短的果蝇——每天大约72分钟——仍然和正常睡眠时间的果蝇寿命一样长。 这里指代前面提到的“Researchers”（研究人员），作主语用主格“They”，Them是宾格，Their是形容词性物主代词，Themselves是反身代词，均不符合语法要求。 4．句意：根据这项研究，一般来说，其中一只雌性果蝇每天只睡4分钟。 这里特指前面提到的伦敦帝国理工学院研究人员对果蝇所做的研究，用定冠词“the”，a和an是不定冠词，用于泛指，/表示不填冠词，均不符合语境。 5．句意：根据这项研究，一般来说，其中一只雌性果蝇每天只睡4分钟。 “in general”是固定短语，意为“一般来说”，符合语境。on“在……上面；关于”；to“到；向”；with“和……一起；用”，均不符合此处搭配。 6．句意：这让研究人员怀疑睡眠是否不像我们最初认为的那样必要。 “we firstly thought”表示“我们最初认为的”，这里用一般过去时，think的过去式是“thought”。 7．句意：睡眠基金会说，睡眠是我们身体进行大量修复的时间，比如修复组织和增长肌肉。 “such as”后面接动词的 -ing 形式，“fixing tissue”（修复组织）和“growing muscle”（增长肌肉）并列，符合语法规则。 8．句意：确实，睡眠能让我们的身体从每天经历的压力中得到很大的缓解。 “much”修饰比较级，“better”是“good”的比较级，“get much better”表示“得到很大的缓解”，符合语境。good是原级，well作形容词时表示“健康的”，the best是最高级，均不符合此处比较的语境。 9．句意：但是你认为我们真的会因为不睡觉而死吗？ “may”表示“可能”，在这里表示一种推测，即我们可能会因为不睡觉而死，符合语境。need“需要”；must“必须；一定”；should“应该”，均不符合此处推测的语气。 10．句意：到目前为止，还没有人类因为太长时间不睡觉而死亡。 “so far”表示“到目前为止”，是现在完成时的标志词，其结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，这里主语是“humans”，是复数，用“have died”。 11．句意：目前，不睡觉的世界纪录由美国的罗伯特·麦克唐纳保持，他在1986年令人惊讶地保持了18天11小时40分钟不睡觉。 “the world record”（世界纪录）和“hold”（保持）之间是被动关系，即纪录被保持，用被动语态“be + 过去分词”，这里是一般现在时，主语是单数，用“is held”。 12．句意：目前，不睡觉的世界纪录由美国的罗伯特·麦克唐纳保持，他在1986年令人惊讶地保持了18天21小时40分钟不睡觉。 这里修饰动词“stayed awake”（保持清醒）要用副词，“surprisingly”是副词，意为“令人惊讶地”，符合语境。 13．句意：吉尼斯世界纪录因为与睡眠不足相关的危险而停止收录这项纪录，以鼓励人们有足够的睡眠。 这里用动词不定式“to encourage”表示目的，即停止收录纪录的目的是鼓励人们有足够的睡眠，encourage是动词原形，encouraged是过去式，encouraging是现在分词，均不符合表示目的的用法。 14．句意：即使是只睡很短时间的动物也必须睡一点儿。 此处修饰动词“sleep”，此处强调“还是要睡一点儿”，用“a little”，表示“一点儿”。 15．句意：德国科学家尼尔斯·拉滕博格说，这表明睡眠非常重要，即使对一些短睡眠动物或其他动物也是如此。 “others”表示“其他的（人或物）”，是复数概念，在这里指除了短睡眠动物之外的其他动物，符合语境。another表示“另一个”，后接单数名词；other表示“其他的”，后接名词复数；the other表示“两者中的另一个”，均不符合此处语境。 （三） Many of us have tried bubble (气泡) tea. In fact, bubble tea first appeared in Taiwan in 1 1980s. It mainly 2 tea, milk, sugar, and so on. The name “bubble tea” comes from the bubbles created when shaking the tea. Today, it has become one of 3 drinks among teenagers in China. There are many flavors (风味) to choose, like classic milk tea, fruity orange, or even chocolate. Local products 4 by some shops to create unusual flavors, such as green tea from Huangshan. Many young people enjoy taking photos of 5 colorful bubble tea and sharing them online. Why is bubble tea so popular? First, it tastes 6 . Second, you can choose the sugar level, ice amount, and things like red beans. Third, bubble tea shops are often comfortable 7 for friends to chat. 8 , doctors remind us that bubble tea includes a lot of sugar. Drinking too much may lead to health problems. They suggest 9 it once a week instead of every day. Looking to the future, some companies are trying to make healthier bubble tea 10 less sugar. 1．A．a B．the C．/ 2．A．mixed B．mixes C．has mixed 3．A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular 4．A．use B．used C．are used 5．A．their B．them C．they 6．A．sweet B．sweetly C．sweetness 7．A．place B．places C．places’ 8．A．However B．Besides C．Therefore 9．A．enjoyed B．to enjoy C．enjoying 10．A．in B．of C．with 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了珍珠奶茶的起源、流行原因、健康问题及未来趋势。 1．句意：事实上，珍珠奶茶最早于20世纪80年代出现在台湾。 a不定冠词，表示泛指；the定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词。“in ...1980s”，表示“在20世纪80年代”英语中，年代前需加定冠词“the”，固定搭配为“in the 1980s”。故选B。 2．句意：主要混合了茶、牛奶、糖等原料。 mixed混合,过去式；mixes动词三单；has mixed现在完成时。根据“It mainly...tea, milk, sugar, and so on.”可知，描述一般事实（成分组成），需用一般现在时，主语“It”指代“bubble tea”，动词用第三人称单数形式“mixes”，意为“混合”。故选B。 3．句意：如今，它已成为中国青少年最受欢迎的饮品之一。 popular流行的；more popular更受欢迎的，比较级；the most popular最受欢迎的，最高级。根据“one of ... drinks among teenagers”可知，考查短语短语“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”后需接形容词最高级，此处用最高级，表示“最受欢迎的饮品之一”。故选C。 4．句意：一些店铺会采用本地特产来创造独特风味，比如黄山绿茶。 use使用；used过去式；are used被动语态。根据“Local products ... by some shops”可知，主语“Local products”是被动接受动作的对象，需用被动语态，表示“被使用”。故选C。 5．句意：许多年轻人喜欢拍摄他们的彩色珍珠奶茶照片并分享到网上。 their他们的，形容词性物主代词；them他们，宾格；they他们，主格。根据“taking photos of ... colorful bubble tea”，空格后为名词短语“colorful bubble tea”，需用形容词性物主代词“their”（他们的）修饰，指代前文“many young people”的珍珠奶茶。故选A。 6．句意：首先，它尝起来很甜。 sweet形容词，甜的；sweetly副词，甜地；sweetness名词，甜蜜。根据“it tastes...”可知，动词“tastes”是系动词，后需接形容词作表语，描述味道“甜”。故选A。 7．句意：第三，奶茶店通常是舒适的场所，适合朋友聊天。 place地点，位置；places名词复数；places’名词所有格。根据“bubble tea shops are often comfortable ... for friends to chat”可知，主语“shops”为复数，空格处需用复数名词“places”（地方）作表语，意为“商店是舒适的地方”。故选B。 8．句意：然而，医生提醒珍珠奶茶含糖量高。 However然而；Besides除此以为；Therefore因此。根据“doctors remind us that…”，前文描述珍珠奶茶优点，此处转折提出健康问题，需用转折连词“However”（然而）。故选A。 9．句意：建议每周享用一次而非每天饮用。 enjoyed过去式；to enjoy动词不定式；enjoying现在分词。根据“They suggest... it once a week”可知，动词“suggest”后接动名词-ing形式，固定搭配为“suggest doing sth.”。故选C。 10．句意：展望未来，部分企业正尝试制作含糖更少的健康版珍珠奶茶。 in在……里面；of……的；with带有。根据“make healthier bubble tea ... less sugar”可知，表示“用更少的糖制作”，需用介词“with”表示“带有”或“包含”。故选C。 二、完形填空 （一） Next door to each other lived two women, Anna and Bella. Both loved 1 . Anna wanted quick results, so she bought the most beautiful, fully-grown 2 from the market and planted them in her garden. It looked perfect immediately. Bella, however, started with young sprouts (幼苗). Her garden looked 3 and empty at first. One night, a strong storm 4 their small town. The next morning, Anna’s garden was a sad 5 . Her large flowers were broken and looked terrible, because their roots were not strong enough to 6 the wind. She was sad to see her garden in such a mess. She then 7 Bella’s garden. To her surprise, the young plants were still there. They were bent (弯曲的) but not 8 . Their roots, grown deep and strong while no one was watching, had held them in the earth. Within days, they stood 9 again, even greener than before. Anna finally understood true strength and beauty need time and deep roots to grow. Sometimes 10 and hard work are more valuable than quick success, because quick and easy results may not last when difficulties come. 1．A．swimming B．painting C．skating D．gardening 2．A．crops B．fruits C．flowers D．vegetables 3．A．thick B．lonely C．crowded D．clean 4．A．hit B．stopped C．saved D．missed 5．A．lesson B．answer C．sight D．choice 6．A．stand B．direct C．catch D．follow 7．A．dug B．watered C．noticed D．reported 8．A．smooth B．round C．smelly D．broken 9．A．silently B．straight C．lazily D．alone 10．A．patience B．courage C．progress D．confidence 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了Anna和Bella两位女士都热爱园艺，Anna追求速成，买了盛开的鲜花种植，而Bella选择从幼苗开始培育。一场暴风雨后，Anna的花因根系脆弱而受损，Bella的幼苗却因根系深扎而得以存活，由此让Anna明白真正的美丽与力量需要时间沉淀，耐心比速成更可贵。 1．句意：两人都热爱园艺。 后文提到两人都在花园里种植植物，由此可知她们的共同爱好是园艺。gardening符合。 2．句意：Anna 想要快速看到成果，所以她从市场上买了最漂亮、盛开的花，种在了自己的花园里。 后文提到“Her large flowers were broken and looked terrible”，说明Anna购买并种植的是盛开的花。flowers符合。 3．句意：然而，Bella种的是幼苗。她的花园起初看起来冷清又空旷。 Bella种植的是幼苗，花园在初期因植株幼小而显得空旷冷清。lonely符合。 4．句意：一天晚上，一场强风暴袭击了她们的小镇。 根据上下文，风暴是破坏花园的事件，“hit”可表示“（风暴等）袭击某地”。 5．句意：第二天早上，Anna 的花园景象凄惨。 风暴过后，Anna的花园一片狼藉，是一幅凄惨的景象。sight意为“景象”符合。 6．句意：她的大花都被折断了，看起来糟透了，因为它们的根不够牢固，无法承受大风。 此处表示花朵根系不牢，无法经受住大风的冲击。stand意为“承受”符合语境。 7．句意：然后她注意到了Bella的花园。 Anna在看到自己的花园被毁后，转而留意到 Bella的花园。noticed意为“注意到”符合语境。 8．句意：令她惊讶的是，幼苗还在那里。它们被吹弯了，但没有折断。 Bella的幼苗根系深扎，风暴中只是被吹弯，并未像Anna的花一样折断。用broken。 9．句意：几天之内，它们又重新挺直了，甚至比以前更绿了。 幼苗被吹弯后恢复生长，重新变得挺拔。用straight。 10．句意：有时候，耐心和努力比快速的成功更有价值，因为当困难来临时，快速而容易获得的结果可能无法持久。 文章最后点明主旨，Bella的成功源于培育幼苗时的耐心与付出。patience意为“耐心”符合。 （二） Long ago, spices (香料) like pepper and cinnamon (肉桂) were not just for cooking. They were so 1 that they were used as money. In ancient times, most spices came from Asia. The journey to Europe was long and 2 , as a result, spices became very expensive. In the 15th century, European explorers began to 3 new sea routes (航线) to Asia. They wanted to find a 4 way to get spices. This led to the “Age of Discovery.” Explorers crossed the ocean to find these “treasures.” Their journeys changed the map of the world 5 . As trade grew, spices traveled from one 6 to another. They didn’t just change the 7 of food to make it more delicious. They also brought different cultures together. For example, black pepper from India became a common thing on dinner tables in Europe. Today, spices are 8 in almost every kitchen. We can buy them easily in local supermarkets at a low price. However, we should also 9 their great history. They 10 a bridge that first connected the East and the West. 1．A．valuable B．beautiful C．colorful D．comfortable 2．A．natural B．simple C．dangerous D．pleasant 3．A．explore B．follow C．leave D．stop 4．A．longer B．safer C．harder D．colder 5．A．luckily B．carefully C．hardly D．greatly 6．A．street B．country C．building D．station 7．A．color B．size C．taste D．shape 8．A．found B．lost C．sold D．broken 9．A．lead B．change C．write D．remember 10．A．acted as B．looked at C．pointed to D．shouted at 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了香料在古代曾贵如货币，促成了大航海时代的探索，连接了东西方文明。 1．句意：它们如此有价值，以至于被用作货币。 根据后文“被用作货币”及“非常昂贵”可知，香料非常有“价值”。valuable（有价值的）符合语境。beautiful（美丽的）、colorful（多彩的）、comfortable（舒适的）均不符合。 2．句意：到欧洲的旅程漫长而危险，结果香料变得非常昂贵。 与“long”并列修饰旅程，且导致价格昂贵，说明旅程不仅长还很“危险”。dangerous（危险的）符合。natural（自然的）、simple（简单的）、pleasant（令人愉快的）均与语境相反。 3．句意：在15世纪，欧洲探险家开始探索通往亚洲的新航线。 探险家的工作是“探索”新航线。explore（探索）符合。follow（跟随）、leave（离开）、stop（停止）均不合理。 4．句意：他们想找到一条更安全的路线来获取香料。 探索新航线是为了找到比原来更“安全”的路线（原文提到原有路线漫长而危险）。safer（更安全的）符合。longer（更长的）、harder（更难的）、colder（更冷的）均不是探索的目的。 5．句意：他们的航行极大地改变了世界地图。 应该是大航海时代“极大地”改变了世界地图。greatly（极大地）符合。luckily（幸运地）、carefully（仔细地）、hardly（几乎不）均不符合。 6．随着贸易的增长，香料从一个国家传到另一个国家。 香料贸易是在不同“国家”之间传播。country（国家）符合。street（街道）、building（建筑）、station（车站）均不合理。 7．句意：它们不仅改变了食物的味道来使之更美味。 让食物更美味，改变的是食物的“味道”。taste（味道）符合。color（颜色）、size（尺寸）、shape（形状）均与“delicious”无直接关系。 8．句意：如今，香料在几乎每个厨房里都能找到。 香料在厨房里能被“找到/见到”。found（被发现）符合。lost（丢失的）、sold（被卖）、broken（破碎的）均不合理。 9．句意：然而，我们也应该记住它们的伟大历史。 尽管香料现在很普通，但我们应“记住”它们的历史。remember（记住）符合。lead（带领）、change（改变）、write（写）均不符合。 10．句意：它们充当了一座首次连接东西方的桥梁。 香料“充当了”连接东西方的桥梁。act as（充当/起……作用）符合。look at（看）、point to（指向）、shout at（对……大喊）均不合理。 （三） Music is more than just a form of fun. It has a powerful 1 on our brain. Scientists have found that listening to music can 2 our mood, improve our memory, and even help us learn better. When we listen to music, different 3 of our brain become active. For example, classical music can always make people feel calm, while pop music might 4 people. That’s why many students choose to listen to soft music 5 they are studying. Soft music helps create a peaceful environment for learning. It helps them focus without getting bored. Playing a musical instrument is even more 6 . It helps build stronger connections between brain cells (细胞), because it 7 the use of both hands, eyes, and ears at the same time. Studies show that children who learn to play an instrument often do better in math and reading. However, not all music is good for studying. Music 8 loud or fast beats can distract (使……分心) us easily. So when you need to focus, 9 the right kind of music for yourself. In short, music is not just for fun. It is a powerful tool that can shape our 10 in surprising ways. So next time you enjoy music, remember it’s doing more than just pleasing your ears. 1．A．effect B．effort C．choice D．reason 2．A．break B．lift C．hide D．check 3．A．kinds B．sides C．ways D．parts 4．A．slow down B．set off C．cheer up D．drive away 5．A．unless B．though C．while D．because 6．A．boring B．convenient C．awful D．beneficial 7．A．requires B．harms C．reduces D．protects 8．A．by B．for C．with D．from 9．A．choose B．regret C．miss D．record 10．A．wealth B．mind C．past D．trade 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了音乐对大脑、情绪和学习的积极影响，同时也提到了不适合学习的音乐类型，最后点明音乐是塑造心灵的强大工具。 1．句意：音乐不仅仅是一种娱乐形式，它对我们的大脑有着强大的影响。 固定搭配have an effect on意为“对……有影响”，符合后文音乐影响情绪、记忆的语境。effort（努力）、choice（选择）、reason（原因）均不符合搭配。 2．句意：科学家发现，听音乐可以改善我们的心情，提升记忆力，甚至帮助我们学得更好。 固定搭配lift one’s mood意为“改善 / 提升心情”，符合语境。break（打破）、hide（隐藏）、check（检查）均不符合。 3．句意：当我们听音乐时，大脑的不同部分会变得活跃。 后文举例不同音乐对大脑的影响，说明是大脑的不同parts（部分）被激活。kinds（种类）、sides（方面）、ways（方式）均不符合语境。 4．句意：例如，古典音乐总能让人平静，而流行音乐可能会让人兴奋起来。 后文提到“学生学习时会选择轻音乐”，是因为流行音乐节奏明快，会让人cheer up（兴奋起来、情绪高涨），因此不适合学习时听。slow down（放慢）、set off（出发）、drive away（驱散）均不符合流行音乐的特点。 5．句意：这就是为什么很多学生在学习时会选择听轻音乐。 此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当他们学习的时候”，用while（当……时候）。unless（除非）、though（尽管）、because（因为）均不符合逻辑。 6．句意：演奏乐器甚至更有益。 后文提到演奏乐器能增强脑细胞连接、提高学习成绩，说明是有益的，beneficial（有益的）符合语境。boring（无聊的）、convenient（方便的）、awful（糟糕的）均不符合。 7．句意：因为它需要同时使用双手、眼睛和耳朵。 演奏乐器需要调动多个感官，requires（需要）符合语境。harms（伤害）、reduces（减少）、protects（保护）均不符合。 8．句意：然而，并非所有音乐都适合学习。有大声或快节奏的音乐很容易让我们分心。 “music with loud or fast beats”意为“带有强烈或快节奏的音乐”，with（带有）用来表示伴随特征。by（通过）、for（为了）、from（来自）均不符合。 9．句意：所以当你需要集中注意力时，为自己选择合适的音乐。 前文提到不同音乐对学习的影响，因此建议choose（选择）合适的音乐。regret（后悔）、miss（错过）、record（记录）均不符合。 10．句意：总之，音乐不仅仅是为了娱乐，它是一种强大的工具，能以令人惊讶的方式塑造我们的心灵。 全文围绕音乐对大脑、情绪、学习的影响展开，因此是塑造mind（心灵 / 思想）。wealth（财富）、past（过去）、trade（交易）均不符合。 三、阅读理解 （一） According to Ken Croswell, the Sun and the Moon are different. We often think that the Sun rules the day and the Moon rules the night. That’s kind of right, but not totally. The Sun shines all the time. It shines during the day when we see it, and even at night when we don’t. As the Earth turns, sometimes we face the Sun. That’s when we get day. When the Earth’s spin (自转) turns us away from the Sun and we are in the Earth’s shadow, we get night. When people on the opposite side of the Earth face the Sun, those people have day while we have night. The Moon is a different story. Unlike the Sun, it doesn’t make its own light. Moonlight is actually the Sun’s light reflecting (反射) the Moon back to us. The Sun lights up only the side of the Moon that faces the Sun. At Full Moon, the Moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun. Then the side of the Moon facing the Earth is all lit up. During Full Moon, the Moon rises around sunset, shines all night, and sets around sunrise. Since the moonlight is so bright, you can sometimes see it during the day, too. A few days before Full Moon, if you look east in the afternoon, you may see the Moon in the sky. After Full Moon, you may find it if you look west in the morning. The Moon is most difficult to see at New Moon, when its orbit (轨道) puts it between the Earth and the Sun. Then, the side of the Moon facing the Earth is dark and we can’t see the Moon at all. 1．What can we know about the Sun according to the passage? A．The Sun rules the Moon. B．The Sun shines during both day and night. C．The Sun lights up all the sides of the Moon. D．The Sun shines everywhere on the Earth at the same time. 2．Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “shadow” in Paragraph 3? shadow n .① the shape of the Earth, ② the force from the Sun, ③ the dark area on the Earth, ④ the opposite side of the Sun. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．Which of the following is TRUE about a Full Moon? A．The Moon rises around sunrise and sets around sunset. B．The Moon is between the Earth and the Sun. C．You can sometimes see it in the east in the afternoon. D．The side of the Moon facing the Earth is fully lit. 4．Which following picture shows us New Moon? A．B． C． D． 5．What is the theme of the text? A．Culture. B．Science. C．Education. D．Technology. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要讲述了太阳和月亮的不同特点，包括太阳持续发光、月亮反射太阳光、满月和新月时的不同现象等。 1．第二段提到：“The Sun shines all the time. It shines during the day when we see it, and even at night when we don’t.”，这直接说明太阳在白天和夜晚都发光。 2．第三段提到：“When the Earth’s spin (自转) turns us away from the Sun and we are in the Earth’s shadow, we get night.”，根据语境可知，当地球自转使我们背对太阳，我们处于地球的阴影中时，就是夜晚，所以“shadow”指的是地球上的黑暗区域。 3．第五段提到：“At Full Moon, the Moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun. Then the side of the Moon facing the Earth is all lit up.”，这说明满月时，面向地球的月球一侧被完全照亮。 4．第六段提到：“The Moon is most difficult to see at New Moon, when its orbit (轨道) puts it between the Earth and the Sun. Then, the side of the Moon facing the Earth is dark and we can’t see the Moon at all.”，可知在新月时，当月球的轨道位于地球和太阳之间时，是最难看到月亮的。然后，月球面向地球的那一面是黑暗的，我们根本看不到月球，结合图片，B选项符合。 5．文章主要围绕太阳和月亮的科普知识展开，属于科学范畴，所以主题是科学。 （二） Look at the beautiful yellow leaves outside the window. They were still green last week! Why do they turn yellow, sometimes even red or orange? Let’s find the secret! Material 3 green leaves Glass cup Spoon Scissors Filter paper (滤纸) Ethanol Tape Pencil Step 1. Cut the leaves into small pieces. 2. Mash (捣碎) the pieces with a spoon. 3. Add Ethanol to cover the leaf pieces. 4. Tape the filter paper to the pencil and put the pencil on the cup. 5. Wait for hours and you’ll see the result. Result Colors climb the filter paper. From bottom to top, they are dark green, light green, yellow and orange. But light green covers most of the filter paper. Explanation Leaves have different kinds of colors. In spring and summer, leaves get sunlight and produce lots of chlorophyll (叶绿素). So you can see only the green color. But in autumn, less sunlight means less chlorophyll. So the green disappears slowly and other colors show up. 1．How many kinds of materials do we need? A．6. B．7. C．8. D．9. 2．What is the correct order of the steps? A．②③①④⑤ B．①②④⑤③ C．②④③①⑤ D．①⑤②④③ 3．Which filter paper shows the correct result? A． B． C． D． 4．Leaves make less chlorophyll in autumn because of ________ . A．less air B．less sunlight C．less water D．less time 5．Which part of the newspaper does the text come from? A．History. B．Culture. C．Science. D．Travel. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇科学实验说明，介绍了一个关于树叶变色的实验，包含实验材料、步骤、结果和科学解释。 1．文中列出的实验材料有“3 green leaves, Glass cup, Spoon, Scissors, Filter paper, Ethanol, Tape, Pencil”，一共8种材料。 2．文中实验步骤依次是：1. Cut the leaves into small pieces（对应图②）；2. Mash the pieces with a spoon（对应图④）；3. Add Ethanol to cover the leaf pieces（对应图③）；4. Tape the filter paper to the pencil and put the pencil on the cup（对应图①）；5. Wait for hours（对应图⑤）。所以正确顺序是②④③①⑤。 3．文中提到实验结果“From bottom to top, they are dark green, light green, yellow and orange. But light green covers most of the filter paper”，说明滤纸条从下到上的颜色依次是深绿、浅绿、黄、橙，且浅绿占比最大。 4．文中解释部分提到“in autumn, less sunlight means less chlorophyll”，秋天树叶叶绿素减少是因为阳光变少了。 5．全文围绕树叶变色的科学实验和原理展开，属于科学类内容。 （三） In nature, staying safe is as important as finding food. Different animals have clever ways to protect themselves from danger. Some use colors, while others use tricks—and all these skills help them survive in the wild. Many animals use camouflage to protect themselves. For example, leaf insects look exactly like dry leaves—their bodies have matching lines and they move slowly like leaves in the wind, making it hard for birds to find them. Arctic hares change color with the seasons: white in winter and brown in summer, so predators (捕食者) can hardly see them. Other animals use tricks to scare enemies. When in danger, a pufferfish (河豚) fills its body with water or air to become round and spiky. Most predators don’t want to bite a spiky ball! Skunks (臭鼬) spray a stinky liquid from their bodies. The bad smell is so strong that it makes other animals run away quickly. Even small animals like ladybugs have tricks: they play dead when caught, and some release a bad-tasting liquid to make predators spit them out. Some animals work together to stay safe. Meerkats (灰沼狸) live in groups: while most look for food, one stands on its back legs to watch for danger. If it sees an enemy, it makes a loud call—and the whole group runs into their underground holes. Bees also protect each other: when a bee hurts an enemy, it sends a signal (a smell), and other bees come to keep danger away. From hiding to scaring to working together, animals have amazing ways to keep themselves safe. These skills are not just clever—they are necessary for the animals’ survival in the wild. 1．What does the underlined word “camouflage” mean in the text? A．A method to run into holes fast. B．A trick to avoid danger in a hurry. C．A skill to make enemies afraid quickly. D．A way to hide by looking like things around. 2．What can we infer about animals that use these skills to avoid being eaten? A．They are all small and weak in the wild. B．Their survival depends on these clever skills. C．They can easily drive away many predators. D．They are all strong enough to fight predators. 3．What do other meerkats do when one watcher meerkat calls loudly? A．They send a signal. B．They look for food quickly. C．They raise themselves up to watch. D．They hide in their underground holes. 4．Which of the following is an opinion (观点) according to the text? A．Animals have their ways to keep themselves safe. B．Animals’ skills to stay safe are necessary for survival. C．Animals in groups will send out signals when danger comes. D．Animals with special body parts make themselves spiky in danger. 5．How is the text organized? A．Question→Answer→Story B．Causes→Results→Opinions C．Fact→Examples→Conclusion D．Descriptions→Examples→Solution 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了动物通过伪装、恐吓和团队合作等方式保护自己的生存技能。 1．第二段明确指出“Many animals use camouflage to protect themselves. For example, leaf insects look exactly like dry leaves—their bodies have matching lines and they move slowly like leaves in the wind, making it hard for birds to find them.”，说明很多动物用伪装保护自己，比如叶虫看起来就像干树叶，说明“camouflage”意思是“通过看起来像周围的东西来隐藏自己”。 2．最后一段提到“These skills are not just clever—they are necessary for the animals’ survival in the wild.”，说明使用这些技能来避免被吃掉的动物的生存依赖于这些聪明的技能。 3．第四段提到“If it sees an enemy, it makes a loud call—and the whole group runs into their underground holes.”，说明当一只哨兵灰沼狸大声呼叫时，其他灰沼狸会躲进地下的洞里。 4．最后一段提到“These skills are not just clever—they are necessary for the animals’ survival in the wild”，这是作者对于动物保护技能的观点，即动物保持安全的技能对生存是必要的。 5．文章第一段提出动物有保护自己的方式这一事实；第二、三、四段分别通过伪装、恐吓、团队合作等具体例子说明；最后一段总结这些技能对生存的重要性。因此结构为“事实→例子→结论”。 （四） Do you know the five main senses we have? They are touch, taste, sight, smell and hearing. They are controlled by different parts of our brains. So we call the brain our built-in “BeiDou”. Brains help our bodies work smoothly. Try this: close your eyes and touch your nose. It’s easy, right? That’s because our brains can receive messages about where our body parts are. We can also stand on one leg without falling down. If we lose our balance, our brains will give us orders to fix it. _____★____. Tests show that people see spider pictures faster than flowers. Some researchers also found that people react to loud noises faster than to a friend’s voice. Scientists aren’t completely sure about the reasons. Some suggest that this skill might come from ancient times. Our ancestors were often faced with predators. So they had to protect themselves from dangerous animals like spiders and tigers, or they would lose their lives. Until today, we still jump at sudden noises or shadows in dark rooms. Here is more about the brain. Can you imagine seeing colors when you hear music, or tasting candy when you see the sunshine? It’s called sense mixing. Scientists think this happens when different senses intermingle (相互交织). Another fact is that temperature sometimes influences our senses. Some people can feel storms coming through with knee pain. So we often joke that we’re “human weather apps”. Also, our brains are able to make adjustments (调整) to some senses. If someone can’t see well, his hearing or touch might become stronger. Though scientists have done much research on the brain, there’s still a lot to do. Have you ever wondered why some people are better at sports? What’s the secret to improving memory? Then it’s time for you to start your discovery journey. 1．What do the two examples in the first paragraph show? A．Human brains are different. B．Brains help our bodies work well. C．People have many living habits. D．Humans can touch their noses easily. 2．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．It’s fun to study our ancestors’ lives. B．It’s easy to learn about senses. C．Animals help people in many ways. D．Brains are also life-saving heroes. 3．Which animal in the following is probably a “predator”? A．A lion. B．A sheep. C．A deer. D．A butterfly. 4．According to paragraph 3, what might happen if your senses mix? A．You can tie your shoes without looking. B．You taste sweetness when seeing an apple. C．You jump when someone shouts suddenly. D．You feel pain in your knees before the rain comes 5．What is the writing purpose of the last paragraph? A．To improve people’s memory. B．To show the value of our brains. C．To encourage brain studies. D．To admire scientists’ efforts. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人类大脑的多种功能及其对感官的调控作用。 1．第一段提到了“Brains help our bodies work smoothly.”，举“闭眼摸鼻子”和“单腿站立保持平衡”两个例子，都是为了证明大脑能让我们的身体顺畅运转、正常工作。 2．第二段后文讲述人类对危险事物（蜘蛛、巨响）反应更快，远古时期大脑帮人类躲避捕食者、保命，因此本段主旨是大脑也是拯救生命的英雄，D项承上启下。 3．第二段提到“Some suggest that this skill might come from ancient times. Our ancestors were often faced with predators. So they had to protect themselves from dangerous animals like spiders and tigers, or they would lose their lives.”可知祖先常常面临捕食者，所以他们必须保护自己免受蜘蛛和老虎等危险动物的伤害，否则就会丧命。由此可推测出。predator意为“捕食者、食肉猛兽”，指的是危险动物，会捕食其他动物。而狮子是捕猎食肉动物。羊、鹿、蝴蝶都不是危险的捕食者。 4．第三段“Can you imagine seeing colors when you hear music, or tasting candy when you see the sunshine? It’s called sense mixing.”说明了感官混合，就是一种感官触发另一种感官的体验。看到苹果（视觉）尝到甜味（味觉），属于跨感官混合。 5．原文最后一段：虽然人类对大脑已有很多研究，但还有很多未知奥秘，最后呼吁大家开启探索之旅，目的就是鼓励人们去开展、探索大脑相关研究。 （五） What do cutting food and building aeroplanes have in common? Both of them use one powerful force: pressure. There are several types of pressure, but they all share the same law: a force acts on a surface. The smaller the surface area, the greater the pressure produced by the same force. We experience different forms of pressure in everyday life-mechanical pressure, when we press on an object; atmospheric pressure, when air pushes on everything around us; and hydrostatic pressure, when it acts within water, such as the strong pressure deep in the sea. Now picture yourself stepping onto a snowy place. In ordinary shoes, you would go down into the snow immediately. But this won’t happen once you put on skis (滑雪板). It’s because your body weight is spread over a bigger area. The pressure becomes less, so the snow can support you. Cutting food with a knife works the same way. Without an understanding of how pressure works, it would be impossible to build an aeroplane. An aeroplane wing’s top surface is curved (弧形的). When an aeroplane moves, air moves around its wing. The airflow (气流) over the wing speeds up because of its special shape. As a result, the pressure above the wing becomes lower than the pressure below it. The pressure difference creates an upward force called lift. This force balances the aeroplane’s weight and allows it to stay in the air. In water, pressure increases with depth. When we build a dam (大坝), we make it wider and thicker at the bottom to hold back higher pressure from deep water. Pressure is one of the key forces shaping the world around us. By understanding its nature, we have learned to build machines that can fly into the sky and dive into the ocean, measure the heights of mountains, and explore outer space. 1．What is pressure according to the text? A．A kind of surface area. B．A force on a surface area. C．The total size of a surface. D．A force with no surface area. 2．Which one is reasonable if the force is unchanged? (x=Surface area; y=Pressure) A． B． C． D． 3．Which activity is about atmospheric pressure? A．Cutting food. B．Skiing on snow. C．Building a dam. D．Making an aeroplane. 4．Which of the following is an opinion according to the text? A．In water, pressure increases with depth. B．Different types of pressure share the same law. C．The shape of the wings creates lift for the aeroplane. D．Pressure is one of the key forces shaping the world around us. 5．Why is the text written? A．To teach some useful living skills. B．To explain different kinds of pressure. C．To introduce pressure and its influence on us. D．To expect readers to develop new technologies. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，围绕压力（pressure）这一核心概念展开，介绍了压力的基本定义与规律，区分了机械压力、大气压力、流体静压力等不同类型的压力，结合切食物、滑雪、飞机飞行、修建大坝等实例，说明了压力在日常生活和工程技术中的应用，最后点明压力是塑造我们周围世界的关键力量之一，帮助读者理解压力的本质与影响。 1．原文第二段明确提到压力的核心规律：“a force acts on a surface. The smaller the surface area, the greater the pressure produced by the same force”，这直接说明压力是作用在表面积上的力。 2．原文第二段明确提到压力的规律：“the same law: a force acts on a surface. The smaller the surface area, the greater the pressure produced by the same force.” 这说明当力不变时，压力和表面积成反比关系，对应图像为递减的曲线，只有选项B符合这一关系。 3．原文第四段说明：“the pressure above the wing becomes lower than the pressure below it. The pressure difference creates an upward force called lift. This force balances the aeroplane’s weight and allows it to stay in the air.” 这直接说明制造飞机利用了大气压力的原理；切食物、滑雪属于机械压力，建大坝属于流体静压力。 4．而最后一段提到“Pressure is one of the key forces shaping the world around us”，这是作者对压力作用的总结性观点。 5．文章围绕压力展开，先介绍压力的定义，再说明不同类型的压力，最后讲述压力对生活、科技的影响。 （六） One sunny morning, Jake hurried to catch the bus, thinking about his math test. He didn’t notice when his schoolbag slipped off (滑落) onto the seat beside him. When he arrived at school, he suddenly realized his schoolbag was gone. His heart raced, inside it were his homework, textbooks, and his favorite pencil case—a special gift from his grandfather. Then Jake ran to his classroom and told his teacher. She could see the worry on his face. “Mistakes happen. Let’s call the bus company to see if they found it.” After a few phone calls, they got good news—the schoolbag was turned in at the bus station. Jake took a deep breath. That afternoon, Jake’s mom drove him to the bus station. The driver Mr Harris, smiled and said with a friendly laugh, “Ah, so you’re the one who left this behind.” He handed Jake the schoolbag and added, “Always check your seat before getting off the bus. A little more care saves a lot of trouble.” Jake nodded and said, “________”. The next day at school, Jake noticed Mia, a quiet girl in his class, looking upset. “What’s wrong?” he asked. “I lost my science book,” she said sadly. Remember how he had felt the day before, Jake quickly offered to share his book. Mia’s smile made him feel warm inside. At dinner that night Jake’s mom said, “I’m proud of you. You learned from your mistake and helped someone else.” Jake felt nice and he also realized that mistakes could teach important lessons. 1．What was Jake thinkıng about when he was hurrying to catch the bus? A．His math test. B．His lost schoolbag. C．His grandfather’s gift. 2．Which sentence can be put into “________”? A．Thanks, sir. You can drive really well. B．Thanks, sir. I’ll be more careful next time. C．Thanks, sir. Mum will help me check my seat. 3．Why did Jake offer to share his book with Mia? A．Because Mia had helped him with his study before. B．Because his teacher always reminds students to help each other. C．Because he remembered feeling worried when he lost his own schoolbag. 4．How did Jake’s feeling change in the passage? A．Worried-nervous-relaxed-happy-proud. B．Worried-angry-excited-happy-proud. C．Relaxed-nervous-afraid-excited-proud. 5．What’s the main purpose of writing this passage? A．To remind students about bus safety rules. B．To praise the bus driver’s helpful actions. C．To encourage us to learn from mistakes. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了杰克上学途中因粗心丢失书包，在找回书包后，又用自己的经历帮助了遇到同样困境的同学米娅，最终杰克明白了错误能教会人重要道理的故事。 1．第一段指出：“One sunny morning, Jake hurried to catch the bus, thinking about his math test.” 这直接说明杰克赶公交时在想他的数学考试。 2．第三段司机提醒杰克：“Always check your seat before getting off the bus. A little more care saves a lot of trouble” 杰克的回应需要符合接受提醒、表明会更小心的逻辑。 3．第四段说明原因：“Remember how he had felt the day before, Jake quickly offered to share his book.” 杰克想起了自己丢失书包时的焦虑心情，因此主动和米娅分享书本。 4．梳理杰克的情绪变化：丢失书包后：worried（担忧）；等待公交公司消息时：nervous（紧张）；找回书包后：relaxed（放松）；帮助米娅后：happy（开心）；被妈妈表扬时：proud（自豪）；对应选项A的情绪顺序。 5．最后一段点明主旨：“he also realized that mistakes could teach important lessons.” 这说明文章的写作目的是鼓励我们从错误中学习。 四、阅读还原 （一） 根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 In spring, some people wear T-shirts while others are in down (羽绒服) coats. It seems that people feel different temperatures on the same day. 1 In fact, people don’t feel air temperature directly. There are sensors (传感器) on our skin that can feel cold, cool, warm, and hot temperatures. 2 When bodies are the same size, how much body fat we have can be different and influence how we feel temperatures. 3 This is because the fat under the skin helps keep heat, according to the website The Swaddle. For example, old people often feel colder than young people as the fat layer under the skin gets thinner with age. Surprisingly, another reason is height. 4 Since most people’s hearts are about the same size, it takes more effort and time for the blood to move around in taller people. So taller people might feel colder, said the newsletter Mic. Metabolism (新陈代谢) also influences how we feel temperatures. It shows how fast our bodies use energy. People with a higher metabolism always feel hotter than others. 5 For example, people with more muscles often feel warmer, according to Medicover Genetics. A．Why does this happen? B．The more body fat one has, the warmer he or she feels. C．We need blood to move around our bodies to keep us warm. D．These sensors are also found in our noses and other internal organs. E．This is because they produce more heat and may take more time to cool down. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了同一春日里人们体感温度不同的原因，包括体脂、身高、新陈代谢等因素的影响。 1．第1段“It seems that people feel different temperatures on the same day”可知，这里是引出“为什么会出现这种情况”的疑问，选项A“为什么会发生这种情况呢？”能衔接后文对原因的解释。 2．第2段“There are sensors on our skin that can feel cold, cool, warm, and hot temperatures”可知，这里是补充传感器的分布信息，选项D“这些传感器也存在于我们的鼻子和其他内脏器官中”能丰富对传感器的描述。 3．第3段“When bodies are the same size, how much body fat we have can be different and influence how we feel temperatures”以及后文“This is because the fat under the skin helps keep heat”可知，这里是说明体脂与体感温度的关系，选项B“体内脂肪越多，人会感觉越暖和”能呼应这一逻辑。 4．第4段“another reason is height... it takes more effort and time for the blood to move around in taller people”可知，这里是说明血液与保暖的关联，选项C“我们需要血液在体内流动来保持温暖”能衔接后文关于身高影响血液流动的内容。 5．第5段“People with a higher metabolism always feel hotter than others”以及后文“people with more muscles often feel warmer”可知，这里是解释新陈代谢快的人更热的原因，选项E“这是因为他们产生的热量更多，降温可能需要更长时间”能契合这一说明。 （二） 阅读短文，从短文下面方框中的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文通顺完整、衔接自然。 Have you heard of the term “crab mentality”? It describes a self-centered and narrow-minded way of thinking. 1 People use the term to talk about those who try to stop others from achieving their dreams, often by criticizing them. As a general rule, if you say someone has “crab mentality”, you are saying something very negative about their personality. 2 When they are trapped in a bucket, they prevent each other from escaping. If one crab tries to get out, the others will pull it back in. 3 Since all the crabs will face the same bad end, to be cooked and eaten, why don’t they help each other to freedom? People with “crab mentality” do not want you to win or escape a bad situation. Instead, they will try to pull you back down. 4 For example, if you want to start a business, they’ll say, “That’s far too risky. You should just keep your safe job.” If you want to take part in a singing contest, they’ll say, “I heard the judges are really mean. Don’t embarrass yourself.” Now that we know what a person with “crab mentality” is like, it’s worth asking: could we sometimes be the crab in someone else’s bucket? And how can we fight “crab mentality”? The first step is to learn to recognize it in yourself. Once you are aware of your problem, you can actively find ways to overcome it. Next, make it a habit to show happiness for someone’s success. When your friend gets a good grade or wins a prize, always say “You’ve earned it!” or “Let’s celebrate your success!”. Your words can change your feelings. 5 A．Soon, you’ll start to feel like their success is your success, too. B．It means, “If I can’t have something, then you can’t have it either.” C．The idea of “crab mentality” comes from the natural behavior of crabs. D．This kind of thinking can help people avoid making mistakes in their lives. E．Their advice always seems helpful, but it is actually designed to hold you back. F．Even worse, they sometimes wait until it has almost escaped before pulling it down. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．F 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了“螃蟹心态”这一概念，描述了自私、心胸狭隘的思维方式及其表现，并提出了克服这种心态的方法。 1．前文指出“螃蟹心态”描述的是一种自私、心胸狭隘的思维方式，B选项“It means, ‘If I can’t have something, then you can’t have it either.’”具体解释了螃蟹心态的核心含义，与前文形成逻辑关系。 2．后文指出当螃蟹被困在桶里时，它们会互相阻止对方逃跑，C选项“The idea of ‘crab mentality’ comes from the natural behavior of crabs.”解释了螃蟹心态这一概念的来源，与后文关于螃蟹行为的具体描述形成总分关系。 3．前文描述一只螃蟹试图爬出时，其他螃蟹会把它拉回来，后文提出问题为什么螃蟹不互相帮助逃生，F选项“Even worse, they sometimes wait until it has almost escaped before pulling it down.”进一步描述了螃蟹行为的极端情况，与后文关于质疑螃蟹行为的内容形成逻辑关系。 4．前文指出具有螃蟹心态的人会试图把你拉回来，后文举例说明他们会说“太冒险了，你应该保住安全的工作”等话语，E选项“Their advice always seems helpful, but it is actually designed to hold you back.”总结了这些建议看似有帮助实则阻碍你的特点，与后文具体例子形成总分关系。 5．前文指出言语可以改变感受，A选项“Soon, you’ll start to feel like their success is your success, too.”描述了积极言语带来的结果，与前文形成逻辑关系。 （三） 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项多余 As teenagers, you have many dreams. 1 Or they can be small. For example, you may just want to become one of the ten best students in your class. Once you find a dream, what do you do with it? Do you ever try to make your dream real? “Follow Your Heart” by Australian writer Andrew Matthews tells us that making our dreams real is life’s biggest challenge. You may think you are not very good at some school subjects. 2 “These kinds of thoughts may stop you from getting your dream,” the book says. In fact, everyone can make his dream come true. The first thing you must do is to remember what your dream is. 3 Do this often and your dream will come true faster because a big dream is, in fact, made of many small dreams. You must also never give up your dream. There will be difficulties on the road to your dreams. 4 You won’t achieve your dream if you don’t stick to it. 5 Studying instead of watching TV will bring you better exam results. While saving five yuan instead of buying an ice-cream means you can buy a new book. This way will help you get closer to your dream day by day. A．Giving up is the last thing you should do. B．Don’t let it leave your heart, and keep telling yourself what you want. C．These dreams can be very big, like being a scientist. D．You need to decide what is the most important. E．Or you may think that it is impossible for you to become a great person. F．But the biggest difficulty comes from yourself. G．Why do you need a dream? 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了年轻人应该拥有梦想，并且应该为梦想付诸行动，为梦想而努力，我们要努力战胜各种困难，不断提高自己。 1．前文提到“As teenagers, you have many dreams.”，后文说“Or they can be small.”，此处应说梦想也可能很大，C选项“These dreams can be very big, like being a scientist.”符合语境。 2．前文提出一种对自己的负面想法，结合后文“These kinds of thoughts may stop you from getting your dream”可知，此处应顺承列举另一种负面想法，引出下文“这类想法会阻碍你实现梦想”，E选项“Or you may think that it is impossible for you to become a great person.”符合逻辑。 3．前文说“The first thing you must do is to remember what your dream is.”，后文说“Do this often and your dream will come true faster”，此处应进一步说明了记住梦想的做法，B选项“Don’t let it leave your heart, and keep telling yourself what you want.”承上启下，符合语境。 4．前文提到“There will be difficulties on the road to your dreams. ”，F选项“But the biggest difficulty comes from yourself.”承接上文，指出最大困难的来源，引出下文“不坚持就无法实现梦想”，符合语境。 5．后文举例说明学习而不是看电视、省钱而不是买冰淇淋等做法能让自己更接近梦想，这是在决定什么是最重要的，D选项“You need to decide what is the most important.”可承接下文举例，符合语境。 五、任务型阅读 （一） 阅读下面的语篇材料，根据材料内容，完成下列各题。 The scientific method is a way to ask and answer questions. Here are the steps for it. First, think about what things make you curious to learn more. Then, you may ask yourself a question. Next, you need to make a hypothesis (假设). After that, it’s time to run an experiment to test your hypothesis! Finally, the results come out and you’ll draw a conclusion. Lab Report Name: Kevin Somers Date: April 9, 2026 Project Title: Testing How Mold (霉) Grows Question: I wonder what conditions make mold grow best. Hypothesis: Mold grows best in cold and dark conditions. Experiment: →materials: ★4 pieces of white bread   ★water   ★1 paper bag   ★fridge →time: two weeks →method: 1. I put two pieces of bread on the dinner table. Some water was added to one piece of bread every day while the other remained dry. 2. I prepared two pieces of bread. I put one piece in a closed paper bag and left the bag on the top of the fridge because it’s warm there. I put the other piece in the fridge because it’s dark and cold there. 3.I checked these four pieces of bread every day for two weeks. Result: 1. The wet bread developed mold more quickly than the dry bread. 2. The bread on the top of the fridge developed mold more quickly than the bread in the fridge. Conclusion: 1. Mold will finally develop on all of the bread. 2. Mold grows best in warm and wet conditions. 1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to? It refers to “ ”. 2．How many steps are there in the scientific method? There are steps. 3．Where did Kevin put the bread to get a warm environment? He put it . 4．What is the main purpose of Kevin’s experiment? Its main purpose is to find out . 5．Was Kevin’s hypothesis correct? Why or why not? 【答案】1．the scientific method 2．five/5 3．on the top of the fridge 4．what conditions make mold grow best 5．No, it wasn’t. Because the experiment result shows mold grows best in warm and wet conditions rather than the cold and dark conditions in his hypothesis. 【导语】本文介绍了科学方法的基本步骤，并通过Kevin关于霉菌生长条件的实验报告，具体展示了如何运用科学方法进行探究。 1．第一段开篇说明科学方法是提问和回答问题的方式，紧接着说“Here are the steps for it”，因此it指代前文提到的the scientific method。 2．第一段中“First...Then...Next...After that...Finally...”提到科学方法的步骤依次为：发现好奇内容、提出问题、做出假设、开展实验验证、得出结论，一共5个步骤。 3．根据实验步骤的描述“I put one piece in a closed paper bag and left the bag on the top of the fridge because it’s warm there.”，Kevin将装面包的纸袋放在冰箱顶部获得温暖环境，因此答案为on the top of the fridge。 4．根据Kevin提出的实验问题“Question: I wonder what conditions make mold grow best.”可知，实验的核心目的是探究什么条件最适合霉菌生长。 5．“Hypothesis: Mold grows best in cold and dark conditions.”提到Kevin的假设是“霉菌最适合在阴冷环境生长”，但实验最终结论“Mold grows best in warm and wet conditions.”是“霉菌最适合在暖湿环境生长”，因此他的假设不正确。 （二） On a warm summer night, Tom carried a small chair and a glass of cold lemon water to his garden. The air smelled like fresh grass, and small black insects made sounds in the flower bed. It was a perfect time for him to relax. As he drank the lemon water, something shone at the corner of his eye: a firefly whose tail was shining with soft yellow light. Tom was interested in it. He watched the firefly land on a leaf, and its light dimmed (变暗) a little before getting bright again. Soon, more fireflies came: some danced above the grass, and others flew near the wall. Their tiny lights made a little shining net in the dark. Tom moved closer. He saw that each firefly’s light was a bit different. Some were pale gold and others were warmer orange. And their tails were like small stars that had fallen to the ground. He followed one firefly as it flew, its light lighting up the small drops of water. “Wow,” Tom said quietly. “They’re so little, but their light is strong enough to make the dark feel nice.” Sitting back on his chair, Tom smiled. “Even small things can share light,” he said to himself. “I want to be like these fireflies, so I can bring a little light to the people around me, too.” 1．Why did Tom go to the garden? (不超过5个词) 2．What were the fireflies’ tails like? (不超过15个词) 3．What can we learn from the fireflies? (不超过15个词) 【答案】1．To relax himself. 2．They were like small stars that had fallen to the ground. 3．Even small things can share light with others. 【导语】本文主要介绍了在一个夏夜里，汤姆到花园放松，观察萤火虫后有所感悟：哪怕微小的事物也能给身边人带来光亮。 1．原文第一段“It was a perfect time for him to relax”表明Tom去花园的目的是放松，答案几乎是原文引述。 2．原文第二段末句“And their tails were like small stars that had fallen to the ground”说明萤火虫尾巴的特点，提炼可得出答案，注意字数要求。 3．原文最后一段中“Even small things can share light...bring a little light to the people around me, too”表明汤姆从萤火虫身上所产生的感悟，可直接提取。 六、短文填空 （一） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The Gifts of the Nile (尼罗河) THE NILE, at about 6,650 kilometers, is the world’s longest river. It flows through Egypt and a few other 1 (Africa) countries. A long time ago, the river played a big part in the lives of the ancient Egyptians. Most of Egypt was covered by desert, 2 the Nile brought life to the land. The river flooded every September. This made 3 soil along its banks very rich and good for farming. The ancient Egyptians 4 (grow) many crops along the Nile. The first important was wheat, the second important was papyrus (纸莎草) and the 5 (three) important was flax (亚麻). They used wheat to make bread and also sold wheat to nearby areas. Papyrus was a tall reed (芦苇). The ancient Egyptians used it to make paper, baskets and other things. And they used flax to make clothes. In 6 (add), the ancient Egyptians got food from the Nile by fishing. They used spears (矛) and nets to catch fish in it. The river also provided them 7 building materials. They made bricks from the mud on the banks of the river. These bricks were used to build 8 (home) and early tombs (坟). The Nile River was so important that many big cities 9 (build) near it. The river was the main waterway between these cities. Ships traveled on it 10 (carry) people and goods. In short, the Nile was the heart of life and work in ancient Egypt. 【答案】 1．African 2．but 3．the 4．grew 5．third 6．addition 7．with 8．homes 9．were built 10．carrying 【导语】本文主要介绍了尼罗河是世界上最长的河流，它流经埃及和其他一些非洲国家，在古埃及人的生活中发挥了重要作用。 1．句意：它流经埃及和其他几个非洲国家。“countries”是名词，前面要用形容词修饰，Africa的形容词形式是African，表示“非洲的”。 2．句意：埃及大部分地区被沙漠覆盖，但尼罗河给这片土地带来了生机。前半句说埃及大部分被沙漠覆盖，后半句说尼罗河带来生机，前后是转折关系，所以用but连接。 3．句意：这使得沿岸的土壤非常肥沃，适合耕种。“soil”是特指尼罗河沿岸的土壤，所以前面用定冠词the。 4．句意：古埃及人在尼罗河沿岸种植了许多农作物。根据“A long time ago”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以这里用grow的过去式grew。 5．句意：第三重要的是亚麻。根据“the first important”和“the second important”可知，此处表示“第三”，用序数词third。 6．句意：此外，古埃及人通过捕鱼从尼罗河获取食物。in addition是固定短语，表示“此外”。 7．句意：这条河还为他们提供了建筑材料。provide sb. with sth.是固定搭配，表示“为某人提供某物”，所以这里用with。 8．句意：这些砖被用来建造房屋和早期的坟墓。“home”为可数名词，且此处表示泛指，应用复数形式homes。 9．句意：尼罗河非常重要，许多大城市都建在它的附近。主语“many big cities”和谓语动词“build”之间是被动关系，且句子时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是复数，be动词用were，build的过去分词是built。 10．句意：船只在上面航行，运送人员和货物。“carry”的逻辑主语是“Ships”，它们之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词carrying作伴随状语。 （二） Last autumn, I had an experience that I still remember clearly. I was waiting for the bus after school when I noticed 1 small music shop nearby. Out of curiosity, I went inside and saw an old man 2 (play) the guitar quietly in the corner. The music was soft and warm. I stood there for a while and soon 3 (forget) the cold weather outside. It was the first time I had heard such 4 (peace) music in real life. I felt my stress slowly disappear. 5 the man finished playing, I asked him how long he had been doing this. He smiled and said he started playing the guitar when he was a teenager. Music had always been part of his life. I 6 (move) by his words. He told me that music does not need to be perfect; it only needs to be honest. I found myself thinking about my own 7 (hobby) and interests. Before I left, he gave me a small pick and said, “Keep trying and don’t give up 8 (easy).” I thanked him and walked out slowly. 9 my way home, I realized that sometimes the simplest moments can leave the 10 (deep) impression. That day, I not only enjoyed beautiful music but also learned a valuable lesson about life and myself. 【答案】 1．a 2．playing 3．forgot 4．peaceful 5．When 6．was moved 7．hobbies 8．easily 9．On 10．deepest 【导语】本文讲述了作者去年秋天放学等车时，走进一家小音乐店，被一位老人弹奏的吉他音乐所吸引，老人与作者交流并给予鼓励，作者从中获得感悟的故事。 1．句意：放学后我在等公交车时，注意到附近有一家小音乐店。“shop”是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一家小音乐店”，“small”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词“a”。 2．句意：出于好奇，我走进去，看到一位老人在角落里静静地弹吉他。“see sb. doing sth.”表示“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行，这里指看到老人正在弹吉他，所以用“play”的现在分词“playing”。 3．句意：我在那里站了一会儿，很快就忘记了外面寒冷的天气。根据“stood”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以这里用“forget”的过去式“forgot”。 4．句意：这是我第一次在现实生活中听到如此平和的音乐。“music”是名词，前面要用形容词修饰，“peace”的形容词形式是“peaceful”，表示“平和的”。 5．句意：当老人弹完时，我问他这样做有多久了。“...the man finished playing”表示时间，当老人完成弹奏这个动作时，“when”引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，句首首字母大写，所以填“When”。 6．句意：我被他的话感动了。“I”和“move”之间是被动关系，即“我被感动”，且根据上下文可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were + 过去分词”，“I”是第一人称单数，用“was”，“move”的过去分词是“moved”，故填“was moved”。 7．句意：我发现自己在思考自己的爱好和兴趣。“hobby”是可数名词，“and”连接两个并列的成分，“interests”是复数形式，所以“hobby”也应用复数形式“hobbies”。 8．句意：继续努力，不要轻易放弃。“give up”是动词短语，要用副词修饰，“easy”的副词形式是“easily”，表示“轻易地”。 9．句意：在回家的路上，我意识到有时候最简单的时刻能留下最深刻的印象。“on one's way home”是固定短语，意为“在某人回家的路上”，句首首字母大写，所以填“On”。 10．句意：在回家的路上，我意识到有时候最简单的时刻能留下最深刻的印象。“impression”是名词，前面要用形容词修饰，且根据“the”可知，这里要用形容词的最高级形式，“deep”的最高级是“deepest”，表示“最深刻的”。 （三） 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 Let’s learn about the secret of taste and smell. Get a small piece of potato and a small piece of apple. Make sure they are the same size so you can’t tell the difference. Now close your eyes and mix 1 up. Hold your nose and eat each piece, can you tell the difference? In fact, we don’t just use our tongue to taste when we eat. The flavor comes from both the taste 2 smell working together. Holding your nose when you taste the potato and apple makes it hard 3 tell the difference between the two. The same airway (气道) 4 connects your mouth and nose allows you to taste and smell foods at the same time. Your tongue helps you taste sweet or salty flavors, but when you smell with your nose at the same time, you can find many other special “tastes”. If you can’t smell, it becomes harder 5 you to tell the difference between certain foods. 【答案】1．them 2．and 3．to 4．that/which 5．for 【导语】本文介绍了味觉与嗅觉协同作用的原理，通过土豆和苹果的小实验，解释了我们感知食物风味的过程，帮助读者理解感官配合对味觉体验的影响。 1．句意：现在闭上眼睛，把它们混合起来。前文提到了“a small piece of potato and a small piece of apple”两样物品，此处需要一个代词指代这两样物品，且作为动词mix的宾语，要用复数人称代词宾格形式，故填them。 2．句意：风味来自味觉和嗅觉的共同作用。句中出现了固定搭配both...and...，意为“两者都”，用于连接并列的taste“味觉”和smell“嗅觉”，故填and。 3．句意：当你品尝土豆和苹果时捏住鼻子，就很难区分两者的区别。本句使用了固定句型make it+形容词+to do sth.，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式，因此形容词hard后需要接不定式符号to，故填to。 4．句意：连接你的嘴和鼻子的同一气道，让你可以同时品尝和闻食物。这是一个定语从句，先行词是表示事物的the same airway，关系代词在从句中作主语，可用that或which引导定语从句，指代先行词并充当主语，故填that或which。 5．句意：如果你没有嗅觉，你就更难区分某些食物的区别。本句使用了固定句型it becomes+形容词+for sb. to do sth.，意为“对某人来说做某事变得……”，需要用介词for引出动作的对象you，故填for。 七、选词填空 （一） 根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。 appear, the, final, of, him, question, built, leave, patience, or One thing my father did when I was young still remains fresh in my memory today. My father was a carpenter (木匠), and he often helped others build houses. Every time he finished building a house, he would pick up the broken bricks that others didn’t need, either one 1 two. Sometimes, when walking on the road and seeing bricks or stones on the side 2 the road, he would pick them up and put them in a basket to take them home. Over time, a mass of bricks 3 in our yard. 1 felt that the small courtyard was 4 with no room for playing. Until one day my father started to use these things to 5 a square room in a comer of the yard. Then my father drove the pigs and sheep into the small house, and the yard was clean. At that time, I just thought my father was great, and he built a house by 6 . Because my family was so poor that it was almost a problem to eat, but my father did not give up, and 7 one day he had enough bricks to build the house in his heart. In the following days, the spirit has been inspiring me. When I do something. I usually ask myself two 8 : One is what the goal of doing this thing is and 9 other is how much effort is    needed to make this thing happen. After that, I must be 10 enough, because I can’t pick up enough bricks in a day. 【答案】 1．or 2．of 3．appeared 4．left 5．build 6．himself 7．finally 8．questions 9．the 10．patient 【导语】本文讲述了作者的木匠父亲，通过常年捡拾废弃砖块，最终为家里建成一间小屋的故事，传递出坚持、耐心与点滴积累的重要性，也体现了父亲的精神对作者的深远影响。 1．句意为“每次他盖完房子，都会捡起别人不用的碎砖，要么一块，要么两块”。固定搭配either...or...表示“要么……要么……”，用于连接并列成分，此处连接one和two，符合语境和语法要求。 2．句意为“有时，当走在路上看到路边有砖块或石头时，他会捡起来放进篮子里带回家”。固定搭配on the side of the road表示“在路边”，of用于构成所属关系，此处表示“道路的边缘”，是固定表达。 3．句意为“久而久之，我们的院子里出现了一堆砖块”。句子缺少谓语动词，根据语境，砖块是慢慢“出现、堆积”在院子里的，且全文时态为一般过去时，appear（出现）的过去式为appeared，符合语境。 4．句意 “我觉得这个小院子都被占满了，没有玩耍的空间了”。be left with表示“剩下、留下”，此处指院子里被砖块占满，没有多余的空间，用leave的过去分词left构成被动语态，符合语境。 5．句意为“直到有一天，父亲开始用这些砖块在院子的角落建一个方形的小屋”。固定搭配use sth. to do sth.表示 “用某物做某事”，此处指用砖块“建造”小屋，built是过去式，需用原形build，符合语法和语境。 6．句意为“那时候，我只觉得父亲很了不起，他自己盖了一座房子”。固定搭配by oneself表示“独自、自己”，此处指代父亲，himself（他自己）符合语境。 7．句意为“因为我家太穷了，吃饭都成问题，但父亲没有放弃，终于有一天，他攒够了足够的砖块，建成了他心中的小屋”。此处需要副词修饰整个句子，final（最终的）的副词形式finally表示“终于、最终”，体现父亲坚持后的结果，符合语境。 8．句意为“当我做事情时，我通常会问自己两个问题：一个是做这件事的目标是什么，另一个是需要付出多少努力才能让这件事发生”。根据后文的两个问题，two后需接可数名词复数，question（问题）的复数形式为questions，符合语境。 9．句意为“一个是做这件事的目标是什么，另一个是需要付出多少努力才能让这件事发生”。固定搭配one...the other...表示“（两者中的）一个…… 另一个……”，此处需用定冠词the，构成固定结构。 10．句意为“在那之后，我必须足够有耐心，因为我不可能一天就捡够足够的砖块”。be动词后需接形容词作表语，patience（耐心，名词）的形容词形式为patient（有耐心的），符合语境和语法要求。 （二） 请阅读下面的语篇，从方框内选择恰当的词并用其正确的形式填空。注意每 空一词，每次仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。 along   before   find   free   improve   medicine   nothing   pain   problem   relax   something   when Do you know how to improve your physical and mental health at the same time?There is a kind of 1 . It has no bad influences and is easy to use. Best of all, it is totally 2 . It is called laughter. Whether you just smile or you laugh out loud,laughter does 3 good to your body. It gives off endorphins (内啡肽). They can make your daily life much better and less 4 . Also, laughing can help reduce the risk of a heart problem. After a good laugh, your body will feel more 5 for as long as 45 minutes. Laughter is also really good for your mind and having a good sense of humor helps, too. 6 you hear a joke, it makes you laugh or simply smile, and you relax a bit. It’s relaxation that helps you think better about your 7 , and then you can deal with them better. What’s more, laughter helps you have a good relationship with others. When you hear someone laughing, you’re probably going to laugh 8 . Studies show that our closest relationships with parents, brothers, sisters, or partners are 9 with shared laughter. As the old saying goes, “The couple that laughs together stays together.” So, all you have to do is laugh! Try to 10 things to laugh about. It’s also important to be with the people who make you laugh, and laugh for no reason at all as often as you can. 【答案】 1．medicine 2．free 3．something 4．painful 5．relaxed 6．When 7．problems 8．along 9．improved 10．find 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了笑对人们身心健康的诸多好处，如改善情绪、缓解疼痛、促进人际关系等。 1．句意：有一种药，它没有任何不良影响，而且使用起来很方便。根据不定冠词a可知，此处需填单数名词；结合后文“It is called laughter”，语境表示“笑就像一种药”，备选词medicine符合，用原形即可。 2．句意：最重要的是，它是完全免费的。根据前文“无不良影响、使用方便”的语境，结合常识，笑是免费的，备选词free（免费的）符合，用原形即可。 3．句意：无论你只是微笑还是开怀大笑，笑都会对你的身体有一些好处。固定搭配do something good to...表示“对……有好处”，备选词something符合语境，用原形即可。 4．句意：它们（内啡肽）能让你的日常生活变得更好，也能减少痛苦。前文提到内啡肽让生活更美好，因此此处表示“减少痛苦”，备选词pain（痛苦）符合语境，此处应与and前better的词性保持一致，应用pain的形容词形式painful。 5．句意：开怀大笑之后，你的身体会在长达45分钟的时间里感到更加放松。根据语境 “大笑后身体的感受”，此处需用形容词表示“放松的”，修饰人，备选词relax的形容词形式relaxed符合要求。 6．句意：当你听到一个笑话的时候，它会让你大笑或只是微笑，你也会随之放松一点。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，备选词when符合语境，句首首字母大写。 7．句意：正是这种放松能帮助你更好地思考你的问题，然后你就能更好地处理它们。后文的them指代空格内容，结合“处理它们”的语境，应填复数名词“问题”，备选词problem需变为复数problems。 8．句意：当你听到别人笑时，你很可能也会跟着一起笑。固定搭配laugh along表示“跟着一起笑”，备选词along符合语境，用原形即可。 9．句意：研究表明，我们与父母、兄弟姐妹或伴侣之间最亲密的关系，会因共同的笑声而得到改善。语境表示“共同的笑声改善亲密关系”，句子为被动语态（be 动词+过去分词），备选词improve需变为过去分词improved。 10．句意：试着找到一些能让你发笑的事情。结合后文“和能让你笑的人在一起”，此处表示“找到笑料”，固定搭配try to do sth.后接动词原形，备选词find符合语境。 （三） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限一词，每词限使用一次。 reason  small  four  both  tell  planet  reach  low  surface  soil In the solar system, the Sun is in the center, and it is the only star in the solar system. As a star, the Sun has eight 1 around it, and Mars is one of them. Let me tell you more about it. Mars is 2 than the Earth. Its diameter is 53% as wide as that of the Earth, about 6,800 kilometers. It is the 3 planet from the Sun in our solar system and is named after Mars, the Roman god of war. Earth is about 150 million kilometers away from the Sun. As a neighbouring planet, Mars is about 228 million kilometers away from the Sun. This is the 4 that Mars is colder than Earth. The temperature on Mars is about -63℃ on average. The 5 temperature is -138℃, but the highest temperature is 28℃. It takes a spaceship about eight months to 6 Mars from Earth when the two planets are closest to each other. You can 7 which planet is Mars as it is bright red in the night sky. It looks like a red and orange ball because of its red 8 . It’s very beautiful. But during the spring and summer, there is a lot of ice 9 on and under the ground. The gravity (重力) on the 10 of Mars is about 40% as strong as it is on Earth. So a 90-kilogram person on Earth is only 36 kilos on Mars. Scientists are still searching for more information about Mars. 【答案】 1．planets 2．smaller 3．fourth 4．reason 5．lowest 6．reach 7．tell 8．soil 9．both 10．surface 【导语】本文介绍了火星在太阳系中的位置、大小、温度、外观特征及重力等基本信息，帮助读者了解这颗红色星球。 1．句意：作为一颗恒星，太阳周围有八颗行星，火星是其中之一。“eight...around it”表示“八颗行星”，需用名词复数形式作宾语。选项“planet”的复数“planets”符合语义，表示“行星”。 2．句意：火星比地球小。“Mars is...than the Earth”表示“火星比地球小”，根据“than”可知，需用形容词比较级作表语。选项“small”的比较级“smaller”符合语法，表示“更小”。 3．句意：它是太阳系中距离太阳第四近的行星。“the...planet from the Sun”表示“距离太阳第四近的行星”，需用序数词修饰名词。选项“four”的序数词“fourth”符合语法，表示“第四”。 4．句意：这就是火星比地球更冷的原因。“This is the...that Mars is colder than Earth”表示“这就是火星比地球更冷的原因”，需用名词作表语。选项“reason”符合语义，表示“原因”。 5．句意：最低温度是零下138摄氏度，最高温度是28摄氏度。“The...temperature is -138℃”表示“最低温度是零下138摄氏度”，需用形容词最高级修饰名词。选项“low”的最高级“lowest”符合语法，表示“最低的”。 6．句意：当两颗行星距离最近时，宇宙飞船从地球到达火星大约需要八个月。“to...Mars from Earth”表示“从地球到达火星”，需用动词原形构成不定式。选项“reach”符合语义，表示“到达”。 7．句意：你可以分辨出哪颗行星是火星，因为它在夜空中呈亮红色。“You can...which planet is Mars”表示“你可以分辨出哪颗行星是火星”，需用动词原形构成情态动词后的谓语。选项“tell”符合语义，表示“分辨、辨别”。 8．句意：因为它红色的土壤，它看起来像一个红橙色的球。“because of its red...”表示“因为它红色的土壤”，需用名词作宾语。选项“soil”符合语义，表示“土壤”。 9．句意：但在春夏季节，地表和地下都有大量的冰。“a lot of ice...on and under the ground”表示“地表和地下都有大量的冰”，选项“both”符合语义，构成“both...and...”结构，表示“既在地表又在地下”。 10．句意：火星表面的重力约为地球表面重力的40%。“the...of Mars”表示“火星表面”，需用名词作主语。选项“surface”符合语义，表示“表面”。 八、书面表达 你班将于本周六组织同学们去张家界国家森林公园进行科普小活动。请你根据下面的提示，以班长李华的名义给同学们发布一则通知。 要求：1.内容必须包括所提示信息，可适当发挥。 2.文中不能出现自己的真实姓名和学校名称。 3.不少于80词（文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 Dear classmates, May I have your attention please? We will have scientific activities in Zhangjiajie Forest Park this Saturday.  _____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you! 【答案】Dear classmates， May I have your attention please? We will have scientific activities in Zhangjiajie Forest Park this Saturday.We are going to meet at the school gate at 8:00 in the morning. We will go to the forest park by bus. When we get there, first we should listen to a talk about the forest park. Then we will go to the forest to know about plants. We should take some notes about what we have learned. We will return at 3:00 in the afternoon. That’s all. Thank you! 【分析】写作分析：这篇作文的写作背景是班级将于本周六组织同学们去张家界国家森林公园进行科普小活动。需要根据提示，以班长李华的名义给同学们发布一则通知。题干中给出了一些细节，最重要的是读懂这些信息，然后用有逻辑的语言组织好通知，中心圆圈说的是“在张家界森林公园的科普活动”，圆圈上面写的是“如何去那里，乘公交”，圆圈左边写的是“何时见面：在早上8点；什么时候返回：下午三点半”，圆圈右边写的是“做什么：听取谈论关于森林公园的事情，了解植物并做笔记”，圆圈下面写的是“在哪里见面：在学校大门”，写作中要注意正确组织这些素材。 【详解】写作亮点：这则通知的开头已经给出，已经说明了“我们将要于本周六前往张家界森林公园进行科普活动”，所以写作的重点在于正确组织给出的素材，首先可以介绍集合的地点和时间，注意这件事还没发生，要正确使用一般将来时We are going to meet…我们将要见面…。然后可以介绍前往公园的方式，在写公园的活动的时候可以借助first首先，then然后这样的词语来增强逻辑性，最后写返回的时间，这篇写作的难点在于正确根据事件发生的先后顺序组织材料进行写作，写作的时候要注意逻辑性，语言的条理性，总体说这篇作文完成了既定的写作任务。 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 43 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 抢分07 科普知识与哲理感悟（热点时文） 热点导读 热点集训 语法选择1 老师引导李明关注内心，学会照顾情绪 语法选择2 探讨睡眠重要性，生物均需睡眠 语法选择3 介绍珍珠奶茶起源、流行及健康提示 完形填空1 耐心培育比速成更能抵御风雨 完形填空2 香料曾贵重如货币，连接东西方 完形填空3 音乐影响大脑与情绪，选对音乐助学习 阅读理解1 科普太阳发光与月亮反光的科学知识 阅读理解2 实验揭秘秋天树叶变色的原因 阅读理解3 动物用伪装、恐吓、合作保护自己 阅读理解4 大脑调控感官，有保护与感知功能 阅读理解5 介绍压力原理及在生活中的应用 阅读理解6 杰克丢书包后知错，学会帮助他人 阅读还原1 分析人体感温度不同的多重原因 阅读还原2 介绍螃蟹心态及克服方法 阅读还原3 鼓励青少年坚持并实现梦想 任务型阅读1 用科学方法探究霉菌生长的最佳条件 任务型阅读2 汤姆观萤火虫，悟微小亦能发光 短文填空1 尼罗河孕育古埃及文明与生活 短文填空2 偶遇吉他老人，收获音乐与人生感悟 短文填空3 揭秘味觉与嗅觉协同作用的原理 选词填空1 父亲捡砖建房，教会我耐心与坚持 选词填空2 欢笑有益身心，能改善情绪与关系 选词填空3 介绍火星的位置、大小、温度等知识 书面表达 通知周六去张家界森林公园开展科普活动 一、语法选择 （一） Li Ming, a middle school student, often felt nervous about everything. His teacher, Mr. Wang, shared a simple idea with him: Our minds have weather too. Li Ming felt very 1 at his words. Then Mr. Wang gave him a task: During the break just sit on the bench at school for ten minutes in the morning, and look at 2 sky instead of sitting in the classroom. On the first day, he felt silly. But on the second day, he began 3 the colors of the tree leaves in the morning light. By the fifth day, when the sunlight went 4 the leaves and landed on his hand, he suddenly felt a sense of calm—mornings 5 be peaceful and beautiful. Then Li Ming 6 the second task: After dinner each night, draw a happy, sad or natural face in a notebook 7 write down the sentence: Today’s weather is... because ... 8 , he noticed his “weather” was always sunnier after a PE lesson, but if he watched short videos for over one hour at night, the next day would be “cloudy”. Li Ming told Mr. Wang 9 he discovered two secrets: First, taking good care of our minds is like taking good care of a plant. Just give 10 a little sunlight every day. Second, when we accept that we’ll have “cloudy days” too, we end up having more “sunny days”. 1．A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．notice B．to notice C．noticing 4．A．over B．across C．through 5．A．could B．must C．need 6．A．gave B．is given C．was given 7．A．or B．and C．but 8．A．Slow B．Slowly C．Slowness 9．A．that B．how C．what 10．A．it B．its C．itself （二） If you’ve ever stayed up late and then got up early the next day, you know what it’s like to not get enough sleep. It’s a very uncomfortable feeling. Scientists have long believed that sleep is like food—if we don’t get enough of it, we might get sick 1 even die. But now they are starting to wonder just 2 sleep we need. Researchers at Imperial College London did a study on fruit flies. 3 found that flies that slept for very short periods of time—about 72 minutes a day—still lived about as long as flies which slept for normal periods of time. According to 4 study, one of the female flies slept for just 4 minutes each day 5 general. This has led the researchers to wonder if sleep is less necessary than we first 6 . However, humans are very different from fruit flies. The Sleep Foundation says that sleep is the time when our bodies perform a lot of repair, such as 7 tissue and growing muscle. It is true that sleeping allows our bodies to get much 8 from the stress we experience each day. But do you think that we 9 really die from not sleeping? No humans 10 from staying awake for too long so far. At present, the world record for sleeplessness 11 by Robert McDonald, US, who 12 stayed awake for 18 days 21 hours 40 minutes in 1986. The Guinness World Records stopped including the record because of the dangers linked to not getting enough sleep 13 people to have enough sleep. Scientists have not yet found any animals that don’t sleep at all. Even animals that only sleep for short periods have to sleep 14 . This suggests that sleep is very important, even for some short-sleeping animals or 15 , German scientist Niels Rattenborg said. 1．A．as B．but C．or D．so 2．A．how much B．how many C．how long D．how far 3．A．They B．Them C．Their D．Themselves 4．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．A．in B．on C．to D．with 6．A．to think B．thinking C．will think D．thought 7．A．fix B．fixed C．fixing D．to fix 8．A．good B．well C．better D．the best 9．A．need B．may C．must D．should 10．A．die B．died C．have died D．will die 11．A．hold B．held C．is holding D．is held 12．A．surprised B．surprisingly C．surprisedly D．surprising 13．A．encourage B．encouraged C．encouraging D．to encourage 14．A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 15．A．another B．other C．others D．the other （三） Many of us have tried bubble (气泡) tea. In fact, bubble tea first appeared in Taiwan in 1 1980s. It mainly 2 tea, milk, sugar, and so on. The name “bubble tea” comes from the bubbles created when shaking the tea. Today, it has become one of 3 drinks among teenagers in China. There are many flavors (风味) to choose, like classic milk tea, fruity orange, or even chocolate. Local products 4 by some shops to create unusual flavors, such as green tea from Huangshan. Many young people enjoy taking photos of 5 colorful bubble tea and sharing them online. Why is bubble tea so popular? First, it tastes 6 . Second, you can choose the sugar level, ice amount, and things like red beans. Third, bubble tea shops are often comfortable 7 for friends to chat. 8 , doctors remind us that bubble tea includes a lot of sugar. Drinking too much may lead to health problems. They suggest 9 it once a week instead of every day. Looking to the future, some companies are trying to make healthier bubble tea 10 less sugar. 1．A．a B．the C．/ 2．A．mixed B．mixes C．has mixed 3．A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular 4．A．use B．used C．are used 5．A．their B．them C．they 6．A．sweet B．sweetly C．sweetness 7．A．place B．places C．places’ 8．A．However B．Besides C．Therefore 9．A．enjoyed B．to enjoy C．enjoying 10．A．in B．of C．with 二、完形填空 （一） Next door to each other lived two women, Anna and Bella. Both loved 1 . Anna wanted quick results, so she bought the most beautiful, fully-grown 2 from the market and planted them in her garden. It looked perfect immediately. Bella, however, started with young sprouts (幼苗). Her garden looked 3 and empty at first. One night, a strong storm 4 their small town. The next morning, Anna’s garden was a sad 5 . Her large flowers were broken and looked terrible, because their roots were not strong enough to 6 the wind. She was sad to see her garden in such a mess. She then 7 Bella’s garden. To her surprise, the young plants were still there. They were bent (弯曲的) but not 8 . Their roots, grown deep and strong while no one was watching, had held them in the earth. Within days, they stood 9 again, even greener than before. Anna finally understood true strength and beauty need time and deep roots to grow. Sometimes 10 and hard work are more valuable than quick success, because quick and easy results may not last when difficulties come. 1．A．swimming B．painting C．skating D．gardening 2．A．crops B．fruits C．flowers D．vegetables 3．A．thick B．lonely C．crowded D．clean 4．A．hit B．stopped C．saved D．missed 5．A．lesson B．answer C．sight D．choice 6．A．stand B．direct C．catch D．follow 7．A．dug B．watered C．noticed D．reported 8．A．smooth B．round C．smelly D．broken 9．A．silently B．straight C．lazily D．alone 10．A．patience B．courage C．progress D．confidence （二） Long ago, spices (香料) like pepper and cinnamon (肉桂) were not just for cooking. They were so 1 that they were used as money. In ancient times, most spices came from Asia. The journey to Europe was long and 2 , as a result, spices became very expensive. In the 15th century, European explorers began to 3 new sea routes (航线) to Asia. They wanted to find a 4 way to get spices. This led to the “Age of Discovery.” Explorers crossed the ocean to find these “treasures.” Their journeys changed the map of the world 5 . As trade grew, spices traveled from one 6 to another. They didn’t just change the 7 of food to make it more delicious. They also brought different cultures together. For example, black pepper from India became a common thing on dinner tables in Europe. Today, spices are 8 in almost every kitchen. We can buy them easily in local supermarkets at a low price. However, we should also 9 their great history. They 10 a bridge that first connected the East and the West. 1．A．valuable B．beautiful C．colorful D．comfortable 2．A．natural B．simple C．dangerous D．pleasant 3．A．explore B．follow C．leave D．stop 4．A．longer B．safer C．harder D．colder 5．A．luckily B．carefully C．hardly D．greatly 6．A．street B．country C．building D．station 7．A．color B．size C．taste D．shape 8．A．found B．lost C．sold D．broken 9．A．lead B．change C．write D．remember 10．A．acted as B．looked at C．pointed to D．shouted at （三） Music is more than just a form of fun. It has a powerful 1 on our brain. Scientists have found that listening to music can 2 our mood, improve our memory, and even help us learn better. When we listen to music, different 3 of our brain become active. For example, classical music can always make people feel calm, while pop music might 4 people. That’s why many students choose to listen to soft music 5 they are studying. Soft music helps create a peaceful environment for learning. It helps them focus without getting bored. Playing a musical instrument is even more 6 . It helps build stronger connections between brain cells (细胞), because it 7 the use of both hands, eyes, and ears at the same time. Studies show that children who learn to play an instrument often do better in math and reading. However, not all music is good for studying. Music 8 loud or fast beats can distract (使……分心) us easily. So when you need to focus, 9 the right kind of music for yourself. In short, music is not just for fun. It is a powerful tool that can shape our 10 in surprising ways. So next time you enjoy music, remember it’s doing more than just pleasing your ears. 1．A．effect B．effort C．choice D．reason 2．A．break B．lift C．hide D．check 3．A．kinds B．sides C．ways D．parts 4．A．slow down B．set off C．cheer up D．drive away 5．A．unless B．though C．while D．because 6．A．boring B．convenient C．awful D．beneficial 7．A．requires B．harms C．reduces D．protects 8．A．by B．for C．with D．from 9．A．choose B．regret C．miss D．record 10．A．wealth B．mind C．past D．trade 三、阅读理解 （一） According to Ken Croswell, the Sun and the Moon are different. We often think that the Sun rules the day and the Moon rules the night. That’s kind of right, but not totally. The Sun shines all the time. It shines during the day when we see it, and even at night when we don’t. As the Earth turns, sometimes we face the Sun. That’s when we get day. When the Earth’s spin (自转) turns us away from the Sun and we are in the Earth’s shadow, we get night. When people on the opposite side of the Earth face the Sun, those people have day while we have night. The Moon is a different story. Unlike the Sun, it doesn’t make its own light. Moonlight is actually the Sun’s light reflecting (反射) the Moon back to us. The Sun lights up only the side of the Moon that faces the Sun. At Full Moon, the Moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun. Then the side of the Moon facing the Earth is all lit up. During Full Moon, the Moon rises around sunset, shines all night, and sets around sunrise. Since the moonlight is so bright, you can sometimes see it during the day, too. A few days before Full Moon, if you look east in the afternoon, you may see the Moon in the sky. After Full Moon, you may find it if you look west in the morning. The Moon is most difficult to see at New Moon, when its orbit (轨道) puts it between the Earth and the Sun. Then, the side of the Moon facing the Earth is dark and we can’t see the Moon at all. 1．What can we know about the Sun according to the passage? A．The Sun rules the Moon. B．The Sun shines during both day and night. C．The Sun lights up all the sides of the Moon. D．The Sun shines everywhere on the Earth at the same time. 2．Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “shadow” in Paragraph 3? shadow n .① the shape of the Earth, ② the force from the Sun, ③ the dark area on the Earth, ④ the opposite side of the Sun. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．Which of the following is TRUE about a Full Moon? A．The Moon rises around sunrise and sets around sunset. B．The Moon is between the Earth and the Sun. C．You can sometimes see it in the east in the afternoon. D．The side of the Moon facing the Earth is fully lit. 4．Which following picture shows us New Moon? A．B． C． D． 5．What is the theme of the text? A．Culture. B．Science. C．Education. D．Technology. （二） Look at the beautiful yellow leaves outside the window. They were still green last week! Why do they turn yellow, sometimes even red or orange? Let’s find the secret! Material 3 green leaves Glass cup Spoon Scissors Filter paper (滤纸) Ethanol Tape Pencil Step 1. Cut the leaves into small pieces. 2. Mash (捣碎) the pieces with a spoon. 3. Add Ethanol to cover the leaf pieces. 4. Tape the filter paper to the pencil and put the pencil on the cup. 5. Wait for hours and you’ll see the result. Result Colors climb the filter paper. From bottom to top, they are dark green, light green, yellow and orange. But light green covers most of the filter paper. Explanation Leaves have different kinds of colors. In spring and summer, leaves get sunlight and produce lots of chlorophyll (叶绿素). So you can see only the green color. But in autumn, less sunlight means less chlorophyll. So the green disappears slowly and other colors show up. 1．How many kinds of materials do we need? A．6. B．7. C．8. D．9. 2．What is the correct order of the steps? A．②③①④⑤ B．①②④⑤③ C．②④③①⑤ D．①⑤②④③ 3．Which filter paper shows the correct result? A． B． C． D． 4．Leaves make less chlorophyll in autumn because of ________ . A．less air B．less sunlight C．less water D．less time 5．Which part of the newspaper does the text come from? A．History. B．Culture. C．Science. D．Travel. （三） In nature, staying safe is as important as finding food. Different animals have clever ways to protect themselves from danger. Some use colors, while others use tricks—and all these skills help them survive in the wild. Many animals use camouflage to protect themselves. For example, leaf insects look exactly like dry leaves—their bodies have matching lines and they move slowly like leaves in the wind, making it hard for birds to find them. Arctic hares change color with the seasons: white in winter and brown in summer, so predators (捕食者) can hardly see them. Other animals use tricks to scare enemies. When in danger, a pufferfish (河豚) fills its body with water or air to become round and spiky. Most predators don’t want to bite a spiky ball! Skunks (臭鼬) spray a stinky liquid from their bodies. The bad smell is so strong that it makes other animals run away quickly. Even small animals like ladybugs have tricks: they play dead when caught, and some release a bad-tasting liquid to make predators spit them out. Some animals work together to stay safe. Meerkats (灰沼狸) live in groups: while most look for food, one stands on its back legs to watch for danger. If it sees an enemy, it makes a loud call—and the whole group runs into their underground holes. Bees also protect each other: when a bee hurts an enemy, it sends a signal (a smell), and other bees come to keep danger away. From hiding to scaring to working together, animals have amazing ways to keep themselves safe. These skills are not just clever—they are necessary for the animals’ survival in the wild. 1．What does the underlined word “camouflage” mean in the text? A．A method to run into holes fast. B．A trick to avoid danger in a hurry. C．A skill to make enemies afraid quickly. D．A way to hide by looking like things around. 2．What can we infer about animals that use these skills to avoid being eaten? A．They are all small and weak in the wild. B．Their survival depends on these clever skills. C．They can easily drive away many predators. D．They are all strong enough to fight predators. 3．What do other meerkats do when one watcher meerkat calls loudly? A．They send a signal. B．They look for food quickly. C．They raise themselves up to watch. D．They hide in their underground holes. 4．Which of the following is an opinion (观点) according to the text? A．Animals have their ways to keep themselves safe. B．Animals’ skills to stay safe are necessary for survival. C．Animals in groups will send out signals when danger comes. D．Animals with special body parts make themselves spiky in danger. 5．How is the text organized? A．Question→Answer→Story B．Causes→Results→Opinions C．Fact→Examples→Conclusion D．Descriptions→Examples→Solution （四） Do you know the five main senses we have? They are touch, taste, sight, smell and hearing. They are controlled by different parts of our brains. So we call the brain our built-in “BeiDou”. Brains help our bodies work smoothly. Try this: close your eyes and touch your nose. It’s easy, right? That’s because our brains can receive messages about where our body parts are. We can also stand on one leg without falling down. If we lose our balance, our brains will give us orders to fix it. _____★____. Tests show that people see spider pictures faster than flowers. Some researchers also found that people react to loud noises faster than to a friend’s voice. Scientists aren’t completely sure about the reasons. Some suggest that this skill might come from ancient times. Our ancestors were often faced with predators. So they had to protect themselves from dangerous animals like spiders and tigers, or they would lose their lives. Until today, we still jump at sudden noises or shadows in dark rooms. Here is more about the brain. Can you imagine seeing colors when you hear music, or tasting candy when you see the sunshine? It’s called sense mixing. Scientists think this happens when different senses intermingle (相互交织). Another fact is that temperature sometimes influences our senses. Some people can feel storms coming through with knee pain. So we often joke that we’re “human weather apps”. Also, our brains are able to make adjustments (调整) to some senses. If someone can’t see well, his hearing or touch might become stronger. Though scientists have done much research on the brain, there’s still a lot to do. Have you ever wondered why some people are better at sports? What’s the secret to improving memory? Then it’s time for you to start your discovery journey. 1．What do the two examples in the first paragraph show? A．Human brains are different. B．Brains help our bodies work well. C．People have many living habits. D．Humans can touch their noses easily. 2．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．It’s fun to study our ancestors’ lives. B．It’s easy to learn about senses. C．Animals help people in many ways. D．Brains are also life-saving heroes. 3．Which animal in the following is probably a “predator”? A．A lion. B．A sheep. C．A deer. D．A butterfly. 4．According to paragraph 3, what might happen if your senses mix? A．You can tie your shoes without looking. B．You taste sweetness when seeing an apple. C．You jump when someone shouts suddenly. D．You feel pain in your knees before the rain comes 5．What is the writing purpose of the last paragraph? A．To improve people’s memory. B．To show the value of our brains. C．To encourage brain studies. D．To admire scientists’ efforts. （五） What do cutting food and building aeroplanes have in common? Both of them use one powerful force: pressure. There are several types of pressure, but they all share the same law: a force acts on a surface. The smaller the surface area, the greater the pressure produced by the same force. We experience different forms of pressure in everyday life-mechanical pressure, when we press on an object; atmospheric pressure, when air pushes on everything around us; and hydrostatic pressure, when it acts within water, such as the strong pressure deep in the sea. Now picture yourself stepping onto a snowy place. In ordinary shoes, you would go down into the snow immediately. But this won’t happen once you put on skis (滑雪板). It’s because your body weight is spread over a bigger area. The pressure becomes less, so the snow can support you. Cutting food with a knife works the same way. Without an understanding of how pressure works, it would be impossible to build an aeroplane. An aeroplane wing’s top surface is curved (弧形的). When an aeroplane moves, air moves around its wing. The airflow (气流) over the wing speeds up because of its special shape. As a result, the pressure above the wing becomes lower than the pressure below it. The pressure difference creates an upward force called lift. This force balances the aeroplane’s weight and allows it to stay in the air. In water, pressure increases with depth. When we build a dam (大坝), we make it wider and thicker at the bottom to hold back higher pressure from deep water. Pressure is one of the key forces shaping the world around us. By understanding its nature, we have learned to build machines that can fly into the sky and dive into the ocean, measure the heights of mountains, and explore outer space. 1．What is pressure according to the text? A．A kind of surface area. B．A force on a surface area. C．The total size of a surface. D．A force with no surface area. 2．Which one is reasonable if the force is unchanged? (x=Surface area; y=Pressure) A． B． C． D． 3．Which activity is about atmospheric pressure? A．Cutting food. B．Skiing on snow. C．Building a dam. D．Making an aeroplane. 4．Which of the following is an opinion according to the text? A．In water, pressure increases with depth. B．Different types of pressure share the same law. C．The shape of the wings creates lift for the aeroplane. D．Pressure is one of the key forces shaping the world around us. 5．Why is the text written? A．To teach some useful living skills. B．To explain different kinds of pressure. C．To introduce pressure and its influence on us. D．To expect readers to develop new technologies. （六） One sunny morning, Jake hurried to catch the bus, thinking about his math test. He didn’t notice when his schoolbag slipped off (滑落) onto the seat beside him. When he arrived at school, he suddenly realized his schoolbag was gone. His heart raced, inside it were his homework, textbooks, and his favorite pencil case—a special gift from his grandfather. Then Jake ran to his classroom and told his teacher. She could see the worry on his face. “Mistakes happen. Let’s call the bus company to see if they found it.” After a few phone calls, they got good news—the schoolbag was turned in at the bus station. Jake took a deep breath. That afternoon, Jake’s mom drove him to the bus station. The driver Mr Harris, smiled and said with a friendly laugh, “Ah, so you’re the one who left this behind.” He handed Jake the schoolbag and added, “Always check your seat before getting off the bus. A little more care saves a lot of trouble.” Jake nodded and said, “________”. The next day at school, Jake noticed Mia, a quiet girl in his class, looking upset. “What’s wrong?” he asked. “I lost my science book,” she said sadly. Remember how he had felt the day before, Jake quickly offered to share his book. Mia’s smile made him feel warm inside. At dinner that night Jake’s mom said, “I’m proud of you. You learned from your mistake and helped someone else.” Jake felt nice and he also realized that mistakes could teach important lessons. 1．What was Jake thinkıng about when he was hurrying to catch the bus? A．His math test. B．His lost schoolbag. C．His grandfather’s gift. 2．Which sentence can be put into “________”? A．Thanks, sir. You can drive really well. B．Thanks, sir. I’ll be more careful next time. C．Thanks, sir. Mum will help me check my seat. 3．Why did Jake offer to share his book with Mia? A．Because Mia had helped him with his study before. B．Because his teacher always reminds students to help each other. C．Because he remembered feeling worried when he lost his own schoolbag. 4．How did Jake’s feeling change in the passage? A．Worried-nervous-relaxed-happy-proud. B．Worried-angry-excited-happy-proud. C．Relaxed-nervous-afraid-excited-proud. 5．What’s the main purpose of writing this passage? A．To remind students about bus safety rules. B．To praise the bus driver’s helpful actions. C．To encourage us to learn from mistakes. 四、阅读还原 （一） 根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 In spring, some people wear T-shirts while others are in down (羽绒服) coats. It seems that people feel different temperatures on the same day. 1 In fact, people don’t feel air temperature directly. There are sensors (传感器) on our skin that can feel cold, cool, warm, and hot temperatures. 2 When bodies are the same size, how much body fat we have can be different and influence how we feel temperatures. 3 This is because the fat under the skin helps keep heat, according to the website The Swaddle. For example, old people often feel colder than young people as the fat layer under the skin gets thinner with age. Surprisingly, another reason is height. 4 Since most people’s hearts are about the same size, it takes more effort and time for the blood to move around in taller people. So taller people might feel colder, said the newsletter Mic. Metabolism (新陈代谢) also influences how we feel temperatures. It shows how fast our bodies use energy. People with a higher metabolism always feel hotter than others. 5 For example, people with more muscles often feel warmer, according to Medicover Genetics. A．Why does this happen? B．The more body fat one has, the warmer he or she feels. C．We need blood to move around our bodies to keep us warm. D．These sensors are also found in our noses and other internal organs. E．This is because they produce more heat and may take more time to cool down. （二） 阅读短文，从短文下面方框中的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文通顺完整、衔接自然。 Have you heard of the term “crab mentality”? It describes a self-centered and narrow-minded way of thinking. 1 People use the term to talk about those who try to stop others from achieving their dreams, often by criticizing them. As a general rule, if you say someone has “crab mentality”, you are saying something very negative about their personality. 2 When they are trapped in a bucket, they prevent each other from escaping. If one crab tries to get out, the others will pull it back in. 3 Since all the crabs will face the same bad end, to be cooked and eaten, why don’t they help each other to freedom? People with “crab mentality” do not want you to win or escape a bad situation. Instead, they will try to pull you back down. 4 For example, if you want to start a business, they’ll say, “That’s far too risky. You should just keep your safe job.” If you want to take part in a singing contest, they’ll say, “I heard the judges are really mean. Don’t embarrass yourself.” Now that we know what a person with “crab mentality” is like, it’s worth asking: could we sometimes be the crab in someone else’s bucket? And how can we fight “crab mentality”? The first step is to learn to recognize it in yourself. Once you are aware of your problem, you can actively find ways to overcome it. Next, make it a habit to show happiness for someone’s success. When your friend gets a good grade or wins a prize, always say “You’ve earned it!” or “Let’s celebrate your success!”. Your words can change your feelings. 5 A．Soon, you’ll start to feel like their success is your success, too. B．It means, “If I can’t have something, then you can’t have it either.” C．The idea of “crab mentality” comes from the natural behavior of crabs. D．This kind of thinking can help people avoid making mistakes in their lives. E．Their advice always seems helpful, but it is actually designed to hold you back. F．Even worse, they sometimes wait until it has almost escaped before pulling it down. （三） 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项多余 As teenagers, you have many dreams. 1 Or they can be small. For example, you may just want to become one of the ten best students in your class. Once you find a dream, what do you do with it? Do you ever try to make your dream real? “Follow Your Heart” by Australian writer Andrew Matthews tells us that making our dreams real is life’s biggest challenge. You may think you are not very good at some school subjects. 2 “These kinds of thoughts may stop you from getting your dream,” the book says. In fact, everyone can make his dream come true. The first thing you must do is to remember what your dream is. 3 Do this often and your dream will come true faster because a big dream is, in fact, made of many small dreams. You must also never give up your dream. There will be difficulties on the road to your dreams. 4 You won’t achieve your dream if you don’t stick to it. 5 Studying instead of watching TV will bring you better exam results. While saving five yuan instead of buying an ice-cream means you can buy a new book. This way will help you get closer to your dream day by day. A．Giving up is the last thing you should do. B．Don’t let it leave your heart, and keep telling yourself what you want. C．These dreams can be very big, like being a scientist. D．You need to decide what is the most important. E．Or you may think that it is impossible for you to become a great person. F．But the biggest difficulty comes from yourself. G．Why do you need a dream? 五、任务型阅读 （一） 阅读下面的语篇材料，根据材料内容，完成下列各题。 The scientific method is a way to ask and answer questions. Here are the steps for it. First, think about what things make you curious to learn more. Then, you may ask yourself a question. Next, you need to make a hypothesis (假设). After that, it’s time to run an experiment to test your hypothesis! Finally, the results come out and you’ll draw a conclusion. Lab Report Name: Kevin Somers Date: April 9, 2026 Project Title: Testing How Mold (霉) Grows Question: I wonder what conditions make mold grow best. Hypothesis: Mold grows best in cold and dark conditions. Experiment: →materials: ★4 pieces of white bread   ★water   ★1 paper bag   ★fridge →time: two weeks →method: 1. I put two pieces of bread on the dinner table. Some water was added to one piece of bread every day while the other remained dry. 2. I prepared two pieces of bread. I put one piece in a closed paper bag and left the bag on the top of the fridge because it’s warm there. I put the other piece in the fridge because it’s dark and cold there. 3.I checked these four pieces of bread every day for two weeks. Result: 1. The wet bread developed mold more quickly than the dry bread. 2. The bread on the top of the fridge developed mold more quickly than the bread in the fridge. Conclusion: 1. Mold will finally develop on all of the bread. 2. Mold grows best in warm and wet conditions. 1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to? It refers to “ ”. 2．How many steps are there in the scientific method? There are steps. 3．Where did Kevin put the bread to get a warm environment? He put it . 4．What is the main purpose of Kevin’s experiment? Its main purpose is to find out . 5．Was Kevin’s hypothesis correct? Why or why not? （二） On a warm summer night, Tom carried a small chair and a glass of cold lemon water to his garden. The air smelled like fresh grass, and small black insects made sounds in the flower bed. It was a perfect time for him to relax. As he drank the lemon water, something shone at the corner of his eye: a firefly whose tail was shining with soft yellow light. Tom was interested in it. He watched the firefly land on a leaf, and its light dimmed (变暗) a little before getting bright again. Soon, more fireflies came: some danced above the grass, and others flew near the wall. Their tiny lights made a little shining net in the dark. Tom moved closer. He saw that each firefly’s light was a bit different. Some were pale gold and others were warmer orange. And their tails were like small stars that had fallen to the ground. He followed one firefly as it flew, its light lighting up the small drops of water. “Wow,” Tom said quietly. “They’re so little, but their light is strong enough to make the dark feel nice.” Sitting back on his chair, Tom smiled. “Even small things can share light,” he said to himself. “I want to be like these fireflies, so I can bring a little light to the people around me, too.” 1．Why did Tom go to the garden? (不超过5个词) 2．What were the fireflies’ tails like? (不超过15个词) 3．What can we learn from the fireflies? (不超过15个词) 六、短文填空 （一） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The Gifts of the Nile (尼罗河) THE NILE, at about 6,650 kilometers, is the world’s longest river. It flows through Egypt and a few other 1 (Africa) countries. A long time ago, the river played a big part in the lives of the ancient Egyptians. Most of Egypt was covered by desert, 2 the Nile brought life to the land. The river flooded every September. This made 3 soil along its banks very rich and good for farming. The ancient Egyptians 4 (grow) many crops along the Nile. The first important was wheat, the second important was papyrus (纸莎草) and the 5 (three) important was flax (亚麻). They used wheat to make bread and also sold wheat to nearby areas. Papyrus was a tall reed (芦苇). The ancient Egyptians used it to make paper, baskets and other things. And they used flax to make clothes. In 6 (add), the ancient Egyptians got food from the Nile by fishing. They used spears (矛) and nets to catch fish in it. The river also provided them 7 building materials. They made bricks from the mud on the banks of the river. These bricks were used to build 8 (home) and early tombs (坟). The Nile River was so important that many big cities 9 (build) near it. The river was the main waterway between these cities. Ships traveled on it 10 (carry) people and goods. In short, the Nile was the heart of life and work in ancient Egypt. （二） Last autumn, I had an experience that I still remember clearly. I was waiting for the bus after school when I noticed 1 small music shop nearby. Out of curiosity, I went inside and saw an old man 2 (play) the guitar quietly in the corner. The music was soft and warm. I stood there for a while and soon 3 (forget) the cold weather outside. It was the first time I had heard such 4 (peace) music in real life. I felt my stress slowly disappear. 5 the man finished playing, I asked him how long he had been doing this. He smiled and said he started playing the guitar when he was a teenager. Music had always been part of his life. I 6 (move) by his words. He told me that music does not need to be perfect; it only needs to be honest. I found myself thinking about my own 7 (hobby) and interests. Before I left, he gave me a small pick and said, “Keep trying and don’t give up 8 (easy).” I thanked him and walked out slowly. 9 my way home, I realized that sometimes the simplest moments can leave the 10 (deep) impression. That day, I not only enjoyed beautiful music but also learned a valuable lesson about life and myself. （三） 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 Let’s learn about the secret of taste and smell. Get a small piece of potato and a small piece of apple. Make sure they are the same size so you can’t tell the difference. Now close your eyes and mix 1 up. Hold your nose and eat each piece, can you tell the difference? In fact, we don’t just use our tongue to taste when we eat. The flavor comes from both the taste 2 smell working together. Holding your nose when you taste the potato and apple makes it hard 3 tell the difference between the two. The same airway (气道) 4 connects your mouth and nose allows you to taste and smell foods at the same time. Your tongue helps you taste sweet or salty flavors, but when you smell with your nose at the same time, you can find many other special “tastes”. If you can’t smell, it becomes harder 5 you to tell the difference between certain foods. 七、选词填空 （一） 根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。 appear, the, final, of, him, question, built, leave, patience, or One thing my father did when I was young still remains fresh in my memory today. My father was a carpenter (木匠), and he often helped others build houses. Every time he finished building a house, he would pick up the broken bricks that others didn’t need, either one 1 two. Sometimes, when walking on the road and seeing bricks or stones on the side 2 the road, he would pick them up and put them in a basket to take them home. Over time, a mass of bricks 3 in our yard. 1 felt that the small courtyard was 4 with no room for playing. Until one day my father started to use these things to 5 a square room in a comer of the yard. Then my father drove the pigs and sheep into the small house, and the yard was clean. At that time, I just thought my father was great, and he built a house by 6 . Because my family was so poor that it was almost a problem to eat, but my father did not give up, and 7 one day he had enough bricks to build the house in his heart. In the following days, the spirit has been inspiring me. When I do something. I usually ask myself two 8 : One is what the goal of doing this thing is and 9 other is how much effort is    needed to make this thing happen. After that, I must be 10 enough, because I can’t pick up enough bricks in a day. （二） 请阅读下面的语篇，从方框内选择恰当的词并用其正确的形式填空。注意每 空一词，每次仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。 along   before   find   free   improve   medicine   nothing   pain   problem   relax   something   when Do you know how to improve your physical and mental health at the same time?There is a kind of 1 . It has no bad influences and is easy to use. Best of all, it is totally 2 . It is called laughter. Whether you just smile or you laugh out loud,laughter does 3 good to your body. It gives off endorphins (内啡肽). They can make your daily life much better and less 4 . Also, laughing can help reduce the risk of a heart problem. After a good laugh, your body will feel more 5 for as long as 45 minutes. Laughter is also really good for your mind and having a good sense of humor helps, too. 6 you hear a joke, it makes you laugh or simply smile, and you relax a bit. It’s relaxation that helps you think better about your 7 , and then you can deal with them better. What’s more, laughter helps you have a good relationship with others. When you hear someone laughing, you’re probably going to laugh 8 . Studies show that our closest relationships with parents, brothers, sisters, or partners are 9 with shared laughter. As the old saying goes, “The couple that laughs together stays together.” So, all you have to do is laugh! Try to 10 things to laugh about. It’s also important to be with the people who make you laugh, and laugh for no reason at all as often as you can. （三） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限一词，每词限使用一次。 reason  small  four  both  tell  planet  reach  low  surface  soil In the solar system, the Sun is in the center, and it is the only star in the solar system. As a star, the Sun has eight 1 around it, and Mars is one of them. Let me tell you more about it. Mars is 2 than the Earth. Its diameter is 53% as wide as that of the Earth, about 6,800 kilometers. It is the 3 planet from the Sun in our solar system and is named after Mars, the Roman god of war. Earth is about 150 million kilometers away from the Sun. As a neighbouring planet, Mars is about 228 million kilometers away from the Sun. This is the 4 that Mars is colder than Earth. The temperature on Mars is about -63℃ on average. The 5 temperature is -138℃, but the highest temperature is 28℃. It takes a spaceship about eight months to 6 Mars from Earth when the two planets are closest to each other. You can 7 which planet is Mars as it is bright red in the night sky. It looks like a red and orange ball because of its red 8 . It’s very beautiful. But during the spring and summer, there is a lot of ice 9 on and under the ground. The gravity (重力) on the 10 of Mars is about 40% as strong as it is on Earth. So a 90-kilogram person on Earth is only 36 kilos on Mars. Scientists are still searching for more information about Mars. 八、书面表达 你班将于本周六组织同学们去张家界国家森林公园进行科普小活动。请你根据下面的提示，以班长李华的名义给同学们发布一则通知。 要求：1.内容必须包括所提示信息，可适当发挥。 2.文中不能出现自己的真实姓名和学校名称。 3.不少于80词（文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 Dear classmates, May I have your attention please? We will have scientific activities in Zhangjiajie Forest Park this Saturday.  _____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. 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